Hadrian's Wall
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Hadrian's Wall was built in the 2nd century AD under the Roman Emperor Hadrian to protect Roman Britain from invaders from the north. It extended 73 miles across northern Britain and was constructed by over 7,000 Roman soldiers over 5 years. It featured a stone wall up to 15 feet high with a ditch on either side and 17 forts along it where soldiers were garrisoned. One of the best preserved forts is Housesteads, where 1,000 infantrymen from southern Belgium were stationed. Though its importance declined after Hadrian's death, Hadrian's Wall remains a popular tourist site today that gives visitors a glimpse into Roman Britain.
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Stonehenge is an ancient stone structure located in Wiltshire, England whose origins and purpose remain a mystery. Some theories about Stonehenge include that it was used as an astronomical observatory, religious site, burial ground, or was built by Druids. It attracted people from around the world and various archaeological investigations have been unable to determine its exact origins. The mystery of Stonehenge continues as there is no conclusive evidence about why or how it was constructed.
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Stonehenge es un monumento megalítico construido en forma de círculo ubicado cerca de Amesbury, Inglaterra. Data de finales del Neolítico y su construcción duró unos 4.000 años, aunque se abandonó hacia el 1500 a.C. Originalmente se construyó para enterrar a los muertos y realizar rituales, aunque posteriormente también se usó para rituales romanos. Cada piedra pesaba unas 45 toneladas y fue transportada desde Gales.
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Hadrian´s..
Hadrian's Wall was a defensive fortification built in northern England under the orders of Roman Emperor Hadrian in 122 AD. It stretched over 120 kilometers across northern Britain to defend Roman-controlled farms and trade routes from raids by the Picts who lived north of the wall in modern-day Scotland. The wall had small forts called milecastles spaced at regular intervals along with towers called turrets. Soldiers lived in barracks within the milecastles and patrolled the wall. A ditch and road further enhanced its defenses. Hadrian's Wall marked the northernmost frontier of the Roman Empire in Britain until Roman forces withdrew in the late 4th century AD.
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Hadrian's Wall
- 1. HADRIAN’S WALL “VallumAelium” Dun dun dun.
- 2. THIS IS THE WALL.
- 3. MORE WALL.
- 4. THE BASICS ABOUT “THE WALL”: Hadrian’s Wall was a defensive barrier to protect Northern Britain from pesty barbaric invaders. This was built by the larger than life Roman Empire. It is considered one of Rome’s greatest achievements.
- 5. THIS IS A GEOGRAPHICAL MAP.
- 6. HADRIAN WHO? Hadrian (or more simply known as Imperator Caesar DiviTraianifiliusTraianusHadrianusAugustus), was the fourteenth Roman emporer from 117 to 138 AD. Hadrian’s Wall was one of his many military tactics. He also created intense military training to keep good morale. However, Hadrian believed in ‘peace though strength’.
- 8. BUILDING THE WALL. Hadrian’s Wall was built by over 7,000 soldiers in 5 years. The wall was 15 feet high and 8 feet thick. The height would vary by location. It extended 73 miles from the east to the west. The first 45 miles of the Eastern wall was built by stone, and the rest of it was built by turf (which was later replaced by stone).
- 9. WORKING.
- 10. INVADERS? YOU’RE KIDDING. The wall was considered a physical and physiological challenge for invaders. Invaders had to overcome 3 meter deep ditches, the 15 foot wall itself, and then the vallum, which was a 40 meter wide ditch that was hidden behind the wall.
- 12. THE FORTS. Every five miles, there were forts that held around 500-800 soldiers. People from all sorts of nationalities lived in these forts. There were a total of 17 forts built on Hadrian’s Wall. The most well preserved fort today is Housesteads.
- 14. HOUSESTEADS. Housesteads was called Vercovicium, which meant "the place of able fighters” by the Romans. 1,000 infantrymen who came from southern Belgium lived there. Housesteads is known for having the most well preserved Roman loo in Britain. (Yes, it’s a big deal there.)
- 16. IN THE END. After Hadrian suffered from heart failure in 138 AD, the wall’s importance declined. The new emperors focused on conquering northern Britain. Over time, the wall was forgotten and abandoned.
- 17. TODAY! Hadrian’s Wall is a popular tourist destination complete with a fun gift shop and museum. It is one of the last Roman creations still standing in Britain. In 2003, a National Trail footpath was opened for visitors. Due to how fragile the wall is, visitors are only allowed to walk it during the summer.
- 18. SYCAMORE GAP.
- 19. Bibliography! Thank you Mr. Hadrian for creating the wall, as well as the following websites: http://www.hadrians-wall-bed-and-breakfast.co.uk/ http://www.britannica.com http://www1.american.edu/TED/ice/hadrian.htm http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia_of_history/H/Hadrians_Wall.html http://www.catswhiskerstours.com/2009/07/birdoswald-roman-fort-hadrians-wall.html http://quezi.com/10710 http://www.leafpile.com/TravelLog/England/HadriansWall/Hadrianswall.htm