This was a double blind randomized clinical trial, conducted on adult patients during a 6-year period from 2003 to 2009. Included in this study were 84 adult participants that had
experienced PPC (persistent post-infectious coughs) longer than 3 weeks. All of them had the history of several referrals to different physicians and despite treatment, their cough had persisted.
Comparing the effectiveness of all three treatment regimens, this study found "honey with coffee" as the most effective treatment modality for PPC (P<0.001). Combination of honey and coffee can successfully treat the PPC at a short time. Thus, it is recommended for the treatment of PPC.
Respiratory system disorders and therapyElsa von Licy
This document provides information about a publication on respiratory system disorders and therapy from a new, dynamic viewpoint. It discusses the Louis Bolk Institute, which conducted the research, and its goal of furthering organic and sustainable practices. It also provides publishing details and contact information for the authors and institute. The publication aims to demonstrate how insights from biomedicine can be expanded using a Goethean phenomenological method to provide a more holistic understanding of health, illness, and therapy.
Evaluation of Empirical Usage of Respiratory Medications in Treatment of Pati...DR. SUJOY MUKHERJEE
1) The study evaluated the empirical use of respiratory medications in 550 patients presenting with chronic lower respiratory symptoms who were referred for spirometric screening.
2) It was found that empirical usage of medications without spirometry was widespread, with the potential for future adverse outcomes from misdiagnoses.
3) The study concluded that all patients with chronic lower respiratory symptoms should have their diagnoses confirmed with spirometry testing before receiving medications to avoid incorrect diagnoses and unwanted side effects from unnecessary treatments.
This document reviews treatment and management strategies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It finds that inhaled bronchodilators are the primary treatment for COPD patients. Pulmonary rehabilitation, including exercise and education, and smoking cessation are also important non-pharmacological strategies. For more severe COPD, guidelines recommend combination drug therapies using long-acting bronchodilators and inhaled corticosteroids to improve lung function and reduce exacerbations. Proper treatment and management can slow disease progression and improve quality of life for COPD patients.
Pyridoxine supplementation led to a significant decrease in migraine attack severity, duration, and headache diary results compared to placebo, but did not significantly impact attack frequency. A double-blind randomized clinical trial of 66 migraine patients with aura found that those receiving 80 mg of pyridoxine per day experienced greater reductions in severity (-2.20 vs -1), duration (-8.30 hours vs -1.70 hours), and headache diary results (-89.70 vs -6.10) compared to the placebo group after 12 weeks. However, pyridoxine did not significantly decrease attack frequency more than placebo.
This document summarizes acute severe asthma, including its pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It discusses how asthma results from airway inflammation caused by mast cell activation and other factors. Symptoms range from mild to life-threatening depending on severity. Diagnosis involves spirometry and pulmonary function tests. Treatment focuses on relieving bronchospasm and inflammation through medications like bronchodilators and corticosteroids. The document also provides a personal story about being diagnosed with acute severe asthma.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Abdominal Breathing Exercise in Reduct...ijtsrd
Background Abdominal breathing exercise is one among these. It reduces blood pressure by increasing baroreflex sensitivity and reducing sympathetic activity and chemo reflex activation. In India, it is reported that there are around 42 people are with pre hypertension, 15 are newly diagnose to have Hypertension and 31 are with known case of hypertension, and it kills nearly 8 million people every year worldwide. The noncompliance with treatment, stress and life style are found to be major reason for this doubling of disease within a decade, there “arises need for new therapies ‘and’ remedies. Objectives The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of abdominal breathing exercise in reducing mean blood pressure among hypertensive patients. Methods Pre experimental one group pre test – post test design was adopted for the study. 60 hypertensive patients from male and female medical general ward had been selected by convenient sampling. Tool comprised of Demographic proforma contained 9 items and sphygmomanometer, stethoscope and blood pressure monitoring table contained 3 items to record the readings. The reliability of the tool was tested by inter rater method and it was found to be r = 0.99. Abdominal breathing exercise was administered to the samples after pre assessment of mean blood pressure for ten minutes and post assessment of mean blood pressure is done at the gap of 5 minutes which is repeated 3 times a day and monitored for minimum of 3 days. ‘t’ test was used for finding the effectiveness, and Chi square test was used for finding out the association between mean blood pressure and selected demographic variables. Results It revealed that the mean differences in pre and post assessment was5.61 and ‘t’ value was 19.39 which is more than the ‘t’ table value. The overall findings of the study revealed that the Conclusion the study concluded that abdominal breathing exercise is found to be very effective in reducing the mean blood pressure. Arvind Singh Baghel | Dr. Neha Dubey | Bhoori Singh | Sunita Singh "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Abdominal Breathing Exercise in Reduction of Blood Pressure Among Hypertensive Patients in Selected Hospitals at Bhopal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42598.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.commedicine/nursing/42598/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-abdominal-breathing-exercise-in-reduction-of-blood-pressure-among-hypertensive-patients-in-selected-hospitals-at-bhopal/arvind-singh-baghel
This document discusses the integration of traditional and complementary medicine into health systems. It provides an overview of the World Health Organization's policies on this issue, including the Beijing Declaration which calls on governments to integrate traditional medicine into their national health care systems. The document also discusses different models of integration, from inclusive systems that recognize but have not fully integrated traditional medicine, to integrative systems where it is officially recognized and incorporated into all areas of health care provision.
The document summarizes a WHO briefing on traditional medicine. It defines traditional medicine and lists popular traditional medicine systems. Over 60% of populations in developing countries use traditional medicine as primary healthcare due to higher practitioner to population ratios compared to doctors. While traditional medicine has been used for centuries, only 45 of 191 WHO member states have national policies for it and 54 regulate herbal medicines. The WHO's 2002-2005 strategy aims to integrate traditional medicine into national healthcare systems and ensure safety, efficacy, quality, access, and rational use through guidelines, capacity building, and research support. However, many challenges around policy, regulation, and evidence remain.
Respiratory system disorders and therapyElsa von Licy
This document provides information about a publication on respiratory system disorders and therapy from a new, dynamic viewpoint. It discusses the Louis Bolk Institute, which conducted the research, and its goal of furthering organic and sustainable practices. It also provides publishing details and contact information for the authors and institute. The publication aims to demonstrate how insights from biomedicine can be expanded using a Goethean phenomenological method to provide a more holistic understanding of health, illness, and therapy.
Evaluation of Empirical Usage of Respiratory Medications in Treatment of Pati...DR. SUJOY MUKHERJEE
1) The study evaluated the empirical use of respiratory medications in 550 patients presenting with chronic lower respiratory symptoms who were referred for spirometric screening.
2) It was found that empirical usage of medications without spirometry was widespread, with the potential for future adverse outcomes from misdiagnoses.
3) The study concluded that all patients with chronic lower respiratory symptoms should have their diagnoses confirmed with spirometry testing before receiving medications to avoid incorrect diagnoses and unwanted side effects from unnecessary treatments.
This document reviews treatment and management strategies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It finds that inhaled bronchodilators are the primary treatment for COPD patients. Pulmonary rehabilitation, including exercise and education, and smoking cessation are also important non-pharmacological strategies. For more severe COPD, guidelines recommend combination drug therapies using long-acting bronchodilators and inhaled corticosteroids to improve lung function and reduce exacerbations. Proper treatment and management can slow disease progression and improve quality of life for COPD patients.
Pyridoxine supplementation led to a significant decrease in migraine attack severity, duration, and headache diary results compared to placebo, but did not significantly impact attack frequency. A double-blind randomized clinical trial of 66 migraine patients with aura found that those receiving 80 mg of pyridoxine per day experienced greater reductions in severity (-2.20 vs -1), duration (-8.30 hours vs -1.70 hours), and headache diary results (-89.70 vs -6.10) compared to the placebo group after 12 weeks. However, pyridoxine did not significantly decrease attack frequency more than placebo.
This document summarizes acute severe asthma, including its pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It discusses how asthma results from airway inflammation caused by mast cell activation and other factors. Symptoms range from mild to life-threatening depending on severity. Diagnosis involves spirometry and pulmonary function tests. Treatment focuses on relieving bronchospasm and inflammation through medications like bronchodilators and corticosteroids. The document also provides a personal story about being diagnosed with acute severe asthma.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Abdominal Breathing Exercise in Reduct...ijtsrd
Background Abdominal breathing exercise is one among these. It reduces blood pressure by increasing baroreflex sensitivity and reducing sympathetic activity and chemo reflex activation. In India, it is reported that there are around 42 people are with pre hypertension, 15 are newly diagnose to have Hypertension and 31 are with known case of hypertension, and it kills nearly 8 million people every year worldwide. The noncompliance with treatment, stress and life style are found to be major reason for this doubling of disease within a decade, there “arises need for new therapies ‘and’ remedies. Objectives The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of abdominal breathing exercise in reducing mean blood pressure among hypertensive patients. Methods Pre experimental one group pre test – post test design was adopted for the study. 60 hypertensive patients from male and female medical general ward had been selected by convenient sampling. Tool comprised of Demographic proforma contained 9 items and sphygmomanometer, stethoscope and blood pressure monitoring table contained 3 items to record the readings. The reliability of the tool was tested by inter rater method and it was found to be r = 0.99. Abdominal breathing exercise was administered to the samples after pre assessment of mean blood pressure for ten minutes and post assessment of mean blood pressure is done at the gap of 5 minutes which is repeated 3 times a day and monitored for minimum of 3 days. ‘t’ test was used for finding the effectiveness, and Chi square test was used for finding out the association between mean blood pressure and selected demographic variables. Results It revealed that the mean differences in pre and post assessment was5.61 and ‘t’ value was 19.39 which is more than the ‘t’ table value. The overall findings of the study revealed that the Conclusion the study concluded that abdominal breathing exercise is found to be very effective in reducing the mean blood pressure. Arvind Singh Baghel | Dr. Neha Dubey | Bhoori Singh | Sunita Singh "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Abdominal Breathing Exercise in Reduction of Blood Pressure Among Hypertensive Patients in Selected Hospitals at Bhopal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42598.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.commedicine/nursing/42598/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-abdominal-breathing-exercise-in-reduction-of-blood-pressure-among-hypertensive-patients-in-selected-hospitals-at-bhopal/arvind-singh-baghel
This document discusses the integration of traditional and complementary medicine into health systems. It provides an overview of the World Health Organization's policies on this issue, including the Beijing Declaration which calls on governments to integrate traditional medicine into their national health care systems. The document also discusses different models of integration, from inclusive systems that recognize but have not fully integrated traditional medicine, to integrative systems where it is officially recognized and incorporated into all areas of health care provision.
The document summarizes a WHO briefing on traditional medicine. It defines traditional medicine and lists popular traditional medicine systems. Over 60% of populations in developing countries use traditional medicine as primary healthcare due to higher practitioner to population ratios compared to doctors. While traditional medicine has been used for centuries, only 45 of 191 WHO member states have national policies for it and 54 regulate herbal medicines. The WHO's 2002-2005 strategy aims to integrate traditional medicine into national healthcare systems and ensure safety, efficacy, quality, access, and rational use through guidelines, capacity building, and research support. However, many challenges around policy, regulation, and evidence remain.
Format 2016: how to get asthma control: from PubMed to the tricks of the trade.Envicon Medical Srl
This document discusses strategies for achieving asthma control. It begins by establishing the importance of a partnership between healthcare providers and patients. Effective self-regulation is key, which involves patients observing their condition, making judgments, and reacting appropriately. Motivational interviewing can help patients progress through stages of change. Active listening from providers helps address patients' cognitive and emotional needs. Both verbal and nonverbal communication impact the relationship and treatment outcomes. Involving children in their care can improve satisfaction and adherence.
The National guidelines on Pediatric TB diagnosis and treatment were updated based on recent evidence. Key changes include:
1. A new diagnostic algorithm focuses on demonstrating bacteriological evidence and alternative specimens if sputum is unavailable. Tuberculin skin tests and inaccurate diagnostics are not recommended.
2. Seriously ill children may receive daily therapy in the hospital then switch to thrice weekly DOT. New case definitions and six weight bands to determine drug dosages were introduced.
3. Treatment regimens were simplified to two categories. Extensions to intensive and continuation phases were recommended for specific disease types or delayed response. TB preventive therapy dosage increased to 10mg/kg daily for 6 months.
Aderenta la tratamentul inhalator in bolile respiratoriiTraian Mihaescu
The document discusses adherence to inhaler treatment for conditions like asthma and COPD. It begins by explaining how reward circuitry in the brain reinforces behaviors that promote survival. It then defines adherence and compliance, noting that adherence involves active patient participation while compliance is more passive following of doctor's orders. The document outlines factors influencing adherence like treatment complexity and social support. It reviews data showing poor adherence to inhalers and notes lower adherence for pulmonary diseases. Finally, it discusses the importance of patient education and inhaler type on adherence, emphasizing the need for simple, effective treatment plans to improve outcomes.
Respiratory therapists work to treat and care for patients with heart and lung disorders. The field is growing rapidly due to an aging population and increased treatment for lung diseases. Therapists work in hospitals, clinics, and homes to treat conditions like asthma, COPD, and pneumonia. Duties include administering medication and oxygen, assessing patients, and operating ventilators. To become a respiratory therapist, one can earn an associate's or bachelor's degree in respiratory care. The career offers job security, competitive pay, and the opportunity to help others in need of lung care.
This document discusses tachypnoea (rapid breathing) in well babies. It begins by covering the physiology of breathing in infants, noting that respiratory rate typically decreases over the first year of life. It defines tachypnoea in infants as a respiratory rate over 60 breaths per minute. The document emphasizes that accurately measuring respiratory rate can be challenging, and recommends using a stethoscope and taking the rate over a full minute while recording the baby's state. It also discusses periodic breathing patterns seen in infants.
Allergen Skin Test Reactivity and Eosinophilia in Adult Bronchial Asthmatic P...MatiaAhmed
1) The document summarizes a study on allergen skin test reactivity and eosinophilia in adult bronchial asthmatic patients.
2) The study found that the maximum number of asthmatic patients had positive skin prick tests for dust mites. Dust mites were found to be a significant allergen followed by house dust and cockroach.
3) The mean eosinophil count was significantly higher in asthmatic adults compared to healthy subjects. However, the association between positive skin prick tests and increased eosinophil counts was not statistically significant.
4) In conclusion, the study found that dust mites, house dust, and cockroaches are common allerg
The potential application of the traditional Chinese herb Exocarpium Citri gr...LucyPi1
Abstract Huajuhong (Exocarpium Citri grandis, ECG) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine and has been used for the treatment of respiratory diseases for hundreds of years. Recently, ECG has been listed in a traditional Chinese medicine formula in the Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (sixth edition) in China. To date, the effect and mechanism of ECG against respiratory diseases have not been systematically reviewed. In this paper, the researchers summarized the effects of ECG and its pharmacologically active compound naringin in functioning as an antitussive and expectorant, improving lung function, alleviating acute lung injury, attenuating pulmonary fibrosis, and enhancing antiviral immune response, so as to provide a reference for its clinical application in the prevention and treatment of multiple respiratory diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019.
A Quasi Experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Selected Nursing In...iosrjce
A study to assess the effectiveness of selected nursing interventions on health related quality of life
and activities of daily living among COPD patients in selected tertiary hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
The aim of the study was to impart the selected nursing interventions applied to the COPD patients in medical
and pulmonary wards. The conceptual framework used in this study was Widenbach’s Helping art Theory. An
Evaluative approach was used for the present study. Using purposive sampling technique 50 samples were
selected from Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu, India. The tool used was self
administered questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The
findings of the study revealed a significantly increase in the COPD patients health related quality of life and
activities of daily living after given the selected nursing interventions. The mean pre test score was 1867 and
the mean post test score was 1861 and the difference between pre test and post test knowledge score was 5.54.
Based on the objectives of the study the findings of the level of health related quality of life and activities of
daily living among COPD patients shows that increased health related quality of life and activities of daily
living. The study shows that the COPD patients in post test were having post score1861 mean difference
5.54.standard deviation 2.35.p value (0.02). Selected nursing interventions are effective in increasing the health
related qualityof life and activities of daily living among COPD patients.. The findings of the study revealed that
a significantly increased in the post test health related quality of life and activities of daily living after given the
selected nursing interventions
The document discusses the use of inhalational devices in asthma care. It describes various aerosol delivery technologies used including metered-dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, nebulizers, and spacer devices. It emphasizes that the goal of asthma therapy is optimal drug delivery to the lower airways while minimizing deposition in the upper airways. The document provides recommendations for inhaler use and techniques to optimize treatment. It also discusses challenges with various devices and potential solutions through patient education.
This patient presents with an acute exacerbation of asthma. She has a history of asthma and is experiencing tachypnea, shortness of breath, wheezing, and her symptoms are not relieved by her usual medications. On examination, she has tachycardia, tachypnea, use of accessory muscles, decreased breath sounds, and wheezing. Her oxygen saturation is low. Treatment should focus on aggressive use of bronchodilators and systemic corticosteroids to reverse the exacerbation. Close monitoring is needed given the severity of the presentation.
This document summarizes established and emerging therapies for severe asthma exacerbations in children. It discusses the prevalence and severity of asthma, as well as standard therapies like oxygen, steroids, and beta agonists. It also reviews newer approaches like continuous albuterol, IV terbutaline, heliox, magnesium sulfate, and mechanical ventilation strategies. Highlights various clinical patterns of asthma and approaches to managing mild-moderate vs. severe exacerbations.
ROLE OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY IN AYURVEDA- A NEED Vs CHALLENGESsaumyagulati4
This document discusses the role of modern technology in Ayurveda and identifies both needs and challenges. It outlines key areas where technology could advance Ayurveda, including pharmaceutics, pharmacology, diagnostics, and treatment protocols. While technology has potential to validate and globalize Ayurveda, challenges include lack of infrastructure, experienced researchers, cooperation between modern and Ayurvedic scholars, and funding. The conclusion is that updating Ayurveda using modern technology without changing core principles is needed to better serve humanity.
This document discusses the dental management of asthmatic pediatric patients. It begins by defining asthma as a chronic inflammatory airway disorder characterized by recurrent wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness and coughing. It notes that asthma prevalence has increased in children over the past 20 years. The document then discusses the burden of asthma in children, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, medications used to treat and manage asthma, as well as considerations for treating asthmatic patients in a dental setting including avoiding triggers and properly managing acute asthma attacks.
This document provides an overview of acute asthma and recent evidence-based guidelines. It discusses the pathophysiology of asthma and clinical presentation. Updated guidelines from NAEPP, GINA, and ERS/ATS are presented which classify asthma severity and provide stepwise recommendations for pharmacological management. Key points include distinguishing between severe versus uncontrolled asthma, evaluating for treatment non-adherence and comorbidities before diagnosing severe asthma, and emphasizing environmental control and inhaler technique.
1) Traditional African medicines are estimated to cause several thousand deaths annually in South Africa, far exceeding deaths from AIDS. However, the true mortality burden is difficult to determine due to lack of data on causes of death in sub-Saharan Africa.
2) A major study found that traditional African medicines were responsible for over 50% of acute poisoning deaths among black South Africans. However, the problem has been downplayed by health officials and scientists with financial interests in commercializing traditional medicines.
3) Better data collection is needed to accurately measure mortality from traditional African medicines and inform public health policies, as non-communicable diseases like traditional medicine poisoning likely account for a significant portion of deaths.
Asthma is a common chronic disease characterized by inflammation of the airways and reversible airway obstruction. It can be acute, subacute, or chronic. Inhaled medications can control asthma symptoms and allow people to lead normal lives when used properly. Avoiding triggers can also help reduce symptoms. While underdiagnosis and undertreatment remain challenges in low-income countries, asthma affected an estimated 262 million people globally in 2019. Risk factors include family history, other allergies, urban living, and early life exposures. Treatment focuses on controlling symptoms and preventing exacerbations through medications and self-management education. Prognosis depends on severity and degree of control, with few patients experiencing progressive loss of lung function over time.
This document provides a pocket guide for physicians and nurses on asthma management and prevention. It discusses diagnosing asthma based on symptoms of variable respiratory symptoms and expiratory airflow limitation. It provides criteria for diagnosing asthma, including documenting reversibility of airflow limitation. It also discusses assessing asthma control, determining level of symptom control and future risk factors. Treatment is based on a stepwise approach to gain and maintain control of symptoms and minimize future risk.
High altitude pulmonary edema in buddhasothorn hospital a rare case report in...chaichana14
High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE) in Buddhasothorn Hospital: A rare case in Thailand ภาวะ High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) ในโรงพยาบาลพุทธโสธร : รายงานผู้ป่วยหายากในประเทศไทย Chaichana Chantharakhit ,M.D. Department of Medicine, Buddhasothorn Hospital, Chachoengsao, Thailand. ชัยชนะ จันทรคิด , พ.บ. กลุ่มงานอายุรกรรม โรงพยาบาลพุทธโสธร จังหวัดฉะเชิงเทรา ประเทศไทย
The document discusses the need for a refresher course on obstructive airways diseases (OAD) in India. It notes that OADs such as asthma and COPD represent a major health burden in India, with prevalence increasing. However, a large number of OAD cases remain undiagnosed due to underuse of spirometry testing and poor management of patients in clinical practice. Inhaler therapy is also not widely used properly. A refresher course could help address these issues to improve diagnosis and management of OADs in India.
A Brief Study of Efficacy of Homoeopathic Medicines in Controlling Tonsilliti...IOSRJPBS
A Brief study of efficacy of homoeopathic medicines in controlling tonsillitis in paediatric age group, Sri ganganagar, (Raj) India. Background: Tonsillitis is one of the most common conditions in childhood with recurrent attacks which will result in sever complication. Homoeopathy is giving better result in treating tonsillitis both in acute and chronic recurrent episodes. The objective were to evaluate the constitutional remedial action in case of Tonsillitis and to analyze group of constitutional remedies effective in the treatment of tonsillitis in Paediatric age group. Methodology: A hospital based observational study was carried out on Sriganganagar Homoeopathic Medical College, Hospital and Research Center, Sri Ganganagar, Raj. The study group of 30 was selected based on purposive sampling method. This is before and after without control type of experimental study. 30 diagnosed cases were considered. Data collected were analysed and inferred with T test used to calculate. Result: The overall response of the treatment with the help of 10 Homoeopathic medicines. It was observed that out of 30 patients, 18 (60%) patient were cured, 10 (33%) patients improved, 2 (7%) patients showed no response. This study reflects the predominance of Psoric Miasm in the cases of Tonsillitis. Out of 30 cases, 14 ( 46.67%) cases were purely Psoric, 13 (43.33%) cases were Sycosis, 1 (3.33%) cases were Tubercular, 2 ( 6.67%) cases were Syphilis. Conclusion: Homoeopathic constitutional remedies are very effective in treating tonsillitis in paediatric age group. There were no side effects during the treatment.
Propolis Volatile Compounds - Review of its Chemical Diversity and Biological...Bee Healthy Farms
The document reviews the chemical diversity and biological activity of volatile compounds found in propolis, a resinous material collected by bees. Propolis composition varies significantly based on the local plant sources used by bees. Studies have identified many different volatile compounds in propolis samples from around the world. Major constituents include terpenes, aromatic compounds, alcohols, acids, and esters. Sesquiterpenes predominate in European propolis, while other regions contain compounds like monoterpenes, aldehydes, and alkanes. Volatiles contribute to propolis aroma and biological properties like antibacterial activity. Further research on propolis volatiles from additional locations could reveal
Format 2016: how to get asthma control: from PubMed to the tricks of the trade.Envicon Medical Srl
This document discusses strategies for achieving asthma control. It begins by establishing the importance of a partnership between healthcare providers and patients. Effective self-regulation is key, which involves patients observing their condition, making judgments, and reacting appropriately. Motivational interviewing can help patients progress through stages of change. Active listening from providers helps address patients' cognitive and emotional needs. Both verbal and nonverbal communication impact the relationship and treatment outcomes. Involving children in their care can improve satisfaction and adherence.
The National guidelines on Pediatric TB diagnosis and treatment were updated based on recent evidence. Key changes include:
1. A new diagnostic algorithm focuses on demonstrating bacteriological evidence and alternative specimens if sputum is unavailable. Tuberculin skin tests and inaccurate diagnostics are not recommended.
2. Seriously ill children may receive daily therapy in the hospital then switch to thrice weekly DOT. New case definitions and six weight bands to determine drug dosages were introduced.
3. Treatment regimens were simplified to two categories. Extensions to intensive and continuation phases were recommended for specific disease types or delayed response. TB preventive therapy dosage increased to 10mg/kg daily for 6 months.
Aderenta la tratamentul inhalator in bolile respiratoriiTraian Mihaescu
The document discusses adherence to inhaler treatment for conditions like asthma and COPD. It begins by explaining how reward circuitry in the brain reinforces behaviors that promote survival. It then defines adherence and compliance, noting that adherence involves active patient participation while compliance is more passive following of doctor's orders. The document outlines factors influencing adherence like treatment complexity and social support. It reviews data showing poor adherence to inhalers and notes lower adherence for pulmonary diseases. Finally, it discusses the importance of patient education and inhaler type on adherence, emphasizing the need for simple, effective treatment plans to improve outcomes.
Respiratory therapists work to treat and care for patients with heart and lung disorders. The field is growing rapidly due to an aging population and increased treatment for lung diseases. Therapists work in hospitals, clinics, and homes to treat conditions like asthma, COPD, and pneumonia. Duties include administering medication and oxygen, assessing patients, and operating ventilators. To become a respiratory therapist, one can earn an associate's or bachelor's degree in respiratory care. The career offers job security, competitive pay, and the opportunity to help others in need of lung care.
This document discusses tachypnoea (rapid breathing) in well babies. It begins by covering the physiology of breathing in infants, noting that respiratory rate typically decreases over the first year of life. It defines tachypnoea in infants as a respiratory rate over 60 breaths per minute. The document emphasizes that accurately measuring respiratory rate can be challenging, and recommends using a stethoscope and taking the rate over a full minute while recording the baby's state. It also discusses periodic breathing patterns seen in infants.
Allergen Skin Test Reactivity and Eosinophilia in Adult Bronchial Asthmatic P...MatiaAhmed
1) The document summarizes a study on allergen skin test reactivity and eosinophilia in adult bronchial asthmatic patients.
2) The study found that the maximum number of asthmatic patients had positive skin prick tests for dust mites. Dust mites were found to be a significant allergen followed by house dust and cockroach.
3) The mean eosinophil count was significantly higher in asthmatic adults compared to healthy subjects. However, the association between positive skin prick tests and increased eosinophil counts was not statistically significant.
4) In conclusion, the study found that dust mites, house dust, and cockroaches are common allerg
The potential application of the traditional Chinese herb Exocarpium Citri gr...LucyPi1
Abstract Huajuhong (Exocarpium Citri grandis, ECG) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine and has been used for the treatment of respiratory diseases for hundreds of years. Recently, ECG has been listed in a traditional Chinese medicine formula in the Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (sixth edition) in China. To date, the effect and mechanism of ECG against respiratory diseases have not been systematically reviewed. In this paper, the researchers summarized the effects of ECG and its pharmacologically active compound naringin in functioning as an antitussive and expectorant, improving lung function, alleviating acute lung injury, attenuating pulmonary fibrosis, and enhancing antiviral immune response, so as to provide a reference for its clinical application in the prevention and treatment of multiple respiratory diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019.
A Quasi Experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Selected Nursing In...iosrjce
A study to assess the effectiveness of selected nursing interventions on health related quality of life
and activities of daily living among COPD patients in selected tertiary hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
The aim of the study was to impart the selected nursing interventions applied to the COPD patients in medical
and pulmonary wards. The conceptual framework used in this study was Widenbach’s Helping art Theory. An
Evaluative approach was used for the present study. Using purposive sampling technique 50 samples were
selected from Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu, India. The tool used was self
administered questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The
findings of the study revealed a significantly increase in the COPD patients health related quality of life and
activities of daily living after given the selected nursing interventions. The mean pre test score was 1867 and
the mean post test score was 1861 and the difference between pre test and post test knowledge score was 5.54.
Based on the objectives of the study the findings of the level of health related quality of life and activities of
daily living among COPD patients shows that increased health related quality of life and activities of daily
living. The study shows that the COPD patients in post test were having post score1861 mean difference
5.54.standard deviation 2.35.p value (0.02). Selected nursing interventions are effective in increasing the health
related qualityof life and activities of daily living among COPD patients.. The findings of the study revealed that
a significantly increased in the post test health related quality of life and activities of daily living after given the
selected nursing interventions
The document discusses the use of inhalational devices in asthma care. It describes various aerosol delivery technologies used including metered-dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, nebulizers, and spacer devices. It emphasizes that the goal of asthma therapy is optimal drug delivery to the lower airways while minimizing deposition in the upper airways. The document provides recommendations for inhaler use and techniques to optimize treatment. It also discusses challenges with various devices and potential solutions through patient education.
This patient presents with an acute exacerbation of asthma. She has a history of asthma and is experiencing tachypnea, shortness of breath, wheezing, and her symptoms are not relieved by her usual medications. On examination, she has tachycardia, tachypnea, use of accessory muscles, decreased breath sounds, and wheezing. Her oxygen saturation is low. Treatment should focus on aggressive use of bronchodilators and systemic corticosteroids to reverse the exacerbation. Close monitoring is needed given the severity of the presentation.
This document summarizes established and emerging therapies for severe asthma exacerbations in children. It discusses the prevalence and severity of asthma, as well as standard therapies like oxygen, steroids, and beta agonists. It also reviews newer approaches like continuous albuterol, IV terbutaline, heliox, magnesium sulfate, and mechanical ventilation strategies. Highlights various clinical patterns of asthma and approaches to managing mild-moderate vs. severe exacerbations.
ROLE OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY IN AYURVEDA- A NEED Vs CHALLENGESsaumyagulati4
This document discusses the role of modern technology in Ayurveda and identifies both needs and challenges. It outlines key areas where technology could advance Ayurveda, including pharmaceutics, pharmacology, diagnostics, and treatment protocols. While technology has potential to validate and globalize Ayurveda, challenges include lack of infrastructure, experienced researchers, cooperation between modern and Ayurvedic scholars, and funding. The conclusion is that updating Ayurveda using modern technology without changing core principles is needed to better serve humanity.
This document discusses the dental management of asthmatic pediatric patients. It begins by defining asthma as a chronic inflammatory airway disorder characterized by recurrent wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness and coughing. It notes that asthma prevalence has increased in children over the past 20 years. The document then discusses the burden of asthma in children, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, medications used to treat and manage asthma, as well as considerations for treating asthmatic patients in a dental setting including avoiding triggers and properly managing acute asthma attacks.
This document provides an overview of acute asthma and recent evidence-based guidelines. It discusses the pathophysiology of asthma and clinical presentation. Updated guidelines from NAEPP, GINA, and ERS/ATS are presented which classify asthma severity and provide stepwise recommendations for pharmacological management. Key points include distinguishing between severe versus uncontrolled asthma, evaluating for treatment non-adherence and comorbidities before diagnosing severe asthma, and emphasizing environmental control and inhaler technique.
1) Traditional African medicines are estimated to cause several thousand deaths annually in South Africa, far exceeding deaths from AIDS. However, the true mortality burden is difficult to determine due to lack of data on causes of death in sub-Saharan Africa.
2) A major study found that traditional African medicines were responsible for over 50% of acute poisoning deaths among black South Africans. However, the problem has been downplayed by health officials and scientists with financial interests in commercializing traditional medicines.
3) Better data collection is needed to accurately measure mortality from traditional African medicines and inform public health policies, as non-communicable diseases like traditional medicine poisoning likely account for a significant portion of deaths.
Asthma is a common chronic disease characterized by inflammation of the airways and reversible airway obstruction. It can be acute, subacute, or chronic. Inhaled medications can control asthma symptoms and allow people to lead normal lives when used properly. Avoiding triggers can also help reduce symptoms. While underdiagnosis and undertreatment remain challenges in low-income countries, asthma affected an estimated 262 million people globally in 2019. Risk factors include family history, other allergies, urban living, and early life exposures. Treatment focuses on controlling symptoms and preventing exacerbations through medications and self-management education. Prognosis depends on severity and degree of control, with few patients experiencing progressive loss of lung function over time.
This document provides a pocket guide for physicians and nurses on asthma management and prevention. It discusses diagnosing asthma based on symptoms of variable respiratory symptoms and expiratory airflow limitation. It provides criteria for diagnosing asthma, including documenting reversibility of airflow limitation. It also discusses assessing asthma control, determining level of symptom control and future risk factors. Treatment is based on a stepwise approach to gain and maintain control of symptoms and minimize future risk.
High altitude pulmonary edema in buddhasothorn hospital a rare case report in...chaichana14
High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE) in Buddhasothorn Hospital: A rare case in Thailand ภาวะ High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) ในโรงพยาบาลพุทธโสธร : รายงานผู้ป่วยหายากในประเทศไทย Chaichana Chantharakhit ,M.D. Department of Medicine, Buddhasothorn Hospital, Chachoengsao, Thailand. ชัยชนะ จันทรคิด , พ.บ. กลุ่มงานอายุรกรรม โรงพยาบาลพุทธโสธร จังหวัดฉะเชิงเทรา ประเทศไทย
The document discusses the need for a refresher course on obstructive airways diseases (OAD) in India. It notes that OADs such as asthma and COPD represent a major health burden in India, with prevalence increasing. However, a large number of OAD cases remain undiagnosed due to underuse of spirometry testing and poor management of patients in clinical practice. Inhaler therapy is also not widely used properly. A refresher course could help address these issues to improve diagnosis and management of OADs in India.
A Brief Study of Efficacy of Homoeopathic Medicines in Controlling Tonsilliti...IOSRJPBS
A Brief study of efficacy of homoeopathic medicines in controlling tonsillitis in paediatric age group, Sri ganganagar, (Raj) India. Background: Tonsillitis is one of the most common conditions in childhood with recurrent attacks which will result in sever complication. Homoeopathy is giving better result in treating tonsillitis both in acute and chronic recurrent episodes. The objective were to evaluate the constitutional remedial action in case of Tonsillitis and to analyze group of constitutional remedies effective in the treatment of tonsillitis in Paediatric age group. Methodology: A hospital based observational study was carried out on Sriganganagar Homoeopathic Medical College, Hospital and Research Center, Sri Ganganagar, Raj. The study group of 30 was selected based on purposive sampling method. This is before and after without control type of experimental study. 30 diagnosed cases were considered. Data collected were analysed and inferred with T test used to calculate. Result: The overall response of the treatment with the help of 10 Homoeopathic medicines. It was observed that out of 30 patients, 18 (60%) patient were cured, 10 (33%) patients improved, 2 (7%) patients showed no response. This study reflects the predominance of Psoric Miasm in the cases of Tonsillitis. Out of 30 cases, 14 ( 46.67%) cases were purely Psoric, 13 (43.33%) cases were Sycosis, 1 (3.33%) cases were Tubercular, 2 ( 6.67%) cases were Syphilis. Conclusion: Homoeopathic constitutional remedies are very effective in treating tonsillitis in paediatric age group. There were no side effects during the treatment.
Propolis Volatile Compounds - Review of its Chemical Diversity and Biological...Bee Healthy Farms
The document reviews the chemical diversity and biological activity of volatile compounds found in propolis, a resinous material collected by bees. Propolis composition varies significantly based on the local plant sources used by bees. Studies have identified many different volatile compounds in propolis samples from around the world. Major constituents include terpenes, aromatic compounds, alcohols, acids, and esters. Sesquiterpenes predominate in European propolis, while other regions contain compounds like monoterpenes, aldehydes, and alkanes. Volatiles contribute to propolis aroma and biological properties like antibacterial activity. Further research on propolis volatiles from additional locations could reveal
This document contains a list of various articles of clothing including t-shirts, hats, shorts, skirts, socks, shoes, ties, shirts, dresses, trousers, pajamas, swimsuits, gloves, mittens, coats, jeans, waistcoats, suits, sweaters, jackets, vests, overalls, raincoats, uniforms, gloves, scarves, boots, and sandals.
Propolis with its active component CAPE (Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester) stops breast cancer cell growth. These results of CAPE are present in the naturopathic formulation
of propolis, a widely available natural substance with an extended safety record, making it a naturally-occurring and readily available epigenetic agent with great potential in breast cancer and oncology in general. The ability to link the biological effects of a naturopathic remedy to the pharmacologic effects seen with an exciting class of drugs in the treatment of cancer opens the door to a host of new therapeutic opportunities for patients.
The study investigated the effects of propolis on oxidative stress markers in the liver tissue of rats whose nitric oxide synthase was inhibited. Rats were given L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, for 15 days to induce hypertension and oxidative stress. Some rats were also given an ethanol extract of propolis for the last 5 days. Results showed that L-NAME increased lipid peroxidation and decreased catalase activity and nitric oxide levels in the liver, indicating increased oxidative stress. However, administration of propolis suppressed these effects of L-NAME by reducing lipid peroxidation and increasing catalase activity and nitric oxide levels in the liver tissue. Thus, propolis has antioxidant properties that can protect against oxidative
Bee venom protects kidneys from cancer drug toxicityBee Healthy Farms
This study is good news for those receiving cancer treatment from a potent anticancer drug, Cisplatin, known to damage the kidneys. The results with mice found bee venom provided protection for the kidneys against the drug's negative side effects.
Propolis as an adjuvant in the treatment of Chronic PeriodontitisBee Healthy Farms
Periodontitis has multifactorial causes with the primary being pathogenic bacteria that reside in the subgingival area and possess potent mechanisms of damaging host defences. Inflammatory responses triggered in response to periodontal pathogens are the major events responsible for periodontal destruction.
Propolis has been used for the treatment of aphthous ulcers, candidiasis, gingivitis, periodontitis, and pulpitis. Studies on propolis applications have increased because of its therapeutic and biological properties. A study evaluated the antibacterial action of propolis against certain anaerobic oral pathogens and found it to be very effective.
This study assessed the safety and efficacy of the herbal cough syrup Mykoff in 50 patients with coughs of various causes. 84% of patients experienced excellent or good relief of cough symptoms. Cough severity, frequency, chest discomfort and sputum quantity all significantly decreased over the course of treatment. Most patients found the remedy acceptable. Only one adverse event occurred, deemed unlikely related to the medication. The study concluded that Mykoff is an effective and safe treatment for coughs of short duration from various etiologies.
Prophylactic Aminophylline for Prevention of Apnea at Higher-Risk Preterm Neo...amir mohammad Armanian
1. The study assessed the prophylactic effects of aminophylline on apnea in preterm neonates with a gestational age less than 32 weeks and/or birth weight less than 1200g.
2. 52 neonates were randomly assigned to receive either aminophylline (group A) or no aminophylline (group C) for the first 10 days.
3. Primary outcomes like apnea, bradycardia and cyanosis were significantly lower in the aminophylline group compared to the control group. Secondary outcomes like need for CPAP and length of hospital stay were also lower in the aminophylline group.
Running head RESPIRATORY CLINICAL CASE .docxtodd521
Running head: RESPIRATORY CLINICAL CASE 1
RESPIRATORY CLINICAL CASE 2
Respiratory Clinical Case
Ram Pandey
South University Online
Dr. Judith Cornelius
NSG 6001
Date: 04/08/2019
Patient Initials: CF Gender: Female Age: 65
Subjective Data
Chief Complaint
Patient comes to the clinic with the chief complaints of shortness of breath, wheezing and mild coughing.
HPI
For the last 2 months, patient has experienced asthma attacks on average more than 4 times a week, posttraumatic seizure 2 weeks after the accident and serious MVA 10 weeks ago. Anticonvulsant phenytoin started recently and there has not been any seizure activity since the initiation of therapy.
PMH
Patient has a history of periodic asthma attacks dating back to her early 20s. Three years ago, patient was diagnosed with mild congestive heart failure and placed on hydrochlorothiazide and sodium restrictive diet. Last year, CF placed on enalapril because of worsening CHF. Medication has controlled the symptoms relatively well the last year. Apart from enalapril, other medications prescribed for the patient include albuterol inhaler, theophylline SR capsules 300 mg PO BID, and PRN Phenytoin SR capsules 300 mg PO QHS. She has no known allergies. Patient has not had any surgeries.
Family History
The patient’s parents are both deceased. Her father succumbed to kidney failure at age 59 while her mother died of CHF aged 62
Social History
Patient attests that she is a nonsmoker and she does not consume alcohol. She takes four cups of diet colas and the same number of coffee cups
ROS
Positive for cough, wheezing, exercise intolerance and shortness of breath. Denies seizures, headaches and swelling of extremities
Gen
Pale, well-developed Caucasian female appearing to be anxious. HEENT: PERRLA, oral cavity without lesions, TM without signs of inflammation, no nystagmus noted. Abdomen: non-tender, soft, non-distended no masses. Chest: Bilateral expiratory wheezes. Cardio: Regular rate and rhythm normal S1 and S2. Rectal: Guaiac negative. GU: Unremarkable. NEURO: A&O X3, cranial nerves intact. EXT: +1 ankle edema, on right, no bruising, normal pulses.
Objective Data
Vital Signs: BP 171/94, HR 122, RR 31, T 96.7 F, Wt 145, Ht 5’ 3”. After the albuterol treatment, vital signs are BP 134/79, HR 80, and RR 18
Physical Assessment and Diagnostic Testing: Na – 134, K - 4.9, Cl – 100 (all within normal limits), BUN – 21, Cr - 1.2, Glu – 110, Theophylline - 6.2, Phenytoin – 17, ALT – 24, AST – 27, Total Chol – 190 (substantially high, predicted moderate restriction). CBC – WNL, Chest Xray – Blunting of the left and right costophrenic angles, Peak Flow – 75/min (relatively low, normal should be between 80-100/min); after albuterol – 102/min, FEV1 – 1.8 L; FVC 3.0 L, FEV1/FVC 60% (predicted moderate obstruc.
This document discusses a study on using Phatak's Repertory to treat respiratory diseases in children. It provides background on repertories and Phatak's Repertory. The study aimed to evaluate the scope and limitations of Phatak's Repertory in treating children's respiratory diseases. 30 cases of acute and chronic respiratory diseases in children were treated using Phatak's Repertory. Most cases were school-aged children from average socioeconomic families with a family history of respiratory or other miasmatic diseases. Results showed improvement in most acute cases and recovery in many chronic cases.
This document discusses a study on the use of Phatak's Repertory in treating respiratory diseases in children. 30 cases of acute and chronic respiratory diseases in children of different ages and socioeconomic backgrounds were treated over 12 months. The cases were analyzed and medicines selected using Phatak's Repertory. The results found 53.3% of cases recovered, 30% improved, and 16.6% saw no improvement. While the repertory has limitations due to fewer rubrics and remedies compared to other repertories, it was found to be useful in selecting similimums in pediatric respiratory cases in the shortest time based on its inclusion of modalities, causations, and pathological generals.
This document summarizes an article from the journal Asthma in General Practice. The article investigates the underpresentation of shortness of breath symptoms to general practitioners in the general population without a confirmed diagnosis of obstructive airways disease. Of 285 people who experienced shortness of breath in the past year, only 93 (33%) had ever consulted their GP for this. Neither perception of symptoms nor psychological factors could explain the underpresentation. A random sample of over 1,000 people was screened for respiratory symptoms, and those reporting shortness of breath were studied further. While shortness of breath was common, most people did not seek medical help for it. This suggests that underpresentation, not underdiagnosis, contributes significantly to the
Honey for Treatment of Cough in Children - Feasibility StudyBee Healthy Farms
Respiratory tract infections are an important health problem because of high incidence and economic costs. The World Health Organization identifies honey as a potential demulcent treatment for cough. This study concludes that a RCT (randomized controlled trial) to determine the effects of honey versus placebo is feasible.
CRITIQUE ON Effect of 0.12% Chlorhexidine Oral Rinse on Preventing Hospital-A...manjunathbeth1
This study examined the effect of 0.12% chlorhexidine oral rinse on preventing hospital-acquired pneumonia in non-ventilated inpatients. A randomized, double-blind, triple-arm clinical trial was conducted with 103 patients aged 50 or older who were randomly assigned to one of three groups: 0.12% chlorhexidine rinse, Listerine rinse, or saline rinse. Outcome measures including incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia, oral health, bacterial load, and clinical pneumonia index scale were evaluated and compared between the groups at various timepoints. The results suggested that the chlorhexidine rinse was more effective at reducing risk of hospital-acquired pneumonia and improving oral health compared to
An observational clinical study on the effectiveness of the aqueous leaf extr...Alexander Decker
This study evaluated the effectiveness of an aqueous leaf extract of Lippia multiflora in reducing blood pressure in 28 hypertensive patients over 4 weeks. Participants prepared an infusion from 30g of dried leaves boiled in water, taken twice daily. Results showed a significant decline in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, with mean reductions of 11.6 mmHg and 6.43 mmHg respectively. The extract demonstrated potential as an antihypertensive agent through properties like diuresis, smooth muscle relaxation, and lipid lowering effects. Further research is warranted to explore higher dosages or modified formulations.
This document discusses acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in India. It notes that ARIs affect over 700 million people annually in India and cause over 52 million cases of pneumonia. Mortality from ARIs ranges from 3,200 to 6,900 deaths annually. Risk factors for ARIs include low literacy, suboptimal breastfeeding, malnutrition, and unsatisfactory immunization coverage. Common types of ARIs discussed include the common cold, croup, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies for ARIs are also outlined.
This document summarizes several research studies that have investigated the physiological effects and potential therapeutic applications of wet cupping therapy. Specifically, the studies found that wet cupping therapy can reduce oxidative stress biomarkers, restore autonomic nervous system balance, reduce pain and improve function for neck pain patients, and may have benefits for over 120 medical conditions according to traditional Persian medicine texts. However, the document also notes that many cupping studies to date have been of low methodological quality.
Does Liuzijue Qigong affect anxiety in patients with chronic obstructive pulm...LucyPi1
Abstract Background: Anxiety is a common comorbidity associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but no well-recognized method can provide effective relief. Liuzijue Qigong (LQG) is a traditional Chinese fitness method, based on breath pronunciation. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of LQG to relieve anxiety in COPD patients and to explore the factors that influence anxiety, including whether LQG is effective during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Methods: We conducted an open-label, randomized, controlled, clinical trial. A total of 60 patients with stable COPD were randomly assigned to two groups. Both groups were given routine medical treatment, and the patients in the pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) group were given an extra intervention in the form of LQG, performed for 30 minutes each day for 12 weeks. Data collection was performed at baseline and 12 weeks (during the COVID-19 epidemic). The primary outcomes were the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) scores, and the secondary outcomes were relevant information during the epidemic and analyses of the related factors that influenced SAS scores during the COVID-19 outbreak. Results: Compared with baseline, patients in both groups demonstrated varying degrees of improvements in their SAS scores (all P < 0.01). An analysis of covariance, adjusted for baseline scores, indicated that the SAS scores improved more dramatically in the PR group than in the control group (F = 9.539, P = 0.004). During the outbreak, the SAS scores for sleep disorder were higher than all other factors, reaching 1.38 ± 0.67, and the scores for “I can breathe in and out easily” for the PR group were lower than the scores for the control group (Z = −2.108, P = 0.035). Significant differences were identified between the two groups for the categories “How much has the outbreak affected your life”, “Do you practice LQG during the epidemic” and “Do you practice other exercises during the epidemic” (all P < 0.05). Compared with current reports, LQG had a relatively high adherence rate (80.95%). A multiple linear regression analysis revealed multiple predictors for SAS scores during the outbreak: group (b = −3.907, t = −3.824, P < 0.001), COPD assessment test score (b = 0.309, t = 2.876, P = 0.006), SAS score at baseline (b = 0.189, t = 3.074, P = 0.004), and living in a village (b = 4.886, t = 2.085, P = 0.043). Conclusion: LQG could effectively reduce the risks of anxiety among COPD patients, even during the COVID-19 outbreak. For those COPD patients with high COPD assessment test and high baseline SAS scores or who live in villages, we should reinforce the management and intervention of psychological factors during the epidemic.
Is Lignocaine Preconditioning Effective to Treat Severe Pulmonary Vasoconstri...semualkaira
Protamine is a low molecular weight protein fraction (5.5-13.0 kDa) that is rich in basic arginine (67%) and lysine amino acids. They are basic polypeptides that neutralize the strongly negatively charged heparin. This study was aimed to explore the effect of lignocaine preconditioning on protamine-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction, which is used to reverse the effect of heparin during cardiac surgery. This was a prospective, single-center, double- blind and randomized study performed among eighty pediatric patients of either sex in the age group between 1 to 12 years with a cyanotic congenital heart disease, scheduled for elective on-pump cardiac surgery under general Anaesthesia.
Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien dalam Pelayanan Konseling Kefarmasian Berbasis Al-Qur...Aji Wibowo
This study examined the satisfaction levels of hypertensive patients with two types of pharmacy counseling - usual care counseling and counseling with Al-Quran recitation - at a pharmacy in Indonesia. A survey found that most patients were satisfied with both types of counseling and there was no significant difference in satisfaction levels between the two groups. Both counseling methods can be applied to improve patient satisfaction with pharmacy services.
This document contains two abstracts from the 14th International Congress on Infectious Diseases.
The first abstract reports on a study that found a high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among Bhutanese refugees in Nepal. Medical screening of over 23,000 refugees found a prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed TB of 644 per 100,000, much higher than previous estimates. Sputum culture detected more cases than smear testing alone. Drug resistance testing found some multi-drug resistant and mono-resistant cases.
The second abstract examines tobacco use among newly diagnosed TB patients in North Malaysia. It found smoking prevalence of 40.27% current and 13.95% former smokers. A survey found patients had deficiencies in tobacco knowledge but
In vitro evaluation of transdermal permeation effects of Fu’s cupping therapy...LucyPi1
Abstract In this study, six kinetics models of indomethacin hydrophilic gel patch transdermal in vitro release was established, including zero-level, first-order, Higuchi-level, Ritger-Peppas, Weibull and Hixcon-Crowell dynamic equations. The chemical permeation enhancers, including 3% and 5% Azone, and iontophoresis were used as the control. Transdermal diffusion tests were performed in vitro and indomethacin was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography system. The transdermal parameter of the Higuchi and Weibull dynamic equations, indicated that Fu’s cupping therapy (FCT) could significantly improve Higuchi and Weibull kinetic parameters in vitro transdermal, increased transdermal rate and permeability coefficient, reduced lagging time. Additionally, statistical analysis speculated the skin barrier function could be restored after 46 h treatment. Hence, as a new physical transdermal drug delivery technology, transdermal permeation effects produced by FCT are obvious, which has the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine and has important clinical application value.
Bee venom and propolis effective in treating psoriasisBee Healthy Farms
Apitherapy entails the medical use of honey bee products as bee venom and propolis. The objective of this study is to evaluate bee venom and propolis as a new therapeutic modality for localized plaque psoriasis.
Occurrence of COPD in Patients with Respiratory Allergy: A Clinico-Spirometri...DR. SUJOY MUKHERJEE
This study evaluated the occurrence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in patients with respiratory allergy symptoms. 550 patients aged 18-60 years with chronic respiratory symptoms were divided into two groups - those with symptoms of respiratory allergy like nasal congestion and sneezing (n=260) and those without allergy symptoms (n=290). Both groups underwent spirometric testing and were categorized based on lung function. The study found that 18.97% of the non-allergic group had COPD, compared to only 7.69% of the allergic group, and this difference was statistically significant. Additionally, post-bronchodilator spirometry values were significantly lower in the non-
Yagyapathy: A Holistic Approach for Treatment of Severe Disease by Indian Sys...iosrjce
This document discusses Yagyapathy, an Indian system of medicine that uses the burning of herbal materials to treat various physiological and pathological disorders. It presents results from a study on the effects of Yagyapathy exposure on hematological and biochemical parameters in human volunteers. The study found that Yagyapathy treatment over 3 weeks significantly improved various blood parameters in patients with conditions like bronchial asthma, bringing many markers closer to normal levels and relieving symptoms. This indicates Yagyapathy is an effective and economical treatment approach for some chronic diseases.
Similar to Honey with Coffee Calms Persistent Coughs (20)
Voici une reference pour les plantes, les arbustes et les arbes qui donne le nectar et pollen necessaire pour les abeilles.
A listing of plants, bushes and trees that are rich in nectar and pollen for bees.
Naturopathic Air Purification - Holistic Healing with PropolisBee Healthy Farms
A naturopathic solution to breathing holistic air using the purifying properties of propolis. A review of scientific studies and testimonials from the use of Propolair diffusers to cleanse air of microbes, mold and pollutants. Presented at CMACC, Oct 26, 2018 in Providence RI.
Natural resin association with incense and propolis in zootechnologyBee Healthy Farms
Incense and propolis have common origins and composition. Though their content may differ - terpenes are prevalent in incense; flavanoids, aromatic acids and esters in propolis - their use for the treatment of human and animal diseases has been well-known since the earliest times.
On the basis of this preliminary data, we conclude that propolis and incense can be employed in zootechnology, to sanitise the closed environments of breeding farms.
Antiplaque efficacy of propolis based herbal toothpaste-a crossover clinical ...Bee Healthy Farms
This Dental School crossover clinical study found propolis toothpaste to be safe and effective in reducing plaque accumulation when compared to Miswak and Colgate total toothpaste.
Propolis in the field of dentistry is tough. It responds very well when in contact with mucous linings of the body. This super antioxidant also delivers antimicrobial, antifungal and antiseptic properties which make it very adaptable to numerous conditions found out of balance.
Brazilian Red Propolis Attenuates Hypertension and Renal DamageBee Healthy Farms
1. Brazilian Red Propolis (RP) attenuated hypertension, proteinuria, kidney damage, and inflammation in a rat model of chronic kidney disease (CKD) induced by 5/6 renal ablation.
2. RP treatment reduced serum creatinine, glomerulosclerosis, renal macrophage infiltration, and oxidative stress compared to untreated CKD rats.
3. The renoprotective effects of RP may be due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which can reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in the kidney.
Propolis - The Natural Antibiotic against MRSA, Candida, and MoreBee Healthy Farms
Propolis is made from the resins of trees and other plants, gathered by honey bees and instinctively chosen for the active components contained within. They then modify it by adding enzymes and beeswax for use within the hive. Extensive research worldwide has found that these rich components of flavonoids, polyphenols and vitamins provide antifungal, antibacterial and antiviral properties.
Diabetes mellitus is spreading around the world, penetrating populations not only in poor and developing countries, but also in developed ones. Propolis, a complex resinous material collected by honey bees from buds and exudates of certain plant sources, containing flavonoids pinocebrin, galangin, chrysin, and caffeic acid phenethyl ester.
The use of propolis as an alternative healing therapy for type-2 diabetes mellitus has been claimed to alleviate the disease. Previous studies state that propolis improves normal homeostasis by balancing the body’s condition through the enhancement of the immune system. The histological analysis of the liver shows that at a dose of 50–200 mg/kg BW propolis does not show a toxic effect so that the dose is categorized safe.
Therefore, the ethanolic soluble derivative of propolis (EEP) extract warrant further studies as an antidiabetic agent that is safe for humans.
Reduced toxicity achieved in liver, spleen and pancreas with ApitherapyBee Healthy Farms
The human body is exposed nowadays to increasing attacks by toxic compounds in air pollution, industrially processed foods, alcohol and drug consumption that increase liver toxicity, leading to more and more severe cases of hepatic disorders. This study evaluated the influence of an Apitherapy diet in Wistar rats with carbon
tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity, by analyzing the biochemical determinations (enzymatic, lipid and protein profiles, coagulation parameters, minerals, blood count parameters, bilirubin levels) and histopathological changes at the level of liver, spleen and pancreas.
The Department of Agriculture, Food and Marine advises Irish beekeepers of traces of lead found in Irish honey between 2010 through 2013.
Though an investigation is ongoing as to the cause(s) of the contamination, it provides beekeepers 4 points to follow in order to avoid contact with lead.
Indian Mustard Bee Pollen Exhibits High Antioxidant ContentBee Healthy Farms
This study was designed to investigate the nutraceutical potential of monofloral Indian mustard bee pollen. It was found to be a rich source of nutrients providing high caloric value, making it a candidate for a potential nutraceutical agent. The study also found it possesses a high antioxidant content, especially in the principle polyphenols and flavonoids, which suggests its potential role in the prevention of free radical-implicated diseases. The DPPH-scavenging effect of this Indian mustard bee pollen further confirmed its antioxidant potential.
A review of the history, research and clinical studies conducted with Propolair propolis vaporizers and diffusers. Manufactured by the Italian company, Kontak, it was invented by a beekeeper to aid those with respiratory ailments.
Clinical studies confirm its antibacterial effectiveness, as well as its capacity to clean the air of carcinogenic pollutants.
New research reveals it possesses the richest flavonoid content of important phenolic acids and compounds in this unique blend of Italian propolis. To date, these units are used in clinics, nurseries, hospitals, offices and homes around the world.
Ethiopian Propolis - Characteristics and Chemical CompositionBee Healthy Farms
Propolis is a sticky material mixed by honeybees to utilize it in protecting their hives from infection by bacteria and fungi. The therapeutic properties of propolis are due to its chemical composition with bio-active compounds. These propolis samples indicate that they are potential sources of natural bio-active compounds for biological and pharmacological applications. A unique compound was discovered which hasn't been found in other global studies of propolis.
The results of the study show a promising role of Acacia Honey, a natural product with proven therapeutic effects on skin wound healing. It accelerated the initial stage of corneal wound healing without the side effects found when using conventional treatments which contain preservatives. Corneal keratocytes cultured in media supplemented with 0.025% Acacia Honey showed an increase in proliferative capacity while retaining their morphology, gene and protein expressions with normal cell cycle.
Greek Honeys Exhibit Phenolic Acids with Antiatherogenic, Anticancer and Anti...Bee Healthy Farms
Greek honeys are rich in phenolic acids, in particular protocatechuic and p-hydroxybenzoic acid and exhibit significant antioxidant, anticancer and antiatherogenic activities which may be attributed, at least in part, to their phenolic acid content.
Honey Eye Drops Effective in Treating ConjunctivitisBee Healthy Farms
A double-blind study trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical honey eye drops in 60 patients with diagnosed Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC). This study aimed to determine the effect of honey drops on the symptoms of VKC and it was designed to find out a way to reduce the amount of corticosteroid usage. The results of this study showed that the use of honey drops in the treatment of VKC caused eye redness to improve, the limbal papillae to reduce, and allergic symptoms to improve.
This study investigated an anticancer effect of different honeys from Poland on tumor cell line - glioblastoma multiforme U87MG. Anti-proliferative activity of honeys and its interferences with temozolomide were determined by a cytotoxicity test and DNA binding by [H3]-thymidine incorporation. Results suggest that Polish honeys have an anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic effect on U87MG cell line. Therefore, natural bee honey can be considered as a promising adjuvant treatment for brain tumors
Neuroprotective responses of propolis and select flavonoidsBee Healthy Farms
The beneficial effects of propolis on human health and neurological diseases. Table describes the neuroprotective properties and biological activity of propolis and select flavonoids commonly found in propolis.
Antioxidant Activity and Biological Effects of Propolis ExplainedBee Healthy Farms
A thorough summary by Polish researchers of the magnificent properties of propolis. As stated below, "despite its variety, it is always highly biologically active". With over 300 compounds there are many applications in treating and preventing chronic diseases. Properties include: antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic, antiatherogenic, cardiovascular effects, estrogenic effects, anti-diabetic effects, anti-HIV activity and reparative-regenerative effects.
The high intake of refined sugars, mainly fructose has been implicated in the epidemiology of metabolic diseases in adults and children. With an aim to determine whether honey can substitute refined sugars without adverse effect, the long term efects of natural honey and cane syrup have been compared on visceral morphology in growing rats fed from neonatal age. Honey enhanced intestinal villi growth and did not cause pathology in the rodents' abdominal viscera, such as fatty degenerations in the liver.
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdfJim Jacob Roy
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
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Honey with Coffee Calms Persistent Coughs
1. Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
No.2, Vol. 23, Serial No.63, Spring-2011
1
Honey with Coffee: A new finding in the treatment of
Persistent Postinfectious Cough
* Mohammad-Ali Raeessi1
, Jafar Aslani2
, Homa Gharaie3
, Ali-Akbar Karimi Zarchi4
, Neda Raeessi5
,
Shervin Assari6
Abstract
Introduction:
Persistent postinfectious cough (PPC) is a cough that persists longer than 3 weeks or perhaps
for many months after a common cold or an upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). PPC has
poor response to routine treatment modalities, so it can be a vexing problem for the patient and
the physician alike. Our hypothesis was that honey and/or coffee have some beneficial effects
in the treatment of PPC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects of coffee
and/or honey in the treatment of patients with PPC.
Materials and Methods:
This was a double blind randomized clinical trial, conducted on adult patients during a 6-year
period from 2003 to 2009. Included in this study were 84 adult participants that had
experienced PPC longer than 3 weeks. All of them had the history of several referrals to
different physicians and despite treatment, their cough had persisted. Patients with other
causes of chronic cough, or systemic disease or with abnormal routine laboratory tests were
excluded. All the included 84 participants were distributed into three groups. For all the
participants, a jam-like paste was prepared. Each 600 grams of the product consisted of "70
grams original instant coffee" in the first regimen, "500 grams of honey" in the second
regimen and "70 grams of instant coffee plus 500 grams of honey" in the third regimen. These
participants were told to dissolve 25 grams of the prescribed product in about 200 CC
of warm
water (under 60o C
), and drink this solution every 8 hours for one week. All the participants
were evaluated before and at the end of the first week of their treatment, to measure the
frequency of their cough. In addition they were under observation for the first month.
Results:
Comparing the effectiveness of all three treatment regimens, this study found "honey with
coffee" as the most effective treatment modality for PPC (P<0.001).
Conclusions:
Combination of honey and coffee can successfully treat the PPC at a short time. Thus, it is
recommended for the treatment of PPC.
Keywords: Coffee, Honey, Postinfectious cough, Upper respiratory tract infection
Received date: 15 Nov 2010
Accepted date: 1 Feb 2011
1
Department of otorhinolaryngology, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
2
Department of pulmonology, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
3
Natural Medicines Office in Deputy of Food and Drug, Ministry of Health and Medical Educations,Tehran, Iran
4
Department of epidemiology and biostatics, Faculty of Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5
Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
6
Deputy of Research, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
*Corresponding author:
Department of otorhinolaryngology, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
E-mail: raeessi_ma@yahoo.com, Tel: +982166436737
Original Article
2. A new finding in the treatment of Persistent Postinfectious Cough
2, Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology No.2, Vol. 23, Serial No.63, Spring-2011
Introduction
Cough is a reflex action of the respiratory
tract with a protective nature and defense
mechanism by an explosive expiration to
clear secretions and foreign materials from
the airways (1,2). Generally, cough reflex
is triggered by mechanical or chemical
stimulation of sensory nerve receptors
which are mainly present in the pharynx,
larynx, trachea and bronchi (3). Cough can
also be a warning sign of disease, and
needs to be diagnosed accurately (1).
Despite extensive diagnostic evaluation
guidelines and numerous treatments;
chronic and uncontrollable cough, in a
number of cases, still remains as a
nuisance (4,5). It is a common problem
often resulting in referral to secondary care
(5,6).
Common causes of chronic cough are:
Lung and tracheal diseases, pharyngitis,
upper airway cough syndrome (UACS)
due to upper respiratory tract infections
(URTI) and allergic rhinitis (3,7,8). Other
causes are gastro-esophageal reflux
disease, exposure to environmental
pollution or cigarette smoke, respiratory
tract foreign bodies, psychogenic cough
and persistent postinfectious cough (PPC).
But UACS has been the most common
cause of chronic cough in publications of
the United States (1,6,9).
PPC is a cough that persists longer than
three weeks after a common cold or other
viral respiratory tract infections (7,10). It
is reported as 11–25% of the chronic
cough (1). This cough that is expected to
last only one or two weeks persists for
longer than three weeks or perhaps for
many months (11).
Patients frequently complain of a
persistent tickling or irritating sensation in
the throat, which often leads to paroxysms
of coughing (1). Because of its morbidity
and difficulties, such patients are
frequently referred to cough clinics and
investigated for other causes of cough (1).
It can be a troublesome problem for the
patient and the physician alike (4,5).
Specific infectious etiology of PPC is
rarely confirmed (12). Respiratory viruses,
particularly respiratory syncytial virus
(RSV), adenoviruses parainfluenza,
influenza and etc, have all been implicated
(7,10). The pathogenesis of the PPC is
probably long-lasting and widespread
pharyngeal mucosal inflammation and
desquamation of the epithelial cells with
nerve endings damage, that leads to
hyperactivity of the cough reflex (1,9,12).
This can make it more sensitive to local
irritants and can lead to a vicious cycle and
more damage to mucosa (1,13).
PPC is stimulated by cigarette smoke,
chemical fumes, aerosol sprays, dust,
perfumes, drinking, eating crumbly dry
food, taking a deep breath, laughing,
talking over the phone for more than a few
minutes, changes in ambient temperature
and breathing cold air (1).
Successful treatment of the PPC depends
on making an accurate diagnosis and
giving the specific therapy. Currently
available treatments for PPC are:
bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory
medications, particularly inhaled or
systemic corticosteroids (7,10). narcotics,
centrally acting antitussive agents such as
codeine and dextromethorphan (10-12),
nedocromil sodium and cromoglycate
(7,10,12), inhaled ipratropium bromide
and antihistamines (7,10).
Despite all these treatments, this chronic
cough is usually intractable and has no
remarkable response to routine drugs. So,
it is worth to find a better treatment for
PPC. Based on our previous knowledge
and personal experience, our hypothesis
was that honey and/or coffee may have
some beneficial effects in the treatment of
PPC.
In the Review of Literature, to find some
information, we searched about Honey and
Coffee. To the best of our knowledge, we
did not find any report that has noted such
a therapeutic combination for PPC, but it
was found that:
A- "Honey has been regarded as a health
giving substance since ancient times and
3. Raeessi MA, et al
Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology No.2, Vol.23, Serial No.63, Spring-2011, 3
its medical use is recorded from around
3000 B.C. onward. Honey has been used,
also in modern times for maintenance of
health and in several diseases (14). World
Health Organization (WHO) has cited
honey as a potential treatment for cough,
URTI and cold symptoms (15). Also it
suggests that honey demulcents may
soothe the throat (15). It can be effective
and recommended to provide some relief
from cold symptoms and cough (15-17). It
is a natural substance, cheap, popular and
safe (15). In addition, honey has
antioxidant efficacies and increases
cytokine release, which may cause its
antimicrobial effects (15). Honey is an
ancient remedy which has been re-
discovered for the treatment of wounds
with induction of tissue repair and
stimulation of wound healing (15,18).
These effects may have been associated
with its hyper osmolarity and with its anti-
inflammatory and antioxidant properties
(15, 16)."
B- "Caffeine is found in coffee, tea, cola
drinks and cocoa (19). Methylxanthines
(such as theophylline and caffeine) are
bronchodilator drugs which are believed to
stimulate breathing efforts and have been
used to prevent apnea (19, 20). Also
caffeine is hypoalgesic, and it has anti-
inflammatory effects (19, 20). It is the
world's most commonly consumed
psychoactive substance that stimulates the
CNS. Caffeine improves vigilance and
psychomotor performance, and increases
levels of self-reported alertness and
decreases levels of self-reported fatigue
and sleepiness."
Considering all above, the aim of this
study was to scientifically evaluate the
therapeutic effects of coffee, honey and
their combination, in treatment of patients
with PPC.
Materials and Methods
This was a double blind randomized
clinical trial of participants presenting with
PPC. It was performed during a 6-year
period at the Baqiyatallah University
Hospital, Tehran, Iran from 2003 to 2009.
Our study was conducted on included 84
adult patients which only 74 of them kept
track until the end of this study (42 men
and 32 women).
Ethical Considerations: "The participants
were all volunteers and they were fully
informed about the aim of the study, the
prescribed regimens which consist of
natural safe edible substances, moreover
the follow up sessions and their own duty
as participants. Also they were told about
the benefits of this research, the potential
complications such as dyspepsia and
insomnia, and how to face them. They
were reassured that the data and their files
are kept confidential. Then, an informed
consent was taken from them before they
were enrolled in the study. The project
design of this prospective study was
approved by the Ethics Committee of the
Baqiyatallah University of Medical
Sciences."
In our cough clinic, all the patients were
assessed and registered after their check
list was completed. It was about personal
data including age, sex, weight, education,
occupation, duration of their illness and
presence or absence of systemic disease.
All the participants underwent a
comprehensive history, physical
examination of respiratory system and
complete examination of ear, nose and
throat. They were thoroughly examined for
every abnormality and also underlying
causes of cough. Also routine laboratory
tests and chest X-Ray were taken. Other
evaluations were carried out as necessary.
For example Spirometry, Computed
Tomography (CT scan) of paranasal
sinuses, and High-Resolution Computed
Tomography (HRCT) of thorax.
In patients with chronic cough, there is a
positive relationship between cough
frequency and cough reflex sensitivity
(21). Additionally, in PPC, the frequency
of cough is equal to severity of cough.
Considering these two facts, from now on,
"frequency of cough" represents "severity
of cough" in this article. Thus, all the
4. A new finding in the treatment of Persistent Postinfectious Cough
4, Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology No.2, Vol. 23, Serial No.63, Spring-2011
participants were evaluated for frequency
of their cough before and after the
treatment. Their cough frequency,
according to them, was degreed as: Zero
(0), low (1+
), moderate (2+
), and severe (3+
),
(22).
Patients with PPC for more than three
weeks of duration were included in this
study. But, the ones with systemic disease
and/or abnormal routine laboratory tests
were excluded. As a matter of fact, a high
majority of the patients have more than a
single cause at the same time for chronic
cough (7, 23- 26). Therefore, in this study
we excluded every patient with other
causes of cough, or we first treated that
other condition. Participants' ages ranged
from 21 to 65 years and the peak age was
the third decade (29.7% of patients). Their
weight ranged from 50 to 90 kgs.
Moreover, most of them were highly
educated (Table 1).
For this study, we prepared three types of
medical jam-like pastes, (A, B, and C
products):
1- Each 600 grams of the "A" product
(first regimen), consisted 70 grams of
original instant coffee (caffeinated coffee),
given to every member of the first group
(n=16).
2- Each 600 grams of the "B" product
(second regimen), consisted 500 grams of
honey, given to every member of the
second group (n=14).
3- Each 600 grams of the "C" product
(third regimen), consisted 70 grams of
original instant coffee, and 500 grams of
honey, given to every member of the third
group (n=54).
It's necessary to mention that all the three
products were similar in packaging, color,
shape, viscosity and the taste (by adding
enough edible brown color, coffee essence,
and liquid glucose). Materials of each
product were gently mixed and
homogenized. The natural honey which
was used in this study was obtained from
the mountain region in the west of Iran.
The mentioned samples were produced by
our pharmacist with the proportion of 1, 1, 4.
They were encoded confidentially and
distributed randomly between patients.
This difference of proportion was intended
to show the importance of the third
regimen. It should be considered that the
first and second groups can play the role of
control groups for the third one. These
participants were told to dissolve 25 grams
of the prescribed jam-like paste in about
200 CC
of warm water (under 60oC
), then
drink this solution. They were asked to
repeat it every 8 hours for one week.
Table 1: Characteristics of participants in the
three treatment groups: Count and "Percentage
within Treatment group"
Factors
Treatment
group 1
Treatment
group 2
Treatment
group 3
Coffee
(n=14)
Honey
(n=12)
honey with
coffee"
(n=48)
Age:
21-30 y
4(28.5) 5(41.3) 13(27)
31-40 y
3(21.4) 4(33.3) 11(22.8)
41-50 y
2(14.2) 2(16.6) 13(27)
51-60 y
4(28.5) 1(8.3) 10(20.8)
61-56 y
1(7.14) 0 1(2)
Sex:
Male:
9 (64.2) 6 (50) 27 (56.1)
Female
5 (35.7) 6 (50) 21 (43.6)
Level of
schooling:
Primary&
Diploma 5 (35.7) 5 (41.6) 13 (27)
Technical
& higher
education 9 (64.2) 7 (58.3) 35 (72.8)
Occupation:
House
worker: 4 (28.5) 3 (25) 12 (25)
Student &
employer: 7 (50) 7 (58.3) 26 (54)
Physician:
2 (14.2) 2 (16.6) 10 (20.8)
They were evaluated before and at the
end of the first week of their treatment,
and the check list for the measurement of
5. Raeessi MA, et al
Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology No.2, Vol.23, Serial No.63, Spring-2011, 5
the frequency of their cough was
completed. The participants were under
observation for the first month even if
the cough was cured. Study investigators
who checked patients' signs and
symptoms were unaware about the
prescribed regimen. The process of this
research is illustrated in the attached
flow diagram.
All the analyses were carried out using
SPSS version 15.0 software. Continuous
variables were presented as mean and
standard deviation. Categorical variables
were presented as absolute and relative
frequencies. One-way ANOVA, Chi-
square test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test
were used for comparison groups. All
reported P-values were based on two-sided
hypotheses.
Results
In this clinical trial the mean and (standard
deviation) of age, weight and duration of
their illness were according to appearance:
39.9 (12.6) (years), 74.9 (10.9) (kgs), and
3.1 (3.4) (months). The distribution of
mentioned base line data are shown in the
table number 1. Also, the frequency of
cough before and after the treatment was
degreed as: 2.97 (0.16) and 0.82 (0.81). In
all three groups, the difference between
variables including age, sex, duration of
disease and frequency of cough before
the treatment, according to statistics were
not significant (P>0.05), (Table 2).
Chi-square test showed the distribution of
variables including sex, education and
occupation were the same in these three
groups (P>0.05). The cough frequency
was similar in all three groups before the
treatment (P>0.05).
According to Wilcoxon Signed Rank test,
the frequency of cough before and after
each treatment proved to be significant
(P<0.05). Therefore, all the three regimens
were effective in treating the condition.
Analysis of variances showed that the
difference between the means of
"frequency of cough before and after the
treatment" with three regimens were
significant (P<0.001).
In addition, Post Hoc Tests (Tukey)
showed that the change of "cough
frequency before and after the treatment"
in the first and second groups were not
significant whilst the mean of "change of
cough before and after the treatment" in
the third group was lower and the mean
differences was statistically significant
(P<0.001).
Table 2: Mean (STD) differences between
treatments and some explanatory variables
Variables
Treatment
group 1
Treatment
group 2
Treatment
group 3
P-
value
coffee
(n=14)
honey
(n=12)
honey
with coffee
(n=48)
Age:
years
(std)
41.9 (14.8) 36.8 (10.2) 40.1 (12.6)
>0.05
(NS)*
Weight:
Kgs (std)
74.6 (11.3) 78.4 (8.8) 74.1 (11.4)
>0.05
(NS) *
Duration
of illness:
months
(std)
3.3 (1.4) 2.3 (1.5)
3.3 (4.1)
>0.05
(NS) *
Frequency
of cough:
a- before
the
treatment:
degree
(std)
3.0 (0.0) 3.0 (0.0) 3.0 (0.2)
>0.05
(NS)*
b- after
the
treatment:
degree
(std)
1.8 (0.4) 1.4(0.5) 0.4(0.6)
<0.001
(S)**
________________________________________________________
* NS= Not Significant
** S = Significant
Discussion
PPC is usually intractable and has no
effective response to routine treatments.
Considering the great number of people
around the world suffering from PPC,
every reasonable and safe remedy is worth
to be thoroughly investigated. Our
hypothesis was that the honey and/or
coffee have therapeutic effect on PPC.
6. A new finding in the treatment of Persistent Postinfectious Cough
6, Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology No.2, Vol. 23, Serial No.63, Spring-2011
Generally, it seems that the effect of honey
in treatment of PPC is about that sweet
substances naturally cause reflex salivation
and may also cause the secretion of airway
mucus which can improve mucociliary
clearance in the airway, and lead to a
demulcent effect in the pharynx, thereby
they reduce cough (24). Moreover, honey
by its properties such as hyper osmolarity,
as an anti-inflammatory substance, can
expedite repairing and healing of the
pharyngeal mucosal irritation (14).
This study demonstrated that the
"combination of honey with coffee" (the
"C" product) was the most effective
treatment modality for PPC. It concedes
that the efficacy can be due to the
synergistic effect of these two substances.
Despite the fact that the exact mechanism
of action of the combination of honey and
coffee is almost unveiled and is not yet
fully explained; this combination can bring
about notable improvements in mucosal
tissue healing by repairing the "nerve
ending damage" due to "mucosal
irritability" and "mucosal desquamation".
These can provide possible explanation for
the role of "combined coffee and honey",
in the successful treatment of PPC.
However applying our innovate therapy,
we could treat PPC and also eliminate
"unpleasant consequences" of the illness
for the patients and the physicians (1, 27).
The advantages of this new treatment
modality are: (a) It is more effective
especially in a short time. (b) It has natural
edible substances which makes it safe and
agreeable. (c) It is cost effective and easily
available.
Conclusion
PPC can be successfully treated by
"combination of honey and coffee" at a
short time. We therefore recommend the
use of this effective treatment modality for
PPC patients. It is suggested that further
studies should be carried out in different
clinical settings.
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank and appreciate all
the people who helped us in this research
project, especially Dr. Mohsin Reza
Heidari for his assistance in editing the
manuscript.
7. Raeessi MA, et al
Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology No.2, Vol.23, Serial No.63, Spring-2011, 7
Flow Diagram
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