Health education

HEALTH EDUCATION
 DR. RITU RANDAD
 III YEAR MDS
 07/07/2021
1

 Target group: III year BDS
 Time duration: 40 mins
 Mode of Presentation : Audio-visual Aid (Power Point Presentation)
 Short Learning Objective: 1.What is Health Education
2. Objectives and Approaches of Health
Education
3. Principles of Health Education
2

Content list
 Introduction
 Objectives of Heath Education
 Approaches to achieve Health
 Principles of Health Education
 Conclusion
 References
3

INTRODUCTION
 Health “is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and
not merely the absence of disease or infirmity and the ability to lead a
socially and economically productive life”, 1978 , WHO.
 Education is derived from Latin work
which means to bring out and to lead.
4
EDUCATIO
EDUCARE
EDUCERE
S. Peter, Essentials of Public Health Dentistry, 6th edition, 2017, New Delhi

 Health education is the process of imparting information about health in
such a way that the recipient is motivated to use that information for the
protection or advancement of
5
His/her
own
His/ her
family’s
His/ her Community’s
health

 “Health Education comprises consciously constructed opportunities for
learning involving some form of communication designed to improve
health literacy, including improving knowledge, and developing life
skills which are conducive to individual and community health”.
 “Health literacy represents the cognitive and social skills which
determine the motivation and ability of individuals to gain access to,
understand and use the information in ways which promote and maintain
good health”.
- WHO Health Promotion Glossary, 1998
6

OBJECTIVES OF HEALTH EDUCATION
7
• Cognitive(conscious intellectual
activity) objective
INFORMING
PEOPLE
• Affective( awareness and growth
in feelings, attitude) objective
MOTIVATING
PEOPLE
• Behavioral( direction into leaner’s
experience) objective
GUIDING
INTO

1. Informing people (cognitive objective)- people are informed
about the different diseases, their etiology and how to prevent
them.
Information increases knowledge and helps people become
a. Aware of their health problems.
b. Preventing diseases and
c. Promoting health.
8

2. Motivating people (affective objective) – it concerns with clarifying,
forming and changing attitudes, beliefs and opinions. The mere presence
of information does not improve health.
After the correct information is provided, it is necessary to motivate to
alter lifestyles so that it becomes favourable to promote health and prevent
disease.
Motivation is “combination of forces which initiate, direct and sustain
behaviours.
10

3. Guiding into action (Behavioural objective)- developing of skills
and action.
A person who has obtained all the health information might be
motivated to change the lifestyle but might need professional help and
guidance to bring about the changes.
12

 ULTIMATE GOAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION PROGRAM IS
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Improving
basic QUALITY
OF LIFE
Informi
n-g
people
Motivati
n-g
people
Guiding
people
into
action

APPROACHES TO ACHIEVE HEALTH
Regulatory or
legal
approach
Administratio
or service
approach
Primary
care
Educational
approach
15

Educational approach- most effective means of achievement of changes in
the health practices and life styles of the community.
a. The results obtained may be slow, but are permanent and enduring.
b. Sufficient time should be allowed for the individual to bring about the
desired changes in his/her behaviour.
c. Involves not only learning new “facts” but “unlearning” wrong
information as well.
16
Motivation
Communication
Decision making
K. Park, Park’s textbook of Preventive and Social
Medicine, 25th edition, Jabalpur,2017

PRINCIPLES OF HEALTH EDUCATION
1. Credibility 2. Interest 3. Participation 4. Motivation
5.
Comprehension
6.
Reinforcement
7. Learning by
doing
8. Known o
unknown
9. Setting an
example
10. Good
human relations
11. Feedback
12. Community
leaders
17

1. Credibility:- It is the degree to which the message is perceived as
trustworthy by the receiver.
It should be scientifically proven, based on facts and should
be compatible with local cultures and social norms/goals.
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2. Interest:- The topic should be on interest to people, only then they
will listen to it.
The health educator should identify the “felt needs” of the
people and the prepare the program that they can actively participate to
make it a success.
Felt needs is requirement of or care as determined by patient or the
public.
19

3. Participation:- encouragement of the people to participate in the
program. Once people are given a chance to be part of the program it
leads to their acceptance.
20

4. Motivation:- “the fundamental desire for learning in an individual”.
Primary motive- inborn desires which drives a person or individual
into action, like food, clothing and housing etc.
Secondary motive- desires that are the result of outside forces like
gifts, word of praise etc.
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Health education can be facilitated
by the motivation provided by the
desire to achieve individual goals.

5. Comprehension:- level of understanding of the people who receive
the information on health education. The educator must first determine
the level of literacy and understanding of the audience and act
accordingly.
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What not to do :
a. Use of technical/
medical terms
b. Words that are
strange and new
to the people

6. Re-inforcement (booster dose):- repetition needed in health
education provided.
It is impossible for people to learn new things in a short period of time.
Repetition should be done at regular intervals and this helps people to
understand new ideas and practices better.
23

7. Learning by doing:- just by listening or seeing new things, it is
difficult to implement them. If the learning process is accompanied by
doing them, it is better instilled in the minds of the people.
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8. Known to unknown:- before starting any program, the health
educator should know how much people already know and then give
them the new knowledge.
The existing knowledge can be a stepping stone on which new
thoughts can be provided.
25

9. Setting an example:- the educator should follow the path of what
he preaches.
Example should be set so that people can follow and move a step
ahead.
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10. Good human relations:- educator should have personal qualities
and should be able to maintain the friendly relations with people.
he/she posses kind and sympathetic attitude towards the people and
should be helpful in clarifying their doubts and repeating till they
understand.
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11. Feedback:- for any program to be successful, feedback is
necessary to collect to find if any modifications or changes are need to
make the program more effective.
28

12. Community leaders:- most influential people to reach with in the
community. They can used to convince people to educate, motivate
and guide them.
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Whom to communicate
or contact:
a. Head of the village
b. School teacher/
principal
c. Elderly people

CONCLUSION
Health education is vital to the practice of prevention. It is a channel
for reaching people and alerting them to health services and resources.
The ultimate goal is to make realistic improvement in the basic quality
of life.
Education is the most powerful weapon which you can help to change
the world.
- NELSON MANDELA
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REFERENCES
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 S. Peter, Essentials of Public Health Dentistry, 6th edition, 2017,
New Delhi
 K. Park, Park’s textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 25th
edition, Jabalpur,2017

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