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HistoryOfArchitecturePART02 Redopart2ajsjb
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- 3. SECG Early Dwelling Shift fromnomadic, hunter-gatherer system to a combination of farming and hunting Domestication of animals and plants Created Societies of villages near caves or along shores and streams
- 4. SECG Rock Caves Earliest formof human settlement
- 5. SECG Lascaux Cave Lascaux, France Acave in France containing wall paintings and engraving of Paleolithic humans thought to date from c. 13,000-8,500 BCE
- 6. SECG Built Shelter Primitive lifestylewas nomadic Temporary shelter was designed in direct response to climate, local materials, and hunting patterns Built with limited investment in time and energy
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- 8. SECG Beehive Hut A clochán(plural clocháin) or beehive hut is a dry-stone hut with a corbelled roof, commonly associated with the south-western Irish seaboard. A clochán on the Dingle Peninsula, Kerry, Ireland
- 9. SECG Trullo A traditional rendered stone dwellingin Apulia, Southern Italy, in which square chambers are roofed with conical vaulted roofs. Apulian dry stone hut
- 10. SECG Wigwam An American- Indian dwelling, usuallyof round or oval shaped, formed of poles overlaid with bark, rush mats, animal skins.
- 11. SECG Hogan A Navaho Indian dwelling constructed usuallyof earth and logs and covered with mud
- 12. SECG Igloo An Eskimo house, usually builtof blocks of hard snow or ice in the shape of a dome or when permanent, of sod, wood, or stone.
- 13. SECG Religious Structures Villages areconnected by shared mortuary and goddess ritual centers
- 14. SECG Megaliths Ancient stone monuments Afterpeople started sharing community life, they began turning their attention to architecture that celebrated the spiritual and the sacred. Their tombs and temples imitated nature in gigantic forms resembling mountains and other landscape formations.
- 15. SECG Menhir Monolith: A prehistoricmonument consisting of an upright stone, usually standing alone but sometimes aligned with others in parallel rows.
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- 17. SECG Dolmen From the worddaul, a table, and maen, a stone; A prehistoric stone monument consisting of two or more large upright stones supporting a horizontal stone slab or capstone, and usually regarded as a tomb.
- 18. SECG Kilcloooney County Donegal, Ireland It utilizestrabeation, the most basic construction system for structures. It consist of vertical supports called posts that hold up horizontal elements called lintels
- 19. SECG Dysse Denmark Ubberup Runddysse is aNeolithic burial mound in Denmark, featuring a circular chamber with a capstone and surrounding stones. Site in Holbæk Denmark
- 20. SECG Goindol Gochang, South Korea TheGochang, Hwasun and Ganghwa Dolmen Sites are the location of hundreds of stone dolmen in Korea. The sites were designated as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2000.
- 21. SECG Variations Cove Trilithon Three standing stones,two on the sides and one at the back A structure consisting of two upright stones and supporting lintel
- 22. SECG Cromlech A circular arrangementof megaliths enclosing a dolmen or burial mound
- 23. SECG Stone Circle Avebury, England Thesestone circles were associated with burials, others with cremation They also worked as celestial observatories that were meant to follow the movements of the moon and stars, as would have been typical for early agrarian- based societies. Avebury Stone Circle, Avebury, Wiltshire, England
- 24. SECG Stone Henge Salisbury Plainin Witshire, England A megalithic monument consisting of four concentric rings of trilithon and menhirs centered around an altar stone. It is believed to have been used by a sun cult or for astronomical observations
- 25. SECG A Solstice Celebrationat the Stonehenge
- 26. SECG Tumulus An artificial moundof earth or stone, especially over an ancient grave. Also called barrow.
- 27. SECG Etruscan necropolis ofBanditaccia at Cerveteri
- 28. SECG Early Cities Ice ageto the Neolithic Age; the earth’s climate warmed up As settlements became more permanent, hunting started farming communities New architecture was also developed to represent communal and spiritual values
- 29. SECG Jericho One of theworld’s oldest continually-inhabited city A hilltop city; citizens lived in stone houses with plaster floors surrounded by high walls and towes Aerial view showing the ruins of Tell es-Sultan, Jordan
- 30. SECG Khirokitia Cyprus One of theearliest Neolithic Village Utilized a complex architectural system built according to a preconceived plan, suggesting a structured organisation
- 31. SECG Khirokitia Partial modern-day reconstructionof Khirokitia, Cyprus Houses, built in limestone, had a circular plan, the exterior diameter of which varied from about 2-9 meters
- 32. SECG Catal Huyuk largest andmost well-preserved Neolithic village consisted of rectangular flat-roofed houses packed together into a single architectural mass no streets or passageways
- 33. SECG Catal Huyuk Reconstruction Northand east walls of shrine VI.A.8. Third phase North and west walls of shrine VI.A.10 restored
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