An informatics perspective on health literacyLibrary_Connect
Professor Prudence Dalrymple, a leading health information professional, presented "An Informatics Perspective on Health Literacy: Challenges and Obstacles" at the Elsevier Luncheon for Medical Librarians concurrent with the 2017 Medical Library Association Annual Meeting and Exhibition in Seattle.
Low Health Literacy in the Older Adult: Identification & Intervention power p...Jeanne Baus
Low Health Literacy in Older Adults is a common challenge for home health care nurses. This powerpoint addresses how to identify low health literacy levels and how to effectively meet the patient needs to improve health education goals and outcomes.
An informatics perspective on health literacyLibrary_Connect
Professor Prudence Dalrymple, a leading health information professional, presented "An Informatics Perspective on Health Literacy: Challenges and Obstacles" at the Elsevier Luncheon for Medical Librarians concurrent with the 2017 Medical Library Association Annual Meeting and Exhibition in Seattle.
Low Health Literacy in the Older Adult: Identification & Intervention power p...Jeanne Baus
Low Health Literacy in Older Adults is a common challenge for home health care nurses. This powerpoint addresses how to identify low health literacy levels and how to effectively meet the patient needs to improve health education goals and outcomes.
Health literacy is the most important factor in getting the proper health information and health services. Health literacy significantly affects healthcare accessibility, availability, affordability and eventually cost. Health literacy makes it possible for the people to actively participate in the healthcare decision making process.
Don Nutbeam | The evolving concept of health literacySax Institute
Professor Don Nutbeam, Vice Chancellor of the University of Southampton in the UK, spoke to the HARC network in April 2010 to help us consider how to improve healthcare delivery for people with low health literacy.
HARC stands for the Hospital Alliance for Research Collaboration. HARC is a collaborative network of researchers, health managers, clinicians and policy makers based in NSW, Australia managed by the Sax Institute.
HARC Forums bring members of the HARC network together to discuss the latest research and analysis about important issues facing our hospitals.
For more information visit saxinstitute.org.au.
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Monash University
Presentation given at "Health Literacy Network: Crossing Disciplines, Bridging Gaps", November 26, 2013. The University of Sydney.
Cooperative Extension's National Focus on Health literacySUAREC
Please presentation, that was presented as a webinar focuses on the National Land-grant's role on Health Literacy. The presenters of this webinar were Dr. Sonja Koukel, New Mexico State University Extension and Dr. Fatemeh Malekian, Southern University Agricultural Research and Extension Center.
School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University
Presentation given at "Health Literacy Network: Crossing Disciplines, Bridging Gaps", November 26, 2013. The University of Sydney.
Health literacy is the most important factor in getting the proper health information and health services. Health literacy significantly affects healthcare accessibility, availability, affordability and eventually cost. Health literacy makes it possible for the people to actively participate in the healthcare decision making process.
Don Nutbeam | The evolving concept of health literacySax Institute
Professor Don Nutbeam, Vice Chancellor of the University of Southampton in the UK, spoke to the HARC network in April 2010 to help us consider how to improve healthcare delivery for people with low health literacy.
HARC stands for the Hospital Alliance for Research Collaboration. HARC is a collaborative network of researchers, health managers, clinicians and policy makers based in NSW, Australia managed by the Sax Institute.
HARC Forums bring members of the HARC network together to discuss the latest research and analysis about important issues facing our hospitals.
For more information visit saxinstitute.org.au.
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Monash University
Presentation given at "Health Literacy Network: Crossing Disciplines, Bridging Gaps", November 26, 2013. The University of Sydney.
Cooperative Extension's National Focus on Health literacySUAREC
Please presentation, that was presented as a webinar focuses on the National Land-grant's role on Health Literacy. The presenters of this webinar were Dr. Sonja Koukel, New Mexico State University Extension and Dr. Fatemeh Malekian, Southern University Agricultural Research and Extension Center.
School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University
Presentation given at "Health Literacy Network: Crossing Disciplines, Bridging Gaps", November 26, 2013. The University of Sydney.
This presentation discusses:
-Research on the readability of health insurance forms
-Reading level assessment tools
-Best practices for lowering the reading level of materials
Easy-to-Read Health Materials (NLM Boost Box)Miraida Morales
Slides were given as part of a presentation hosted by the National Library of Medicine's Boost Box program. The description of the session:
Miraida Morales will discuss the challenges of using easy-to-read health materials, such as their high reading level, lack of control or standardization of readability, and problems with readability formulas. In this session she will offer practical solutions for what librarians and other professionals can do to minimize these issues for our communities. Miraida will also share her research findings on how adult beginning and developing readers evaluate health information materials.
Health literacy and health information in England: how big is the problem?HLGUK
Presentation to the Health Literacy Group UK Seminar
‘Improving health information to promote health literacy’
Gill Rowlands, Professor, University of Newcastle and
Aarhus University, March 2015
Claire Foley & Tracy Torchetti - Editing Health Information for a Limited Eng...Plain Talk 2015
Presented by Claire Foley, MA, & Tracy Torchetti, MA, on March 12, 2015 at the fifth Center for Health Literacy Conference: Plain Talk in Complex Times.
Shane Desautels is the director of NewWays learning. He has worked in the field of social services for over 30 years. As a literacy consultant to the South Side Health and Vitality Studies, he has provided expertise in the areas of technology literacy, adult and youth learning, empowerment strategies, and communication with traditionally marginalized groups.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
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Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
2. National Surveys of Adult
Literacy
• NALS: National Adult
Literacy Survey done in
1992 and 2003
• IALS: International Adult
Literacy Survey 1992
NALS
3. International Adult Literacy
Survey
• American adults score at an average level of
literacy performance when compared with adults
in other industrialized countries
Higher About the
same
Lower
Finland Canada United Kingdom
Norway Germany Ireland
Sweden Australia Switzerland
Netherlands Italy
4. 2003 Results
Level % Millions Grade Level
Below Basic 14 30 6th
grade or
lower
Basic 29 63 8th
grade
Intermediate 44 95 High School
Proficient 13 28 College but not
graduate level
• No real change in numbers or levels between 1992 and 2003
• 1992 study had 5 levels, 2003 study had only 4 levels
5. Literacy and Health
• Report poorer overall health
• Are less likely to make use of screenings
• Present in later stages of disease
• Are more likely to be hospitalized
• Have poorer understanding of treatment
• Have lower adherence to medical regimens
6. Education and Health
• Mothers with more education are more likely to
have received early prenatal care.
• Mothers with fewer then 12 years education are
10 X more likely to smoke during pregnancy.
• Death rates for chronic disease, communicable
disease, and injuries are inversely related to
education.
7. Health Literacy: Definition
The ability of individuals to obtain, interpret
and understand basic health information
and services;
AND
Use such information and
services in ways that
enhance health.
8. So….
A health literate person is able to
use health concepts and
material including applying
information to novel
situations.
A health literate person is able to
participate in the ongoing
public and private dialogues
about health, medicine,
scientific knowledge and
cultural beliefs.
9. Mental Health Literacy is:
• an individual’s knowledge and beliefs about
mental illness,
• poor mental health literacy often represents a
powerful barrier to treatment
– most members of the public cannot accurately label
common mental disorders
– inadequate knowledge is associated with delays in
treatment seeking, decreased levels of treatment
seeking, and utilization of non-optimal treatments
– associated with the belief that one should be able to
solve emotional problems alone or that such
problems will disappear without treatment
Addressing Patient Needs: The Role of Mental Health Literacy MEREDITH E. COLES, Ph.D., SHANNON COLEMAN, M.A.
Binghamton, N.Y., and RICHARD G. HEIMBERG, Ph.D.
10. Cost of Low Health Literacy
$73 Billion Annually
Source Friedland, Georgetown University, 2003.
11. The Impact
• Filling out forms at hospital or doctor’s office
• Completing insurance paperwork
• Reading & acting on prescription labels
• Reading & understanding directions given by doctor
• Accessing information
• Recognizing cues to action
• Accessing care & navigating institutions
• Following health care regimes
• Understanding health promotion/disease prevention
materials
12. How patients hide illiteracy
• “I forgot my glasses.”
• “I don’t need to read this now; I’ll read it when I
get home.”
• “I’d like to discuss this with my family.”
• “I have a headache now and can’t focus.”
• “I’ll just take this with me and read it later.”
14. So what is being done?
• Writing material at a 6th
or lower grade level. Federal
government requires information for the Medicaid
population be at a 5th
grade.
• Evaluating health material for literacy and cultural
competency.
• Training staff about health literacy.
• Evaluate the materials that we are using and giving
to:
– Parents
– Students
15. Effective Health Material
• Use plain language and vocabulary
• Acknowledge and honor the beliefs, values, and
practices of the intended audience
• Respect the emotional and personal needs of
the reader
• Is positive and accurate
18. Two Readability Tests
A B C D E
Readability choice of number of words per syllables per grade level
Formula text to measure words sentence 100 words calculation
Three 100 word Count each Divide the # Count # of .4(C) + 12 (d)
samples selected word. Number of sentences syllables per -- 16 =
Flesch - from beginning, and symbols by the # of text selection grade level*
Kincaid middle, and end are considered words
of text words
Three 100 word Divide the Sum of the Plot the answer
samples selected total # of syllables in to C and D on
Fry from beginning, sentences by all 3 passages; the Fry
middle, and end 3 then divide by Readability
of text 3 Graph**
* alternative formula is Grade Level = .39(C) + 11.8 (D) -15.59
** +0.865 added as an adjustment to the grade level factor
Componets
19. Fry Readability Formula -
extended*
A. Choose three 100 word passages
B. Count the total number of sentences in the passages ______
C. Find the average number of sentences per passage (B/3) _____
D. Count the total number of syllables in passages ______
E. Find the average number of syllables per passage ______
F. Plot the average on the graph
* Reproduction Permitted - No Copyright. Zalaku, B. &
Sammuels, S. (1988) Readability, its past, present &
future. Newark, DL: International Reading Association
20. Readability on your computer
• Microsoft Word has the
ability to do a quick check
of readability each time
you do a document
• Here is how it is done:
– Open a word document
– Tools
– Options
– Spelling & Grammar
√ Show Readability
Statistics
22. Use Illustrations/
Graphs Appropriately*
• Use illustrations to help explain your text
• Use simple line drawings
• Illustrate the correct way to do things, not the wrong way
• Avoid non-human cartoon figures
• Show as much of the human body as you can
• Avoid abstract graphs or charts
*Szudy, E. & Arroyo, M. (1994) The right to understand: Linking literacy to health and safety training.
Berkeley, CA: University of California, Berkeley.
23. Use Simple Line Drawings
Colbert, C. (1996) Readability Study of Bloodborne Pathogens Material. University Park,
PA: Penn State University
24. Show as much of the body as
you can
*Szudy, E. & Arroyo, M. (1994) The right to understand: Linking literacy to health and safety training.
Berkeley, CA: University of California, Berkeley.
25. Use of fonts and spacing
Literacy is an important and well-known correlate of
health status and health-promoting behaviors
in nonindust r ial ized nat ions. Despit e t his,
research on the relationship between
l it er a cy a n d h ea l t h in in d u st r ia l ized
c o u n t r ies h as been l i m i t ed by
difficulties in disentangling complex factors that covary with literacy.
These factors include education level,
socialeconomic and other demographic factors,
self-efficacy, and cultural background.
Several recent studies, however, indicate that
even after adjusting for these convariables,
literacy is related to multiple aspects of
health status, and use of health services. For
example, a study in general medical clinics at 2
public hospitals evaluated 402 patients with
hypertension and 114 with diabetes mellitus
and found patients’ functional health literacy
strongly correlated with knowledge of their
illness.'
Note: Sometimes we use different fonts to make things “exciting” for
the reader and to give a different look – the problem is that they may
be difficult to people with visual or disabilities to read.
Ad Hoc Committee on Health Literacy for the Council on Scientific Affairs, American Medical Association (1999). “Health
Literacy Report of the Council on Scientific Affairs. JAMA (281) 6.
NOTE: Sometimes we use different fonts to make things
“exciting” for the reader and to give a different look—the problem
is that they may be difficult to people with visual or disabilities to
read.
Ad Hoc Committee on Health Literacy for the Council on Scientific Affairs, American Medical Association (1999). “Health Literacy
Report of the Council on Scientific Affairs. JAMA (281)6.
26. Literacy in the United States has been defined as “an individual’s ability to
read, write, and speak in English, and compute and solve problems at levels
of proficiency necessary to function on the job and in society, to achieve
one’s goals, and develop one’s knowledge and potential.” The 1992 National
Adult Literacy Survey, the most accurate portrait of English-language
literacy in the United States, found that 40 to 44 million Americans, or
approximately one quarter of the US population, are functionally illiterate,
and another 50 million have marginal literacy skills. This means that almost
half of our adult population has deficiencies in reading or computational
skills.....'
NOTE: It is difficult for some to read information
that is over a watermark or picture – they wonder
which is more important.
Use of watermarks or
pictures behind words