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POLYMEREN of :  “Kunststoffen” … of :  “Plastics” ...
Polymeren  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Indeling van Polymeren Onderverdeling van polymeren kan op een aantal manieren plaats vinden: 1) Natuurlijk of synthetisch 2) Thermoharder of thermoplast 3) Lineair, vertakt of dwarsverbindingen
Polymeren:  natuurlijk of synthetisch Natuurlijk : Wol, leer, natuurrubber,  eiwitten en koolhydraten Synthetisch: PVC, ‘plastics’, ‘rubber’
Thermoplast ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Polymeren:   thermoplast (lineair of vertakt)
Toepassing thermoplasten: PET-flessen maken
Verwekingspunt ,[object Object]
Thermoharder ,[object Object],[object Object],Cross-linking structuur
Polymeren:   ‘vernet’    thermoharder
©  Prof. W. Bogaerts, 2000
5. Eigenschappen van kunststoffen 3. elastomeren moleculen zijn ‘vernet’ maar toch nog grote mazen waardoor elastisch! (nemen oorspronkelijke vorm aan  als kracht wegvalt)
Elastomeren   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],‘ S’ cross-linking bij Natuurrubber
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Polymeren:  Lineair, vertakt of vernet
Bereiding van kunststoffen polymerisatie: polyaddititie
polycondensatie
Additiepolymerisatie  : De moleculen worden achter elkaar gekoppeld , als kralen aan een ketting De dubbele binding verdwijnt .
[object Object],Notatie van een Polyethyleen-molecuul
Polyethyleen-molecuul Atoomstructuur buitenste atoomschil van C-atoom bevat 4 elektronen  --> kan nog 4 elektronen opnemen Aan beide kanten van etheen- molecuul ander etheen molecuul --> Ontstaan lange keten Fysische structuur Erg lange ketens --> verward & verstrengeld
Polymerisatie van etheen CH 2 =CH 2   +  CH 2 =CH 2        Polyetheen -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 - n C 2 H 4     (C 2 H 4 ) n
PE (polyeth een )
PE = polyetheen = polyethyleen
POLYPROPEEN ,[object Object]
PP = polypropeen
PS = polystyreen
Polyvinylchoride  /  Polypropyleen Basis : C 2 H 4  (ethyleen) Vervang één H door Cl -->  Polyvinylchloride  (PVC) Vervang H door CH 3 -->  Polypropyleen  (PP)
PVC
PVC = polyvinylchloride
PET = polyethyleentereftalaat
Condensatie-polymerisatie   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http :// www . pslc . ws / mactest /nylon. htm
BIJZONDERE GEVAL : ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Soorten Polymeren  (2) ,[object Object]
Toevoegingen
Weekmaker ,[object Object],[object Object]
Blaasmiddel ,[object Object],[object Object]
Kleurstoffen ,[object Object],[object Object]
FABRICAGE TECHNIEKEN ©  Prof. W. Bogaerts, 2000
Spuitgieten
Blazen Extrusie
Composieten ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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H9 polymeren 2011

Editor's Notes

  1. Kleurstoffen vermengen zich met het hele polymeer.