This document discusses haemoglobin, anaemia, and the process of erythropoiesis. It aims to estimate haemoglobin concentration in blood samples to assess patient condition and gain experience using kits. Haemoglobin synthesis and red blood cell formation are related to oxygen content in blood and can increase 6-8 folds in response to conditions like anoxia. Erythropoiesis is the synthesis of red blood cells that takes place in the bone marrow from primitive nucleated cells through mitosis and maturation. Various factors like hormones, trace metals, enzymes and coenzymes are required to produce red blood cells. Anaemia is defined as a low haemoglobin level and can be caused by excessive blood loss, increased red blood

1. Nov.2008
Haemoglobin ( Hb) & anaemia

2. Objective
 To estimate the Hb concentration in the blood
sample.
 To assess the condition of patient by such an
estimation.
 Further experience in the use of kits.

3. Introduction and principle
 Haemoglobin

4. Introduction and principle
 Haemoglobin

5. Rate of Hb Synthesis & RBCs
Formation related to
 Oxygen content of blood
O2 content Hb Syn
 Ex. Anoxia / Hypoxia
 Blood loss or Hemolysis
 Hb synthesis 6-8 folds
 Anaemia
 Hb synthesis

6. Erythropoieosis
 Synthesis of erythrocyte
 Tack place in bone marrow
 erythrocyte are derived from primitive nucleated
cell in bone marrow by successive process of
mitosis & maturation.

7. Factor required to manufacture RBC
 Varity of hormone
 Trace metals
 Enzymes
 Co enzymes
 Essential a.a e.g glycine
 Iron

8. Hb Catabolism

9. Anemia
 State in which the Hb conc. in blood less than
the normal level.
 Normal level of Hb :
 Man 800g =14-18g/dL
 Woman 600g =12-16g/dL
 Causes of anemia :
 Excessive blood loss due to bleeding
 rate of erythrocyte destruction (hemolytic anemia
)
 rate of erythrocyte production

10. Classification of anemia
Dyshemooietic
anemia
Hemolytic
anemia
Iron
deficiency
anemia Megaloblas
tic anemia
Membrane
defect
Enzyme
Deficiency