HOSPITAL WASTE MANAGEMENT

1. OMD552-Hospital Waste
Management
(R2017-V Semester Open Elective)

2. Syllabus
UNIT I HEALTHCARE HAZARD CONTROL AND
UNDERSTANDING ACCIDENTS 9
Healthcare Hazard Control: Introduction,
Hazard Control: Management & Responsibilities,
Hazard Analysis, Hazard Correction, Personal
Protective Equipment, Hazard Control
Committees,
Accident Causation Theories, Accident Reporting,
Accident Investigations, Accident Analysis,
Accident Prevention, Workers‟ Compensation,
Orientation, Education, and Training.
1/7/2019 2

3. Syllabus (Continued…)
UNIT II BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT 9
Biomedical Waste Management : Types of
wastes, major and minor sources of biomedical
waste,
Categories and classification of biomedical waste,
hazard of biomedical waste, need for disposal
of biomedical waste, waste minimization,
waste segregation and labeling, waste handling
and disposal.
1/7/2019 3

4. Syllabus (Continued…)
UNIT III HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 9
Hazardous Materials : Hazardous Substance
Safety, OSHA Hazard Communication
Standard,
DOT Hazardous Material Regulations, Healthcare
Hazardous Materials,
Medical Gas Systems, Respiratory Protection.
1/7/2019 4

5. Syllabus (Continued…)
UNIT IV FACILITY SAFETY 9
Introduction, Facility Guidelines: Institute, Administrative
Area Safety, Slip, Trip, and Fall Prevention, Safety Signs,
Colors, and Marking Requirements, Tool Safety, Electrical
Safety, Control of Hazardous Energy, Landscape and
Ground Maintenance, Fleet and Vehicle Safety.
UNIT V
INFECTION CONTROL, PREVENTION AND PATIENT SAFETY 9
Healthcare Immunizations, Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, Disinfectants, Sterilants, and Antiseptics, OSHA
Bloodborne Pathogens Standard, Tuberculosis, Healthcare
Opportunistic Infections, Healthcare-Associated Infections,
Medication Safety.
1/7/2019 5

6. Reference Books
1. Tweedy, James T., Healthcare
hazard control and safety
management-CRC Press_Taylor
and Francis (2014).
2. Anantpreet Singh, Sukhjit Kaur,
Biomedical Waste Disposal, Jaypee
Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd
(2012).
1/7/2019 6

7. Course Outcomes
Upon completion of the course, the students will be able to
1. Explain healthcare hazard control responsibility,
management, accident analysis & prevention.
2. Interpret biomedical waste handling & disposal.
3. Summarize hazardous materials & respiratory
protection.
4. Summarize facility guidelines & safety
maintenance.
5. Outline infection control, prevention and patient
safety.
1/7/2019 7

8. PROGRAM OUTCOMES (POs)
1. Engineering knowledge
2. Problem analysis
3. Design/development of solutions
4. Conduct investigations of complex problems
5. Modern tool usage
6. The engineer and society
7. Environment and sustainability
8. Ethics
9. Individual and team work
10. Communication
11. Project management and finance
12. Life-long learning
1/7/2019 8

9. CO-PO Mapping
CO
PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
K-level K3 K4 K5 K5 K6 K3 K2 K3 K3 K2 K3 K3
CO1 K2 2 1 2 2
CO2 K2 2 1 2 2
CO3 K2 2 1 2 2
CO4 K2 2 1 2 2
CO5 K2 2 1 2 2
1/7/2019 9

10. Waste?
• Any useless, unwanted or discarded material
• General waste: Non-hazardous waste includes
kitchen waste, paper or wrappers etc. it falls
under domestic waste stream.
• Biomedical waste: generated during
diagnosis, treatment, immunization of human
being or animals, in research activities, in
production & testing of biological.
1/7/2019 10

11. Biomedical waste
• From minor or scattered sources, e.g. waste produced by
healthcare at home i.e. dialysis, insulin injection.
• 75-90% of such wastage are non-risk and falls under
municipal waste disposal.
– Human anatomical waste like tissues, organs and body parts
– Animal waste generated during research from veterinary hospitals
– Microbiology and biotechnology waste
– Waste sharps like hypodermic needles, syringes, scalpels and
broken glass
– Discarded medicines and toxic drugs
– Soiled waste such as dressing, bandages, plaster casts, material
contaminated with blood, tubes and catheters
– Liquid waste from any of the infected areas
– Incineration ash and other chemical waste
1/7/2019 11

12. Why Hospital Waste Management?
1/7/2019 12

13. Need for hospital waste management
• Rapid increase in healthcare establishment
• Emerging technological changes in medical field
(i.e.) disposable items
• Risk to public gets increased in many folds - Rag
Pickers
• Unsafe healthcare practices - half million people
have died every year.
• Assessment report of World Health Organization
(WHO) - 18 to 64% of healthcare facilities do not
use proper waste disposal methods.
– Moreover 85 % of hospital waste are non hazardous,
whereas 10% are being infectious hazard & remaining
5% are non-infectious hazard waste.
1/7/2019 13

14. Waste Disposal - Challenging Issue
• Developed countries generate - 5 kg of
hospital waste/day & Developing countries -
2kg/day.
• In India, out of 2kg waste/day, 10-15% is
found to biomedical waste.
• India holds first position for the highest
generator of biomedical waste in world,
contributes 0.33 million tons per year.
1/7/2019 14

15. BMW Rule?
• In 1998, biomedical waste management & handling (BMW)
rules were drafted by the directives of honorable Supreme
Court of India.
– It is the responsibility of every institution (hospital, dispensaries,
veterinary, pathological lab, blood banks etc) those generating
biomedical waste should take necessary steps to dispose
without any adverse effect to human health & environment.
– Hence healthcare establishment would follow strict segregation,
packaging, labeling and disposal as per BMW rule.
– Many institution lacks in following the appropriate system
because of non-availability of appropriate technology, lack of
professional training, lack of adequate financial resources & lack
of commitment at each level.
– However, many nongovernmental organization (NGO) & media
personnel are actively working in this field to bring this issue to
the fore.
1/7/2019 15

16. Absence of waste management
• Inadequate, inappropriate and improper waste
management leads to foul odor, environmental
pollution, and multiplication of disease carrying
organisms like insect, rodents & worms.
• Transmission of disease likes typhoid, cholera,
hepatitis, HIV through contact with infected waste & in
particular through accidental injuries from used sharps.
• It impact on environment by adding toxic pollutants to
water, air & soil. These can potentially damage our
flora, fauna & eco system.
• Waste management has more impact on human
healthcare.
1/7/2019 16

17. Regulatory Authorities
• Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB),
Ministry of environment, Forest & Climate
Change (MoEFCC), Government of India.
• State Pollution Control Board (SPCB)/
Pollution Control Committee (PCC) -The
prescribed authority for enforcement of the
provisions of BMW rules
1/7/2019 17