Hydrogen sulfide is one of the most deadly industrial gases especially in oil and gas industry. It has been referred to as a silent killer. This comprehensive PPT covers a wide range of topics including characteristics of H2S, monitoring areas for H2S levels, emergency procedures, hazard minimization, contingency planning, and more. Complete and up-to-date. A great tool for required annual training.
H2S
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list engineering company owner epc supplier oil gas power mining infrastructure industry safety vacancy event news training course project
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Hydrogen sulfide is one of the most deadly industrial gases especially in oil and gas industry. It has been referred to as a silent killer. This comprehensive PPT covers a wide range of topics including characteristics of H2S, monitoring areas for H2S levels, emergency procedures, hazard minimization, contingency planning, and more. Complete and up-to-date. A great tool for required annual training.
H2S
list engineering company owner epc supplier
list engineering company owner epc supplier oil gas power mining infrastructure industry safety vacancy event news training course project
http://www.listengineeringcompany.com
Chemicals are the most common and significant health hazards and Chemicals can be hazardous for numerous reasons and can combine with other chemicals to make new hazards.
Therefore All hazards must be taken into account when using and storing chemicals.
# Understand that chemicals hazards.
# Understand that safe storage is an important issue.
# Understand that many chemical injuries result from
improper storage.
# Know four basic rules of chemical safety.
# Be aware of the categories of dangerous chemicals
and appropriate safety precautions.
Chemicals are the most common and significant health hazards and Chemicals can be hazardous for numerous reasons and can combine with other chemicals to make new hazards.
Therefore All hazards must be taken into account when using and storing chemicals.
# Understand that chemicals hazards.
# Understand that safe storage is an important issue.
# Understand that many chemical injuries result from
improper storage.
# Know four basic rules of chemical safety.
# Be aware of the categories of dangerous chemicals
and appropriate safety precautions.
All you need to know about Hydrogen Sulfide - H2SOizom
H2S is formed whenever elemental sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds come into contact with organic materials at high temperatures. Continuous or high-level exposure of the H2S can quickly deaden a person’s sense of smell, making the odour of H2S an unreliable indicator of its presence. Hence, other means such as hydrogen sulfide monitoring is a viable solution to provide adequate warning of hazardous exposure. This article covers information on hydrogen sulfide, its sources in the ambient air, permissible levels, health and environmental impact. Additionally, it also highlights possible corrective measures, the need for H2S monitors and different methods of H2S monitoring.
What is H2S?
H2S is colorless, flammable, poisonous, and corrosive gas with one sulfur atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms. Known as sewer gas, swamp gas or manure gas, H2S has a noticeable rotten-egg odour detectable at concentrations as low as 0.5 ppb. Also, It is highly flammable, explosive gas between 4% and 45% (concentration in air) which may travel to ignition sources and flashback. When ignited, it burns to produce toxic vapors and gases (sulfur oxides).
H2S molecular structure
[Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hydrogen-sulfide-3D-balls.png]
Hydrogen sulfide is slightly heavier than air. It may travel along the ground collecting into low lying, enclosed, or poorly ventilated areas such as basements, sewer lines, underground passages, manholes, etc.
Hydrogen sulfide in Atmosphere
H2S is present naturally in crude petroleum, natural gas, and hot springs. It is released into the atmosphere primarily as gas from volcanoes, geothermal vents, sulfur springs and lakes, salt marshes, and estuaries. Also, bacterial breakdown (anaerobic decay) of organic sulfur compounds also produce H2S.
FROM NOW I WILL HAVE 2 DISCUSSION EVERY WEEK FOR EACH CLASS AND I .docxhanneloremccaffery
FROM NOW I WILL HAVE 2 DISCUSSION EVERY WEEK FOR EACH CLASS AND I NEED YOUR HELP PLEASE.. THANKS
DISCUSSION Class # 1 / 499
=====================================================================
Week 2 Discussion 1
"Union Pacific Corporation" Please respond to the following:
· Perform an analysis of the social / demographic, technological, economic, environmental / geographic, and political/legal / governmental segments to understand the general environment facing Union Pacific.
· Describe how Union Pacific will be affected by each of these external factors.
Week 2 Discussion 2
"Five Forces of Competition Model" Please respond to the following:
From the e-Activity, analyze the industry you selected using the Five Forces of Competition Model to determine the impact of each of the five forces.
· • Threat of New Entrants
· • Threat of Substitute Products
· • Bargaining Power of Buyers (Customers)
· • Bargaining Power of Suppliers
· • Rivalry Among Competing Firms in an industry
·
Based on your analysis, determine if the industry is attractive or unattractive. Explain your rationale.
===============================================================
DISCUSSION Class # 2 / 409
Week 2 Discussion 1
"Compensation Tactics" Please respond to the following:
· From the e-Activity, determine how the law you researched influences compensation strategies for all companies directly affected by the law in your state. Provide specific examples to support your response.
· Some people say that unions make it more difficult for companies to attain competitive advantage. Explain why you agree or disagree with this statement.
Do Unions Raise Wages? Martocchio_sc7inppt_02.pptx
Week 2 Discussion 2
"Discretionary Employee Benefits" Please respond to the following:
· Analyze the various codes and acts regarding discretionary employee benefits discussed in Chapter 2 and determine which code or law has had the greatest impact on the largest number of organizations. Explain your rationale.
· Building on the same analysis, determine the most likely issue regarding discretionary employee benefits and a likely law that would address the issue. Provide specific examples to support your response.
===================================================================
Bottom of Form
Bottom of Form
Bottom of Form
Bottom of Form
Introduction
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gas that naturally occurs in hot springs, crude petroleum, and even natural gas. This gas is usually produced by the breakdown of organic materials commonly found in wastes of human and animals by bacteria. Some of the activities that commonly result to the production of hydrogen sulfide gas include treatment of wastewater, drilling and even refining of petroleum or natural gas (Occupational Safety and Health Administration).
Aside from being in a form of gas, hydrogen sulfide may also exist as a gas, which is compressed to become a liquid. It is commonly found in places which ...
Core 10 introduction to hydrogen sulfideWayneBourg
Hydrogen sulfide, or H2S, is a hazard that can creep up on you. You cannot see it, and if the concentration is high enough, you will not even be able to smell it. This toxic gas is colorless and collects in low-lying areas. H2S is so powerful that it can kill you with one breath. It is known as “The Silent Killer.” In this chapter, we will review the safe work practices designed to protect you from hazardous exposure to H2S.
PHL 317.81 25 July 2016
Question 5 Summer B (Jn-Au) 2016
Question 5
Due: 3 August 2016
In “A Few Words on Non-Intervention,” J. S. Mill (46) writes about a drawing of distinctions between civilized and barbaric peoples. (577 ++) Also, he continues on with the obligations that the country intervening in the affairs of another incurs. What are these distinctions and obligations?
Running Head: CHEMICAL RESEARCH PAPER
1
CHEMICAL RESEARCH PAPER
12
Chemical Research Paper
Name
Institution
Table Contents
31.0 Abstract
31.0Introduction
42.0 H2S Properties
53.0 Common Use
64.0 Exposure and Health Effects
85.0 Government Regulation
96.0 Control Method
107.0 Case Studies
108.0 Conclusion
109.0 Recommendation
1110.0 References
CHEMICAL RESEARCH PAPER
1.0 Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide gas has gained a lot of industrial usage in the current times. This has left many people especially those working in such firms to be exposed to the dangers that come with this gas that is largely poisonous hence the need to ensure that the people working in such environments are provided with the personal protective equipment to shield them from the harmful effects of the gas given that their organizational roles keeps them in contact with this gas. This chemical research paper narrows down to the properties of this particular gas, its health hazards for those exposed to it, the common usage of this gas and its regulation by the government within the working environment. This report is very central given that numerous death have resulted from workers being exposed to the toxic effects of this gas hence the need to highlight the core features of this gas and make recommendations that if adopted with the relevant organizations will save lives.
2.0 Introduction
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gas that naturally occurs in hot springs, crude petroleum, and even natural gas. This gas is usually produced by the breakdown of organic materials commonly found in wastes of human and animals by bacteria. Some of the activities that commonly result to the production of hydrogen sulfide gas include treatment of wastewater, drilling and even refining of petroleum or natural gas (Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2016).
Aside from being in a form of gas, hydrogen sulfide may also exist as a gas, which is compressed to become a liquid. It is commonly found in places which are enclosed and have poor ventilation because it travels along the ground as a result of its heavier weight than air. Some of the common locations of hydrogen sulfide include basements, and sewer lines (Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2016).
H2S is becoming public concern, especially because enormous number of industries useH2S in their manufacture. Hence, enormous numbers of workers are exposed to it. In this report I am going to thoroughly explain H2S properties, common use of H2S, health effects, and the government regulation of H2S in .
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)
Hydrogen sulfide is a colorless, flammable, extremely hazardous gas with a “rotten
egg” smell. Some common names for the gas include sewer gas, stink damp,
swamp gas and manure gas. It occurs naturally in crude petroleum, natural gas,
and hot springs. In addition, hydrogen sulfide is produced by bacterial breakdown
of organic materials and human and animal wastes (e.g., sewage).
Industrial activities that can produce the gas include petroleum/natural gas
drilling and refining, wastewater treatment, coke ovens, tanneries, and kraft
paper mills. Hydrogen sulfide can also exist as a liquid compressed gas.
Siloxanes - Consumption, Toxicity & Alternatives - Resources for Healthy Children www.scribd.com/doc/254613619 - For more information, Please see Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children www.scribd.com/doc/254613963 - Gardening with Volcanic Rock Dust www.scribd.com/doc/254613846 - Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech www.scribd.com/doc/254613765 - Free School Gardening Art Posters www.scribd.com/doc/254613694 - Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/254609890 - Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success www.scribd.com/doc/254613619 - City Chickens for your Organic School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/254613553 - Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica www.scribd.com/doc/254613494 - Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide www.scribd.com/doc/254613410 - Free Organic Gardening Publications www.scribd.com/doc/254609890 ~ miljoestyrelsen.dk
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
2. Table of Contents
◈ What is H2S gas?
◈ Where do you find H2S?
◈ Effects of H2S.
◈ Detection of H2S.
◈ First-aid and Rescue procedures.
◈ Hierarchy of control.
21 Jan 2021
4. What is H2S gas?
4
H2S common names :
• Sewer Gas
• Swamp Gas (Marshy area)
• Sour Gas
• Stink Damp (mines)
• Rotten egg gas
• Sulfuretted Hydrogen
1 Jan 2021
Composition :
H2S is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one sulfur atom.
5. Properties of H2S
5
Color less
Rotten egg smell at low
concentration
Paralysis Olfactory Nerve at Higher
Concentration
FlammableCorrosive
1 Jan 2021
Heavier than Air
Air
H2S
6. 6
• H2S is a formed by the decomposition of organic
materials rich in sulfur by bacteria in the absence
of air.
• H2S is generated as a common by product of
industrial and manufacturing process
HOW IS HYDROGEN SULFIDE FORMED?
• During the formation of Oil and gas H2S
is simultaneously formed.
1 Jan 2021
8. Where do you find H2S?
8
Sewer and sewage
treatmentfacilities
Leather Tanning Industry/ Sugar /
Paper pulpMills
Undergroundmining.
Geothermal EnvironmentProcess platform/Refineries Dredgingoperation
1 Jan 2021
9. Where do you find H2S?
9
◈ Oil and gas wells
◈ Gas plants.
◈ Refineries
1 Jan 2021
10. 101 Jan 2021
HOW IS HYDROGEN SULFIDE FORMED?
New technologies employed in oil and gas
production, especially from unconventional
resources, also can contribute to generation or
delay of appearance of H2S.
Steam-assisted gravity drainage and hydraulic
fracturing used in production of oil sands and shale
oil/gas, respectively, can potentially convert the
sulfur content of the petroleum into H2S or
contribute excess amounts of H2S during
production.
11. 11
Sweet and Sour Crude oil
1 Jan 2021
A sweet crude typically contains < 0.5% sulfur
- refined into gasoline, kerosene, and high-
quality diesel.
A Sour crude typically contains > 0.5% sulfur.
- refined into heavy oils such as diesel and
fuel oil, both less valuable than the gasoline
products created from sweet crude.
13. 13
Distribution of Crude Types in Egypt
1 Jan 2021
Suez Blend
• The Suez Blend comes from
aging offshore fields in the
Gulf of Suez.
• API gravity of 30.4 and a
sulfur percentage of 1.65%.
• Ras Shukeir
Belayim Blend
• The Belayim Blend is sourced
from aging offshore fields in
the Gulf of Suez.
• API gravity of 27.5, making it
a medium crude, but its value
is decreased by its high sulfur
percentage of 2.2%.
• Wadi Ferran
Western Desert Blend
• The Western Desert Blend,
unlike the Belayim and
Suez blends, is sourced
from newer fields and not
in decline.
• API gravity of 41.1 and
sulfur percentage of 0.34%,
making it both light and
sweet.
15. Effects of H2S
15
H2 S is also transported to the CNS by
RBC. H2 S paralyze CNS.
CNS cannot give inputs to respiratory
system. Person stops breathing.
H2 S blocks O2 from bonding to RBC
causing O2 Deprivation
1 Jan 2021
17. Effects of H2S
17
Primary Route of Entry is by INHALATION
Body mass
Physical
Condition
Age
Smoker
/Non-Smoker
Drug/Alcohol
Compatibility
Exposure Duration (HOW LONG?)
Exposure Concentration (HOW MUCH?)
Frequency (HOW MANY TIMES?)
Individual Susceptibility (IMMUNE SYSTEM)
People with chronic lung disease may suffer those effects at a
lower PPM
1 Jan 2021
18. Exposure Limit
18
Long Term Exposure Limit (LTEL)
- which is the maximum exposure permitted over an 8-hour period per 5 days.
OEL / WEL Conc. of H2S
Long Term Exposure Limit(LTEL) 10 PPM
Mon Tues Wed Thurs Fri Sat Sun
8hrs. 8hrs. 8hrs. 8hrs. 8hrs.
1 Jan 2021
19. Exposure Limit
19
Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL)
- is the maximum exposure permitted over a 15-minute reference period.
15 min 1 hr. 15 min 1 hr. 15 min 1 hr. 15 min
OEL / WEL Conc. of H2S
Short Term Exposure Limit(STEL) 15 PPM
1 Jan 2021
20. Exposure Limit
20
Immediate Danger to Life and Health (IDLH)
The exposure at which hazard, such as a toxic gas, poses an immediate threat to health or
life, For H2S IDLH is100 PPM
OEL / WEL Conc. of H2S
Long Term Exposure Limit(LTEL) 10 PPM
Short Term Exposure Limit(STEL) 15 PMM
Immediate Danger to Life and Health(IDLH) 100 PMM
1 Jan 2021
21. Effects of H2S
211 Jan 2021
H2S can cause serious damage to metal used in the drilling and production,as well as the
seals used to keep the fluids and pressure within thesystem
It reflects on the economics : cost of product loss, repair and replacement of expensive
equipment and pipelines.
23. Detection of H2S
Detectors that mount on your body or are handheld.
Designed to give off an alarm when exposed to a
predetermined level of H2S.
23
PORTABLE H2S GAS DETECTOR :
1 Jan 2021
24. Detection of H2S
Fixed monitors are typically used in larger sites for
continuous monitoring. If H2S levels increase above
certain limits, an alarm will be activated. Fixed alarms
are commonly programmed to set off an alarm at 10
ppm.
24
FIXED OR REMOTE MONITORS:
1 Jan 2021
25. Detection of H2S
Resembling a credit card, these monitors can be
carried and will change colors depending on the gas
levels. Some can also set off an alarm if exposure
exceeds a certain level.
25
BADGES:
1 Jan 2021
26. Detection of H2S
NIOSH-certified clear tubes about the size of a pen,
they provide an appropriate measure of H2S
concentrations. The tube changes color depending
the H2S level.
26
DETECTOR TUBES:
1 Jan 2021
27. Detection of H2S
- Lead acetate strips usually turn brown or black due to H2S.
- The degree of the color indicates the gas’s concentration.
While helpful for determining if H2S is present, coated strips
should not be the only tools used as an indicator because
they are not accurate.
27
COATED STRIPS:
1 Jan 2021
29. First-aid and rescue
29
🏃
1 Jan 2021
1- Call for help if possible.
2- Only attempt rescue while wearing a SCBA or other air respirator.
3- Move co-worker to fresh air as quickly as possible.
4- Move upwind or crosswind from H2S source.
30. First-aid and rescue
30
🏃
1 Jan 2021
5- If co-worker is breathing, administer oxygen while
keeping him or her in a resting position.
6- Thoroughly wash eyes if affected by H2S.
7- Begin artificial respiration.
8- Promptly transport the victim to a hospital while
continuing to give artificial respiration.
9- Inform hospital your co-worker has been exposed to H2S.
32. 32
Hierarchy of controls
1- Eliminate :
- Remove the hazard or avoid the activity.
2- SubstituteReduce :
- Reduce the amount or the concentration of the hazardous
substance.
3- Isolate :
- Isolate workers from dangerous work areas.
4- Engineering controls :
• Where practical, install effective exhaust ventilation.
• Monitoring and detecting H2S levels.
1 Jan 2021
33. 33
Hierarchy of controls
1 Jan 2021
5- Administrative Controls :
A) Education : Workers must be taught how to prevent and recognize H2S poisoning, and how to
give first aid to those overcome by the gas. Workers must be taught and practice how to use
protective breathing equipment through Training, drills, TBT, Safety meeting
34. 34
Hierarchy of controls
1 Jan 2021
5- Administrative Controls :
B) Labelling and posting :
• Workers must have easy access to the MSDS.
• Wherever an H2S leak or buildup is possible, warning signs
bearing“ Hydrogen Sulfide” plus precautions must be posted
just outside at the entrances to the area
35. 35
Hierarchy of controls
1 Jan 2021
5- Administrative Controls :
C) Emergency plans : Where H2S is used, employers must train
workers in H2S hazards, emergency procedures, escape routes,
and the location of emergency equipment and safe areas.
36. 36
Hierarchy of controls
1 Jan 2021
5- Administrative Controls :
D) Changing work pattern : job rotation, reducing duration and frequency of exposure
37. 37
Hierarchy of controls
1 Jan 2021
5- Administrative Controls :
E) Regular maintenance : To lessen the risk
of leaks, regularly check pipes, valves, tanks,
and containers of dangerous gases and
liquids
38. 38
Safety equipment needs to be adequate enough to protect workers from the
hazards of H2S and readily placed to ensure easy access.
General equipment is required, such as eyewear and protective clothing, but more
specialized gear is also needed. Because skin absorption is minimal, employers
will want to focus on establishing and maintaining a respiratory protection
program.
1 Jan 2021
Hierarchy of controls
6- PPE:
39. 39
Hierarchy of controls
1 Jan 2021
6- PPE:
Inhalation is your main concern
◈ Inhalation
◈ Skin contact
You can be exposed to H2S through:
Use available personal protective equipment (for example, self-contained
breathing apparatus) and personal monitors, as required
40. 40
Hierarchy of controls
1 Jan 2021
6- PPE:
◈ Positive-pressure full-face piece hose line/air
line supplied-air respirator (SAR) and carry
an escape pack
◈ Positive-pressure self-contained breathing
apparatus (SCBA)
ANSI and the American Petroleum Institute (API)
recommend wearing one of the following respirators
when you work in environments with more than 10 ppm
H2S: