HERBS AS A RAW MATERIAL

1. HERBS AS
RAW
MATERIALS
S.Selvadurai.,M.Pharm.,MBA.,
Associate Professor
Department of Pharmacognosy
sasdurai85@gmail.com
Mobile:9943116377

3. DEFINITION OF HERB
The term herb is derived from
Latin word Herba and old French
word Herbe.
Herb can be defind as “ any plant
which leaves, stem, flowers, roots
and seeds: used for different
purpose like food, medicine,
flavoring, perfume”.

4. Botanically, herb is any seed-
bearing plant which does not
have a woody stem and dies
down to the ground after
flowering or completion of life
cycle.
DEFINITION OF HERB

5. HERBAL MEDICINE
Herbal medicine, also called botanical
medicine or Phytomedicine, are the
remedies and made from plants to
prevent and treat an illness or to
achieve good health.
Herbal medicines are accessible,
affordable and assured safety.
The global market of herbal medicines
is increasing due to its assured
benefits.

6. GLOBAL MARKET OF HERBAL MEDICINES
Herbal
medicine
Growth ccessible
ffordable
ssured SafetyA
62 billion $ 2005
5 trillion $ 2020

7. HERBAL MEDICINAL PRODUCT
These are medicinal products which
exclusively contains one or more
herbal substances as active
ingredients or one or more herbal
preparations, or one or more such
herbal substances in combination
with one or more such herbal
preparations

8. Herbal materials are either whole
plants or parts of medicinal plants in
the crude state which include herbs,
fresh juice, gums, fixed oils, essential
oils, resins and dry powders of herbs.
These materials may be processed by
various local procedures, such as
steaming, roasting, or stir baking with
honey, alcoholic beverages or other
materials.
HERBAL MEDICINAL PRODUCT

9. HERBAL DRUG PREPARATIONS
 Herbal preparations are the basis for finished
herbal products and many include comminuted
or powdered herbal materials, or extracts,
tinctures and fatty oils, expressed juices and
processed exudates of herbal materials.
 The are produced with the aid of extraction,
distillation, expression, fractionation,
purification, concentration, fermentaion, or other
physical or biological process.
 They also include preparations made by steeping
or heating herbal materials in alcoholic
beverages and / or honey, or in other materials.

10. Classification of Herbal medicine

11. CATEGORIZATION OF HERBAL MEDICINE

12. SOURCES OF HERBAL DRUGS
S.No Source Significance Examples
01 Plant
Most important source of
drugs, widely available, large
structural diversity,
sustainable, renewable, cost
effective source.
Digitalis, Cinchona,Aloe,
Rauwolfia, etc…
02 Animal
Provides many important
drugs, enzymes from ancient
time.
Honey, beeswax, cod liver
oil, gelatin etc..
03 Marine
Huge sources of many
potential drugs.
Agar, algae, Antibiotics
04 Minerals
Naturally occuring minerals,
salts, oxides are used as
medicine from ancient time.
Zinc oxide, calamine,
Bhasma, etc.,
05 Micro-organism
Now-a-days lot of new drugs
are discovered from micro-
organisms
Antibiotics, Enzymes,
vitamins
06 Modern approaches
Plant tissue culture,
biotechnological approches.
Insulin, hormones,
secondary metabolites

13. SELECTION OF HERBAL MATERIAL
 According to WHO data, more than 85% of world
population is directly or indirectly using plant
based medicines.
 On this background, it is very important to select
right plant material for development of herbal
drug.
 Selection of plant can be done by various
approaches like
 Randomized approach
 Ecological approach
 Chemo systemic approach
 Ethano botanical(traditional knowledge
based) approach.

14. IDENTIFICATION AND AUTHENTICATION OF HERBAL
DRUGS
Identification of herbal material is
combination of art and science.
Correct botanical identification of drug is
very important for good quality of finished
product.
If the starting raw material is not original or
good quality, then finished product quality
cannot be guaranteed.
Substitution or adulteration with
morphologically or chemically similar plant
is becoming common is herbal drug
industry.

15.  Identification of herb can be done by different ways.
Taxonomic method
Herbarium voucher sample
Macroscopic method
Microscopic method
Physicochemical method
Chromatographic methods
Spectroscopic methods
Molecular markers
Immuno assays

16. PROCESSING OF HERBAL RAW
MATERIALS
Collection of crude drugs
Harvesting of crude drugs
Dressing/garbling of crude
drugs
Drying of crude drugs
Packaging of crude drugs
Storage of crude drugs