Nana Sahib was a Maratha leader during the Indian Rebellion of 1857. He was adopted by Peshwa Baji Rao II and was set to inherit the throne. However, after Baji Rao's death in 1851, the British East India Company stopped Nana Sahib's pension. During the rebellion in 1857, Nana Sahib led forces of rebels in Kanpur. After capturing Kanpur, he declared himself Peshwa and called for the end of British rule. However, British forces later recaptured Kanpur and Nana Sahib fled, with his ultimate fate unknown.
Rani Lakshmibai was the queen of Jhansi, India during the Indian Rebellion of 1857. She was born in 1828 and trained in martial arts from a young age. After her husband's death, the British annexed Jhansi under the Doctrine of Lapse. Rani Lakshmibai rebelled against the British and emerged as a leader of the Indian rebellion. She fought bravely against the British forces but was killed in June 1858 during a battle near Gwalior. She is remembered as one of the leading figures of the rebellion who fought courageously for Indian independence.
This document provides an overview of sources that can be used to study the Indian Mutiny of 1857. It discusses literary sources like books, newspapers, letters, and documents as well as archaeological sources like buildings, monuments, tools, and paintings. Specifically, it examines sources related to key sites of the mutiny, including the Red Fort and Northern Ridge in Delhi. It also includes an excerpt from a book describing the brutal suppression of the mutiny by British forces. The document aims to outline different types of primary sources that can help provide insight into this major historical event in India.
The document summarizes the events surrounding the 1857 rebellion against British rule in India. It describes how the British gradually annexed territories ruled by Indian kings and nawabs. This led to growing resentment among peasants, soldiers, and royalty. In 1857, Indian soldiers in the British East India Company army rebelled in Meerut and Delhi, marking the beginning of the rebellion. The rebellion soon spread across northern and central India, with many regional leaders joining the fight. The British faced several defeats but eventually suppressed the rebellion over the next two years, taking back major cities and killing or exiling the rebel leaders. As a result, the British government assumed direct control over India.
Rani Lakshmibai was the queen of Jhansi in northern India during the 1857 Indian Rebellion against British rule. She was known for her bravery and military leadership during the rebellion. After the British annexed Jhansi under the Doctrine of Lapse, Lakshmibai raised an army of women warriors to defend the city. She led Jhansi's resistance against the British siege and fought several battles after being forced to flee. Lakshmibai demonstrated exceptional courage and fighting skills until she died from injuries sustained in her final battle at Gwalior at the young age of 29, becoming a iconic figure of Indian nationalism and women's empowerment.
Fallacious assertions of colonel sardar yahya effendi about 1941 class compos...Agha A
- The Central India Horse regiment, the first armored unit of the British Indian Army, was ordered to deploy against the Axis powers in 1940 but faced mutiny from its Sikh squadron who refused to embark.
- An inquiry revealed the mutiny was led by Sowr Bishan Singh and linked to political groups, resulting in executions, imprisonment and transportation of the 108 Sikh mutineers.
- The British addressed Sikh concerns by redressing grievances and assurances, in order to avoid further unrest among Sikhs during the politically sensitive period following the 1940 Lahore Resolution proposing a separate Muslim state.
The document provides background information on the history of Marlborough, Massachusetts and the indigenous inhabitants before and during King Philip's War in 1675. It discusses the effects of the 1616-1619 plague on local tribes, the establishment of the Praying Indian town of Okommakemesit (Marlborough) in the 1650s under Chief Onamog, and the events of 1675 including Onamog's recent death and the English attack on the Wampanoag. The document draws from 19th century historians and provides context on the intertwined histories of the indigenous and colonial populations in the area.
As the combined colonial forces attempt to root out the Indian army of King Philip from central Massachusetts to the Connecticut River Valley, Marlborough becomes an important colonial army outpost on the frontier. It also becomes a target for attack, culminating in its destruction and abandonment in the spring of 1676.
Rani Lakshmibai was the queen of Jhansi, India during the Indian Rebellion of 1857. She was born in 1828 and trained in martial arts from a young age. After her husband's death, the British annexed Jhansi under the Doctrine of Lapse. Rani Lakshmibai rebelled against the British and emerged as a leader of the Indian rebellion. She fought bravely against the British forces but was killed in June 1858 during a battle near Gwalior. She is remembered as one of the leading figures of the rebellion who fought courageously for Indian independence.
This document provides an overview of sources that can be used to study the Indian Mutiny of 1857. It discusses literary sources like books, newspapers, letters, and documents as well as archaeological sources like buildings, monuments, tools, and paintings. Specifically, it examines sources related to key sites of the mutiny, including the Red Fort and Northern Ridge in Delhi. It also includes an excerpt from a book describing the brutal suppression of the mutiny by British forces. The document aims to outline different types of primary sources that can help provide insight into this major historical event in India.
The document summarizes the events surrounding the 1857 rebellion against British rule in India. It describes how the British gradually annexed territories ruled by Indian kings and nawabs. This led to growing resentment among peasants, soldiers, and royalty. In 1857, Indian soldiers in the British East India Company army rebelled in Meerut and Delhi, marking the beginning of the rebellion. The rebellion soon spread across northern and central India, with many regional leaders joining the fight. The British faced several defeats but eventually suppressed the rebellion over the next two years, taking back major cities and killing or exiling the rebel leaders. As a result, the British government assumed direct control over India.
Rani Lakshmibai was the queen of Jhansi in northern India during the 1857 Indian Rebellion against British rule. She was known for her bravery and military leadership during the rebellion. After the British annexed Jhansi under the Doctrine of Lapse, Lakshmibai raised an army of women warriors to defend the city. She led Jhansi's resistance against the British siege and fought several battles after being forced to flee. Lakshmibai demonstrated exceptional courage and fighting skills until she died from injuries sustained in her final battle at Gwalior at the young age of 29, becoming a iconic figure of Indian nationalism and women's empowerment.
Fallacious assertions of colonel sardar yahya effendi about 1941 class compos...Agha A
- The Central India Horse regiment, the first armored unit of the British Indian Army, was ordered to deploy against the Axis powers in 1940 but faced mutiny from its Sikh squadron who refused to embark.
- An inquiry revealed the mutiny was led by Sowr Bishan Singh and linked to political groups, resulting in executions, imprisonment and transportation of the 108 Sikh mutineers.
- The British addressed Sikh concerns by redressing grievances and assurances, in order to avoid further unrest among Sikhs during the politically sensitive period following the 1940 Lahore Resolution proposing a separate Muslim state.
The document provides background information on the history of Marlborough, Massachusetts and the indigenous inhabitants before and during King Philip's War in 1675. It discusses the effects of the 1616-1619 plague on local tribes, the establishment of the Praying Indian town of Okommakemesit (Marlborough) in the 1650s under Chief Onamog, and the events of 1675 including Onamog's recent death and the English attack on the Wampanoag. The document draws from 19th century historians and provides context on the intertwined histories of the indigenous and colonial populations in the area.
As the combined colonial forces attempt to root out the Indian army of King Philip from central Massachusetts to the Connecticut River Valley, Marlborough becomes an important colonial army outpost on the frontier. It also becomes a target for attack, culminating in its destruction and abandonment in the spring of 1676.
The Indian Rebellion of 1857 began as a mutiny of sepoys in the town of Meerut on May 10, 1857 and escalated into widespread rebellions across northern and central India. The rebellion posed a major threat to British East India Company rule in the region. Key leaders of the rebellion included Bahadur Shah Zafar, the last Mughal emperor, Mangal Pandey, Rani Laxmibai of Jhansi, Begum Hazrat Mahal of Awadh, Nana Sahib of Kanpur, and others. The rebellion was ultimately suppressed by 1859, marking the end of Company rule and beginning of direct British rule over India.
Jhansi and central india were mickey mouse affairs of 1857Agha A
1) The Sepoy Rebellion in Central India involved fewer troops than other campaigns like Delhi and Lucknow, and was a more minor affair strategically.
2) However, it was significant due to the involvement of charismatic leaders like the Rani of Jhansi, Tantia Topi, and Feroz Shah, who led rebel forces and troubled the British.
3) The rebellion in Central India developed more slowly than other regions, with Bengal Army troops and princely state contingents rebelling between June and July 1857 across locations like Jhansi, Gwalior, and Saugor.
A summary of lecture delivered by Ed Emeka Keazor at the School of Oriental and African Studies: World Igbo Conference. May 2014. Spanning over 1000 years of History and celebrating pioneers such as the 9th Century Priest King, through the first Igbo Legislators of the 1920's, on to the modern day Renaissance stars of global Arts.
The document provides a detailed account of the British assault and capture of Delhi during the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857. It describes the positions of the British columns around Delhi on September 14th and the heavy artillery fire used to weaken defenses. It then summarizes the assaults of each column, including delays in breaching the city walls. It discusses the heavy casualties suffered by the British on the first day and their subsequent demoralization from looting and drunkenness. It analyzes how the Sepoys could have defeated the British if they had launched a vigorous counterattack when the British troops were hesitant. The capture of Delhi was a decisive victory that helped the British maintain control over most of India.
Images of William Penn and the Founding of PennsylvaniaAmy LC
William Penn grew up in Great Britain and joined the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) who faced persecution in England. King Charles II offered Penn land in North America due to a debt owed to Penn's father. In 1681, Penn sailed to North America to establish the colony of Pennsylvania based on principles of religious freedom and fair treatment of Native Americans. Penn established the city of Philadelphia and enacted fair policies, though Native Americans later lost their lands after Penn.
A Lot of Assorted Nonsense About Afghanistan From Eric MargolisAgha A
This document provides commentary and analysis regarding the British Empire's involvement in Afghanistan. It discusses the failed British invasion of Afghanistan in the 19th century and the recent US-led NATO mission in Afghanistan. Major points made include:
- The British retreat from Kabul in 1842 involved a brigade of 700 British troops and 4,500 Indian troops retreating in harsh conditions and being attacked by over 30,000 Afghans.
- The US goal in Afghanistan was to gain bases near Central Asian oil and block China, but after 11 years and $1 trillion, this effort failed, representing a military and political defeat for the US.
- Remaining US troops in Afghanistan after 2014 withdrawals may face attacks from Pasht
This document provides information about Pakistan and pre-partition Indian history in a question-answer format. It includes questions about early Muslim invaders of India, Mughal emperors, the establishment of British rule in India, independence movement leaders, and the founding of educational and political institutions in the 19th century. The document also lists important dates, people, and events related to the history of the subcontinent before and during the British colonial period. It aims to be a reference for multiple choice questions on Pakistan affairs and pre-partition Indian history.
1) Abdul Ghaffar Khan founded the Khudai Khidmatgar movement in 1929, organizing Pashtuns in the Northwest Frontier Province to nonviolently oppose British rule through civil resistance.
2) Known as the "Red Shirts," members of the movement took a solemn oath to serve humanity nonviolently and help with social work for at least two hours daily.
3) The Khudai Khidmatgar movement saw some success in gaining concessions from the British and electing Ghaffar Khan's brother to lead the provincial government, but ultimately fell short of full independence for the region.
An Illustrious British cavalry-regiment-that-fled-the-battlefieldAgha A
The document summarizes the Battle of Chillianwallah which took place on January 13, 1849 between the British and Sikh armies. It describes how the HM 14th Light Dragoons cavalry regiment fled from the battlefield, abandoning their position and leaving the flank exposed. It was a major blunder that contributed to the British Army suffering a reversal at the battle. The document disputes the British explanation that it was due to a misheard order, arguing there would have been a harsher judgment if a native cavalry unit had fled in the same way.
this presentation is made by zoaid consist of all event occur 1857 it may help you in additional studies this presentation is confirmed my ASIF NAZIR the teacher.
any query zoaidkhan1080@gmail.com email me i'll solve it
This document provides biographical and historical information about the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). It discusses his birthplace and date, family members, wives, children, key events in his life like receiving the first revelation and the Hijra, and companions like Abu Bakr, Umar, Usman, and Ali. It also provides details on Islamic concepts like the types of hadith, caliphates, and prominent figures from Islamic history.
This document provides a summary of the British Army's operations in Afghanistan during the Fourth Afghan War from the perspective of the author, who worked as a consultant in Afghanistan from 2004-present. Some key points:
- The author witnessed British Army operations firsthand and argues they lacked clear strategy, with troops sent into Helmand province in small groups without adequate consideration of risks.
- Political motivations like currying favor with the US and opportunities for career advancement led to poor military decisions by British leaders.
- Troops were vulnerable to ambush walking into traps set by the Taliban, who stepped up operations in Helmand in response to the British presence.
- Without proper strategy or understanding of local dynamics,
Dr hamid hussain corrects william dalrymple's distortionsAgha A
This document discusses the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857-59 from the perspective of analyzing Sepoy perceptions of the military effectiveness of the East India Company (EEIC). It argues that over time from 1804 to 1857, the Sepoys' absolute faith in the invincibility of the EEIC military began to change as they witnessed some key military defeats and retreats, such as against the Mahrattas in 1804, failure to capture the Bhurtpore fort in 1805, reversals in the Nepal War of 1814-16, and the retreat from Kabul in the first Afghan War in 1842. These events shook the Sepoys' confidence in the military prowess and leadership abilities of the British
The document contains 30 geography questions with multiple choice answers. It covers topics like seas named after colors, mountain ranges, islands, peaks, winds, currents, countries and their flags/names, provinces, lakes, time zones, cities, regions, deltas, and more. The questions require identifying places, geographic features, and locations based on clues provided in the questions.
(1) Olaudah Equiano was kidnapped from Africa as a child and endured the horrors of the Middle Passage and slavery, yet he taught himself to read and write English. (2) After gaining his freedom, he became a prominent abolitionist leader in England, publishing an influential narrative about his life experience. (3) Equiano's narrative was a powerful tool for the abolition movement as it evoked compassion and persuaded readers of the immorality of the slave trade through Equiano's first-
The British East India Company gradually expanded its control over India as the Mughal Empire declined in the 1700s and 1800s. Key events included Robert Clive's victory over the Nawab of Bengal at the Battle of Plassey in 1757, which established Company rule in Bengal. The Company exploited India's resources and restricted its industry. This caused economic problems and famines. It also modernized India through infrastructure projects and education. However, British policies disrespected Indian culture and oppressed the Indian people, leading to the Sepoy Mutiny against the Company in 1857.
Myths and misconceptions exclusion an important cause etc-part 4Agha A
Major Agha H Amin is a retired Pakistani Army tank corps major who has written extensively on military and political issues in Pakistan and Afghanistan. He has authored several books and served as editor for several journals. He currently heads the think tank Centre for Study of Intelligence Operations.
The document discusses various causes and impacts of the 1857 Sepoy Mutiny in India against British colonial rule. It argues that exclusion of Indians from higher ranks and government positions was a main cause of resentment. After the rebellion, the British took steps to include more Indians in government to prevent further unrest. However, the British also adopted policies favoring feudal landowners over taxing the agricultural classes more heavily, shifting taxation burdens to urban professional classes instead
The document provides information on various topics related to Indian history and culture. It discusses how Satyendranath Tagore was the first Indian to join the Indian Civil Service. It also provides facts about the Indian defense forces and discusses historical events like the Battle of Cawnpore during the Indian Mutiny. Additionally, it shares interesting facts about religions in India, the oldest university being established in India, and places deriving their names from Sanskrit words.
This document provides a firsthand account of British Army operations in Afghanistan from 2004-2014 as seen by the author, a consultant who worked in Afghanistan during that time. It describes how the British operations lacked clear strategy and purpose, with troops sent into Helmand province in small, vulnerable groups ("penny packets") without sufficient consideration for the local conditions and threat of the Taliban. This approach directly played into the hands of the Taliban and resulted in needless British casualties. Political leaders like Tony Blair sent the troops to Afghanistan without a coherent strategic aim, simply to appease the US, while ignoring local dynamics and making the soldiers targets.
Nana Saheb was adopted by the exiled Maratha Peshwa Baji Rao II and was heir to the throne. However, when Baji Rao died, the British East India Company stopped Nana's pension and took over the kingdom using the Doctrine of Lapse. During the 1857 revolt, Nana gained the trust of the British in Cawnpore but then joined the rebellion. He laid siege to the British forces and agreed to let them leave safely, but they were massacred at the Satichaura Ghat. Nana then disappeared and his fate remains unknown, though he came to symbolize the resistance against the British.
The 1857 War of Independence began as a mutiny by Indian soldiers (sepoys) in the Bengal Army of the British East India Company. The rebellion started on May 10th, 1857 in Meerut, India and soon spread to Delhi and other regions. Dissatisfaction had been growing among Indian soldiers in the East India Company's army due to new equipment and rumors that the new cartridges for firearms were greased with animal fat that violated Hindu and Muslim beliefs. The rebellion was led by both Hindu and Muslim soldiers as well as Indian rulers like the Rani of Jhansi who wanted independence from British rule. While the rebellion was eventually suppressed by the British, it marked the end of Company rule in India and
The Indian Rebellion of 1857 began as a mutiny of sepoys in the town of Meerut on May 10, 1857 and escalated into widespread rebellions across northern and central India. The rebellion posed a major threat to British East India Company rule in the region. Key leaders of the rebellion included Bahadur Shah Zafar, the last Mughal emperor, Mangal Pandey, Rani Laxmibai of Jhansi, Begum Hazrat Mahal of Awadh, Nana Sahib of Kanpur, and others. The rebellion was ultimately suppressed by 1859, marking the end of Company rule and beginning of direct British rule over India.
Jhansi and central india were mickey mouse affairs of 1857Agha A
1) The Sepoy Rebellion in Central India involved fewer troops than other campaigns like Delhi and Lucknow, and was a more minor affair strategically.
2) However, it was significant due to the involvement of charismatic leaders like the Rani of Jhansi, Tantia Topi, and Feroz Shah, who led rebel forces and troubled the British.
3) The rebellion in Central India developed more slowly than other regions, with Bengal Army troops and princely state contingents rebelling between June and July 1857 across locations like Jhansi, Gwalior, and Saugor.
A summary of lecture delivered by Ed Emeka Keazor at the School of Oriental and African Studies: World Igbo Conference. May 2014. Spanning over 1000 years of History and celebrating pioneers such as the 9th Century Priest King, through the first Igbo Legislators of the 1920's, on to the modern day Renaissance stars of global Arts.
The document provides a detailed account of the British assault and capture of Delhi during the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857. It describes the positions of the British columns around Delhi on September 14th and the heavy artillery fire used to weaken defenses. It then summarizes the assaults of each column, including delays in breaching the city walls. It discusses the heavy casualties suffered by the British on the first day and their subsequent demoralization from looting and drunkenness. It analyzes how the Sepoys could have defeated the British if they had launched a vigorous counterattack when the British troops were hesitant. The capture of Delhi was a decisive victory that helped the British maintain control over most of India.
Images of William Penn and the Founding of PennsylvaniaAmy LC
William Penn grew up in Great Britain and joined the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) who faced persecution in England. King Charles II offered Penn land in North America due to a debt owed to Penn's father. In 1681, Penn sailed to North America to establish the colony of Pennsylvania based on principles of religious freedom and fair treatment of Native Americans. Penn established the city of Philadelphia and enacted fair policies, though Native Americans later lost their lands after Penn.
A Lot of Assorted Nonsense About Afghanistan From Eric MargolisAgha A
This document provides commentary and analysis regarding the British Empire's involvement in Afghanistan. It discusses the failed British invasion of Afghanistan in the 19th century and the recent US-led NATO mission in Afghanistan. Major points made include:
- The British retreat from Kabul in 1842 involved a brigade of 700 British troops and 4,500 Indian troops retreating in harsh conditions and being attacked by over 30,000 Afghans.
- The US goal in Afghanistan was to gain bases near Central Asian oil and block China, but after 11 years and $1 trillion, this effort failed, representing a military and political defeat for the US.
- Remaining US troops in Afghanistan after 2014 withdrawals may face attacks from Pasht
This document provides information about Pakistan and pre-partition Indian history in a question-answer format. It includes questions about early Muslim invaders of India, Mughal emperors, the establishment of British rule in India, independence movement leaders, and the founding of educational and political institutions in the 19th century. The document also lists important dates, people, and events related to the history of the subcontinent before and during the British colonial period. It aims to be a reference for multiple choice questions on Pakistan affairs and pre-partition Indian history.
1) Abdul Ghaffar Khan founded the Khudai Khidmatgar movement in 1929, organizing Pashtuns in the Northwest Frontier Province to nonviolently oppose British rule through civil resistance.
2) Known as the "Red Shirts," members of the movement took a solemn oath to serve humanity nonviolently and help with social work for at least two hours daily.
3) The Khudai Khidmatgar movement saw some success in gaining concessions from the British and electing Ghaffar Khan's brother to lead the provincial government, but ultimately fell short of full independence for the region.
An Illustrious British cavalry-regiment-that-fled-the-battlefieldAgha A
The document summarizes the Battle of Chillianwallah which took place on January 13, 1849 between the British and Sikh armies. It describes how the HM 14th Light Dragoons cavalry regiment fled from the battlefield, abandoning their position and leaving the flank exposed. It was a major blunder that contributed to the British Army suffering a reversal at the battle. The document disputes the British explanation that it was due to a misheard order, arguing there would have been a harsher judgment if a native cavalry unit had fled in the same way.
this presentation is made by zoaid consist of all event occur 1857 it may help you in additional studies this presentation is confirmed my ASIF NAZIR the teacher.
any query zoaidkhan1080@gmail.com email me i'll solve it
This document provides biographical and historical information about the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). It discusses his birthplace and date, family members, wives, children, key events in his life like receiving the first revelation and the Hijra, and companions like Abu Bakr, Umar, Usman, and Ali. It also provides details on Islamic concepts like the types of hadith, caliphates, and prominent figures from Islamic history.
This document provides a summary of the British Army's operations in Afghanistan during the Fourth Afghan War from the perspective of the author, who worked as a consultant in Afghanistan from 2004-present. Some key points:
- The author witnessed British Army operations firsthand and argues they lacked clear strategy, with troops sent into Helmand province in small groups without adequate consideration of risks.
- Political motivations like currying favor with the US and opportunities for career advancement led to poor military decisions by British leaders.
- Troops were vulnerable to ambush walking into traps set by the Taliban, who stepped up operations in Helmand in response to the British presence.
- Without proper strategy or understanding of local dynamics,
Dr hamid hussain corrects william dalrymple's distortionsAgha A
This document discusses the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857-59 from the perspective of analyzing Sepoy perceptions of the military effectiveness of the East India Company (EEIC). It argues that over time from 1804 to 1857, the Sepoys' absolute faith in the invincibility of the EEIC military began to change as they witnessed some key military defeats and retreats, such as against the Mahrattas in 1804, failure to capture the Bhurtpore fort in 1805, reversals in the Nepal War of 1814-16, and the retreat from Kabul in the first Afghan War in 1842. These events shook the Sepoys' confidence in the military prowess and leadership abilities of the British
The document contains 30 geography questions with multiple choice answers. It covers topics like seas named after colors, mountain ranges, islands, peaks, winds, currents, countries and their flags/names, provinces, lakes, time zones, cities, regions, deltas, and more. The questions require identifying places, geographic features, and locations based on clues provided in the questions.
(1) Olaudah Equiano was kidnapped from Africa as a child and endured the horrors of the Middle Passage and slavery, yet he taught himself to read and write English. (2) After gaining his freedom, he became a prominent abolitionist leader in England, publishing an influential narrative about his life experience. (3) Equiano's narrative was a powerful tool for the abolition movement as it evoked compassion and persuaded readers of the immorality of the slave trade through Equiano's first-
The British East India Company gradually expanded its control over India as the Mughal Empire declined in the 1700s and 1800s. Key events included Robert Clive's victory over the Nawab of Bengal at the Battle of Plassey in 1757, which established Company rule in Bengal. The Company exploited India's resources and restricted its industry. This caused economic problems and famines. It also modernized India through infrastructure projects and education. However, British policies disrespected Indian culture and oppressed the Indian people, leading to the Sepoy Mutiny against the Company in 1857.
Myths and misconceptions exclusion an important cause etc-part 4Agha A
Major Agha H Amin is a retired Pakistani Army tank corps major who has written extensively on military and political issues in Pakistan and Afghanistan. He has authored several books and served as editor for several journals. He currently heads the think tank Centre for Study of Intelligence Operations.
The document discusses various causes and impacts of the 1857 Sepoy Mutiny in India against British colonial rule. It argues that exclusion of Indians from higher ranks and government positions was a main cause of resentment. After the rebellion, the British took steps to include more Indians in government to prevent further unrest. However, the British also adopted policies favoring feudal landowners over taxing the agricultural classes more heavily, shifting taxation burdens to urban professional classes instead
The document provides information on various topics related to Indian history and culture. It discusses how Satyendranath Tagore was the first Indian to join the Indian Civil Service. It also provides facts about the Indian defense forces and discusses historical events like the Battle of Cawnpore during the Indian Mutiny. Additionally, it shares interesting facts about religions in India, the oldest university being established in India, and places deriving their names from Sanskrit words.
This document provides a firsthand account of British Army operations in Afghanistan from 2004-2014 as seen by the author, a consultant who worked in Afghanistan during that time. It describes how the British operations lacked clear strategy and purpose, with troops sent into Helmand province in small, vulnerable groups ("penny packets") without sufficient consideration for the local conditions and threat of the Taliban. This approach directly played into the hands of the Taliban and resulted in needless British casualties. Political leaders like Tony Blair sent the troops to Afghanistan without a coherent strategic aim, simply to appease the US, while ignoring local dynamics and making the soldiers targets.
Nana Saheb was adopted by the exiled Maratha Peshwa Baji Rao II and was heir to the throne. However, when Baji Rao died, the British East India Company stopped Nana's pension and took over the kingdom using the Doctrine of Lapse. During the 1857 revolt, Nana gained the trust of the British in Cawnpore but then joined the rebellion. He laid siege to the British forces and agreed to let them leave safely, but they were massacred at the Satichaura Ghat. Nana then disappeared and his fate remains unknown, though he came to symbolize the resistance against the British.
The 1857 War of Independence began as a mutiny by Indian soldiers (sepoys) in the Bengal Army of the British East India Company. The rebellion started on May 10th, 1857 in Meerut, India and soon spread to Delhi and other regions. Dissatisfaction had been growing among Indian soldiers in the East India Company's army due to new equipment and rumors that the new cartridges for firearms were greased with animal fat that violated Hindu and Muslim beliefs. The rebellion was led by both Hindu and Muslim soldiers as well as Indian rulers like the Rani of Jhansi who wanted independence from British rule. While the rebellion was eventually suppressed by the British, it marked the end of Company rule in India and
The document discusses the Revolt of 1857 against British rule in India. It provides economic, political, social, and military causes for the revolt. The revolt spread across northern and central India led by figures like Nana Sahib and Rani Lakshmibai. While the revolt was large in scale, it ultimately failed due to lack of unity and organization among the rebels. As a result of the revolt, control of India was transferred from the East India Company to the British Crown.
This presentation introduces several heroes of the Revolt of 1857 against British rule in India. It discusses key figures such as Mangal Pandey, Bahadur Shah Zafar, Nana Saheb, Rani Lakshmi Bai, Bakht Khan, Rao Tularam, Kunwar Singh, and Begum Hazrat Mahal who led the uprising in an attempt to overthrow the East India Company's control over the subcontinent. The document provides brief biographies on each of these leaders of the rebellion, outlining their roles and contributions in resisting British colonial domination in 1857.
The document provides background information on the Revolt of 1857 in India against British rule. It discusses the political, social, economic and military causes that led to widespread dissatisfaction and unrest among Indians. The revolt began as a mutiny of sepoys in the East India Company's army over new gunpowder cartridges but quickly escalated as many rulers, peasants, tribes and others joined in. Key figures who led the revolt included Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi, Mangal Pandey and Begum Hazrat Mahal. However, the revolt ultimately failed due to lack of unity and centralized leadership among the various groups involved.
The document summarizes the impact of British rule in India in the mid-19th century, including the loss of power and authority experienced by Indian kings and rulers. It describes how various groups like peasants, sepoys, and religious communities grew unhappy with British policies. This led to a major rebellion in 1857 starting in Meerut, and spreading across northern and central India. Though the British eventually suppressed the rebellion by 1859, it changed their approach to ruling India going forward.
The document discusses the Revolt of 1857 in India, also known as the First War of Indian Independence. It provides background on earlier rebellions and uprisings. The Revolt of 1857 began as a mutiny of Indian sepoys in the East India Company's army but eventually garnered mass participation. Political, social, religious, economic and military grievances all contributed to causes of the revolt. Key events included the capture and brief occupation of Delhi by rebel sepoys, and centers of revolt in Kanpur, Lucknow, and Jhansi led by Nana Saheb, Begum Hazrat Mahal, and Rani Laxmi Bai respectively. The revolt was suppressed by the British with
- In 1857, sepoys in the British East India Company's army mutinied in Meerut over new equipment and punishments. They freed imprisoned sepoys and declared war on the British.
- The sepoys traveled to Delhi and convinced the Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar to support their rebellion. Many rulers and peasants then rose up against British rule across northern India.
- The rebellion spread rapidly as many resented British interference and taxation. However, the British eventually regained control by 1859 through military victories and policies to win back Indian loyalty. The East India Company's power was transferred to the British Crown.
The document provides information on the causes and leaders of the 1857 revolt in India against British rule. It discusses religious, political, socio-economic and military causes for the revolt, including issues related to new Enfield rifle cartridges, land policies, taxation, and status of Indian soldiers. Key leaders who led revolt forces in different regions included Mangal Pandey, Nana Sahib, Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi, Tatya Tope, Kunwar Singh, and Begum Hazrat Mahal of Awadh. The revolt ultimately failed due to lack of coordination, planning, weapons, and full popular support across India.
How the British neglect their military heroes and their gravesAgha A
This document provides an account of the Battle of Chillianwallah fought in 1849 between British and Sikh forces. It summarizes that the battle was highly significant as it was one of the bloodiest battles for the British in India and marked a rare defeat for them, despite having numerical advantages. The battle damaged the prestige of the British military and influenced rising nationalist sentiments in India, contributing to the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857.
The revolt of 1857 was an unsuccessful uprising against British rule in India that began in Meerut on May 10, 1857 by Indian soldiers. It lasted for around a year and resulted in the end of the East India Company's rule in India, with control being transferred to the British Crown. Some of the key leaders of the revolt included Rani Lakshmi Bai of Jhansi, Nana Sahib of Kanpur, and Bahadur Shah II in Delhi. However, the revolt lacked strong centralized leadership and was eventually suppressed by the British military, who regained control of India.
The 1857 revolt began as a mutiny of sepoys in Meerut in response to the new cartridges but quickly escalated. Dissatisfaction had been growing among Indians due to British policies like annexation, doctrine of lapse, and economic exploitation. In Delhi, Bahadur Shah II was declared the leader but the city fell to the British in September 1857. The revolt spread to Awadh, Kanpur, Jhansi, and other regions, led by figures like Nana Sahib, the Rani of Jhansi, and Khan Bahadur Khan, but it was suppressed by July 1858. The revolt weakened Mughal power and led the British to transfer control of India to the Crown
The War of Independence of 1857 was an effort by Indians to overthrow British rule in India. It began as a mutiny of Indian soldiers (sepoys) in the Bengal army who refused to use ammunition greased with animal fat due to religious reasons. The rebellion soon spread to other areas, with Delhi, Kanpur, Lucknow becoming centers of revolt. While the rebels had initial success in capturing key cities, they ultimately failed due to lack of unity and central leadership. The British regained control and dissolved the East India Company, establishing direct rule over India.
When People Rebel Powerpnt Presentation.pptxSaatvik5
The document discusses the impact of British rule in India beginning in the mid-18th century. It summarizes that the British gradually eroded the power of Nawabs, rajas, and the Mughal dynasty. They reduced the authority of Indian rulers and took over revenues and territories. The policies of the British East India Company angered many groups in India, including peasants, soldiers, and religious communities. In 1857, this anger erupted in the Sepoy Mutiny, a widespread rebellion that threatened British rule across large parts of India. It took the British until 1859 to suppress the rebellion and regain control.
war of independence : 1857
the revolt was the first independence war but the British said This is the rebellion, mutiny.this war is between the Indian soldiers and British Indian army .
Rani Lakshmibai was the queen of Jhansi, a princely state in North India. After the death of her husband, the king, the British East India Company annexed Jhansi under the Doctrine of Lapse and forced Lakshmibai to leave the palace. During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, she emerged as a leading rebel leader, determined to regain control of Jhansi. She scored several victories against the British but was eventually killed in battle in June 1858. Her defiance and military skills made her a symbol of resistance against British colonial rule.
The 1857 revolt was sparked by various British policies that disrespected Indian traditions and rulers. The Doctrine of Lapse and other social changes angered both Hindus and Muslims. Key figures like Mangal Pandey, Rani Lakshmi Bai, and Bahadur Shah II led uprisings in many major cities across northern India. Although the revolt ultimately failed, it marked the beginning of the Indian independence movement and led the British to transfer power over India from the East India Company to the British Crown.
This ppt is a short note on chapter the revolt of 1857. The revolt of 1857 also known as the first war of independence fought between east india company and the indian peasents,soilders and all people who were affected by the policies of east india company.
The document provides an acknowledgment and contents section for a project on the 1857 rebellion in India. It thanks the teacher and principal for providing the opportunity to do the project, and the author's parents for their support. The contents section lists topics that will be covered, including the decline of Nawab power; failed negotiations of ruling families; discontent among peasants, sepoys and religious policies; the planning to end the Mughal dynasty; key figures and places in the rebellion; and aftermath reforms by the British.
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3. NANA SAHEB The First War of Independence (1857-58) was the first general widespread uprising against the rule of the British East India Company. The Doctrine of Lapse, issue of cartridges greased with animal fat to Indian soldiers, introduction of British system of education and a number of social reforms had infuriated a very wide section of the Indian people, who rose in revolt at a number of places all over India. The East India Company was brought under the direct rule of the British Crown as a result of this uprising. Of the very large number of freedom fighters, who led the struggle, four are being commemorated through the present series, which is a part of the larger series on India's Struggle for Freedom. A Maratha, one of the leaders of the First War of Independence, Nana Saheb was born in 1824 to Narayan Bhatt and Ganga Bai. In 1827 his parents went to the court of the last Peshwa Baji Rao, who adopted Nana Saheb, thus making him heir-presumptive to the throne.
4. Nana Saheb was well educated. He studied Sanskrit and was known for his deep religious nature. On the death of the last Peshwa, Baji Rao-II, in 1851 the Company's Government stopped the annual pension and the title. Nana Saheb's appeal to the Court of Directors was not accepted. This made him hostile towards the British rulers. When the First War of Independence broke out, he assumed leadership of the mutineers in Kanpur. After seizing Kanpur, which had a small British garrison, Nana Saheb proclaimed himself the Peshwa and called for the total extermination of the British power in India. Kanpur was recaptured by the British under General Havelock and the last serious engagement (16 July, 1857) resulted in a total rout of Nana's forces. Nana rode away to an unknown destination in Nepal in 1859 and probably perished in the jungle.
5. Introduction The First War of Independence (1857-58) was the first general widespread uprising against the rule of the British East India Company. The Doctrine of Lapse, issue of cartridges greased with animal fat to Indian soldiers, introduction of British system of education and a number of social reforms had infuriated a very wide section of the Indian people, who rose in revolt at a number of places all over India. The East India Company was brought under the direct rule of the British Crown as a result of this uprising. Nana Sahib Of the very large number of freedom fighters, who led the struggle, four are being commemorated through the present series, which is a part of the larger series on India's Struggle for Freedom. A Maratha, one of the leaders of the First War of Independence, Nana Saheb was born in 1824 to Narayan Bhatt and Ganga Bai. In 1827 his parents went to the court of the last Peshwa Baji Rao, who adopted Nana Saheb, thus making him heir-presumptive to the throne.
6. Nana Saheb was well educated. He studied Sanskrit and was known for his deep religious nature. On the death of the last Peshwa, Baji Rao-II, in 1851 the Company's Government stopped the annual pension and the title. Nana Saheb's appeal to the Court of Directors was not accepted. This made him hostile towards the British rulers. When the First War of Independence broke out, he assumed leadership of the mutineers in Kanpur. After seizing Kanpur, which had a small British garrison, Nana Saheb proclaimed himself the Peshwa and called for the total extermination of the British power in India. Kanpur was recaptured by the British under General Havelock and the last serious engagement (16 July, 1857) resulted in a total rout of Nana's forces. Nana rode away to an unknown destination in Nepal in 1859 and probably perished in the jungle.
7. Early days Nana Sahib was born as Dhondu Pant in to Narayan Bhatt and Ganga Bai. In 1827, he was adopted by the Maratha Peshwe Baji Rao II. Baji Rao II was exiled to Bithoor (near Kanpur) by the East India Company. Nana Sahib was brought up in Bithoor. Nana Sahib's close associates included Tantya Tope and Azimullah Khan. Tatya Tope was the son of Pandurang Rao Tope, an important noble at the court of the Peshwa Baji Rao II. After Baji Rao was exiled to Bithoor, Pandurang Rao and his family also shifted there. Tantya Tope became the most intimate friend of Nana Sahib. Azimullah Khan was an anglophobe Muslim, who joined the court of Nana Sahib as Secretary, after the death of Baji Rao II in 1851. He later became the dewan in Nana Sahib's court.
8. Pension Through his adoption, Nana Sahib was heir-presumptive to the throne, and was eligible for an annual pension of £80,000 from the East India Company. However, after the death of Baji Rao II, the Company stopped the pension on the grounds that Nana Sahib was not a natural born heir. Nana Sahib was highly offended, and sent his envoy (Azimullah Khan) to England in 1853 to plead his case with the British Government. However, Azimullah Khan was unable to convince the British to resume the pension, and returned to India in 1855.
9. Bibighar massacre The surviving British women and children, around 120 in number, were moved from the Savada House to Bibighar ("the House of the Ladies"), a villa-type house in Kanpur. They were later joined by some other women and children, the survivors from General Wheeler's boat. Another group of British women and children from Fatehgarh, and some other captive European women were also confined to Bibighar. In total, there were around 200 women and children in Bibighar.[10] Nana Sahib placed the care for these survivors under a prostitute called Hussaini Khanum (also known as Hussaini Begum). He decided to use these prisoners for bargaining with the East India Company.[1] The Company forces consisting of around 1000 British, 150 Sikh soldiers and 30 irregular cavalry had set out from Allahabad, under the command of General Henry Havelock, to retake Kanpur and Lucknow.[9] Havelock's forces were later joined by the forces under the command of Major Renaud and James Neill. Nana Sahib demanded that the East India Company forces under General Havelock and Neill retreat to Allahabad. However, the Company forces advanced relentlessly towards Kanpur. Nana Sahib sent an army to check their advance. The two armies met at Fatehpur on July 12, where General Havelock's forces emerged victorious and captured the town.
10. Nana Sahib placed the care for these survivors under a prostitute called Hussaini Khanum (also known as Hussaini Begum). He decided to use these prisoners for bargaining with the East India Company.[1] The Company forces consisting of around 1000 British, 150 Sikh soldiers and 30 irregular cavalry had set out from Allahabad, under the command of General Henry Havelock, to retake Kanpur and Lucknow.[9] Havelock's forces were later joined by the forces under the command of Major Renaud and James Neill. Nana Sahib demanded that the East India Company forces under General Havelock and Neill retreat to Allahabad. However, the Company forces advanced relentlessly towards Kanpur. Nana Sahib sent an army to check their advance. The two armies met at Fatehpur on July 12, where General Havelock's forces emerged victorious and captured the town.
11. Nana Sahib, and his associates, including Tatya Tope and Azimullah Khan, debated about what to do with the captives at Bibighar. Some of Nana Sahib's advisors had already decided to kill the captives at Bibighar, as revenge for the murders of Indians by the advancing British forces.[11] The women of Nana Sahib's household opposed the decision and went on a hunger strike, but their efforts went in vain.[11] Finally, on July 15, an order was given to kill the women and children imprisoned at Bibighar, despite strong objection from Nana Sahib. Although some Company historians stated that the order for the massacre was given by Nana Sahib[9], the details of the incident, such as who ordered the massacre, are not clear.[10][12] According to some sources, Azimullah Khan ordered the killings of women and children at Bibigarh.[13]
12. At first, the rebel sepoys refused to obey the order of killing women and children, but some of them agreed to remove the women and children from the courtyard, when Tatya Tope threatened them with execution for dereliction of duty. Nana Sahib left the building because he didn't want to be a witness to the enfolding massacre.[1]
13. The British women and children were ordered to come out of the assembly rooms, but they refused to do so. The rebel soldiers then started firing through the holes in the boarded windows. After the first round of firing, the soldiers were disturbed by the cries of the captives, and adamantly refused to fire at the women and children. An angry Begum Hussaini Khanum termed the sepoys' act as cowardice, and asked her lover Sarvur Khan to finish the job of killing the captives.[1] Sarvur Khan hired some butchers, who murdered the surviving women and children with cleavers. A few women and children had managed to survive by hiding under the other dead bodies. The women and some of the children committed suicide by jumping into a well in the Bibighar compound next morning, while a few other children were killed. The dead bodies of the previously killed British women and children were also thrown into the same well.
14. Nana Sahib then sent another force under the command of his brother, Bala Rao. On July 15, the British forces under General Havelock defeated Bala Rao's army in the Battle of Aong, just outside the Aong village.[1] On July 16, General Havelock's forces started advancing to Kanpur. During the Battle of Aong, Havelock was able to capture some of the rebel soldiers, who informed him that there was an army of 5,000 rebel soldiers with 8 artillery pieces further up the road. Havelock decided to launch a flank attack on this army, but the rebel soldiers spotted the flanking maneuver and opened fire. The battle resulted in heavy casualties on both sides, but cleared the road to Kanpur for the British. By this time, it became clear that the Company forces were approaching Kanpur, and Nana Sahib's bargaining attempts had failed. Nana Sahib was informed that the British troops led by Havelock and Neill were indulging in violence against the Indian villagers.[11] Some believe that the Bibighar massacre was a reaction to the news of violence being perpetrated by the advancing British troops.[7]
15. Recapture of Kanpur by the British The Company forces reached Kanpur on July 16, 1857. General Havelock was informed that Nana Sahib had taken up a position at the Ahirwa village. His forces launched an attack on Nana Sahib's forces, and emerged victorious. Nana Sahib then blew up the Cawnpore magazine, abandoned the place, and retreated to Bithoor. When the British soldiers came to know about the Bibighar massacre, they indulged in retaliatory violence, including looting and burning of houses.[1][14] On July 19, General Havelock resumed operations at Bithoor, but Nana Sahib had already escaped. Nana Sahib's palace at Bithoor was occupied without resistance. The British troops seized guns, elephants and camels, and set Nana Sahib's palace to fire.
16. Nana Sahib disappeared after the British recapture of Kanpur. His general, Tantya Tope, tried to recapture Kanpur in November 1857, after gathering a large army, mainly consisting of the rebel soldiers from the Gwalior contingent. He managed to take control of all the routes west and north-west of Kanpur, but was later defeated in the Second Battle of Cawnpore. Disappearance
17. In September 1857, Nana Sahib was reported to have fallen to malarious fever; however, this is doubtful. By 1859, Nana Sahib was reported to have fled to Nepal. In February 1860, the British were informed that Nana Sahib's wives had taken refuge in Nepal, where they resided in a house close to Thapathali. Nana Sahib himself was reported to be living in the interior of the Nepal.[15] Nana Sahib's ultimate fate was never known. Up until 1888 there were rumours and reports that he had been captured and a number of individuals turned themselves in to the British claiming to be the aged Nana. As the majority of these reports turned out to be untrue further attempts at apprehending him were abandoned. After the independence of India, Nana Sahib was hailed as a freedom fighter, and the Nana-Rao park in Kanpur was constructed in honor of Nana Sahib and his brother, Bala Rao.
18. Any attempt to explain the revolt of 1857 as traditional India's rejection of modern reform is far too crude. Impulses towards change before then had been weak and uneven. In Bengal and in the south, which had long been under British rule, there were no revolts. In the areas that did rebel in 1857, the British seem to have succeeded in creating disaffection, and deposed noble Indians from their thrones, without as yet attracting significant support.