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Hallucinogens and marijuana
- 1. HALLUCINOGENS AND MARIJUANA MARIAN PARAYIL- 39 SADAF BAIG-36
- 2. WHAT ARE HALLUCINOGENS? • Hallucinogens are drugs that are thought to induce hallucinations. However these preparations usually do not in fact “create” sensory images but distort them so that an individual sees or hears things in different and unusual ways. • These drugs are often referred to as psychedelics. • The major drugs in this category are LSD(lysergic acid diethylamide) or “acid”, mescaline and psilocybin. • LSD alters perceptions by disrupting the action of the neurotransmitter serotonin.
- 3. HISTORY OF LSD • LSD is one of the most potent of hallucinogens and can produce intoxication with an amount smaller than a grain of salt. • It is a chemically synthesized substance first discovered by Albert Hoffman in 1938. • LSD was used in experiments through the 1940’s, 50’s and 60’s. While the researchers failed to find any medical use for the drug, the free samples supplied by the pharmaceutical company were distributed all over the country, leading to wide use of the drug.
- 4. EFFECTS OF USING LSD •Vivid colours •Hallucinations •Anxiety and panic attacks •Increased heart rate •Unexplained feelings of strangeness •Confusions and psychosis •Extreme emotions of sadness, fear or happiness •Flashbacks •Shaking •Weakness in the muscles •Dry mouth •Sleeplessness •Loss of appetite
- 6. LSD ADDICTION TREATMENT •The most common method for treatment for LSD addiction is through an inpatient treatment centre where the first step is LSD detox. •Treatment includes behavioural therapy and individual therapy through various rehabilitation programmes. •Individual therapy is conducted with the help of support groups called Narcotics Anonymous. •Behavioural therapy helps to overcome the feelings of denial and accept personal responsibility.
- 8. MARIJUANA • Marijuana is derived from the leaves and flowering tops of the hemp plant(cannabis sativa) and in its prepared state marijuana consists of dried green leaves hence the colloquial name grass, pot,reefers,joints,stash and weed. • It can be smoked from a pipe or in some cultures they steep the leaves in hot water and the liquid is drunk like tea. • Marijuana is related to a stronger drug called Hashish which s derived from the same plant but made into a gummy powder.
- 10. EFFECT OF MARIJUANA •Mild euphoria with increased feelings of well-being, heightened perceptual acuity accompanied by a sensation of drifting or floating away. •Sensory inputs are intensified •Alters one’s internal clock(a person’s sense of time is stretched or distorted so that an event only lasting for a few seconds may seem to cover a much longer span) •Short term memory is affected. •But it’s pleasurable effects include enhancement in sexual intercourse. •Also marijuana is known to relieve pain or nausea.
- 12. TREATMENT OF MARIJUANA ADDICTION •Many marijuana users report having uncomfortable withdrawal like symptoms such as nervousness, tension, sleep problems, and appetite change. •A number of therapies have been effective in treating cannabis dependency but no specific treatment approach has been found to be effective than others. •As for addictive drugs it is seen among many users that some have serious antisocial or “psychosis prone” personalities. •Treatment of marijuana use is often hampered by the fact that user has underlying personality disorder. •The 2 most effective treatments include Relapse Prevention and Support Group that has resulted in substantial reduction in marijuana use following the 12 months of treatment with marijuana dependent adults.