This document discusses nonlinear medicine and electromagnetic drugs. It provides an overview of bioelectromagnetism, including its history, science, and key concepts. Bioelectromagnetism refers to the electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields produced by living cells or organisms. It can be divided based on Maxwell's equations and the principle of reciprocity into subdivisions involving the measurement of fields, stimulation and magnetization, and measurement of intrinsic electric and magnetic tissue properties. Understanding bioelectromagnetism is important because bioelectric phenomena in cell membranes are vital functions of living organisms.
If you have health, you probably will be happy, and if you have health and happiness, you have all the wealth you need, even if it is not all you want.
~Elbert Hubbard~
Before you used to spend money on oral medications to get health.
Now spend once for life time medication to have health and get life time income even after your death.
For details. watch
http://tinyurl.com/biokamran
Modeling of electric field and joule heating in breast tumor during electrop...Carlos A. Ramírez
— Electroporation consists in an electro-permeabilization of the cell membrane as a consequence of its exposure to an external electric field. Electrochemotherapy is an application of electroporation and represents a minimally invasive technique which is pretended to be applied in breast cancer treatment. The distribution of the electric field in tumoral tissue was obtained by simulation using finite elements technique.
This work presents a simulation of a breast carcinoma embedded in the healthy tissue under an electric field exposure through steel electrodes. The modeling of the current density and the temperature rise the electroporation whiting breast tissue and cancerous tissue seeks to observe by putting steel electrodes inside the deep tissue.
The effect of the electric field applied to deep tissue will depend on the geometry of the electrodes, Voltage applied through them and the kind of signal (time applied, voltage pulse train period, frequency pulses).
This document summarizes biopotential electrodes used to measure electric signals in the body. It discusses:
1) How biopotential electrodes work by interacting with ionic charge carriers in the body and transducing ionic currents into electric currents. Silver-silver chloride electrodes are commonly used as they are nearly nonpolarizable.
2) The electric characteristics of electrodes, which are generally nonlinear but can be modeled by an equivalent circuit including interface impedance and polarization components. Electrode properties like surface area affect impedance.
3) Common types of biopotential electrodes including metal plate electrodes for ECGs, recessed electrodes for chronic monitoring, and disposable electrodes with electrolyte-impregn
This document provides an overview of medical electronics course material covering biopotential recording and measurement. It discusses the origin of biopotentials from cellular electrical activity and the volume conductor fields that link this activity to external recordings. It covers biopotential electrodes and the electrode-electrolyte interface, including half-cell potentials, polarization, and the Nernst equation. Example biopotentials discussed include ECG, EEG, and EMG. The document also lists topics to be covered in subsequent units, such as biomedical measurement techniques, assist devices, radiological equipment, and recent trends.
- The document analyzes EMG signals from the bicep muscle during contractions while holding varying weights. It aims to quantify the relationship between muscle electrical potential and object weight.
- A biopotential amplifier and band-pass filter were built to capture EMG signals from the bicep. Signals were analyzed in MATLAB to correlate contraction magnitude to voltage differences.
- Testing showed a strong linear correlation between bicep contraction signal and held weight, allowing weight estimates from the EMG signal. However, further refinement of methods and portable implementation would be needed for physical therapy applications.
The document summarizes research on how low electromagnetic fields interact with excitable cells. It discusses how the heart generates the largest electrical and magnetic fields in the body within the extremely low frequency range. It also describes how cardiac muscle cells are interconnected through intercalated discs and gap junctions to propagate electrical signals. Finally, it provides background on bioelectricity, biomagnetism, and how electrical and magnetic fields can induce currents in tissues.
AN ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE TOMOGRAPHY SYSTEM FOR THYROID GLAND WITH A TINY ELECT...ijbesjournal
Electrical impedance Tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive imaging technique based on measuring of the
electrical conductivity and capacitance of abnormal and normal human tissues. The present work aims to
develop an EIT imaging system for imaging thyroid gland. Patients with thyroid nodules were eligible for
the study. The study was conducted on two groups of participants: control group consists of 20 normal
female cases and experimental consists of 20 goiter female patients. The thyroid nodule location, size, and
type measured by ultrasound. Thyroid gland conductivity and permittivity were recorded using EIT. The
impedance measurement is done through the applying of two probes: one probe to the neck region
(scanning probe) and the rest region (reference probe) with electrolytic gel for each probe, then the system
software proceeds to reconstruct the image and calculate the electrical impedance of the thyroid gland on
a personal computer which acts as an output display and storage for case information. The thyroid
scanning probe has 64 electrodes embedded on a small space (30 mm diameter and 50 mm height) inside
of the probe. Multifrequency impedance measurements are typically made by applying an electric current
to a target mass by using of the scanning probe and measuring the developed voltage. The present EIT
system provides real- time visualization of the spatial distribution of the electrical properties of the thyroid
tissue. Images obtained from the bioimpedance (BI) were compared to images obtained from the
ultrasound imaging, results showed great similarity between the two diagnostic images. Tumor tissue has
higher resistance and capacitance value than that of normal thyroid gland.
If you have health, you probably will be happy, and if you have health and happiness, you have all the wealth you need, even if it is not all you want.
~Elbert Hubbard~
Before you used to spend money on oral medications to get health.
Now spend once for life time medication to have health and get life time income even after your death.
For details. watch
http://tinyurl.com/biokamran
Modeling of electric field and joule heating in breast tumor during electrop...Carlos A. Ramírez
— Electroporation consists in an electro-permeabilization of the cell membrane as a consequence of its exposure to an external electric field. Electrochemotherapy is an application of electroporation and represents a minimally invasive technique which is pretended to be applied in breast cancer treatment. The distribution of the electric field in tumoral tissue was obtained by simulation using finite elements technique.
This work presents a simulation of a breast carcinoma embedded in the healthy tissue under an electric field exposure through steel electrodes. The modeling of the current density and the temperature rise the electroporation whiting breast tissue and cancerous tissue seeks to observe by putting steel electrodes inside the deep tissue.
The effect of the electric field applied to deep tissue will depend on the geometry of the electrodes, Voltage applied through them and the kind of signal (time applied, voltage pulse train period, frequency pulses).
This document summarizes biopotential electrodes used to measure electric signals in the body. It discusses:
1) How biopotential electrodes work by interacting with ionic charge carriers in the body and transducing ionic currents into electric currents. Silver-silver chloride electrodes are commonly used as they are nearly nonpolarizable.
2) The electric characteristics of electrodes, which are generally nonlinear but can be modeled by an equivalent circuit including interface impedance and polarization components. Electrode properties like surface area affect impedance.
3) Common types of biopotential electrodes including metal plate electrodes for ECGs, recessed electrodes for chronic monitoring, and disposable electrodes with electrolyte-impregn
This document provides an overview of medical electronics course material covering biopotential recording and measurement. It discusses the origin of biopotentials from cellular electrical activity and the volume conductor fields that link this activity to external recordings. It covers biopotential electrodes and the electrode-electrolyte interface, including half-cell potentials, polarization, and the Nernst equation. Example biopotentials discussed include ECG, EEG, and EMG. The document also lists topics to be covered in subsequent units, such as biomedical measurement techniques, assist devices, radiological equipment, and recent trends.
- The document analyzes EMG signals from the bicep muscle during contractions while holding varying weights. It aims to quantify the relationship between muscle electrical potential and object weight.
- A biopotential amplifier and band-pass filter were built to capture EMG signals from the bicep. Signals were analyzed in MATLAB to correlate contraction magnitude to voltage differences.
- Testing showed a strong linear correlation between bicep contraction signal and held weight, allowing weight estimates from the EMG signal. However, further refinement of methods and portable implementation would be needed for physical therapy applications.
The document summarizes research on how low electromagnetic fields interact with excitable cells. It discusses how the heart generates the largest electrical and magnetic fields in the body within the extremely low frequency range. It also describes how cardiac muscle cells are interconnected through intercalated discs and gap junctions to propagate electrical signals. Finally, it provides background on bioelectricity, biomagnetism, and how electrical and magnetic fields can induce currents in tissues.
AN ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE TOMOGRAPHY SYSTEM FOR THYROID GLAND WITH A TINY ELECT...ijbesjournal
Electrical impedance Tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive imaging technique based on measuring of the
electrical conductivity and capacitance of abnormal and normal human tissues. The present work aims to
develop an EIT imaging system for imaging thyroid gland. Patients with thyroid nodules were eligible for
the study. The study was conducted on two groups of participants: control group consists of 20 normal
female cases and experimental consists of 20 goiter female patients. The thyroid nodule location, size, and
type measured by ultrasound. Thyroid gland conductivity and permittivity were recorded using EIT. The
impedance measurement is done through the applying of two probes: one probe to the neck region
(scanning probe) and the rest region (reference probe) with electrolytic gel for each probe, then the system
software proceeds to reconstruct the image and calculate the electrical impedance of the thyroid gland on
a personal computer which acts as an output display and storage for case information. The thyroid
scanning probe has 64 electrodes embedded on a small space (30 mm diameter and 50 mm height) inside
of the probe. Multifrequency impedance measurements are typically made by applying an electric current
to a target mass by using of the scanning probe and measuring the developed voltage. The present EIT
system provides real- time visualization of the spatial distribution of the electrical properties of the thyroid
tissue. Images obtained from the bioimpedance (BI) were compared to images obtained from the
ultrasound imaging, results showed great similarity between the two diagnostic images. Tumor tissue has
higher resistance and capacitance value than that of normal thyroid gland.
Bioelectromagnetism examines electric, electromagnetic, and magnetic phenomena that arise in biological tissues. It has been studied since ancient Egyptians observed electric shocks from stingrays. One early medical application used stingrays to treat headaches and arthritis. Virtually all scientists are aware of bioelectricity in nerves and muscles, but fewer know the importance of biomagnetism - the magnetic fields surrounding living organisms produced by electrical activity. Applications of bioelectromagnetism include transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain and magnetic stimulation of neural tissue. Adverse effects can include tissue heating from intense electromagnetic fields.
Biophysical fields. color coronal spectral analysis.Alexander Decker
This document summarizes research on registering various types of non-ionizing radiation emitted from the human body using different biophysical methods. It discusses detecting electromagnetic waves, infrared radiation, thermal radiation and bioluminescence from the body through methods like infrared thermography, electromagnetic field registration, and biophoton detection. It also describes analyzing the specific photon emission from parts of the body using color coronal spectral analysis with gas electrical discharge, which found photon emissions in the visible light spectrum that correspond to different colors and energies. The research aims to evaluate biophysical methods for registering different non-ionizing radiation wave types emitted from the human body.
Biophysical fields. color coronal spectral analysis.Alexander Decker
This document summarizes research on registering various types of non-ionizing radiation emitted from the human body using different biophysical methods. It discusses detecting electromagnetic waves, infrared radiation, thermal radiation and bioluminescence from the body through methods like infrared thermography, electromagnetic field registration, and biophoton detection. It also describes analyzing the specific photon emission from parts of the body using color coronal spectral analysis with gas electrical discharge, which found photon emissions in the visible light spectrum corresponding to different colors and their energies in electronvolts.
Electromagnetism Concept : Theory to Applications | Superb Explanation ! | 2024Clevstudy
lectromagnetism Concept : Theory to Applications | Superb Explanation ! | 2024
As we know at the microscopic level there are some charges and these charges have the force of attraction between them. Here electromagnetism is a force that governs the behavior of electrically charged particles. It is a branch of science that deals with the interaction between an electric field and a magnetic field and the way they interact with matter and each other.
Table of Content : (Electromagnetism Concept)
What is electromagnetism?
How does electromagnetism work?
What are the applications of electromagnetism?
What are the disadvantages of electromagnetism?
FAQ : (Electromagnetism Concept)
what is a real-life application of electromagnetism?
what is the definition of electromagnetism?
who originated the branch of electricity generally described as electromagnetism?
who came up with the idea of classical electromagnetism?
What is electromagnetism?
1 . (Electromagnetism Concept)
Electromagnetism is the study of electric charges and the magnetic field they produce. As we know electric charges are of two types positive and negative. So these electric charges create an electric field around them similarly moving charges generate magnetic fields and the interaction between this electric and magnetic field gives rise to electromagnetism.
How does electromagnetism work?
2 . (Electromagnetism Concept)
The behavior of electromagnetism is described by Maxwell. He has derived some equations, these equations mathematically describe how electric and magnetic filled interact and propagate through space. According to Maxwell’s equation changing the electric field-induced magnetic field and changing the magnetic field-induced electric field both create a self-sustaining cycle of electromagnetic waves.
What are the applications of electromagnetism?
3 . (Electromagnetism Concept)
Electromagnetism finds various applications across various fields, it has great potential in revolutionizing technology and shaping modern civilization.
Some of the real-life applications of electromagnetism are given below:-
Electromagnetic induction:-By inducing electric current in a conductor through a changing magnetic field electromagnetic induction enables the generation of electricity on a large scale. With the help of this phenomenon, electricity can be produced in a huge amount.
Electromagnetic waves:– Electromagnetic waves are of various types and the propagation of electromagnetic waves such as radio waves, microwave and light waves form the basis of modern communication systems from radio broadcasting to wireless internet electromagnetic waves facilitate long-distance communication and information exchange.
Electromagnetic devices:- Electromagnetic devices including electric motors, Magnetic resonance imaging, and electromagnet work on the principle of electromagnetism. Electric motors convert electrical and More !
The use of magnetism in medicine is recorded in the history of most civilizations. The first usage is noted in Chinese writings (approximately 2000 B.C.), referencing the use of magnetism in conjunction with acupuncture. Cleopatra is said to have worn a lodestone on her forehead to prevent aging.
Dr. AVS Suresh, MD, DM, ECMO, Consultant Hemato-Oncologist, Chief Scientific Officer & Director, ClinSync, on the man-made as well as other kind of EMF radiation.
A Novel Approach for Measuring Electrical Impedance Tomography for Local Tiss...CSCJournals
This paper proposes a novel approach for measuring Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) of a living tissue in a human body. EIT is a non-invasive technique to measure two or three-dimensional impedance for medical diagnosis involving several diseases. To measure the impedance value electrodes are connected to the skin of the patient and an image of the conductivity or permittivity of living tissue is deduced from surface electrodes. The determination of local impedance parameters can be carried out using an equivalent circuit model. However, the estimation of inner tissue impedance distribution using impedance measurements on a global tissue from various directions is an inverse problem. Hence it is necessary to solve the inverse problem of calculating mathematical values for current and potential from conducting surfaces. This paper proposes a novel algorithm that can be successfully used for estimating parameters. The proposed novel hybrid model is a combination of an artificial intelligence based gradient free optimization technique and numerical integration. This ameliorates the achievement of spatial resolution of equivalent circuit model to the closest accuracy. We address the issue of initial parameter estimation and spatial resolution accuracy of an electrode structure by using an arrangement called “divided electrode” for measurement of bio-impedance in a cross section of a local tissue.
This document discusses the future of bioelectronics in medicine. It describes how the convergence of biology and electronics could allow for technologies like restoring vision or reversing spinal cord injuries using implanted devices. Key areas that could be impacted include healthcare, homeland security, and protecting the environment. The document outlines some of the materials being researched for bioelectronics like graphene and PEDOT, as well as devices like pacemakers and biosensors. Advances in bioelectronics hold promise for new medical treatments but also challenges in biocompatibility and sensor longevity that researchers are working to address.
Physiological Effects Of Microcurrent On The Body Peter Lathropdrpeterlathrop
Microcurrent therapy involves applying a very low electric current (in the microamp range) to the body. This current mimics the body's natural bioelectric currents and stimulates cellular physiology and growth. One study showed microcurrent increased ATP generation by 500%. Microcurrent enhances the body's natural healing processes by increasing ATP, membrane transport of ions, and protein synthesis. It reduces tissue resistance, allowing bioelectricity to flow and restore homeostasis after injury or dysfunction.
Influence of electromagnetic field on living organismsRavi Khoiwal
The document discusses various types of physiotherapy including laser therapy, electromiostimulation, amplipulse therapy, and magnetic therapy. It explains their applications and mechanisms of action. The document also discusses the effects of external electromagnetic fields on the human body from sources like power lines, appliances, and communication devices. While electromagnetic fields can stimulate cellular metabolism, they also pose health risks to tissues like the brain, heart, and reproductive system. Care must be taken to limit exposure and prevent harm.
This document provides a summary of the history and current status of electromagnetic field (EMF) therapy and its effects on the immune system and inflammation. It discusses how EMF therapy was used as early as 2750 BC to treat maladies. Modern research from the 1960s onward helped establish that tissues respond to biophysical inputs like electrical and electromagnetic fields. The document reviews how EMFs are generated and their effects on biosystems at the cellular level. It explains that EMF therapy may work by cells both generating and detecting EMFs to communicate. The anti-inflammatory effects of EMF therapy are also summarized, noting its potential to reduce inflammation through effects on calcium signaling and cell membrane processes.
Dear B.Sc MIT Students,
Attached is an essential document featuring comprehensive Questions & Answers for Nuclear medicine 3 marks questions and answers. We encourage you to utilize this resource to deepen your understanding and excel in your studies. Wishing you all the success in your academic endeavors and future careers.
Best regards,
This document discusses using electromyography (EMG) signals to control electromechanical devices. Specifically, it describes an experiment where EMG signals from the legs of a cricket are used to drive a remote control car. Electrodes are inserted into the cricket's legs to detect myoelectric signals generated during muscle contraction. These amplified EMG signals are acquired by a PIC16F88 microprocessor which uses threshold detection and logic algorithms to send command signals controlling the remote control car. The goal is to develop a "cricket car" model for studying neuroengineering applications of biological signal processing.
This document provides an overview of the main branches of physics, including mechanics, kinematics, dynamics, statics, geophysics, aero-physics, high energy physics, astronomy, astrophysics, bio-physics, particle physics, plasma physics, solid state physics, quantum mechanics, quantum electronics, quantum electrodynamics, quantum optics, radiation physics, celestial mechanics, matrix mechanics, seismology, statistical mechanics, health physics, medical physics, and theoretical physics. Each branch is briefly defined in one or two sentences.
Dr. V. Swarajya Lakshmi presented on electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) to treat severe mental illnesses. ECT involves inducing seizures in anesthetized patients using electric currents administered through electrodes placed on the head. It is effective for treating depression, mania, and schizophrenia. While its exact mechanisms are unclear, ECT is thought to impact neurotransmitter systems in the brain. It carries risks but is considered safe when properly administered. ECT remains an important treatment option for severe and treatment-resistant psychiatric conditions.
BioMedima - Introduction to imaging modalitiesccberger
This document provides an introduction to different imaging modalities used in biomedical imaging. It discusses the basic process of biomedical imaging which involves emitting an energetic wave at a subject, the wave interacting with and being modified by the subject's tissues, and detecting the output waves to create an image. The two main types of waves used are sound waves, such as ultrasound, and electromagnetic waves, which are used in other modalities. It describes the properties and interactions of these different wave types with tissues and how they form the basis of different imaging modalities.
Electromyography and its uses about signals.pptRGCE
1. Electromyography (EMG) involves recording the electrical activity of muscles. Important historical events include Galvani's discovery that muscles contract in response to electricity in the late 18th century and Duchenne's systematic investigations using electrical stimulation in the 19th century.
2. EMG signals are detected using surface or indwelling electrodes and amplified. Factors like electrode placement, distance between electrodes, and signal filtering influence the recorded signal. Signals are typically sampled above the Nyquist frequency and processed in the time or frequency domain.
3. Common processing techniques in the time domain include rectification, filtering, integration, and root mean square. These aim to extract meaningful information from raw EMG signals and correlate
This document provides an introduction to electrocardiography (ECG) and the electrical properties of the human heart. It discusses the structure and function of the heart chambers and valves. It describes how electrical impulses are generated in the sinoatrial node and propagated through the heart muscle to coordinate contractions. Recording these electrical signals noninvasively with electrodes on the skin is the basis of ECG. Key events in the cardiac cycle such as depolarization and repolarization are also summarized.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Bioelectromagnetism examines electric, electromagnetic, and magnetic phenomena that arise in biological tissues. It has been studied since ancient Egyptians observed electric shocks from stingrays. One early medical application used stingrays to treat headaches and arthritis. Virtually all scientists are aware of bioelectricity in nerves and muscles, but fewer know the importance of biomagnetism - the magnetic fields surrounding living organisms produced by electrical activity. Applications of bioelectromagnetism include transcranial magnetic stimulation of the brain and magnetic stimulation of neural tissue. Adverse effects can include tissue heating from intense electromagnetic fields.
Biophysical fields. color coronal spectral analysis.Alexander Decker
This document summarizes research on registering various types of non-ionizing radiation emitted from the human body using different biophysical methods. It discusses detecting electromagnetic waves, infrared radiation, thermal radiation and bioluminescence from the body through methods like infrared thermography, electromagnetic field registration, and biophoton detection. It also describes analyzing the specific photon emission from parts of the body using color coronal spectral analysis with gas electrical discharge, which found photon emissions in the visible light spectrum that correspond to different colors and energies. The research aims to evaluate biophysical methods for registering different non-ionizing radiation wave types emitted from the human body.
Biophysical fields. color coronal spectral analysis.Alexander Decker
This document summarizes research on registering various types of non-ionizing radiation emitted from the human body using different biophysical methods. It discusses detecting electromagnetic waves, infrared radiation, thermal radiation and bioluminescence from the body through methods like infrared thermography, electromagnetic field registration, and biophoton detection. It also describes analyzing the specific photon emission from parts of the body using color coronal spectral analysis with gas electrical discharge, which found photon emissions in the visible light spectrum corresponding to different colors and their energies in electronvolts.
Electromagnetism Concept : Theory to Applications | Superb Explanation ! | 2024Clevstudy
lectromagnetism Concept : Theory to Applications | Superb Explanation ! | 2024
As we know at the microscopic level there are some charges and these charges have the force of attraction between them. Here electromagnetism is a force that governs the behavior of electrically charged particles. It is a branch of science that deals with the interaction between an electric field and a magnetic field and the way they interact with matter and each other.
Table of Content : (Electromagnetism Concept)
What is electromagnetism?
How does electromagnetism work?
What are the applications of electromagnetism?
What are the disadvantages of electromagnetism?
FAQ : (Electromagnetism Concept)
what is a real-life application of electromagnetism?
what is the definition of electromagnetism?
who originated the branch of electricity generally described as electromagnetism?
who came up with the idea of classical electromagnetism?
What is electromagnetism?
1 . (Electromagnetism Concept)
Electromagnetism is the study of electric charges and the magnetic field they produce. As we know electric charges are of two types positive and negative. So these electric charges create an electric field around them similarly moving charges generate magnetic fields and the interaction between this electric and magnetic field gives rise to electromagnetism.
How does electromagnetism work?
2 . (Electromagnetism Concept)
The behavior of electromagnetism is described by Maxwell. He has derived some equations, these equations mathematically describe how electric and magnetic filled interact and propagate through space. According to Maxwell’s equation changing the electric field-induced magnetic field and changing the magnetic field-induced electric field both create a self-sustaining cycle of electromagnetic waves.
What are the applications of electromagnetism?
3 . (Electromagnetism Concept)
Electromagnetism finds various applications across various fields, it has great potential in revolutionizing technology and shaping modern civilization.
Some of the real-life applications of electromagnetism are given below:-
Electromagnetic induction:-By inducing electric current in a conductor through a changing magnetic field electromagnetic induction enables the generation of electricity on a large scale. With the help of this phenomenon, electricity can be produced in a huge amount.
Electromagnetic waves:– Electromagnetic waves are of various types and the propagation of electromagnetic waves such as radio waves, microwave and light waves form the basis of modern communication systems from radio broadcasting to wireless internet electromagnetic waves facilitate long-distance communication and information exchange.
Electromagnetic devices:- Electromagnetic devices including electric motors, Magnetic resonance imaging, and electromagnet work on the principle of electromagnetism. Electric motors convert electrical and More !
The use of magnetism in medicine is recorded in the history of most civilizations. The first usage is noted in Chinese writings (approximately 2000 B.C.), referencing the use of magnetism in conjunction with acupuncture. Cleopatra is said to have worn a lodestone on her forehead to prevent aging.
Dr. AVS Suresh, MD, DM, ECMO, Consultant Hemato-Oncologist, Chief Scientific Officer & Director, ClinSync, on the man-made as well as other kind of EMF radiation.
A Novel Approach for Measuring Electrical Impedance Tomography for Local Tiss...CSCJournals
This paper proposes a novel approach for measuring Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) of a living tissue in a human body. EIT is a non-invasive technique to measure two or three-dimensional impedance for medical diagnosis involving several diseases. To measure the impedance value electrodes are connected to the skin of the patient and an image of the conductivity or permittivity of living tissue is deduced from surface electrodes. The determination of local impedance parameters can be carried out using an equivalent circuit model. However, the estimation of inner tissue impedance distribution using impedance measurements on a global tissue from various directions is an inverse problem. Hence it is necessary to solve the inverse problem of calculating mathematical values for current and potential from conducting surfaces. This paper proposes a novel algorithm that can be successfully used for estimating parameters. The proposed novel hybrid model is a combination of an artificial intelligence based gradient free optimization technique and numerical integration. This ameliorates the achievement of spatial resolution of equivalent circuit model to the closest accuracy. We address the issue of initial parameter estimation and spatial resolution accuracy of an electrode structure by using an arrangement called “divided electrode” for measurement of bio-impedance in a cross section of a local tissue.
This document discusses the future of bioelectronics in medicine. It describes how the convergence of biology and electronics could allow for technologies like restoring vision or reversing spinal cord injuries using implanted devices. Key areas that could be impacted include healthcare, homeland security, and protecting the environment. The document outlines some of the materials being researched for bioelectronics like graphene and PEDOT, as well as devices like pacemakers and biosensors. Advances in bioelectronics hold promise for new medical treatments but also challenges in biocompatibility and sensor longevity that researchers are working to address.
Physiological Effects Of Microcurrent On The Body Peter Lathropdrpeterlathrop
Microcurrent therapy involves applying a very low electric current (in the microamp range) to the body. This current mimics the body's natural bioelectric currents and stimulates cellular physiology and growth. One study showed microcurrent increased ATP generation by 500%. Microcurrent enhances the body's natural healing processes by increasing ATP, membrane transport of ions, and protein synthesis. It reduces tissue resistance, allowing bioelectricity to flow and restore homeostasis after injury or dysfunction.
Influence of electromagnetic field on living organismsRavi Khoiwal
The document discusses various types of physiotherapy including laser therapy, electromiostimulation, amplipulse therapy, and magnetic therapy. It explains their applications and mechanisms of action. The document also discusses the effects of external electromagnetic fields on the human body from sources like power lines, appliances, and communication devices. While electromagnetic fields can stimulate cellular metabolism, they also pose health risks to tissues like the brain, heart, and reproductive system. Care must be taken to limit exposure and prevent harm.
This document provides a summary of the history and current status of electromagnetic field (EMF) therapy and its effects on the immune system and inflammation. It discusses how EMF therapy was used as early as 2750 BC to treat maladies. Modern research from the 1960s onward helped establish that tissues respond to biophysical inputs like electrical and electromagnetic fields. The document reviews how EMFs are generated and their effects on biosystems at the cellular level. It explains that EMF therapy may work by cells both generating and detecting EMFs to communicate. The anti-inflammatory effects of EMF therapy are also summarized, noting its potential to reduce inflammation through effects on calcium signaling and cell membrane processes.
Dear B.Sc MIT Students,
Attached is an essential document featuring comprehensive Questions & Answers for Nuclear medicine 3 marks questions and answers. We encourage you to utilize this resource to deepen your understanding and excel in your studies. Wishing you all the success in your academic endeavors and future careers.
Best regards,
This document discusses using electromyography (EMG) signals to control electromechanical devices. Specifically, it describes an experiment where EMG signals from the legs of a cricket are used to drive a remote control car. Electrodes are inserted into the cricket's legs to detect myoelectric signals generated during muscle contraction. These amplified EMG signals are acquired by a PIC16F88 microprocessor which uses threshold detection and logic algorithms to send command signals controlling the remote control car. The goal is to develop a "cricket car" model for studying neuroengineering applications of biological signal processing.
This document provides an overview of the main branches of physics, including mechanics, kinematics, dynamics, statics, geophysics, aero-physics, high energy physics, astronomy, astrophysics, bio-physics, particle physics, plasma physics, solid state physics, quantum mechanics, quantum electronics, quantum electrodynamics, quantum optics, radiation physics, celestial mechanics, matrix mechanics, seismology, statistical mechanics, health physics, medical physics, and theoretical physics. Each branch is briefly defined in one or two sentences.
Dr. V. Swarajya Lakshmi presented on electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) to treat severe mental illnesses. ECT involves inducing seizures in anesthetized patients using electric currents administered through electrodes placed on the head. It is effective for treating depression, mania, and schizophrenia. While its exact mechanisms are unclear, ECT is thought to impact neurotransmitter systems in the brain. It carries risks but is considered safe when properly administered. ECT remains an important treatment option for severe and treatment-resistant psychiatric conditions.
BioMedima - Introduction to imaging modalitiesccberger
This document provides an introduction to different imaging modalities used in biomedical imaging. It discusses the basic process of biomedical imaging which involves emitting an energetic wave at a subject, the wave interacting with and being modified by the subject's tissues, and detecting the output waves to create an image. The two main types of waves used are sound waves, such as ultrasound, and electromagnetic waves, which are used in other modalities. It describes the properties and interactions of these different wave types with tissues and how they form the basis of different imaging modalities.
Electromyography and its uses about signals.pptRGCE
1. Electromyography (EMG) involves recording the electrical activity of muscles. Important historical events include Galvani's discovery that muscles contract in response to electricity in the late 18th century and Duchenne's systematic investigations using electrical stimulation in the 19th century.
2. EMG signals are detected using surface or indwelling electrodes and amplified. Factors like electrode placement, distance between electrodes, and signal filtering influence the recorded signal. Signals are typically sampled above the Nyquist frequency and processed in the time or frequency domain.
3. Common processing techniques in the time domain include rectification, filtering, integration, and root mean square. These aim to extract meaningful information from raw EMG signals and correlate
This document provides an introduction to electrocardiography (ECG) and the electrical properties of the human heart. It discusses the structure and function of the heart chambers and valves. It describes how electrical impulses are generated in the sinoatrial node and propagated through the heart muscle to coordinate contractions. Recording these electrical signals noninvasively with electrodes on the skin is the basis of ECG. Key events in the cardiac cycle such as depolarization and repolarization are also summarized.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic ApproachAyurveda ForAll
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.
Our backs are like superheroes, holding us up and helping us move around. But sometimes, even superheroes can get hurt. That’s where slip discs come in.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxAyeshaZaid1
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune DiseaseHealth Advances
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotesPsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
One health condition that is becoming more common day by day is diabetes.
According to research conducted by the National Family Health Survey of India, diabetic cases show a projection which might increase to 10.4% by 2030.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdfJim Jacob Roy
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
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2. Scenario
Bioelectromagnetism
Electromagnetic Medicine
Devices in commerce
Missing Links
The Questions without answer
Agenda
HealthQE Consortium
Who we are
What we do
One our Project working-in-progress
What we offer
What we look for
Nonlinear Medicine &
Electromagnetic Drugs
4. Bioelectromagnetism:
History
First mentioned when the ancient Egyptians
had problems catching a particular kind of
fish which would give them powerful electric
shocks (>450V), forcing them to drop the fish
back into the water
In the first medical application of
bioelectromagnetism, a similar kind of fish
was used to treat headaches and arthritis
from 46CE until the 17th century CE.
5. Bioelectromagnetism: Science
Bio-magnetism is the
science of applying a
supplementary magnetic
field to living organisms.
The principal of bio-
magnetism dates back
thousands of years and was
practiced and described by
ancient civilizations
thousands of years ago.
Today, we are at an
exciting junction in the
evolution of health care
as bio-magnetic therapy
is fast becoming one of
the most promising new
therapeutic interventions.
6. Virtually all scientists and science students
are aware of bioelectricity (though they may
not call it that)
Not many are aware of the importance of
biomagnetism: the magnetic fields
surrounding all living organisms produced by
the internal ongoing electrical activity
Pioneered by David Cohen – 60's, 70's
Bioelectromagnetism: Science
7. Each cell has a
positive & a negative
field in the DNA.
Cell division is a
process responsible
for keeping the body
healthy &
rejuvenated.
The force which
activates the
formation and division
of cells is magnetic
energy.
The proper function
and interaction of all
organs and systems in
the body depend on the
constant presence of
adequate magnetic
energy.
Magnetism is
essential for the
body’s electromagnetic
activity and plays a
major role in health
and disease.
Body Is An
Electro-Magnetic System
Bioelectromagnetism: Science
8. Bioelectromagnetism:
Definition
Bioelectromagnetism is interdisciplinary since
it involves the association of the life sciences
with the physical and engineering sciences.
Bioelectromagnetism refers to electric,
magnetic, or electromagnetic fields produced
by living cells or organisms
Examples: membrane potentials, action
potentials, electric currents that flow through
nerves/muscles, Brain Oscillations, magnetic
field of the heart (EKG), etc.
9. Bioelectromagnetism:
Concepts
Bioelectromagnetism is a discipline that
examines the electric, electromagnetic, and
magnetic phenomena which arise in biological
tissues. These phenomena include:
The behavior of excitable tissue (the sources)
The electric currents and potentials in the volume
conductor
The magnetic field at and beyond the body
The response of excitable cells to electric and
magnetic field stimulation
The intrinsic electric and magnetic properties
of the tissue
10. Figure. 1 recognized
interdisciplinary fields that
associate physics and
engineering with medicine
and biology:
BEN = Bioengineering,
BPH = Biophysics,
BEM = Bioelectromagnetism,
MPH = Medical Physics,
MEN = Medical Engineering,
MEL = Medical Electronics.
Bioelectromagnetism: Figure 1
11. Figure illustrates the relationships between
these disciplines.
The coordinate origin represents the more
theoretical sciences, such as biology and
physics.
Combining a pair of sciences from medical and
technical fields yields interdisciplinary sciences
such as medical engineering.
It must be understood that the disciplines are
actually multidimensional, and thus their two-
dimensional description is only suggestive.
Bioelectromagnetism: Figure 1
12. SUBDIVISIONS OF
BIOELECTROMAGNETISM
Division on a Theoretical
Basis
The discipline of bioelectromagnetism may be
subdivided in many different ways. One such
classification divides the field on theoretical
grounds according to two universal principles:
Maxwell's equations (the electromagnetic
connection) and
the Principle of Reciprocity.
This philosophy is illustrated in Figure 2 and is
discussed in greater detail below
13. Bioelectromagnetism
:
Maxwell's Equations
Maxwell's equations, i.e. the electromagnetic
connection, connect time-varying electric and
magnetic fields so that when there are bioelectric
fields there always are also biomagnetic fields, and
vice versa (Maxwell, 1865).
Depending on whether we discuss electric,
electromagnetic, or magnetic phenomena,
bioelectromagnetism may be divided along one
conceptual dimension (horizontally in Figure 2) into
three subdivisions, namely
Bioelectricity
Bioelectromagnetism
14. Bioelectromagnetis
m:
Reciprocity Principle
Owing to the principle of reciprocity, the sensitivity
distribution in the detection of bioelectric signals,
the energy distribution in electric stimulation, and
the sensitivity distribution of electric impedance
measurements are the same.
This is also true for the corresponding
bioelectromagnetic and biomagnetic methods,
respectively.
Depending on whether we discuss the
measurement of the field, of
stimulation/magnetization, or the measurement of
15. Bioelectromagnetism may be divided within this
framework (vertically in Figure 2) as follows:-
i. Measurement of an electric or a magnetic field
from a bioelectric source or (the magnetic field
from) magnetic material.
ii. Electric stimulation with an electric or a
magnetic field or the magnetization of
materials (with magnetic field)
iii. Measurement of the intrinsic electric or
magnetic properties of tissue
Bioelectromagnetis
m:
framework
17. From Fig 2, It is first divided horizontally to:
Bioelectricity
Bioelectromagnetism
Biomagnetism
Then the division is made vertically to:
I. measurement of fields,
II. stimulation and magnetization, and
III. measurement of intrinsic electric and magnetic
properties of tissue.
The horizontal divisions are tied together by
Maxwell's equations and the vertical divisions
by the principle of reciprocity.
Bioelectromagnetis
m:
framework
18. Bioelectromagnetism:
Description of
Subdivisions
1. Measurement of an Electric or a Magnetic Field
It refers, essentially, to the electric or magnetic
signals produced by the activity of living tissues.
In this subdivision of bioelectromagnetism, the
active tissues produce electromagnetic energy,
which is measured either electrically or
magnetically within or outside the organism in
which the source lies.
This subdivision includes also the magnetic field
produced by magnetic material in the tissue.
Examples of these fields in the three horizontal
subdivisions are shown in Table #1
20. (II) Electric Stimulation with an Electric or a
Magnetic Field or the Magnetization of
Materials
In this subdivisions electric or magnetic energy is
generated with an electronic device outside
biological tissues. When this electric or magnetic
energy is applied to excitable tissue in order to
activate it, it is called electric stimulation or
magnetic stimulation, respectively.
This kind of experiment, called electrifying.
Magnetic energy may also be applied for other
therapeutic purposes, called electrotherapy or
magnetotherapy.
Examples of this second subdivision of
bioelectromagnetism, also called electrobiology
and magnetobiology, respectively, are shown in
Table 2.
21. Table 2 II ) Stimulation and
Magnetization
(A) Bioelectricity (B)Bioelectromagnetism (C) Biomagnetism
Stimulation
Patch Clamp, Voltage Clamp
Electric Stimulation of the central
Nervous System or of motor
nerve/muscles
Magnetic Stimulation of The
Central Nervous System or
of
Motor Nerve/Muscle
Electric Cardiac Pacing
Magnetic Cardiac
Pacing
Electric Cardiac Defibrillation
Magnetic Cardiac
Defibrillation
Therapeutic Applications
Electrotherapy Electromagnetotherapy Magnetotherapy
Electrosurgery (Surgical
Diathermy)
Magnetization
Magnetization of
Ferromagnetic
22. (III) Measurement of the Intrinsic Electric or
Magnetic Properties of Tissue
As in Subdivision II, electric or magnetic
energy is generated by an electronic device
outside the biological tissue and applied to it.
However, when the strength of the energy is
subthreshold, the passive (intrinsic) electric
and magnetic properties of the tissue may be
obtained by performing suitable
measurements.
Table 3 illustrates this subdivision:
23. Table 3 III ) Measurement of
Intrinsic Properties
(A) Bioelectricity
(B)Bioelectromagneti
sm
(C) Biomagnetism
Electric Measurement of
Electric Impedance
Magnetic Measurement
of Electric Impedance
Measurement of
Magnetic
Susceptibility
Impedance
Cardiography
Magnetic Susceptibility
Plethysmography
Impedance
Pneumography
Magnetic Remanence
Measurement
Impedance Tomography Impedance Tomography
Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (MRI)
Electrodermal Response
(EDR)
24. Importance of
Bioelectromagnetism
The main reason is that bioelectric phenomena
of the cell membrane are vital functions of the
living organism.
The cell uses the membrane potential in several
ways. With rapid opening of the channels for
sodium ions, the membrane potential is altered
radically within a thousandth of a second.
Cells in the nervous system communicate with
one another by means of such electric signals
that rapidly travel along the nerve processes.
25. In the investigation of other modalities, such as
biochemical and biophysical events, special
transducers must be used to convert the
phenomenon of interest into a measurable
electric signal.
In contrast electric phenomena can easily be
directly measured with simple electrodes.
As a result of the rapid development of
electronic instrumentation and computer
science, diagnostic instruments, which are
based on bioelectric phenomena, have
Importance of
Bioelectromagnetism
26. The development of microelectronics has made
such equipment portable and strengthened their
diagnostic power. Implantable cardiac
pacemakers have allowed millions of people
with heart problems to return to normal life.
Biomagnetism applications are likewise being
rapidly developed and will, in the future,
supplement bioelectric methods in medical
diagnosis and therapy.
These examples illustrate that
bioelectromagnetism is a vital part of our
Importance of
Bioelectromagnetism
27. Biomagnetism in the Scientific
Community
The community is aware of biomagnetism, but much
of the research that focuses on it is looked at as
pseudoscience and the papers and their authors are
not taken seriously, except for some very technical
research (ie. Magnetic field influence on biochemical
reactions).
Funding is short for more exploratory research.
Many subscribe to the paradigm that magnetic fields
have no function or purpose on their own, they are
just a byproduct of the oscillations
Sound Familiar?
28. “The assumption of quackery that has attended
this subject since the time of Mesmer's original
“animal magnetism” investigations (1700's)
continues to hamper efforts to compile a
reliable database on the health effects of
electromagnetic fields.”
- 2004, Roger M. Mackils, MD. “Magnetic Healing,
Quackery, and the Debate about the Health Effects of
Electromagnetic Fields”, History of Medicine
- this quote came after a series of papers addressing
the issue of magnetic fields from power-lines, radio
stations, etc, may have health effects on humans
were dismissed as pseudoscience
Biomagnetism in the Scientific
Community
29. Magnetobiology
The study of biological effects of mainly weak and
low-frequency magnetic fields (because
strong/high-freq fields cause heating of tissue)
Results are both difficult to interpret and to
reproduce because magnetic fields are spatio-
temporally summative, meaning they depend on
all other magnetic fields in range (10-20% fail to
be reproduced or see effects)
30. Magnetoreception
Pineal gland, along with a few other visual areas of the
brain, are involved in sensing magnetic fields (Semm et al. 1984
Semm, P., Nohr, D., Demaine, C., and Wiltschko, W. (1984). J. Comp. Physiol. [A] 155, 283–288.)
Pineal gland is light sensitive and contains
electromagnetically sensitive crystals (calcite and
magnetite)
Trigeminal nerve system also thought to be involved
However, we don't know the details! - primary
magnetoreceptors have not been identified
unambiguously
31. External Magnetic Fields
What can magnetic or
electromagnetic fields do
that relate to biology?
Influence biochemical reactions
Influence rotational and energy states of
atoms/molecules in protein structures
Magnetically induced charges effect the
properties of liquid water
Affect neurotransmitter levels (melatonin) (1993: Reiter
R J. Static and extremely low frequency electromagnetic field exposure: reported effects on
the circadian production of melatonin.. Journal of cellular biochemistry 1993;51(4):394-403.)
Geometry of crystallization
32. Biochemical Reactions:
Some biochemical reactions can only occur in certain
frequency bands or magnitudes of magnetic fields, just like
oscillation dependent reactions (biomagnetochemistry)
Rotational and energy states
of atoms
MF's effect the electron-spin motion of atoms
and their energy states (quantum state) and
other quantum mechanical processes, which
seem to influence protein development and
DNA activity (Magnetokinetic Effects on Radical Pairs: A Paradigm
for Magnetic Field Interactions with Biological Systems at Lower Than
Thermal Energy. Walleczek, Electromagnetic Fields. May 5, 1995, 395-420)
and (Magnetic field activation of protein-DNA binding. Lin, Hana. Han, Li.
Journal of Cellular Biology
Biomagnetochemistry
Spin & Quantum State
33. Crystal Geometry
The magnetic fields that a crystal
structure is developed in strongly
influences the geometrical
structure of that crystal
Calcite crystals, which are found
in the pineal gland, develop a
more symmetrical geometry in the
Earth's magnetic field and
asymmetrical geometry in 'urban
noise'
34. More on Calcite Crystals
They are electromagnetically sensitive (react to and
influenced by electromagnetic fields)
Optics studies on calcite show that it is able to refract
electromagnetic radiation from a very wide range of
wavelengths (well beyond visual light), and is an optic
polarizer (divides a beam of light into 2 beams with
opposite polarization)(http://www.sciner.com/Opticsland/Calcite.htm)
The pineal gland has photosensitive 'retinal' cells
Are calcite crystals involved in sensation for these
cells and how does their geometry effect their optical
properties?
35. Magnetite
Magnetite was recently found in human brains
(http://www.affs.org/html/biomagnetism.html)
These chains of magnetic crystals are thought to be
involved in the sensation of magnetic fields and
geomagnetic sensing/navigation in other animals
Also possibly involved in some other brain mechanics
36. Single pyramidal magnetite crystals
are found arranged in layers in the
cortex, in the extra-cellular fluid.
Seem to function as liquid crystal
oscillators, activated by the tiny
magnetic fields produced by dendritic
currents
Upon activation the crystals produce
a “circular polarized light pulse that
travels throughout the body, or
travels as a transverse photonic
bundle of energy”. (H. Coetzee, Ph.D. Biomagnetism
and Bio-Electromagnetism: The Foundation of Life. Future History,
Volume 8)
Einstein's idea of the energy body?
- really an old idea (REALLY old)
Magnetite
37. Magnetite crystals can be
found attached to ion
channels
The crystals align
themselves to the
magnetic fields they are in
This can cause them to
pull closer together,
farther apart, or in one
direction or another
This can stretch/compress
the membrane and
physically open/close ion
channels
Magnetite
38. Examples of Magnetic Fields in Medicine
Treatment of MS: extracranial application of picoTesla
MF's produced dramatic and sustained improvement,
administration of melatonin caused rapid return to
disability, which was reversed by treatment with the MF.
Hypothesized that pineal gland is involved (since it is a
known magnetoreceptor) (Successful treatment of multiple sclerosis with magnetic
fields. Sandyk R. Int J Neurosci. 1992 Oct;66(3-4):237-50. Review.)
Weak Magnetic Fields and Extremely Low-Frequency
Magnetic Fields have been shown to improve the speed
of healing of superficial skin wounds, tissue/organ
wounds, and bone fractures in rats/rabbits (Just search
'magnetic fields and healing' on google scholar for a lot of
information)
39. Some Interesting Observations Coming from the
Eastern Cultures
Reiki/Chi-gong/Prana – translates to 'healing energy',
or just 'energy' is the thousands of years old practice
of using the body's internal energy for healing
A main practice in Chinese, Indian, and almost
all Asian forms of medicine – requires usually at
least decade of training to develop stronger
energy and learn how to control it. These same
energies are used in Martial arts (particularly
Chinese and Indian) to kill instead of heal
Practitioners of these arts are able to manipulate the
strength and frequency of the magnetic fields around
localized areas of their own bodies (ie. The hands)
40. It was found that when using these healing
techniques, the magnetic fields surrounding the
hands of the healer were similar in frequency to the
external magnetic fields used in medical experiments
on rats and other mammals (averagine 7-8Hz)
The human practitioner was much more
effective than the machine-induced MF used in
experiments, possibly because the frequency of
the MF around the hands oscillated between 0.3
and 30Hz
Chapman and Milton, “REIKI AS AN INTERVENTION IN DRUG AND ALCOHOL
WITHDRAWAL AND REHABILITATION - Almost a decade of experience”, 2002
The MF's produced by these humans and experts in
yoga, meditation, and Qigong increased 1000 times
in strength compared to normal biomagnetic fields in
humans
Some Interesting Observations Coming from
the Eastern Cultures
41. It is the Diagnostics & Therapeutics using all Spectrum of
Electromagnetic Waves, from Hertz to Terahertz, without using
chemistry.
In following part we will show some Devices.
Each molecular reaction can be
mimicried from electromagnetic
wave!
What is Electromagnetic Medicine?
46. Different spectra
Cut grass
Rotten eggs
Different smell:Same shape
Coumarin
Benzo [4,5] thieno
[3,2-b] pyran-2-one
Same spectraDifferent shape Same smell
Luca Turin: We Smell Vibrations
47. 1. Medical drugs cause informational effect
on organism, starting the reactions.
2. Our organism has mechanisms of
reading of a spectrum of the substances
Can we use “informational image” of
the substance to start the reaction?
What is Electromagnetic Drug?
48. The Principle Scheme of a devices for Electronic
Transmission of IC of BAS
Amplifier
Electromagnetic
coils
Solution of BAS Water with IC of BAS
Generator
Electromagnetic coil
creates a field
1 2
Biologically
Active
Substance
Biologically
Neutral
Substance
49. Glass
or
Plastic
Aluminum
Wax
Paraffin
WATER
Alcohol
solutions
…
Most popular Secondary carriers
Different authors mentioned such items as plastic,
glass, tin, sugar middlings, distilled or boiled water,
physiological and colloidal solutions, nutrient
medium, 30-40% ethyl alcohol, 20% aqueous
solution of glycerol, magnetic and photo films,
dextro- and sinistrorotary sugar isomers,
polysaccharides, wax, paraffin, metals and others as
possible secondary carriers of ICs.
1. Falk, W., Aschoff, D.: Application for a patent of Germany № 1521779,
А61Н/00,1985
2. Ludwig, W.: Application for a patent of Germany № 2525621, А61B5/ 05,1975.
3. Ludwig, W.: Application for a patent of Germany № 2810344, А61Н/ 02,1978.
4. Kropp W. British Patent №2066047 A611. 2/02; A23L 1981
5. Theurer K. Application for a patent of Germany №2842691,A61K 41/00
6. Prinz J. Application for a patent of Germany №2442487, A61B5/00, 1987
7. Rae Instruments. Descriptions and Instructions for Use. Magneto-Geometric
Applications. 1978. p.5.
8. Ludwig, W.: Biophysicalische Diagnose und Therapie im ultrafeinen
Energiebereich. 3 Mitteilung., Erfahrungsheilkunde. 1983
9. ...
50. • Foletti A., et al. (2011) Differentiation of human LAN-5 neuroblastoma cells induced by extremely low
frequency electronically transmitted retinoic acid. JACM 17(8), 701-704.
• Foletti A. et al, Electromagnetic Information Delivery as a New Perspsctive in Medicine, PIERS
Proceedings, Stockholm, Sweden, Aug. 12-15, 2013
51. Montagnier L., et al. (2009) Electromagnetic signals are produced by aqueous nanostructures derived
from bacterial DNA sequences., Interdiscip. Sci. Comput. Life Sci., 1: 245-253.
Montagnier, L., Aissa, J., Del Giudice, E., Lavallée, C., Tedeschi, A. & Vitiello, G. 2011. DNA waves and
water. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 306: 012007.
52. • J.A. Heredia-Rojas, R. Gomez-Flores, A. O. Rodriguez-de la Fuente, E. Monreal-Cuevas, A. C. Torres-Flores, L. E.
Rodriguez-Flores, M. Beltcheva, A. C. Torres-Pantoja. Antimicrobial effect of amphotericin B electronicallyactivated
water against Candida albicans. African journal of Microbiology Research 6(15). 2012, pp. 3685-3689
http://forumdellaleopolda.it/
53. Laser Aspirin
1. Turn on the laser
The laser beam excites substance
0. The substance is in the ground state
Aspirin
Carrier field
2. Super-weak field of the substance
modulates the carrier wave
Super weak modulation
Effect on aluminum foil
Laser
Diagram of modulation:
54. What do we have
The technology establishes a connection between the cell of the
technical center and the personal computer
Non digital transfer of IC
Non-digital variant of IC Medicals Tech. today
Technical center
Transmitter
Secondary carrier
e.g., compact-disc
The receiving device
Internet
Secondary carrier
with IC of medical drug
Cell of the center
Diagram of modulation:
Carrier signal
Supper-weak modulation
56. Detecting Informational Copies by means of high-precision
differential pH-meter (resolution 10-6-10-7 pH)
Serge Kernbach et at.
Cybertronica Research
(Germany),
Laboratory of Advanced
Sensors
57. First type of control experiments
Measurements without compact-discs:
60. 2x equal non-activated CD disks: measurement on Sep. 27,
2014
Small changes of dynamics with two equal
Control
100
100mkV ≈ 0.0018pH
Absolute valuesDifferential values
61. 2x equal non-activated disks: measurement on Jule. 1,
2014
(from Kernbach&Kernbach. On precise pH and dpH
measurements, International Journal of Unconventional
Science 5(2), 83-103, 2014)
Small changes of dynamics with two equal
Control
50
100mkV ≈ 0.0018pH
62. Test experiments
one of two CD disks is activated
Test experiments
one of two CD disks is activated
63. Channel 1 Channel 2
“blank” With IC of Aspirin
Absolute valuesDifferential values
-300
100mkV ≈ 0.0018pH
64. Channel 1 Channel 2
“blank”With IC of Aspirin
Absolute valuesDifferential values
350
100mkV ≈ 0.0018pH
65. one of two CD disks is locally activated (LED+Pinicillin, 45 min,
immediately before): measurement on Oct. 3, 2014
significant change of dynamics after activated disk is under sensor
3500
66. one of two CD disks is locally activated (LED+Pinicillin, 45 min,
immediately before): measurement on Oct. 3, 2014
(second setup measured in parallel)
significant change of dynamics after activated disk is under sensor
-3500
67. Summary
• well observable impact on potentiometric system without measurable
changes of E/H fields, temperature, power supply, mechanical impacts
• transmission mechanism “activated CD disk –> pH electrodes” is unknown
• there are different ways of “activating” CDs, their impact is different
• low current statistics (in total about 40 measurements with CD disks), it is
planned to accumulate significant statistics and to publish it in IJUS 2014/2015
100mkV ≈ 0.0018pH
68. Preclinical trial of immunomodulatory properties of normal
saline exposed of CD with Informational Copies of Arbidol,
L-Thyroxine and Galavite
Boris Surinov et at.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Weight, mg Cellularity, 1х 10^6 APC, 1х10^3
Arbidol
Blank CD Informed CD Substance Inf+Sub
of spleen
69.
70.
71.
72. IC of Glucophage
Impact on the pancreas
After a month of use, the insulin dose was reduced by 1/3
Aim: do not use insulin
1
1/2
2/3
0
Через месяц Через 2 месяцаДо использования IC Medicals
One month later the dose was decreased by 1/2
73. Conclusions
1. Electromagnetic field can be a carrier of information
2. We may use “informational image” of the substance instead of
substance to start changes of material (physical, biological
objects)
3. There are promising perspectives of using Informational
Technologies in different kind of everyday life.
74. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine,
1950 "for their discoveries relating to the
hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure
and biological effects"
78. FUNCTION STRUCTURE CHEMISTRY
ELECTRIC & MAGNETIC
ENERGY FIELDS
Energy Can Drive and
Replace Chemistry
Note: these include all measureable
energy sources, also called ‘veritable’
by NIH
79. A Metaphor:
G = PV + E - TS
Thermodynamics
Internal energy
TemperatureVolumePressure
Entropy
Gibbs free energy
ΔG > 0 Work
80. A Metaphor:
G = PV + E - TS
Thermodynamics
Internal energy
TemperatureVolumePressure
Entropy
Gibbs free energy
ΔPV, PΔV, ΔE, ΔTS, TΔS can all
do work
81. The 2nd Law at work in medicine –
Chemical potentials are source of ΔG
82. Let’s look at Entropy (S)…
It holds Information as key
variables to do work (ΔG >0)
G = PV + E - TS
83. Erwin Schrödinger
“Life maintains itself on
Low Entropy”
“In addition to the
Energy content of food
its entropy content
should also be
displayed.”
-In, What is Life?
84. As far as energy is concerned you can survive on
French fries for a long time. But practically you
are missing crucial information required to keep
your body in a highly ordered state (low entropy)
V. Vedral, 2012
85. By eating the same energy equivalent of
cauliflower, he would still have a similarly
unbalanced nutritional profile, with an increase in
entropy.
V. Vedral, 2012
89. Claude E. Shannon: Father of
Information Theory
A mathematical theory
of communication
(1948): paved the way
for digital storage.
The same bit in ALL
information, 0 &1
90. Brillouin, Léon (1889-1969)
In his 1956 book Science
and Information theory,
Leon Brillouin coined the
term "negentropy" for the
negative entropy (a
characteristic of free or
available energy). He then
connected it to information
in what he called the
"negentropy principle of
information."
91. Information is intimately related to
entropy of the TS term in the 2nd Law
S I G TS TI
92. It takes work (energy) and also
INFORMATION to maintain order
94. A Metaphor:
G = PV + E - TS
But…can Thermodynamics really help us
understand human (living) systems?
Internal energy
TemperatureVolumePressure
Entropy
Gibbs free energy
95. Life does not violate the second
law of thermodynamics
Gavin Crooks
Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory
Christopher Jarzynski
Univ. of Maryland
96. A New Physics Theory of Life
Assistant Professor of Physics, MIT
Jeremy England
A New Physics Theory of Life
One essential difference
between living things and
inanimate clumps of carbon atoms:
Living things tend to be much better
at capturing energy from their
environment and dissipating that
energy as heat.
At the heart of England’s idea is the
second law of thermodynamics.
97. Information is intimately related to
entropy of the TS term in the 2nd Law
Key Point:
Electromagnetic energy contribute to the total
thermodynamic free energy of the master equation as
ΔGexcess
S I G TS TI
98. Information and Relationship to Entropy: The
2nd Law of Thermodynamics
Here, in the master equation that drives all
natural processes, development of
information in various layers of human
infrastructure can be a positive
thermodynamic driving force (ΔG>0)
0
j
j
G PV E T S I
99. Function ↔ Structure ↔ Chemistry ↔ Electric & Magnetic
Energy Fields
Information
Electromagnetism has power to change
materials and living systems
ENERGY IS INFORMATION
!
102. The Questions without
answers
Are really known all theoretical
fundamentals about electromagnetic
medicine?
Are really therapies with
electromagnetic waves effective?
Are really therapies with
electromagnetic waves without adverse
effects?
Which devices are really «killer»
104. Who we are
A international Consortium about
Electromagnetic Medicine
A Nobel Candidate for Medicine
as Medical Chief Scientist, Prof.
Giulio Tarro
A Chief Researcher of Russian
Academy of Science as
Biophysics Chief Scientist, Prof.
Andrew Gapeyev
Several Russian Company as
Partner, one for each type of EMG
Technology
105. What we do
We are working to identify all missing links about Adey «biological
windows»
We are working to compose a matrix «electromagnetic wave type / type
pathology»
We are testing all electromagnetic devices in the world
We are working about a new electromagnetic device to cure autoimmune
diseases
107. What we offer
The theoretical comprehension
of all mechanisms behind this
phrase:
«Each molecular reaction can be
mimicried from electromagnetic
waves»
Design & Realization of new
devices
The matrix «type
electromagnetic wave / type
pathology»
The matrix «type
electromagnetic wave / type
pathology»
Validations & Trials on
electromagnetic devices
Results data about our R&D
108. What we look for
Partners in R & D
with Labs
Investors and
Ventures