In Civilizational march of HInduism, we have proved that culture advances without political motives, trade can proceed without imperialist designs, settlements can take place without colonial excesses and literature, religion and language can be transported without xenophobia.
Impact of Hindu Civilization on the world Swadesh Singh
The document discusses the spread and influence of Hinduism in different parts of Asia and the world through three waves. Hinduism spread peacefully through cultural exchange, influencing languages, scripts, calendars, and art in Southeast Asian countries like Indonesia, Cambodia, Myanmar, and others. Hindu ideas and deities had a profound impact and are still reflected in many aspects of culture, architecture, and literature in these regions historically known as greater India. Angkor Wat is presented as the prime example of Hindu architectural influence.
Indian culture is one of the oldest and most diverse in the world. It has survived and adapted to modern times while maintaining traditions. There are many distinct regional cultures across India due to its vast size and geographical diversity. Some common threads that unite Indians are pressing hands together in greeting and love for cultural traditions, despite millions of people speaking over 100 languages. Major festivals celebrate important events in Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism and mark changing seasons. Traditional clothing and textiles also vary significantly by region.
India has tremendous diversity in terms of religions, languages, cultures, geography, and climate. There are over 200 languages spoken and virtually every major religion has a strong presence. Culturally, there are rich traditions around dress, festivals, and customs that vary widely by region. Geographically, India consists of the Himalayan mountain ranges, the Indo-Gangetic plain, the desert region, and the peninsular south. This diversity has posed challenges but Indians also take great pride in their varied heritage.
R. Gowtham, a civil engineer from Sree Sakthi Engineering College in Coimbatore, India, presented on various aspects of Indian culture. The presentation covered religions, cuisine, clothing, languages, performing arts, visual arts, sports, martial arts, and popular media in India. It discussed how Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism originated in India and how religions influence family, marriage, greetings, festivals, names, and treatment of animals. It also summarized various regional cuisines, traditional clothing styles, major languages, classical and folk dances, painting, sculpture, architecture, popular sports like cricket and field hockey, martial arts like kalarippayattu and sil
India is the second most populous country located in South Asia. It has a diverse landscape and climate. The main religions practiced are Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism, and Jainism. India has a long tradition of arranged marriages and greetings involve folding hands together. Indian food varies widely by region but is known for its spice and use of rice, breads, lentils, and vegetables. The caste system was historically important to Indian society but is now illegal. Indian authors have made significant contributions to literature.
India is located in South Asia and has a diverse landscape that includes the Himalayan mountains and coastlines. It has a population of over 1.3 billion people and is home to many religions and languages. Some key facts about India include:
- It has 29 states and 7 union territories with Delhi as its capital.
- Major languages include Hindi, English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi and Tamil.
- Hinduism is the dominant religion practiced by around 80% of the population.
- India has a rich cultural heritage that is expressed through traditions like festivals, cuisine, clothing, art, music and dance.
- It has made many scientific and mathematical contributions to the
The document provides an overview of Indian culture, covering topics such as religions and spirituality, languages and literature, food, marriage, festivals, epics, sculpture and architecture, painting, agriculture, clothing, and music and dance. It notes that Indian culture is an amalgamation of sub-cultures that are several millennia old. Key elements of diverse Indian culture include religions, yoga, cuisine, clothing, festivals, and languages.
The document discusses Jawahar Lal Nehru's essay on "The Variety and Unity of India", noting that while India is extremely diverse in its people's physical appearances, languages, foods, and customs depending on their state or region, they also share common bonds and qualities that make them distinctly Indian, and the conception of nationalism has become an increasingly uniting force. It explores examples of differences between groups like Tamils and Pathans as well as similarities in customs between border regions and neighboring countries.
Impact of Hindu Civilization on the world Swadesh Singh
The document discusses the spread and influence of Hinduism in different parts of Asia and the world through three waves. Hinduism spread peacefully through cultural exchange, influencing languages, scripts, calendars, and art in Southeast Asian countries like Indonesia, Cambodia, Myanmar, and others. Hindu ideas and deities had a profound impact and are still reflected in many aspects of culture, architecture, and literature in these regions historically known as greater India. Angkor Wat is presented as the prime example of Hindu architectural influence.
Indian culture is one of the oldest and most diverse in the world. It has survived and adapted to modern times while maintaining traditions. There are many distinct regional cultures across India due to its vast size and geographical diversity. Some common threads that unite Indians are pressing hands together in greeting and love for cultural traditions, despite millions of people speaking over 100 languages. Major festivals celebrate important events in Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism and mark changing seasons. Traditional clothing and textiles also vary significantly by region.
India has tremendous diversity in terms of religions, languages, cultures, geography, and climate. There are over 200 languages spoken and virtually every major religion has a strong presence. Culturally, there are rich traditions around dress, festivals, and customs that vary widely by region. Geographically, India consists of the Himalayan mountain ranges, the Indo-Gangetic plain, the desert region, and the peninsular south. This diversity has posed challenges but Indians also take great pride in their varied heritage.
R. Gowtham, a civil engineer from Sree Sakthi Engineering College in Coimbatore, India, presented on various aspects of Indian culture. The presentation covered religions, cuisine, clothing, languages, performing arts, visual arts, sports, martial arts, and popular media in India. It discussed how Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism originated in India and how religions influence family, marriage, greetings, festivals, names, and treatment of animals. It also summarized various regional cuisines, traditional clothing styles, major languages, classical and folk dances, painting, sculpture, architecture, popular sports like cricket and field hockey, martial arts like kalarippayattu and sil
India is the second most populous country located in South Asia. It has a diverse landscape and climate. The main religions practiced are Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism, and Jainism. India has a long tradition of arranged marriages and greetings involve folding hands together. Indian food varies widely by region but is known for its spice and use of rice, breads, lentils, and vegetables. The caste system was historically important to Indian society but is now illegal. Indian authors have made significant contributions to literature.
India is located in South Asia and has a diverse landscape that includes the Himalayan mountains and coastlines. It has a population of over 1.3 billion people and is home to many religions and languages. Some key facts about India include:
- It has 29 states and 7 union territories with Delhi as its capital.
- Major languages include Hindi, English, Bengali, Telugu, Marathi and Tamil.
- Hinduism is the dominant religion practiced by around 80% of the population.
- India has a rich cultural heritage that is expressed through traditions like festivals, cuisine, clothing, art, music and dance.
- It has made many scientific and mathematical contributions to the
The document provides an overview of Indian culture, covering topics such as religions and spirituality, languages and literature, food, marriage, festivals, epics, sculpture and architecture, painting, agriculture, clothing, and music and dance. It notes that Indian culture is an amalgamation of sub-cultures that are several millennia old. Key elements of diverse Indian culture include religions, yoga, cuisine, clothing, festivals, and languages.
The document discusses Jawahar Lal Nehru's essay on "The Variety and Unity of India", noting that while India is extremely diverse in its people's physical appearances, languages, foods, and customs depending on their state or region, they also share common bonds and qualities that make them distinctly Indian, and the conception of nationalism has become an increasingly uniting force. It explores examples of differences between groups like Tamils and Pathans as well as similarities in customs between border regions and neighboring countries.
This document provides a detailed overview of Indian culture and its potential impacts on the hospitality industry. It discusses aspects of Indian culture like religion, customs, cuisine, arts, and family structure. It then analyzes how these cultural factors could influence hotel operations and design in areas like architecture, food and beverage, employee dress code, and targeting leisure versus business travelers. The document concludes that understanding and incorporating elements of Indian culture can help hotels attract more tourism to India and better serve the needs of both Indian and foreign guests.
India has immense cultural and linguistic diversity due to its large size and history of many groups migrating to the region. However, beneath the surface diversity there remains a strong underlying cultural unity among Indians. This unity is reflected in shared cultural heritage across religions, common spiritual values and practices, and pan-Indian artistic and architectural traditions. It is this cultural unity that serves as an important bond between the diverse peoples of India.
The document discusses key aspects of Indian cultural heritage that would be included in a time capsule to represent India's legacy. It would include contributions in education (Takshila and Nalanda universities), medicine (Ayurveda and early surgical practices), literature (epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata), traditions (Namaste greeting, joint families, hospitality practices), mathematics and sciences (early concepts developed in India), languages, religions, festivals, music, theatre, architecture, cuisine and clothing to demonstrate India's rich cultural traditions and achievements.
India a land of paradise for culture and tradition.Its known for the family bonding relationship which the countries several parts of globe has forgotten.
India is located in South Asia and is the seventh largest country by area and the most populous democracy globally. It has over 18 languages spoken across its regions and a wide variety of foods like biryani, samoses, and prata. India has a population of over 1.2 billion people, with nearly 40% below the age of 15. The country's culture dates back 8000 years and it offers diverse sights from the Himalayas to the Taj Mahal as well as festivals like Diwali, Holi, and Christmas.
India has many different languages, religions, foods, and social characteristics divided among its various states and regions. Some of the unifying aspects of Indian culture include clothing like the sari and salwar kameez; festivals celebrated across religions; and classical forms of music, dance, architecture, painting, and literature influenced by Hindu traditions. Sports like cricket are also very popular in India along with field hockey, soccer, and indigenous sports. The culture remains deeply traditional while also assimilating influences from its colonial history under Britain.
Heritage means what we inherit from our ancestors and from our past.
The heritage of India is the result of developments in the social , economy , culture and life style of people.
The land and people are two component of heritage.
India is a diverse country with a long and rich history. It was one of the earliest civilizations with major contributions to mathematics, science, religion and philosophy. Some of its achievements include developing the decimal system, place value notation, chess, and pioneering concepts in astronomy, algebra and medicine such as surgery and anesthesia. India's cultural diversity is reflected in its many languages, religions, customs and festivals. Despite challenges, India has continued to prosper as the world's largest democracy.
This document provides an overview of India, including brief sections on its history, geography, neighbours, religions, culture, ways of life, and symbols. It discusses India's ancient civilizations, periods under Mughal and British rule, and its path to independence. Key facts noted include India having the second largest population in the world, with over 20 official languages and religious diversity, notably Hindu, Muslim, Sikh, Buddhist and Christian populations. The document also summarizes aspects of Indian culture like the caste system, importance of family and relationships, and role of religion in daily life.
India is a land of rich cultural heritage with diverse languages, religions, and ethnic groups. It has a long history and is known for its epics like the Ramayana and Mahabharata. Rajasthan is India's largest state, known as the "Great Indian Desert." Jaipur, the pink city, was the first planned city in India and is famous for its monuments like Hawa Mahal and Amber Fort. Jaipur hosts colorful festivals celebrating local culture and traditions.
This document provides an overview of the foundation of Indian culture, including its religious diversity and architectural history. It discusses the major religions practiced in India - Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism, and Jainism - and their beliefs, populations, and sects. It also describes some of the most important festivals celebrated in India across religions. Finally, it summarizes the evolution of architecture in India from ancient Indus Valley civilizations to modern British colonial influences.
Traditions are beliefs or behaviors passed down over time within a group that hold symbolic or significant meaning. While many traditions have ancient origins, some have been recently invented for political or cultural purposes. Traditions are transmitted through generations via teaching or inheritance. India has many unique cultural traditions, such as greeting with "namaskar" or placing ritual marks on the forehead. Traditions like aarti performances or offering flower garlands show respect. Artifacts like seals, sculptures, and structures provide insights into the religious practices, daily life, and technological skills of ancient civilizations in India.
This document provides information about the states of India. It discusses the geography, culture, cuisine and festivals of several Indian states including Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Uttarakhand, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, and Rajasthan. Key details mentioned include the borders and regions of Jammu and Kashmir, popular dishes of Himachal Pradesh, dances of Punjab, capital of Uttarakhand, and Rajasthan being India's largest state.
Cultural Heritage of India_by Suparna RoyKoushik Das
Indian culture has a rich cultural heritage that is diverse across its regions and communities. It is characterized by diversity in languages, religions, festivals, cuisine, clothing, architecture, sculpture, painting, music and dance. Some of the key aspects of India's cultural heritage include the many indigenous religions like Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism; over 20 major languages; traditional clothing like saris and dhotis that vary regionally; globally influential architectural styles seen in temples and forts; classical and folk art forms; and festivals celebrated throughout the year marking various seasons and religions. This diversity arises from India's long history and the interactions between its various population groups over millennia.
India has a population of over 1.25 billion people and is very diverse with many languages, religions, and cultural traditions. Some of the key facts are:
- India has 27 states and 7 union territories with Delhi as the capital and Mumbai the largest city. Hindi and English are the official languages.
- The major religions practiced are Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism, Christianity, Buddhism, and Jainism. Popular festivals celebrated throughout India include Diwali, Holi, Eid, and Christmas.
- India has a rich cultural heritage seen in its architecture, music, dance, literature, cuisine, and sports. Some examples include the Taj Mahal, bhangra dance, Ramayana epic
India has a long cultural tradition that is ancient, extensive and varied. Over 5000 years, many different peoples and races have contributed to India's diverse composite culture through contact, settlement, cultural diffusion and conflict. Though India's culture encompasses many beliefs and practices, it possesses a pervading unity that binds it together through a shared Hindu spirit of spiritual insight and moral integrity.
The document provides an overview of Asian cultures and focuses on Indian culture. It discusses the following key points about India:
1) India has a diverse population of over 1 billion people and a variety of religions including Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, and Sikhism.
2) India has a long and rich history as one of the earliest civilizations and was not conquered for over 1000 years. Important historical sites include the Taj Mahal in Agra.
3) Indian culture is characterized by traditions such as Bollywood films, classical dance forms, henna art, cricket, and cuisine featuring rice and spices. The document provides examples of traditional Indian clothing, instruments, and regional dances.
India is the 7th largest country in the world covering 3.28 million square kilometers surrounded by water bodies. It has a population of over 1.24 billion people and great geographic diversity. New Delhi is the capital city while Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state. Hinduism is the major religion practiced by 80% of the population. Some of India's most prominent authors writing in English include R.K. Narayan, Arundhati Roy, Mulk Raj Anand, Jhumpa Lahiri, and Salman Rushdie.
The Influence of Hinduism on Cambodian Civil Engineering In Siem Reap and …Duy Đức
This document provides background information on Hinduism and its influence in Cambodia. It discusses how Hinduism was introduced to Cambodia through Indian traders starting in the 1st century AD. Several Hindu kingdoms were established where Hindu temples were built. The height of Hindu influence came during the Angkor period when great temples like Angkor Wat were constructed under kings like Suryavarman II. However, Hinduism later declined as a state religion after Jayavarman VII converted to Mahayana Buddhism in the 12th century. The document provides definitions of key Hindu concepts and details the major Hindu gods, texts, and practices to outline the religion's beliefs and spread in Southeast Asia, particularly its historical role in Cambodia.
Built in the 12th century, Angkor Wat was originally dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu. The temple features steep and narrow steps leading to the central tower, and bas reliefs depicting stories from the wars of its builder, Suryavarman II. Though originally Hindu, it later served as a Buddhist temple after Cambodia adopted Buddhism as its dominant religion.
This document provides a detailed overview of Indian culture and its potential impacts on the hospitality industry. It discusses aspects of Indian culture like religion, customs, cuisine, arts, and family structure. It then analyzes how these cultural factors could influence hotel operations and design in areas like architecture, food and beverage, employee dress code, and targeting leisure versus business travelers. The document concludes that understanding and incorporating elements of Indian culture can help hotels attract more tourism to India and better serve the needs of both Indian and foreign guests.
India has immense cultural and linguistic diversity due to its large size and history of many groups migrating to the region. However, beneath the surface diversity there remains a strong underlying cultural unity among Indians. This unity is reflected in shared cultural heritage across religions, common spiritual values and practices, and pan-Indian artistic and architectural traditions. It is this cultural unity that serves as an important bond between the diverse peoples of India.
The document discusses key aspects of Indian cultural heritage that would be included in a time capsule to represent India's legacy. It would include contributions in education (Takshila and Nalanda universities), medicine (Ayurveda and early surgical practices), literature (epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata), traditions (Namaste greeting, joint families, hospitality practices), mathematics and sciences (early concepts developed in India), languages, religions, festivals, music, theatre, architecture, cuisine and clothing to demonstrate India's rich cultural traditions and achievements.
India a land of paradise for culture and tradition.Its known for the family bonding relationship which the countries several parts of globe has forgotten.
India is located in South Asia and is the seventh largest country by area and the most populous democracy globally. It has over 18 languages spoken across its regions and a wide variety of foods like biryani, samoses, and prata. India has a population of over 1.2 billion people, with nearly 40% below the age of 15. The country's culture dates back 8000 years and it offers diverse sights from the Himalayas to the Taj Mahal as well as festivals like Diwali, Holi, and Christmas.
India has many different languages, religions, foods, and social characteristics divided among its various states and regions. Some of the unifying aspects of Indian culture include clothing like the sari and salwar kameez; festivals celebrated across religions; and classical forms of music, dance, architecture, painting, and literature influenced by Hindu traditions. Sports like cricket are also very popular in India along with field hockey, soccer, and indigenous sports. The culture remains deeply traditional while also assimilating influences from its colonial history under Britain.
Heritage means what we inherit from our ancestors and from our past.
The heritage of India is the result of developments in the social , economy , culture and life style of people.
The land and people are two component of heritage.
India is a diverse country with a long and rich history. It was one of the earliest civilizations with major contributions to mathematics, science, religion and philosophy. Some of its achievements include developing the decimal system, place value notation, chess, and pioneering concepts in astronomy, algebra and medicine such as surgery and anesthesia. India's cultural diversity is reflected in its many languages, religions, customs and festivals. Despite challenges, India has continued to prosper as the world's largest democracy.
This document provides an overview of India, including brief sections on its history, geography, neighbours, religions, culture, ways of life, and symbols. It discusses India's ancient civilizations, periods under Mughal and British rule, and its path to independence. Key facts noted include India having the second largest population in the world, with over 20 official languages and religious diversity, notably Hindu, Muslim, Sikh, Buddhist and Christian populations. The document also summarizes aspects of Indian culture like the caste system, importance of family and relationships, and role of religion in daily life.
India is a land of rich cultural heritage with diverse languages, religions, and ethnic groups. It has a long history and is known for its epics like the Ramayana and Mahabharata. Rajasthan is India's largest state, known as the "Great Indian Desert." Jaipur, the pink city, was the first planned city in India and is famous for its monuments like Hawa Mahal and Amber Fort. Jaipur hosts colorful festivals celebrating local culture and traditions.
This document provides an overview of the foundation of Indian culture, including its religious diversity and architectural history. It discusses the major religions practiced in India - Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism, and Jainism - and their beliefs, populations, and sects. It also describes some of the most important festivals celebrated in India across religions. Finally, it summarizes the evolution of architecture in India from ancient Indus Valley civilizations to modern British colonial influences.
Traditions are beliefs or behaviors passed down over time within a group that hold symbolic or significant meaning. While many traditions have ancient origins, some have been recently invented for political or cultural purposes. Traditions are transmitted through generations via teaching or inheritance. India has many unique cultural traditions, such as greeting with "namaskar" or placing ritual marks on the forehead. Traditions like aarti performances or offering flower garlands show respect. Artifacts like seals, sculptures, and structures provide insights into the religious practices, daily life, and technological skills of ancient civilizations in India.
This document provides information about the states of India. It discusses the geography, culture, cuisine and festivals of several Indian states including Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Uttarakhand, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, and Rajasthan. Key details mentioned include the borders and regions of Jammu and Kashmir, popular dishes of Himachal Pradesh, dances of Punjab, capital of Uttarakhand, and Rajasthan being India's largest state.
Cultural Heritage of India_by Suparna RoyKoushik Das
Indian culture has a rich cultural heritage that is diverse across its regions and communities. It is characterized by diversity in languages, religions, festivals, cuisine, clothing, architecture, sculpture, painting, music and dance. Some of the key aspects of India's cultural heritage include the many indigenous religions like Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism; over 20 major languages; traditional clothing like saris and dhotis that vary regionally; globally influential architectural styles seen in temples and forts; classical and folk art forms; and festivals celebrated throughout the year marking various seasons and religions. This diversity arises from India's long history and the interactions between its various population groups over millennia.
India has a population of over 1.25 billion people and is very diverse with many languages, religions, and cultural traditions. Some of the key facts are:
- India has 27 states and 7 union territories with Delhi as the capital and Mumbai the largest city. Hindi and English are the official languages.
- The major religions practiced are Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism, Christianity, Buddhism, and Jainism. Popular festivals celebrated throughout India include Diwali, Holi, Eid, and Christmas.
- India has a rich cultural heritage seen in its architecture, music, dance, literature, cuisine, and sports. Some examples include the Taj Mahal, bhangra dance, Ramayana epic
India has a long cultural tradition that is ancient, extensive and varied. Over 5000 years, many different peoples and races have contributed to India's diverse composite culture through contact, settlement, cultural diffusion and conflict. Though India's culture encompasses many beliefs and practices, it possesses a pervading unity that binds it together through a shared Hindu spirit of spiritual insight and moral integrity.
The document provides an overview of Asian cultures and focuses on Indian culture. It discusses the following key points about India:
1) India has a diverse population of over 1 billion people and a variety of religions including Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, and Sikhism.
2) India has a long and rich history as one of the earliest civilizations and was not conquered for over 1000 years. Important historical sites include the Taj Mahal in Agra.
3) Indian culture is characterized by traditions such as Bollywood films, classical dance forms, henna art, cricket, and cuisine featuring rice and spices. The document provides examples of traditional Indian clothing, instruments, and regional dances.
India is the 7th largest country in the world covering 3.28 million square kilometers surrounded by water bodies. It has a population of over 1.24 billion people and great geographic diversity. New Delhi is the capital city while Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state. Hinduism is the major religion practiced by 80% of the population. Some of India's most prominent authors writing in English include R.K. Narayan, Arundhati Roy, Mulk Raj Anand, Jhumpa Lahiri, and Salman Rushdie.
The Influence of Hinduism on Cambodian Civil Engineering In Siem Reap and …Duy Đức
This document provides background information on Hinduism and its influence in Cambodia. It discusses how Hinduism was introduced to Cambodia through Indian traders starting in the 1st century AD. Several Hindu kingdoms were established where Hindu temples were built. The height of Hindu influence came during the Angkor period when great temples like Angkor Wat were constructed under kings like Suryavarman II. However, Hinduism later declined as a state religion after Jayavarman VII converted to Mahayana Buddhism in the 12th century. The document provides definitions of key Hindu concepts and details the major Hindu gods, texts, and practices to outline the religion's beliefs and spread in Southeast Asia, particularly its historical role in Cambodia.
Built in the 12th century, Angkor Wat was originally dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu. The temple features steep and narrow steps leading to the central tower, and bas reliefs depicting stories from the wars of its builder, Suryavarman II. Though originally Hindu, it later served as a Buddhist temple after Cambodia adopted Buddhism as its dominant religion.
Angkor Wat is a Hindu temple complex located in Cambodia that was built in the early 12th century by King Suryavarman II. It is the largest religious monument in the world, covering an area of 208 hectares. The temple was built as the king's state temple and capital city and took approximately 30 years to construct using sandstone, laterite, timber, metal and stucco. It features extensive bas reliefs and architecture demonstrating Hindu mythology. Though it began as a Hindu temple, it later became a Buddhist temple. The site was abandoned in the late 15th century but rediscovered in the 19th century. It is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site undergoing restoration to preserve it.
The document discusses key concepts in Hindu religion through the story of the Mahabharata, including dharma, karma, reincarnation, and moksha. It introduces the five Pandava brothers - Yudhistira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula, and Sahadeva - and explains Yudhistira follows dharma by being cautious and selfless. Reincarnation is demonstrated in the story, and moksha is the ultimate goal of being one with God, which Yudhistira may achieve through living virtuously.
Brahma is responsible for creation and the four Vedas. Vishnu maintains order as the preserver. Shiva brings destruction and change, often depicted with snakes and multiple weapons. Krishna is the eighth incarnation of Vishnu, known for his flute playing and childhood romance. Lakshmi is the goddess of wealth and beauty, often seen massaging Vishnu's feet. The gods impact Hindu literature by serving as aids to heroes and making plots more interesting, as seen in epics like the Mahabharata and Ramayana.
Angkor Wat is a large Hindu temple located in Cambodia that was built in the early 12th century by the Khmer civilization to honor their king Suryavarman II. It was originally dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu but is now a Buddhist temple. The walls of Angkor Wat contain extensive bas reliefs depicting stories from Hindu mythology including the Churning of the Ocean of Milk and battles from the Ramayana including Rama vs. Ravana and the Monkey King.
This document discusses French perceptions of Angkor Wat during the colonial imagination. It describes an unexpected encounter with Cambodian film director Rithy Panh in Phnom Penh. It then discusses inspiration for a thesis from French explorer Henri Mouhot who discovered Angkor Wat in 1860 and Louis Delaporte, the chief curator of the Musée Indochinois. The role of Parisian museums in shaping French views of Indochina is examined along with the Angkorean wing of the Musée Indochinois and colonial exhibitions that featured Angkor Wat.
Angkor Wat temple is located in Siem Reap province, Cambodia. It was constructed in the early 12th century by King Suryavarman II and took around 35 years to build using sandstone and laterite stones transported from quarries over 55 km away. Angkor Wat is considered one of the largest religious structures in the world and a symbol of Cambodia. The document discusses the history of Angkor Wat temple and the Khmer empire, provides details on the architecture and layout of Angkor Wat including its moats, causeways and decorative carvings, and concludes that the study tour was educational and helped students learn about their culture and practice English with foreign tourists.
Hinduism: A Christian Looks at the Hindu FaithFreddy Cardoza
The Hindu faith is unusual to Westerners and is a unique and novel religion. People are sometimes confused about its central beliefs and practices, and this is a session designed to help people better understand and interact with Hindus and the Hindu Religion. Written from an inquisitive point of view, it also explores questions about how Christians might engage Hindus for dialogue and discussion, while stretching their own faith.
Listen to the podcast at: http://soapbox.network/series/digital-discipler-podcast/
The document provides an overview of the arts in India, including influences from Hinduism and Buddhism. It discusses various art forms such as visual arts showcasing paintings from Ajanta Caves and temples. Literature highlights epic poems like the Mahabharata and Ramayana as well as poetry, drama, and erotic works. Music sections explain classical Carnatic and Hindustani styles. Dance is expressed as communicating inner beauty and spirituality through styles like Kathakali. Theater presents the ancient Sanskrit form of Kutiyattam.
Angkor Wat is a 12th century Hindu temple located in Siem Reap, Cambodia. It was built by King Suryavarman II as his state temple and capital city and is dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu. The massive temple complex covers an area of 200 hectares and combines elements of the standard temple mountain design with Chola influences from South India. It is a representation of Mount Meru and the home of the gods according to Hindu beliefs. Angkor Wat is the best preserved and most famous of the Angkor temples and a symbol of Cambodia.
Hinduism is one of the oldest organized religions in the world and the third largest. It follows sacred texts known as the Vedas and recognizes a single deity that exists in three forms - Brahma the creator, Vishnu the preserver, and Shiva the destroyer. Hinduism has had both positive impacts on India through its social practices like yoga and meditation and establishing religious tolerance, as well as negative impacts through enforcing the caste system and causing issues like poverty and violence against women.
Buddhism and Hinduism evolved over time as Indian religions and culture spread through trade. Buddhism developed new sects like Mahayana that accepted new doctrines, while Hinduism moved toward monotheism centered around Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. Indian trade networks grew through overland Silk Roads and sea routes, spreading Indian culture, religions, and increasing influence while advancing astronomy, mathematics, and medicine.
Indian literature is one of the oldest and richest in the world, originating from oral traditions and spanning numerous languages. It began with Vedic hymns orally composed in Sanskrit, the primary sacred language of Hinduism. Over time, Indian literature evolved through distinct periods and was influenced by religion, foreign conquests, and colonial rule, combining classical styles with European influences. Indian literary works are characterized by their focus on piety and religion as well as their composition in epic form.
The document provides an overview of the history and culture of India. It discusses the origins of Indian civilization in the Indus Valley and the influence of Aryan migration. It then covers the establishment of regional states after the decline of the Mughal Empire in the 18th century and the rise of the Indian independence movement led by Mahatma Gandhi in the early 20th century. The document also summarizes key aspects of Indian culture such as religions, languages, caste system, and influential figures and works in Indian literature.
Hinduism was established in India in 1500 BCE, featuring texts like the Vedas and a caste system. The Upanishads taught concepts like samsara, karma, and moksha. Siddhartha Gautama was born in 480 BCE and discovered suffering through encountering old age, disease, and death. He attained enlightenment and became the Buddha, spreading his teachings of the Four Noble Truths and Noble Eightfold Path through India and Asia. Buddhism is considered both a philosophy and religion by some definitions and focuses on meditation, wisdom, and compassion rather than faith or gods.
The Han Dynasty restored unity in China after the fall of the Qin Dynasty. Liu Bang defeated his rival Xiang Yu to found the Han Dynasty in 202 BC. He established a centralized government with lower taxes that gained popular support. The Han Dynasty saw economic growth through advances in agriculture and commerce. Confucianism became the dominant ideology and civil service exams tested applicants on Confucian classics. However, inequality grew and rebellions eventually caused the Han Dynasty to fall in AD 220.
This document provides an overview of the history and geography of ancient India. It discusses the origins and spread of Hinduism and Buddhism. Major empires that ruled India are described, including the Maurya Empire founded by Chandragupta Maurya in the 4th century BCE, the Gupta Empire in the 4th century CE, and invasions by groups like the Huns that contributed to the decline of these empires. The document also summarizes the development of Indian civilization and its major religious and philosophical texts.
Indian culture had a significant influence on Southeast Asia between 200 BC and the 15th century. Indian traders, missionaries, and monks spread Hinduism and Buddhism through peaceful means rather than military conquest. They introduced Indian aspects like architecture, religion, art, culture, society, literature, maritime activities, trade, cuisine, and language. Key examples include Angkor Wat in Cambodia, which shows Dravidian architectural influences, and Prambanan temple in Java, which blended Buddhism and Dravidian styles. Indian missionaries and their role in spreading culture through ashrams and hermitages were also important to cultural exchange. Overall, Indian cultural dominance was established through maritime activities, trade routes, and powerful kingdoms with Indian names and heritage
India is located in South Asia and has a long history and diverse geography. The Indus Valley Civilization developed around 2500 BCE along the Indus River in modern-day Pakistan. It had large cities with advanced architecture and infrastructure. Around 1500 BCE, nomadic Indo-European peoples called the Aryans migrated into India and their culture eventually mixed with and influenced the native Indus Valley peoples. Hinduism emerged as the dominant religion, incorporating beliefs from both groups. The Aryans also introduced the caste system, which stratified Indian society into distinct social classes. Over time, several large empires rose and fell in India, contributing to its cultural and scientific achievements.
The document provides details about the Indus Valley civilization and the Vedic period in ancient India. It describes some key findings from excavations at Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, including structures like the Great Bath. The Vedic period saw the migration of Indo-Aryan groups into India around 1800 BCE, who brought with them Sanskrit and Vedic religious traditions. The Vedic texts known as the Vedas were composed during this period. The caste system and patriarchal social structure developed in late Vedic times. Sanskrit evolved from the language of the Vedic texts and became important to Indian culture and religion.
Ancient civilizations arose in Asia along major river valleys such as the Indus River Valley in South Asia and the Huang He Valley in East Asia. These river valleys provided rich soil for agriculture and natural protections from invasion. Some of the earliest civilizations included the Indus Valley Civilization with major cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, as well as early Chinese civilizations. In India, Aryan migrations introduced new social hierarchies like the caste system. Major empires later rose like the Mauryan Empire under Asoka, which spread Buddhism throughout Asia. Trade networks also developed linking Asia, like the Silk Road under the Kushan Kingdom.
South Asian art and culture developed over millennia in the diverse region now comprising India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Bhutan. The ancient Indus Valley civilization flourished as early as the 3rd millennium BC, building cities and crafting steatite seals. Later, Aryan peoples entering the subcontinent between 1800-1200 BC brought Hinduism, rooted in the Vedic hymns. Hinduism evolved as a diverse, polytheistic faith with regional variations. Major religious architecture like temples featured ornate carvings depicting gods and auspicious motifs. Alongside Hindu arts, Buddhism and Jainism arose in 6th century BC India and spread across Asia, while other faiths like Islam also
India has a long and rich history and culture. It is home to over 1.3 billion people and has a diversity of languages, religions, and customs. Some of India's national symbols include the tiger, peacock, lotus flower, and the Ganges River. India has contributed greatly to fields like mathematics, science, and medicine. It was one of the earliest civilizations and developed concepts such as the decimal system. Today, India is the largest democracy in the world and continues to be a diverse and culturally significant country.
The document summarizes key aspects of early Indian civilization between 1000 BC and 500 AD, including the influence of religion and social structures. It describes the four varna social classes of ancient India and discusses the major Hindu concepts of dharma, karma, and reincarnation. It then provides overviews of the Mauryan, Kushan, and Gupta Empires, noting their expansion, administration, and role in trade. The document also summarizes the religious traditions of Hinduism and Buddhism that developed in India, and highlights achievements in literature, architecture, science, mathematics and technology during this time period.
The document provides an overview of the history, geography, culture, and politics of India. It discusses the early settlements and civilizations in India, the development of major religions like Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism. It describes the various empires and dynasties that ruled over the subcontinent for over two millennia. It also summarizes the establishment of British rule in India and the subsequent independence movement. Additionally, it outlines key facts about India's geography, neighboring countries, national symbols, major festivals, cuisine, clothing, languages and literature. The constitution of India is also briefly explained.
This presentation provides an overview of Indian civilization from its origins to modern times. It begins with the Indus Valley Civilization around 2500 BC, followed by the arrival of the Aryans. Major periods discussed include the Mauryan Empire founded by Chandragupta Maurya in 322 BC, the Golden Age of the Gupta Period from 320-480 AD, and the rule of the Turks and Mughals from 1175-1800 AD. European colonization from 1800-1947 is also summarized. The presentation concludes that while political unity was brief, Indian culture provided continuity and identity over its long history.
The Indus Valley Civilization began around 2500 BCE and was one of the earliest civilizations, discovered in 1856. The cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro had populations of around 40,000 people and were carefully planned with grid-like streets and drainage systems. Around 1500 BCE, Aryan groups migrated into the region, bringing their Vedic religion and social structures like the caste system. This helped contribute to the decline of the Indus civilization, though their cultures blended together to influence early Indian society.
India is a diverse country with a long history and rich culture. It has 28 states and 7 union territories, with New Delhi as its capital. Some key facts about India include its population of over 1.3 billion people, its national symbols like the peacock and lotus, and its contributions to fields like mathematics, astronomy, and medicine through developments like the decimal system. India is also known for its cultural and religious diversity, with influences from Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, Sikhism, and other faiths.
The document discusses the emergence and evolution of the Aryan debate theory over time. There were two main theories: 1) Aryans originated in Central Asia and invaded India, and 2) Aryans originated in India and later migrated west. The first theory proposed by Max Mueller of an original Aryan homeland in Central Asia was later adapted differently by missionaries, Hindu nationalists, and others to suit their social and political agendas. Archaeological evidence from the Indus civilization challenged this theory, and it is now understood that widespread contacts existed between northwestern India, Iran, and Central Asia in ancient times without a massive migration or invasion.
The document discusses various aspects of ancient Indian culture and its influence on other parts of the world. It describes how Hinduism developed from the beliefs that the Aryans brought to India, combining with indigenous Indian traditions. It mentions Hindu mythology found in texts like the Vedas, Ramayana, and Mahabharata. The document also discusses how Indian culture influenced other parts of Southeast Asia and how Western authors were influenced by translations of Indian texts. It provides an overview of key features of Indian literature like its religious spirit and how epics correspond to historical periods.
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Ancient India had one of the earliest civilizations, dating back to 3000 BC in the Indus Valley. The Aryan people invaded around 2000 BC and established kingdoms in North India, introducing Sanskrit, Hinduism, and the caste system. Hinduism developed as nature worship and believes in reincarnation. Buddhism emerged in the 6th century BC to reform Hinduism. Major empires included the Maurya Empire, which spread Buddhism, and the Gupta Empire, a golden age of arts and science. India experienced invasions by Persians, Greeks, Huns, and Muslims, who introduced new religions like Islam. India made many contributions to civilization, including religions, philosophy, yoga, literature,
- Ancient India was home to the Indus Valley Civilization along the Indus River valley between 3000-1500 BCE. The major sites were Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, which had sophisticated sewer systems and religious practices but no unified political structure.
- Around 1500 BCE, the Indus Valley culture was conquered by Aryan invaders from Central Asia, who introduced iron, the horse and chariot, Sanskrit, Hinduism, and the caste system to India. Hinduism incorporated beliefs from ancient Indian religions and featured deities like Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva and Krishna.
- The rigid caste system divided Hindu society into the Brahmins, Kshatri
- Ancient India was home to the Indus Valley Civilization along the Indus River valley between 3000-1500 BCE. The major sites were Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, which had sophisticated sewer systems and religious practices but no unified political structure.
- Around 1500 BCE, the Indus Valley culture was conquered by Aryan invaders from Central Asia, who introduced iron, the horse and chariot, Sanskrit, Hinduism, and the caste system to India. Hinduism combined various religious beliefs and centered around deities like Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva and Krishna.
- The rigid caste system divided Hindu society into the Brahmins, Kshatriy
- Ancient India was home to the Indus Valley Civilization along the Indus River valley between 3000-1500 BCE. The major sites were Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, which had sophisticated sewer systems and religious beliefs.
- Around 1500 BCE, the Indus Valley culture was conquered by Aryan invaders from Central Asia, who introduced iron, the horse and chariot, Sanskrit, Hinduism, and the caste system to India.
- Hinduism developed from ancient Indian religious beliefs and practices. It is a diverse religion centered around concepts like dharma, karma, samsara, and achieving nirvana. Major Hindu deities include Brahma, Vishnu, Sh
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2. The Civilizational March of
India i.e. Bharat
• India never invaded any culture, society, country or
civilization in its glorious past of time immemorial.
• The Great Civilizational march started from this land of
Bharat has time and again proved that
- culture can advance without political motives.
- that trade can proceed without imperialist designs.
-settlements can take place without colonial excesses
and that literature, religion and language can be
transported without xenophobia.
3. Three Waves of Hindu Culture*
• First Wave: 1st century to 4th-5th Century in
Asia ( as conqueror, Merchants and Knowledge
provider)
• Second Phase: late 19th Century in Caribbean
Islands Mauritius, Fiji and South Africa as
Indentured laborers
• Second Half of 20th Century: West Europe and
North America as Skilled man force (Student,
Doctor, Engineer)
(*Not Including Puranic Refrences)
4. Indianization of Asia
• Indianization of Asia was entirely peaceful,
never resorting to physical force or coercion
to subvert local cultures or identities, or to
engage in economic or political exploitation of
the host cultures and societies.
• Its world views were based on compassion
and mutual exchange, and not on the principle
of conquest and domination.
5. ‘Greater India’
• Arab writers such as Al-Baruni testify that Indians
called the whole Southeast region Suwarndib
(Suvarnadvipa).
• Only Since World War II has the term Southeast Asia
been used to describe the area to the east of India and
to the south of China, which includes the Indo-Chinese
Peninsula, the Malay Archipelago and the Philippines,
roughly forming a circle from Burma through Indonesia
to Vietnam.
• Before the term Southeast Asia became common
usage, the region was often described as Further or
Greater India.
6. • “From Persia to the Chinese Sea,
Sylvain Levi from the icy regions of Siberia to
(1863-1935) the islands of Java and Borneo,
from Oceania to Socotra, India
French Orientalist has propagated her beliefs, her
tales and her civilization. She has
left indelible imprints on one-
fourth of the human race in the
course of a long succession of
centuries. She has the right to
reclaim in universal history the
rank that ignorance has refused
her for a long time and to hold
her place amongst the great
nations summarizing and
symbolizing the spirit of
Humanity."
7. • “Each of the colonial cultures
Heinrich Zimmer, and art styles of Ceylon,
German Indologist Indonesia, and Further India,
Wrote in his book as well as that of Tibet,
Asia before Europe: Economy China, Korea and Japan, took
and Civilization of the Indian
Ocean from the Rise of Islam
over in a worthy way the
to 1750 Indian heritage, giving to it
an original and happy local
application. Out of various
ethnological and biological
requirements self-contained
styles were formed that were
the peers in originality,
nobility and delicacy of the
Indian.”
8. “The expansion of Indian culture
and influence both in Central
Asia and the South East towards
the countries and islands of the
Pacific is one of the momentous
factors of world history.”
- Sardar Kavalam Madhava Panikkar
‘’’’ A Survey of Indian History
9.
10. • "Seldom has the world
Mackay Hill Buckler seen such a protracted and
Wrote in his book pervasive cultural diffusion.
‘A History of World Societies’
(p.318-319) It stands a monument to
the vitality and magnetism
of Indian civilization."
11. Pre-(Occidental) historical Linkages
with South-East ASIA
• The name Java comes from the Sanskrit Jawadwip, which means a (dvip)
island (yawa) shaped like a barley corn.
• The Vedic Indians must have charted Java, Yawadvip, thousands of years
ago because Yawadvip is mentioned in India's earliest epic, the Ramayana.
• The Ramayana reveals some knowledge of the eastern regions beyond
seas; for instance Sugriva dispatched his men to Yavadvipa, the island of
Java, in search of Sita. It speaks of Burma as the land of silver mines.
• The Agni Purana, along with many other Puranas, calls India as
Jambudvipa as distinguished from Dvipantara or India of the islands or
overseas India.
• Towards the end of the fifth century, Aryabhatta, the Indian astronomer,
wrote that when the sun rose in Ceylon it was midday in Yavakoti (Java)
and midnight in the Roman land.
• In the Surya Siddhanta reference is also made to the Nagari Yavakoti with
golden walls and gates.
12. Occidental Discourse
• The Indies is a term that has been used to
describe the lands of South and Southeast Asia,
occupying all of the present India, Pakistan,
Bangladesh, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, the
Maldives, and also Thailand, Cambodia, Laos,
Vietnam, Brunei, Singapore, the Philippines, East
Timor, Malaysia and Indonesia.
• The name "Indies" is derived from the river Indus
and is used to connote parts of Asia that come
under Indian cultural influence.
13. Hinduism in South-East Asia
• Hinduism in Southeast Asia influenced the former
Champa civilization in southern parts of Central
Vietnam, Funan in Cambodia, the Khmer Empire
in Indochina, the Srivijayan kingdom on Sumatra,
the Singhasari kingdom and the Majapahit
Empire based in Java, Bali, and the Philippine
archipelago.
• The civilization of India influenced the languages,
scripts, calendars, and artistic aspects of these
peoples and nations.
14. Indonesia
• The Ministry of Religious Affairs, as of 2007
estimates there to be at least 10 million Hindus in
Indonesia.
• The new Hindu communities in Java tend to be
concentrated around recently built temples
(pura) or around archaeological temple sites
(candi) which are being reclaimed as places of
Hindu worship.
• An important new Hindu temple in eastern Java
is Pura Mandaragiri Sumeru Agung, located on
the slope of Mt. Semeru, Java's highest
mountain.
15. Indonesia
• The national language, Bahasa Indonesia, is replete with Sanskrit
words. So are names of people: Nirmala, Apsara, Rati, Dewi and so
on.
• At a traffic roundabout on one of the busiest arteries of the city
stands a monumental sculpture facing the central bank on one side
and the national monument on the other. It depicts Krishna and
Arjuna in a chariot drawn by several horses.
• When you drive past the defence ministry -- called the Yuddha
Graha -- you come across the following inscription engraved in
marble on the archway: Chatur Dharma, Eka Karma.
• Further down the road is the ministry of sports known as the Krida
Bhakti. The government has also named its national airlines after
Garunda Airways.
16. Indonesia
• The five cardinal points of the Indonesian constitution
are also designated by the Sanskrit word Panchashila.
• Its airline is called Garuda, the Sanskrit name for the
eagle carrier of Lord Vishnu.
• The old Javanese alphabet derives from the Pallava
script of South India. One such inscription was found in
the south-eastern region of Borneo on four octagonal
stone pillars, written in Sanskrit in a 4th century Indian
script.
• Indonesians still follow the Vedic year and call it Sakh-
Samvat.
17. An image of Lord Ganesha is printed on high denominational currency notes.
Ganesha statues are seen everywhere, including a magnificent one at the
entrance of the presidential palace.
19. • "In the veins of every one of my
Suharto Sukarno (1901- people flows the blood of Indian
1970)
First President of Indonesia
ancestors and the culture that we
possess is steeped through and
wrote in a special article in The Hindu
on 4 January 1946
through with Indian influences.
Two thousand years ago people
from your country came to
Jawadvipa and Suvarnadvipa in the
spirit of brotherly love. They gave
the initiative to found powerful
kingdoms such as those of Sri
Vijaya, Mataram and Majapahit.
We then learnt to worship the very
Gods that you now worship still
and we fashioned a culture that
even today is largely identical with
your own.”
20. Myanmar (Burma)
• Hinduism, along with Buddhism, greatly influenced the
royal court of Burmese kings in pre-colonial times, as seen
in the architecture of cities such as Bagan.
• Likewise, the Burmese language contains many loanwords
from Sanskrit and Pali, many of which relate to religion.
• Burmese literature has also been enriched by Hinduism,
including the Burmese adaptation of the Ramayana, called
Yama Zatdaw.
• Many Hindu gods are likewise worshipped by Burmese
Buddhists, including Saraswati (known as Thuyathadi in
Burmese), the goddess of knowledge, who is often
worshipped before examinations.
21. Myanmar (Burma)
• Hinduism in Burma is practised by less than
2% of the population (approximately
240,000), with most practitioners being
Burmese Indians.
• Despite its minority designation today,
Hinduism has been greatly influential in
Burmese history and literature.
23. Cambodia (Kamboj)
• Cambodia was first influenced by Hinduism
during the beginning of the Funan kingdom.
• Hinduism was one of the Khmer Empire's
official religions.
• Cambodia is the home to one of the only two
temples dedicated to Brahma in the world.
• Angkor Wat of Cambodia is the largest Hindu
temple of the world.
24. Cambodia
• Cambodia's principle river is today called Me
Kong, which scholars say is derived from
India's Ma Ganga (Mother Ganges).
• Cambodia's national flag, which features the
imposing facade of Angkor Wat, the 12th
century Hindu temple dedicated to Lord
Vishnu, is only one of the symbols of how
deeply internalized India is in the collective
consciousness of the Cambodian people.
26. • “Angkor wat is a masterpiece equal
to the finest architectural
Will Durant achievements of the Egyptians, the
Greeks, or the cathedral builders of
(1885-1981) American historian
Europe. An enormous moat, twelve
miles in length, surrounds the
temple; over the moat runs a
paved bridge guarded by dissuasive
Nagas in stone; then an ornate
enclosing wall; then spacious
galleries, whose reliefs tell again
the tales of the Mahabharata and
the Ramayana; then the stately
edifice itself, rising upon a broad
base, by level after level of a
terraced pyramid, to the sanctuary
of the God, two hundred feet
high."
27. • ‘About 2,000 years ago the first navigators,
Indian merchants and Brahmins, brought to
our ancestors their Gods, their techniques,
their organization. Briefly, India was for us
what Greece was to the Latin Occident.’
- King Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia to Indian Prime
Minister Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru.
28. Laos
• Laos used to be part of Khmer Empire.
• The Laotian adaptation of the Ramayana is called Phra
Lak Phra Lam.
• The Wat Phou is one of the last influences of that
period.
• Vat Phou (temple-mountain) is a ruined Khmer temple
complex in southern Laos.
• It is located at the base of mount Phu Kao, some 6 km
from the Mekong river in Champasak province.
• There was a temple on the site as early as the 5th
century, but the surviving structures date from the
11th to 13th centuries.
30. Thailand (Siam)
• In the past, Thailand came under the influence
of the Khmer Empire, which had strong Hindu
roots.
• The national epic of Thailand- Ramakien, is
based on the Ramayana.
• The city, Ayutthaya, is named after Ayodhya,
the birth place of Lord Rama.
• Numerous rituals derived from Hinduism are
preserved in rituals.
31. Thailand (Siam)
• The Siamese call their coronation by its ancient
Sanskrit designation, the rajabhiseka.
• The entire complex of coronation ceremonies, such as
homa (sacrifice of Fire), purificatory rites, ablutions,
anointment, are closely modelled on Hindu rituals, and
are presided over by the Brah Maha Raja Guru.
• The tonsure ceremony in Siam is a rite of initiation of
youths, corresponding to the Hindu Cudakarma
Mangala, which is very important Hindu Samskara.
• Cremation, an old vedic rite, is the only means of
disposal of the remains of deceased royalty in Siam.
32. Thailand (Siam)
• Even today, the kings of Thailand bear the royal title is
Rama, a Hindu avatar, and the story of Ramayana is
depicted on the palace and temple walls of Bangkok.
• Hindu festivals such as Dashahara, commemorating
the victory of Rama over the demon king Ravana, are
still observed in Thailand.
• The Thais, like the Hindus, still believe in Vishnu or
Naryana (Phra Narain), and Mahadeva or Siva, and
dislike the asuras (asuns) as the enemies of the devas.
34. Vietnam (Champa)
• The Champa civilization was located in the more
southern part of what is today Central Vietnam, and
was a highly Indianized Hindu Kingdom, practicing a
form of Shaivite Hinduism brought by sea from India.
• Myson, a Hindu temple complex built by the Champa
is still standing in Quang Nam province, in Vietnam.
• In all, approximately 50,000 Chams in Vietnam are
Hindu, with another 4,000 Hindus living in Ho Chi Minh
City; some of these are ethnic Cham, but most are
Indian (Tamil) or of mixed Indian-Vietnamese descent.
• The Mariamman Temple is one of the most notable
Hindu temples in Ho Chi Minh City.
35. Po Nagar
is a Cham temple tower located in
the medieval principality of Kauthara,
near modern Nha Trang in Vietnam. It
is dedicated to Yan Po Nagar, the
goddess of the country, who came to
be identified with the
Hindu goddesses Bhagavati and who
in Vietnamese is called Thiên Y Thánh
Mâu.
37. Borneo
• The Dayaks, the original inhabitants of Borneo, follow
the religion of Kaharingan, which the Indonesian
government has classified as a form of Hinduism.
• The Dayak Hinduism is allied to the Balinese Hinduism.
• The sultan of Brunei (in Borneo) bore the title of Seri
Bhagwan meaning Shree Bhagwan (Lord Almighty).
• Sarawak, a part of Borneo happened to lose its
suzerainty to the British. Yet the white English ruler of
Sarawak too was known as the Rajah.
38. Malaysia
• In Malaysia, the commander-in-chief is still called
Lakshmana -- a remnant of the role played by
Rama's brother in the battle of Lanka.
• Take the name of Kuala Lumpur. The suffix 'Pur' is
a Sanskrit termination used to signify a township.
the original Sanskrit name was Cholanampuram.
i.e. the city of the Cholas.
• A city in mountainous north Malaysia is called
Sungei Pattani. Its ancient Sanskrit name was
Shringa Pattan meaning ' a mountain city.'
39. Singapore
• The introduction of Hinduism into Singapore dates
back to the early 19th century, when immigrants from
southern India, mostly Tamils, arrived as labourers for
the British East India Company, bringing with them
their religion and culture. Their arrival saw the building
of Dravidian temples throughout the island, and the
beginnings of a vibrant Hindu culture. The first temple,
Sri Mariamman Temple in Singapore's Chinatown.
• Today, two government bodies deal with all Hindu
affairs: The Hindu Endowments Board and The Hindu
Advisory Board.
40. Philippines
• The first document found in the Philippines, the
Laguna Copperplate Inscription (circa 900 AD),
shows direct Hindu influences present in Filipino
culture prior to Spanish colonization in the 16th
century.
• Until the arrival of an Arab trader to Sulu Island
1450 and Ferdinand Magellan, who sailed in
behalf of Spain 1521, the chiefs of many
Philippine islands were called Rajas, and the
script was derived from Brahmi.
41.
42. Sri Lanka
• Sri Lanka, Sinhala, or Ceylon, which is India's closest neighbor to the
south, was possibly the first country in southern Asia to feel the impact of
Indian immigration.
• The Hindu epic, Ramayana, narrates the story in which Rama's conflict
with Ravana, the king of Lanka, is the central theme.
• Although the history of ancient Sri Lanka is largely a complex of legends, it
is undoubted that the early settlers of Lanka came from India.
• The Aryan migrants, members of the Sinhalas or the Lion Tribe, named
their new home Sinhaladvipa, from which has derived its later variations:
the Portuguese Ceilao or Zeylan, or the English Ceylon.
• The coming of the Aryans is represented in the Mahavamsa by the story
of Prince Vijaysimha who came from northern India in the sixth century
B.C. Close ties were established during the reign of Asoka, with the
introduction of Buddhism.
43. Sri Lanka
• In Buddhist shrines Hindu deities occupy
honored places. Vishnu is particularly popular
in Sinhalese Buddhist temples, for he is not
considered a rival of the Buddha but the
protector of Sri Lanka.
• Hindu temples were also built, for example,
the Shiva temple at Polonnaruva dating
probably from the 11th century resembles the
South Indian Chola buildings.
44. Japan
• Japan 's Hindu linkages still alive one can also
see the influence of the Indian epic Ramayana
in the traditional Japanese dance forms of
'Bugaku' and 'Gigaku' .
45. • "India is culturally, Mother
Hajime Nakamura of Japan. For centuries it
(1912 - 1999) has, in her own
Japanese scholar characteristic way, been
exercising her influence on
the thought and culture of
Japan."
46. Korea
• Korean historians believe that Queen Huh was a
princess of an ancient kingdom in Ayodhya.
• She went to Korea some two-thousand years ago and
started the Karak dynasty by marrying a local king,
Suro.
• South Korea's 72nd generation descendents of King
Suro believe they are related to India's present day
Raja Bimlendra Mohan Prasad Mishra, whose
ancestors ruled Ayodhya. (Both families have two
fishes as their insignia.)
• They sent delegations to India to built a monument in
Ayodhya to commemorate the relationship.
47. Nepal
• India's immediate neighbor Nepal, owe much of its cultural
inheritance to contact with India. The holy scriptures of the Hindu
religion like the Vedas and Upanishads are the common heritage of
the Nepalese and Indians.
• Skanda Puran, the ancient holy text of the Hindu religion, describes
the fame of Nepal as -"in the Himalayas there is a most auspicious
blessed place, where Shanker (the giver of joy) in the form of
Pashupatinath resides."
• Lord Gautam Buddha, the light of Asia, who was born in Lumbini in
Nepal, trekked down to the plains in India in search of
Enlightenment.
• It is a proven fact that Valmiki, the composer of renowned epic the
Ramayana, saw the light of the world within Nepal at Balmikinagar
in Bhisalotoan.
48. Second Wave of Hindu Culture
• Migration of laborers to Caribbean Islands,
Mauritius, Fiji and South Africa.
• These laborers were basically from Eastern UP and
Bihar.
• Countries: Fiji, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana,
Jamiaca, Grenada, St. Lucia, Martinique, Guadeloupe
and Surinam, Mauritius and South Africa
• Gandhi ji started his political voyage from South
Africa
50. Third Wave of Hindu Culture
• First Gujarati and Punjabi went for small business in
countries like Canada and USA. Today they are many
of them are doing good business and few have
become business tycoons.
• In the second half of 20th century Students went
countries like US, UK and Australia for higer studies
and settled there.
• In countries like USA and UK this generation Hindus
are playing a pivotal role in society, polity and
economy.
51. From Laborer to Ruler
• In some countries Indians reached at the highest post like
Prime Minister and President.
• Mauritius: Sir Shivsagar Ramghulam, Aniruddha Jagannath, Dr
Naveen Ramgoolam,
• Singapore: Deven Nair, SR Nathan (President)
• Trinidad and Tobago: Kamala Prasad Bisseser and Basudeb
Pande (Ex-PM)
• Guyana: Bharat Jagdev
• Newzealand: 19th Governor General of Newzealand
• Fiji: Mahendra Chaudhary
• Canada: Ujjawal Dosanjh, Prime Minister of British Colambia
52. Roma: The Lost Tribe of India
• Roma originated in North-Central India,
migrated via the Upper-Indus Valley, Persia,
the Caucuses, Armenia, Byzantium, Greece,
the Kingdom of Serbia and what is now
Rumania to Eastern Europe and then split off
into small groups and made our way into all
the countries of Europe.
• There are 15 million Roma in the world mostly
in East European countries.
53. Smt. Indira Gandhi, • “I feel a kinship with the
Former Prime Minister
Roma People. I have always
inaugrating the World Romani admired their love of
Conference in Chandi Garh in
1983. adventure, their closeness
to nature and above all,
their fortitude and
resilience.”
55. Modren India’s Cultural
Contribution
• Pt. Ravi Shankar
• Shekhar Kapur, Manoj Shaymlan, Gurinder
Chadhdha
• Indian Cinema
• Indian Curry
• VS Naipaul, Arvind Adiga
• Vijay Singh, World Golf Champion, FIJI
• ..and many more
56. Modern India’s Spiritual
Contribution
• ISKCON
• Osho
• Mahesh Yogi (Guru of Beatels)
• Swami Chinmayanand (Guru of Ben Johnson)
• Yog
• Deepak chopra
• Sri Sri Ravi Shankar
• Maa Amritanandmayi
• …and many more
57. Hindu Population in the World
Percentage of Number of
Country Total Population
Hindus Hindus
1,189,610,328 80.5% 957,636,314
28,901,790 80.6%- 81% 23,294,843 - 23,410,450
150,448,339 9.2% - 10.5% 13,841,247 - 15,797,076
234,693,997 2% 4,693,880
164,741,924 1.5% - 2.02% 2,471,129 - 3,327,787
24,821,286 6.3% 1,563,741
20,926,315 7.1%- 15% 1,485,768 - 3,138,947
301,139,947 0.4% 1,204,560
91,077,287 1.9% 1,100,000
60,776,238 1% 607,762
1,250,882 48%- 50% 600,423 - 625,441
43,997,828 1.25% 549,973
36,913,721 1% 369,137
39,384,223 0.9% 354,458
33,390,141 1% 333,901
2,505,559 12% 300,667
918,675 30% - 33% 275,603 - 303,163
4,553,009 4% 262,120
1,056,608 22.5% 237,737
47,373,958 0.5% 236,870
769,095 28.3% - 33% 217,654 - 253,801
58. What They Said
• ‘We owe a lot to the Indians, who taught us how to count, without which no worthwhile
scientific discovery could have been made.’ - Albert Einstein
‘India is the cradle of the human race, the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history,
the grandmother of legend, and the great grand mother of tradition. Our most valuable and
most constructive materials in the history of man are treasured up in India only. ‘- Mark
Twain
‘If there is one place on the face of earth where all the dreams of living men have found a
home from the very earliest days when man began the dream of existence, it is India.’
Romain Rolland
‘India conquered and dominated China culturally for 20 centuries without ever having to
send a single soldier across her border.’ Hu Shih, former Ambassador of China to USA
‘Many of the advances in the sciences that we consider today to have been made in Europe
were in fact made in India centuries ago.’ - Grant Duff, British Historian of India
‘India was the motherland of our race and Sanskrit the mother of Europe's languages. India
was the mother of our philosophy, of much of our mathematics, of the ideals embodied in
Christianity... of self-government and democracy. In many ways, Mother India is the mother
of us all.’ - Will Durant, American Historian
The unique feature of India's contacts and relationship with other countries and peoples of the world is that the cultural expansion was never confused with colonial domination and commercial dynamism far less economic exploitation. That culture can advance without political motives, that trade can proceed without imperialist designs, settlements can take place without colonial excesses and that literature, religion and language can be transported without xenophobia, jingoism and race complexes are amply evidenced from the history of India's contact with her neighbors...Thus although a considerable part of central and south-eastern Asia became flourishing centers of Indian culture, they were seldom subjects to the regime of any Indian king or conquerors and hardly witnessed the horrors and havocs of any Indian military campaign. They were perfectly free, politically and economically and their people representing an integration of Indian and indigenous elements had no links with any Indian state and looked upon India as a holy land rather than a motherland – a land of pilgrimage and not an area of jurisdiction.