Hawa Mahal, built in 1799 by Maharaja Sawai Pratap Singh and designed by Lal Chand Ustad, features a unique five-story honeycomb facade with 953 small windows for royal women to observe street activities while maintaining purdah. This architectural masterpiece reflects a fusion of Hindu Rajput and Islamic Mughal styles and served as a summer retreat for the royal family. Restoration efforts were initiated in 2005 due to neglect, and the palace is now maintained by the archaeological department, with a small museum showcasing artifacts related to Rajput culture.

2. HAWA MAHAL , JAIPUR

3.  It was built in 1799 by Maharaja Sawai Pratap Singh, and designed by Lal
Chand Ustad in the form of the crown of Krishna, the Hindu god.
 Its unique five-storey exterior is also akin to the honeycomb of the beehive with
its 953 small windows called jharokhas that are decorated with intricate
latticework.

4. Though no historical record is available to its
exact history, it is conjectured that Royal family
ladies, who were under strict observance of purdah
(the practice of preventing women from being seen
by men) , had to be given opportunity to witness
proceedings
in the market centre and watch the royal
processions and festivities sitting behind
the stone carved screens.
 Hawa Mahal did just that in style,
amidst its luxurious comforts and
behind strict screened exclusivity,
unseen by outsiders.

5. Royal family of Jaipur, during their
reign, also used the palace as a hot
weather retreat, during the suffocating
summer season of Jaipur, for several
years, since the unusually designed
window screens provided the much
needed cool breeze and ventilation.
The palace is a five-story pyramidal
shaped monument that rises to a
height of 50 feet (15 m) from its high
base.
The top three floors of the structure
have a dimension of one room width
while the first and second floors have
patios in front of them, on the rear
side of the structure.

6. The front elevation, as seen from
the street, is like a honeycomb web
of a beehive built with small
portholes. Each porthole has
miniature windows and has carved
sandstone grills, finials and domes.
 It is a veritable mass of semi-
octagonal bays, which gives the
monument its unique facade. The
inner face on the back side of the
building consists of need-based
chambers built with pillars and
corridors with least ornamentation,
and reach up to the top floor.

7. The interior of the Mahal has been described as “having rooms of different coloured
marbles, relieved by inlaid panels or gilding; while fountains adorn the centre of the
courtyard Walls
Lal Chand Ustad was the architect of this unique structure who also planned Jaipur city,
considered then as one of the best-planned cities in India.
 Built in red and pink coloured sand stone, in keeping with the décor of the other
monuments in the city, its colour is a full testimony to the epithet of “Pink City” given to
Jaipur.

8.  Its facade depicts 953 niches with intricately carved Jharokhas (some are
made of wood) is a stark contrast to the plain looking rear side of the
structure.
 Its cultural and architectural heritage is a true reflection of a fusion of
Hindu Rajput architecture and the Islamic Mughal architecture; the Rajput
style is seen in the form of domed canopies, fluted pillars, lotus and floral
patterns.

9. Hawa Mahal was also known as
the chef-d‘oeuvre of Maharaja Jai
Singh as it was his favourite resort
because of the elegance and built-
in interior of the Mahal.
The cooling effect in the
chambers, provided by the breeze
passing through the small
windows of the facade, was
enhanced by the fountains
provided at the centre of each of
the chamber.

10. Panoramic view from the roof of the Mahal is stunning. The bazaar (the
Seredeori Bazaar or market) on the east resembles avenues of Paris.
 Green valleys and mountains and the Amer Fort form the scenario to
the west and north.
 The Thar desert’s “interminable line of undulating vapour”lies to the
east and south.
All this transformation of the landscape, from a stark and desolate
land of the past, occurred because of the concerted efforts of the Maharajas
of Jaipur.

11. In 2005, restoration and renovation works on the Mahal were undertaken, after
a long gap of 50 years, to give a face lift to the monument at an estimated cost of
Rs 45lakhs .
The corporate sector is also lending a hand to preserve the historical
monuments of Jaipur and the Unit Trust of India has adopted Hawa Mahal to
maintain it.

12. The walls of Hawa Mahal, which were once
witness to the presence of rulers, today bear
lines scribbled by lovebirds and its shaky
roofs testify the neglect that threatens to
make it a thing of the past.
The entire palace turned into a grazing
ground for cattle.
Local people said demands were made
several for conservation of the palace, but no
effort had yet been taken, Until now,
The arts and culture department, in
collaboration with the Indian National Trust
for Art and Cultural Heritage, had recently
taken a decision to take up conservation of
Hawa Mahal.
The palace s now maintained by the Archaeological Department. There is a small
museum located in the premises of Hawa Mahal that houses ancient artifacts
related to the Rajput lifestyle.