Perform Mensuration and Calculation

1. MODULE 2
LESSON 1
CONVERSION OF
TEMPERATURE

2. • Degrees Fahrenheit, (developed in the early 1700's by G.
Daniel Fahrenheit), are used to record surface
temperature measurements by meteorologists in the
United States.
• Celsius (developed in the 18th Century), it is important to
be able to convert from units of degrees Fahrenheit to
degrees Celsius.
• Kelvin is another unit of temperature that is very handy for
many scientific calculations, since it begins at absolute
zero, meaning it has no negative numbers.
(Note: The word "degrees" is NOT used with Kelvin.)

6. MODULE 2
LESSON 2
RATIO AND PROPORTION

7. RATIO
It is the quantitative relation between two amounts showing
the number of times one value contains or is contained within
the other.
• Notation: Ratio of two values a and b is written as: a:b or
a/b or a to b

8. RATIO
Question 1: In a certain hotel, there are 28 guest women and 21
guest men. What is the ratio of guest men to guest women? What is
the ratio of guest women to the total number of guests in the hotel?
Solution: Guest Men : Guest Women = 21:28 (divisible by 7)
= 3:4
Women: total number of guests = 28:49 (divisible by 7)
= 4 : 7

9. RATIO
• Question 2: In a group, the ratio of doctors to lawyers is 5:4. If the
total number of people in the group is 72, what is the number of
lawyers in the group?
Solution: Let the number of doctors be 5x and the number of
lawyers be 4x.
Then 5x+4x = 72 → x=8.
So, the number of lawyers in the group is 4*8 = 32.

10. RATIO
• Question 3: If the ratio of chocolates to ice-cream cones in a box is 5:8
and the number of chocolates is 30, find the number of ice-cream cones.
Solution: Let the number of chocolates be 5x and the number of ice-
cream cones be 8x.
5x = 30 → x = 6
5(6) = 30
Therefore, number of ice-cream cones in the box
8x = 8(6) = 48.

11. PROPORTION
It is defined as the comparison of two ratios.
If a: b = c: d, then a, b, c, d are said to be in proportion and written as
a: b :: c:d or a/b=c/d.
a, d are called the extremes and b, c are called the means.
For a proportion a: b = c: d, product of means = product of extremes →
b*c = a*d.

14. MODULE 2
LESSON 3
SUBSTITUTION OF
CHEMICAL SOLUTIONS

15. What is Substitution?
• Substitution means replacing hazardous chemicals with safer alternatives.