Palestine presentation on HIV- English
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This document summarizes HIV/AIDS data and programs in Palestine between 2008-2013. Some key points: - New HIV infections increased from 45 in 2008 to 72 in 2011, with the majority of cases in males ages 25-49. - Most transmission is through heterosexual intercourse (56%) followed by infected blood (17%). - Knowledge of HIV among Palestinian women is high but knowledge of prevention and testing locations is lower. - International donors provide 73% of HIV/AIDS funding while domestic sources provide 27%. - Palestine operates 12 clinics and 2 drop-in centers that provide medication and psychosocial support to people living with HIV, with 17 of 21 cases receiving antiretroviral therapy.
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This document summarizes trends in the global HIV/AIDS epidemic and discusses the link between epidemiology and human rights. It finds that while new infections and deaths have decreased due to prevention efforts, human rights abuses continue to impede epidemiological understanding and response. Vulnerable groups like migrants, men who have sex with men, and injecting drug users face disproportionate risks due to criminalization and lack of targeted programming. Strengthening health information systems and promoting universal human rights access are seen as essential to further containing the epidemic.
Chris Beyrer: "State of the Science: Key populations"
State of the Sciences: Research Updates from the IAS Leadership
Tuesday, December 8, 2015
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Mongolia (2014)-all-indicators
This document provides an overview of HIV and AIDS data for Mongolia. It includes statistics on basic socio-demographic indicators, HIV prevalence and epidemiology, risk behaviors, vulnerability and HIV knowledge, HIV expenditure, and Mongolia's national response. Data is presented on population size, demographics, estimated number of people living with HIV, prevalence among key populations, condom use, HIV knowledge, spending by source and category, and spending on prevention programs for key populations.
Mongolia (2014)-all-indicators
This document summarizes HIV/AIDS data for Mongolia. It provides information on basic socio-demographic indicators, HIV prevalence and epidemiology, risk behaviors, vulnerability and HIV knowledge, HIV expenditure, and Mongolia's national response. Key facts presented include HIV prevalence among key populations, condom use trends, knowledge levels, spending on prevention and care, and scale up of HIV testing and antiretroviral therapy programs.
Situation epidemio MENA
This document provides an overview of the HIV situation in the Middle East and North Africa region. Some key statistics presented include that in 2010 there were 34 million people globally living with HIV, including 3.4 million children. There were also 2.7 million new HIV infections that year. The document then shows data on HIV prevalence rates in various countries in the region and among key populations like men who have sex with men. It also discusses challenges to addressing HIV in the region like stigma, low testing rates, and limited funding and political leadership for HIV programs.
HIV-AIDS an alarming growing global concern.ppt
HIV-AIDS is a growing global concern. The natural history of HIV infection typically progresses from initial viral transmission to an asymptomatic phase that can last around 8 years before developing symptoms and eventually AIDS. Untreated HIV leads to immune suppression and opportunistic infections as the virus attacks CD4 cells. While HIV-1 is more common worldwide, HIV-2 is found primarily in parts of West Africa. Effective prevention strategies like education and treatment can help curb the epidemic's impact and transmission.
HIV-AIDS an alarming growing global concern.ppt
HIV-AIDS is a growing global concern. The natural history of HIV infection typically progresses from initial viral transmission to an asymptomatic phase that can last around 8 years before developing symptoms and eventually AIDS. Untreated HIV leads to immune suppression and opportunistic infections as the virus attacks CD4 cells. While HIV-1 is more common worldwide, HIV-2 is found primarily in parts of West Africa. The impact of AIDS includes negative economic effects on countries, overwhelmed healthcare systems, decreasing life expectancy, and increasing numbers of orphans. Women are more vulnerable to infection than men in many areas.
Together we will end AIDS: Report graphics
The document discusses efforts to end the AIDS epidemic globally. It summarizes that low- and middle-income countries are on track to reach 15 million people on antiretroviral treatment by 2015 and that 54% of eligible people in those countries were receiving treatment in 2011. It also notes that coverage of antiretroviral regimens among pregnant women living with HIV increased between 2005 and 2011 but that maternal access needs to be consistent during breastfeeding to further increase coverage and prevent new HIV infections among children.
Achieving HIV epidemic control - the importance of HIV prevention in women
CAPRISA hosts research units on HIV-TB pathogenesis and treatment as well as an HIV prevention centre of excellence. The document discusses achieving epidemic control of HIV and the importance of prevention, particularly among women. It notes that treatment alone cannot end AIDS and combination prevention including behavioral interventions, condoms, medical male circumcision, early treatment and PrEP can reduce transmission at a population level.
Barriers of HIV Prevention through Treatment
The UC San Diego AntiViral Research Center sponsors weekly presentations on infectious diseases research and clinical practices. A presentation on whether widespread HIV treatment can end transmission discussed recent trends showing HIV declining among adolescents and young adults in the US. The presentation reviewed research showing that early HIV treatment dramatically reduces heterosexual transmission but some transmission may still occur through anal sex among men who have sex with men on antiretroviral therapy. Future interventions could focus on optimizing HIV treatment, comparing antiretroviral regimens, and suppressing coinfections like CMV to further reduce HIV transmission.
Violence against Women living with HIV A Cross Sectional Study in Nepal
This study examined violence against women living with HIV in Nepal through interviews with 43 HIV-positive women. The study found that the vast majority (93%) of participants had experienced at least one form of violence, and prevalence of violence increased sharply after being diagnosed with HIV (93% vs 54% before diagnosis). Husbands and mothers-in-law were the most common perpetrators, and consequences included self-humiliation and health/treatment problems. This cross-sectional study suggests violence is highly prevalent among HIV-positive women in Nepal.
A retrospective study on the mortality rate of human immunodeficiency virus (...
This retrospective study analyzed data from 3,470 HIV-positive individuals in Nasarawa State, Nigeria between 2007-2011 to investigate mortality rates from tuberculosis (TB) co-infection. The study found that 24.2% of individuals had HIV/TB co-infection, with the highest prevalence in 20-29 year olds and females. Females consistently had higher mortality rates than males from HIV/TB co-infection. While access to anti-tuberculosis treatment increased from 2009-2011, access to antiretroviral treatment declined over the study period. The results suggest that women are disproportionately impacted by HIV/TB co-infection due to socioeconomic factors and that increased intervention programs are needed.
HIv risks and vulnerabilities among Gay, Bisexuals and Others MSM, Stefan Baral
MSMGF held the Civil Society Hearings Side Event,: Unfinished Business – Taking bolder action to address HIV among gay and bisexual men and other men who have sex with men, at the United Nations in New York City in close consultation with the Global Platform to Fast Track the HIV and Human Rights Responses Among Gay, Bisexual Men and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men (The Platform), and supported by UNAIDS, UNDP, OGAC/PEPFAR, and the Global Fund.
Addressing hiv infection risks and consequences among elderly Africans by Niy...
This document summarizes a presentation given by Professor Niyi Awofeso on addressing HIV infection risks and consequences among elderly (>50 years) sub-Saharan Africans. It provides statistics on HIV prevalence and the physical, mental, and socioeconomic burdens of HIV/AIDS in this population. It also discusses policies and programs that could help reduce infection risks, such as expanding HIV testing and treatment, promoting circumcision, implementing social pensions and healthy aging programs, and reducing stigma through education. Successful models from Botswana and South Africa are presented.
Regional Overview in HIV by Steve Kraus
This document provides a regional overview of HIV/AIDS trends in Asia and the Pacific from 1990-2013. It summarizes that there are currently 4.8 million people living with HIV in the region, with new infections declining significantly since 2001 but remaining largely unchanged in the past 5 years. Treatment coverage has increased substantially, with 1.56 million people now on ART, however this is still only about one-third of those in need. The challenges ahead include addressing gaps in prevention for key populations and along the treatment cascade.
HIV/AIDS data Hub Asia Pacific -Malaysia 2014
This document provides a summary of HIV/AIDS data for Malaysia across multiple indicators:
- HIV prevalence is highest among key populations like people who inject drugs, female sex workers, and men who have sex with men. Condom use and safe injection practices have increased over time but remain below optimal levels.
- The number of reported HIV infections and AIDS-related deaths has declined in recent years. Most HIV transmissions are through heterosexual contact and injecting drug use.
- Vulnerability remains high as many key populations lack comprehensive HIV knowledge and access to prevention programs, testing, and treatment.
- Government spending on HIV has increased but more funding needs to be directed towards programs for key populations at higher
Social Determinants of Health and Development Policy at Yale University
Social Determinants of Health and Development Policy at Yale UniversityUNDP HIV, Health and Development Practice
The document discusses how social determinants and structural interventions outside the health sector can influence health outcomes. It provides evidence that factors like gender inequality, poverty, and lack of social cohesion negatively impact health. Strategic investments in areas like gender equality, education, and building social capital can improve health as seen in examples that reduced HIV, TB, and increased bed net use. The document argues for an integrated health and development approach to achieve multiple targets and synergies across sectors to renew progress on global health goals.HIV/AIDS RECENT ADVANCES
India has seen a 57% reduction in its HIV count between 2001-2011, while Bangladesh and Sri Lanka saw increases of 25%. As of 2011, an estimated 2.1 million people in India were living with HIV. India's epidemic is heterogeneous and concentrated in certain states and sub-populations. Successful prevention efforts have led international figures to praise India's HIV/AIDS prevention model. However, more work remains as even a small increase in prevalence could mean over half a million new infections. The continuum of HIV care involves testing and counseling, treatment of opportunistic infections, anti-retroviral therapy initiation and monitoring, management of co-infections, and adherence support. WHO guidelines recommend treatment for all HIV-positive individuals
Trans* services
Michelle Ross and Aedan Woltan's presentation 20/10/15
Meeting: Checkpoints: Beyond VCT Centres
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Gender Inequality and its Impact on Women's Risk of HIV and Access to HIV Ser...
Gender Inequality and its Impact on Women's Risk of HIV and Access to HIV Ser...
HIV Epidemiology: Progress, challenges and Human Rights implications
HIV Epidemiology: Progress, challenges and Human Rights implications
Chris Beyrer: "State of the Science: Key populations"
Chris Beyrer: "State of the Science: Key populations"
Achieving HIV epidemic control - the importance of HIV prevention in women
Achieving HIV epidemic control - the importance of HIV prevention in women
Violence against Women living with HIV A Cross Sectional Study in Nepal
Violence against Women living with HIV A Cross Sectional Study in Nepal
A retrospective study on the mortality rate of human immunodeficiency virus (...
A retrospective study on the mortality rate of human immunodeficiency virus (...
HIv risks and vulnerabilities among Gay, Bisexuals and Others MSM, Stefan Baral
HIv risks and vulnerabilities among Gay, Bisexuals and Others MSM, Stefan Baral
Addressing hiv infection risks and consequences among elderly Africans by Niy...
Addressing hiv infection risks and consequences among elderly Africans by Niy...
Social Determinants of Health and Development Policy at Yale University
Social Determinants of Health and Development Policy at Yale University
More from M-Coalition - MENA region
Strategic vision of M-Coalition- English
The M-Coalition will work to effectively respond to the rapidly escalating HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the Arab world. It will involve MSM and those living with HIV at all levels of strategy, policy development, and governance. The M-Coalition's strategic vision includes strengthening networks across the Arab region, increasing knowledge on MSM and HIV through research, and increasing funding for effective HIV prevention, care, treatment, and support programs for MSM.
Background on M-coalition- English
This document discusses the challenges facing men who have sex with men (MSM) in the Middle East and North Africa region, including high rates of HIV prevalence, limited access to prevention and care services, violence, rejection, and self-stigma. It proposes strengthening advocacy efforts and promoting networking between LGBT organizations to facilitate combined HIV prevention approaches for MSM in hostile environments. A practical manual was developed with input from several regional associations to provide guidance on advocating for improved access to HIV prevention services for MSM.
Models of membership and governance
The document discusses various models for membership and governance structures for international networks. It outlines different membership models including region-based, organization-only, individual-only, and multi-tier systems. It also discusses governance models like exclusive membership, membership with additional representatives, representatives of member organizations, and ad-hoc representatives. Key points are raised around the purpose of membership, administration required, representation, decision-making, and language accessibility.
"Speaking Out” - Advocacy Toolkit
The Speaking Out advocacy toolkit was adapted for use in the MENA region through a participatory process with 7 associations from the region. Two trainings of trainers were held in Morocco in 2011 and 2012 to build advocacy capacity among MSM and transgender organizations. Breakthrough advocacy initiatives were funded in Lebanon and Morocco. Participants identified a need to establish a regional MSM platform or network for the MENA region to facilitate continued information sharing and advocacy efforts. The Arab Foundation for Freedoms and Equality in Lebanon was selected to host and support the establishment of this MENA MSM advocacy platform.
1 st steering committee meeting-
The document is about a steering committee meeting that took place in Lebanon in January 2014. It was the first steering committee meeting and it took place in Lebanon. The document provides basic information about a meeting but no other details.
Sudan presentation on HIV- English
The estimated HIV prevalence in Sudan is 0.4% in 2014, affecting around 74,000 people. Most new infections are among males (88%) under 30 years old (32%). The main risk groups are men who have sex with men (44.6%), heterosexual sex (25.2%), and those with unknown or undocumented risk factors (30.2%). Sudan has 34 ART centers providing free antiretroviral treatment to over 3,300 people living with HIV. Public awareness, information, counseling, testing, prevention of mother-to-child transmission, and care and treatment services target the general population, while peer education and outreach focus on vulnerable groups including men who have sex with men.
M - Coalition Slide
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
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Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
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Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
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Palestine presentation on HIV- English
- 1. Presented by: Saja Michael, MPH Tunis – 2014 M-coalition
- 2. Country Progress Report, (2009). UNAIDS Country Progress Report, (2011). UNAIDS # cumulative New infections year 45/64 1 2008 47/66 2 2009 66 0 2010 72 6 2011 - - 2012 - - 2013
- 3. HIV Surveillance in the WHO EMRO, (2012). 57 12 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Males Females Total= 72 cases
- 4. Country Progress Report, (2009). UNAIDS 21% 64% 13% 2% <24 25-49 >51 N/D
- 5. Country Progress Report, (2011). UNAIDS 56% 1% 17% 4% 3% 15% Heterosexual intercourse Homosexual intercourse infected blood IDU mother to child N/D
- 6. Prisoners ( very low IDU and sexual activity) Workers in “Israel” ( easy access to casual/commercial sex and drugs) Female sex workers ( increased vulnerability due to occupation) Country Progress Report, (2011). UNAIDS
- 7. HIV/AIDS-Related Knowledge and Attitudes of Palestinian Women in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, (2007). 93.4% of the women respondents heard of HIV TV was the main source of information (92.3%) Discrepancies in knowledge regarding modes of prevention (avoiding blood transfusion, condoms, lower number of partners… ) Lack of knowledge of where to seek testing (85%)
- 8. International donors : 73% of expenditure from International sources GFATM- 2008 Local donors: 27%% of expenditure from domestic sources Regional Report for MENA, ( 2013). UNAIDS
- 9. 12 district clinics and 2 drop in centers Medication is provided through “AIDS clinic” operated by NAP + psychosocial support 17 out of 21 cases are receiving ART Country Progress Report, (2011). UNAIDS
- 10. Free medication Establishment of VCT centers Networking/working with different stakeholders Involvement of different NGOs and civil society organizations Training many health providers ( MoH & UNRWA) Including VCT in our National Surveillance system and Developing M&E VCT plan Research to generate baseline data for MARPs Country Progress Report, (2011). UNAIDS
Editor's Notes
- Average Prevalence Estimate [2700-4800]
- 5/95 in 2012
- 2% infants