Vati/Gutika kalpana is a pharmaceutical procedure in which the powder of raw drugs (Herbal or Herbo-minerals) triturated together with certain Kashayam (decoction) or swarasa (fresh extract or juice of plants) or even honey and the medicines are prepared in the form of pills or tablets. Vataka, gutika, vati, modaka, vatika, pindi, guda and varti are the synonyms of vati. Differences may prevail in the shape or size of the above preparations, but the pharmaceutical procedure remains same. Present presentation is based on Gutika kalpa according to C.C.I.M. Syllabus for M.D. Final year curriculum of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya kalpana paper 3, Rasa Chikitsa and aushadha vigyana, Part B (d).
Historical philosophical, theoretical, and legal foundations of special and i...
Gutika kalpa
1. GUTIKA KALPA
(As per C.C.I.M. Syllabus for P.G. Final year Rasa
Shastra and Bhaishajya kalpana)
Dr. Somil Dubey
M.D. (Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana)
Medical officer, Pt. Khushilal Sharma Govt.
(Auto.) Ayurveda College, Bhopal (M.P)
Email id- somildubey11@gmail.com
2. INTRODUCTION
Vati/Gutika kalpana is a pharmaceutical procedure in which the
powder of raw drugs (Herbal or Herbo-minerals) triturated together
with certain Kashayam (decoction) or swarasa (fresh extract or juice
of plants) or even honey and the medicines are prepared in the
form of pills or tablets.
Vataka, gutika, vati, modaka, vatika, pindi, guda and varti are the
synonyms of vati. Differences may prevail in the shape or size of the
above preparations, but the pharmaceutical procedure remains
same.
Present presentation is based on Gutika kalpa according to C.C.I.M.
Syllabus for M.D. Final year curriculum of Rasa Shastra and
Bhaishajya kalpana paper 3, Rasa Chikitsa and aushadha vigyana,
Part B (d).
6. Pharmacological aspects
Contents-
S. No. NAME BOTANICAL NAME/ENGLISH
NAME
QUANTITY
1 Shuddha Parada Purified Mercury 1 part
2 Shuddha Gandhaka Purified Sulphur 1 part
3 Lauha bhasma Calx of Iron 1 part
4 Abhraka bhasma Calx of mica 1 part
5 Shulva bhasma Calx of copper 1 part
6 Triphala Combination of Haritaki,
vibhitaki, aamlaki
2 part
7 Shuddha shilajeeta Asphaltum punjabianum 3 part
8 Shuddha Guggulu Commiphora mukul 4 part
9 Chitraka Plumbago zeylanica 4 parts
10 Katuki churna Picrorhiza kurroa 18 parts (equal to
above all)
7. Cont...
Bhavana (trituration)- ‘Nimba vriksha dala ambho’ (fresh juice of
neem leaves) for 2 days.
Dose- actual dose given by author is 1 rajakola (approx 6 gm), but
clinically tablets of 250-500 mg are used b.i.d.
Anupana- water, honey or suitable kusthahara decoction.
Indications-
•Mandala kustha and other 17 types of kustha (skin ailments), all
types of jwara (fever of various aetiology).
•It is administered 5th day of fever onset.
•Deepana-pachana (digestive and appetizer), pathya (health
promoter), hridya (cardiac tonic), medovinashni (lowers body
excess fat), mild laxative.
•This formulation can be used in all the diseases.
12. CONTROVERSIES REGARDING DRUG CHANDRPRABHA
•Aadhmala, commentator of Deepika tika on sharangdhara samhita
sayd Chandraprabha is karpura (Cinnamomum camphora), shati
(Hedychium spicatum), shatavari (Asparagus racemosus).
•Pandit kashiram of Gudartha dipika says karpura or karpurabheda.
•Rasendra Sara Sangraha reads Chandraprabha as Shati.
•Vaidyaksabdasindhu write it as bakuchi (Psoralea corylifolia) and
karchura (Curcuma zedoaria).
13. Cont...
Dose- 250-500 mg bid with warm water.
Indications- ‘sarva roga pranashni’ (useful in almost all the
diseases), 20 types of prameha (diabetes and its complications),
mutrakriccha (dysuria), mutraghata (Urinary Obstruction), ashmari
(renal caliculi), vivandha (constipation), aanaha (abdominal
distension), granthi-arbuda (cyst, benign growth), aantravriddhi
(hernia), katishoola (backache), swasa-kasa (respiratory disorders),
vicharchika (cholera), pandu (anaemia), kaamla-halimaka
(jaundice), kustha (skin disorder), arsha (piles), kandu (pruritus),
pleeha roga (spleen disorder), bhagandara (fistula), dental
problems, eye disorder, menstrual issues in females, fertility issues
of male and female, mandagni (improves appetite), aruchi
(anorexia), balya (provides strength), vrishya (aphrodisiac), rasayan
(rejuvenate).
18. Pharmacological aspects
Contents-
S. No. NAME BOTANICAL NAME/ENGLISH
NAME
QUANTITY
1 Vidanga Embelia ribes 1 part
2 Nagar Zingiber officinale 1 part
3 Krishna Piper longum 1 part
4 Pathya Terminalia chebula 1 part
5 Aamlaki Emblica officinalis 1 part
6 Vibhitaki Terminalia bellerica 1 part
7 Vacha Acorus calamus 1 part
8 Guduchi Tinospora cordifolia 1 part
9 Bhallataka Semecarpus anacardium 1 part
10 Visha Aconitum ferox 1 part
19. Cont...
Bhavana (trituration)- All the ingredients are mixed uniformly and
triturated with cow’s urine to make pills of 125 mg.
Dose and indications-
•1 tablet in ajeerna (indigestion) and gulma (abdominal pain of
various aetiology).
•2 tablets in visuchika (cholera like symptoms).
•3 tablets in snake bite
•4 tablets in Sannipataja (all three vitiated doshas simultaneously).
Anupana- ardraka swarsa (fresh juice of ginger).
23. Pharmacological aspects
Contents-
Bhavana- Baboola tvak kwatha (Decoction of Acacia arabica bark)-
3 times
Dose- 500 mg, 2-3 times as lozenges.
Indications- it cures kasa (cough) in 8 hours.
S. No. NAME BOTANICAL NAME/ENGLISH
NAME
QUANTITY
1 Lavanga Syzygium aromaticum 1 part
2 Maricha Piper nigrum 1 part
3 Vibhitaki Terminalia bellerica 1 part
4 Khadira sara Acacia catechu ext. 1 part
30. Cont...
Procedure
•All the powders are mixed uniformly, later khadira sara in specific
amount is added to this mixture to form homogenous mixture.
•It is triturated in given liquid media 7 times each, later pills of 500
mg are formed and kept in an air tight container after drying.
Dose-2-4 tablets orally as lozenges.
Indications- chronic swasa-kasa (respiratory disorders).
33. Cont...
Procedure
•Khadira decoction is prepared in given amount of water, it is
reduced till 1/8th of water remains (1.536 L).
•It is filtered through cloth and subjected to heat till it becomes
semi-solid, then all other churnas are added to it and pills of 1
chanaka matra are prepared.
Dose- 2-4 tablets bid or tid orally as lozenges.
Indications-jihva, danta, vadana, gala, talu roga. (diseases of
tongue, dental problems, oral cavity, throat and palate).
39. Pharmacological aspects
Contents-
S. No. NAME BOTANICAL NAME/ENGLISH
NAME
QUANTITY
1 Abhaya Terminalia arjuna 1 part
2 Maricha Piper nigrum 1 part
3 Sunthi Zingiber officinale 1 part
4 Vidanga Embelia ribes 1 part
5 Aamlaki Emblica officinalis 1 part
6 Pippali Piper longum 1 part
7 Pippalimoola Piper longum roots 1 part
8 Tvak Cinnamomum verum 1 part
9 Tejapatra Cinnamomum tamala 1 part
10 Musta Cyperus rotundus 1 part
40. Contents cont...
S. No. NAME BOTANICAL NAME/ENGLISH
NAME
QUANTITY
11 Danti Baliospermum montanum 2 parts
12 Trivrit Operculina turpethum 8 parts
13 Sharkara Sugar candy 6 parts
14 Madhu Hongey Q.S.
Bhavana- all the ingredients are mixed homogenously, later pills
of 1 karsha (12 gm) are made with honey.
Dose- 1 karsha i.e. 1 tablet in morning with cold water. It causes
purgation until hot water is not used.
Anupana- sheetala jala (cold water)
41. Cont...
Indications- vishama jwara (fever of recurrent nature), mandagni
(low digestive fire), pandu (anaemia), kasa (cough), bhagandara
(fistula), piles, kustha (skin ailments), gulma (abdominal pain of
various aetiology), galaganda (goitre), bhrama (mental state of
confusion), udara roga (diseases of abdomen), vidaha (burning
sensation), pleeha roga (spleen disorders), meha (diabetes and its
complications), rajayakshma (emaciation), eye diseases, vata roga,
aadhmana (abdominal distension), mutrakriccha (dysuria), ashmari
(renal caliculi), pristha-parswa-uru-jangha-udara ruja (pain in back,
flanks or pleurisy pain, groin, thighs, abdomen), palit roga
(premature greying of hairs), rasayana (rejuvenate).
45. Pharmacological aspects
Contents-
All the churnas are mixed properly and mixed with honey to make
pills.
Dose- 500 mg bid as lozenges.
Indications- excess thirst and mukhasosha (dryness of mouth).
S. No. NAME BOTANICAL NAME/ENGLISH
NAME
QUANTITY
1 Aamlaki Emblica officinalis 1 part
2 Kamal Nelumbo nucifera 1 part
3 Kustha Saussurea lappa 1 part
4 Laja Puffed rice 1 part
5 Vata rohaka Ficus benghalensis 1 part
47. Pharmacological aspects
Contents-
S. No. NAME BOTANICAL NAME/ENGLISH
NAME
QUANTITY
1 Guduchi kanda Tinospora cordifolia 1 part
2 Water for
decoction
---------------------------------------------- 4 times
Procedure-
•Fresh Guduchi kanda of angushta pramana thickness (as thick
as thumb) is taken and washed thoroughly with water.
•It is then cut into small pieces (size of 4 angula pramana) and
then crushed well in khalva yantra.
•4 times of water is added to it in an iron or copper vessel and
kept over night. Next day it is boiled over moderate flame and
reduced to 1/4th.
48. Cont...
Procedure cont...
•The reduced liquid is filtered through a clean cloth and transferred to
another clean vessel.
•It is then again subjected to boiling over low flame till it attains semi-
solid consistency, later it is kept under sunlight and pills of 2 ratti (250
mg) are formed and preserved well in an airtight container.
Dose-5-10 tablets of 250 mg, 4-5 times a day (this dose is mentioned by
acharya in original text, clinically dose can be reduced according to
assessment of patient).
•It is also recommended to use it with 1/4th of ativisha churna (Aconitum
heterophyllum) in vishama jwara (fever of recurrent nature).
Anupana- with water
Indications- jwara (fever), jeerna jwara (chronic fever), rajayakshma
(emaciation), prameha (diabetes and its complications), mandagni (low
digestive fire), daurbalya (generalised weakness), pandu (anaemia), balya
(provides strength).
49. KUTAJA GHANA VATI
Siddha Yoga Sangraha by Acharya Yadav Ji Trikamji; Atisara-pravahika-
grahni adhikara; chapter 2 pg. no. 22
50. Pharmacological aspects
Contents-
S. No. NAME BOTANICAL NAME/ENGLISH
NAME
QUANTITY
1 Kutaja bark Holorrhena antidysenterica 1 part
2 Water for
decoction
---------------------------------------------- 16 times
Procedure-
•Fresh bark of kutaja is cleaned with water and grinded to
yavakuta consistency, 16 times water is added to it and boiled,
till it is reduced to 1/8th part of water.
•Then the decoction is filtered and further boiled over
madhyamagni and mandagni (moderate and mild flame).
•It is stirred with wooden ladle till it becomes semisolid.
51. Cont...
Procedure cont...
•There after it is exposed to sunlight and 1/4th ativisha (Aconitum
heterophyllum) powder is added to make pills of 3 ratti (375 mg).
Dose-2-4 tablets 3-4 times a day (this dose is mentioned by
acharya in original text, clinically dose can be reduced according to
assessment of patient).
Anupana- with water
Indications- atisara (diarrhoea), grahni (I.B.S.), jwaratisara (fever
with diarrhoea).
53. Pharmacological aspects
Contents-
S. No. NAME BOTANICAL NAME/ENGLISH
NAME
QUANTITY
1 Shuddha shilajeeta Asphaltum punjabianum 16 pala (768 gm)
BHAVANA (TRITURATION) DRAVYAS
S. No. NAME BOTANICAL NAME/ENGLISH
NAME
No. OF TIMES
BHAVANA
1 Dasmoola kwatha Decoctin of ten herbs 2 times
2 Guduchi Tinospora cordifolia 2 times
3 Bala moola Sida cordifolia 2 times
4 Patola Trichosanthes dioica 2 parts
5 Yastimadhu Glycyrrhiza glabra 2 times
6 Gomutra Cow’s urine 2 times
7 Godugdha Cow’s milk 1 time
After bhavana with above drugs shilajeeta is subjected to drying
56. Contents cont...
S. No. NAME BOTANICAL NAME/ENGLISH
NAME
QUANTITY
25 Nagarmotha Cyperus scariosus 1 pala (48 gm)
26 Katuki Picrorhiza kurroa 1 pala (48 gm)
27 Karkatshringi Pistacia integerrima 1 pala (48 gm)
28 Patha Cissampelos pareira 1 pala (48 gm)
BHAVANA DRUGS-2 cont...
All the above drugs 48 gm each are added with 1 drona of
water (12.288 L) and reduced to ¼ i.e. 3.072 L
58. Contents cont...
S. No. NAME BOTANICAL NAME/ENGLISH
NAME
QUANTITY
12 Vanslochana Bamboo silica ALL COLLECTIVELY
HALF PALA (24
GM)
13 Tejapatra Cinnamomum tamala
14 Tvak Cinnamomum verum
15 Nagakesara Mesua ferrea
16 Ela Elettaria cardamomum
CHURNA DRUGS Cont...
All the ingredients are mixed to make pills of 2 masha i.e. 2 gm
and stored in jatipushpa (Jasmine flower).
Dose- 1 tablet bid for 1 year.
Anupana- milk, meat soup, dadima rasa (pomegranate juice),
sura-asava (alcoholic preparation), madhu (honey), or water
collected during shishira ritu (some author narrates cold water).
59. Cont...
After digestion of medicine it is advised to take light diet, milk, meat soup,
yusha. Such regimen is to be followed for 7 days, thereafter normal diet
can be taken.
Indications- vatarakta (gout), aadhyavata (rheumatoid arthritis/spasticity
of thighs), rajayakshma (emaciation), jwara (fever), yonidosha, shukra
dosha (disorders related to female genital tract and male reproductive
system), pleeha roga (spleen disorder), arsha (piles), pandu (anaemia),
grahni (I.B.S.), vomiting, gulma (abdominal pain of various aetiology),
pinasa (allergic rhinitis), hikka (hiccups), kasa-swasa (respiratory
disorders), aruchi (anorexia), udara roga (diseases of abdomen), svitra
(leucoderma), kustha (skin ailments), klaibya (male sexual dysfunction),
garavisha (artificial poison), unmada (psychiatric problems), apasmara
(epilepsy), oral cavity disorders, eye diseases, shiro roga (headache
disorders), aanaha (abd. Distension), atisara (diarrhoea), raktaprada
(Metrorrhagia), kaamla (jaundice), hepatic disorders, arbuda (abnormal
growth), vidradhi (abscess), fistula.
60. Indications cont...
Raktapitta (bleeding disorders), atikrishta and atisthaulya (lean and
obese), atisveda (Hyperhidrosis), slipada (elephantiasis), danstra
visha (animal poison), moola visha (plant poison), adhibhautika
diseases, removes poverty and bad sins.
•It provides strength, improves fertility, enhances monetary and
social status of person, and helps to produce better progeny. It
improves memory.
•By taking it continuously for 1 year it provides quality life for 200
year and so on.
62. Pharmacological aspects
Contents-
S. No. NAME BOTANICAL NAME/ENGLISH
NAME
QUANTITY
1 Ela Elettaria cardamomum Half tola (6 gm)
2 Tejapatra Cinnamomum tamala Half tola (6 gm)
3 Tvak Cinnamomum verum Half tola (6 gm)
4 Pippali Piper longum Half pala (24 gm)
5 Mishri Sugar candy 1 pala (48 gm)
6 Yastimadhu Glycyrrhiza glabra 1 pala (48 gm)
7 Kharjura Phoenix dactylifera 1 pala (48 gm)
8 Mridvika Vitis vinifera 1 pala (48 gm)
9 Madhu Honey Q.S.
63. Cont...
Procedure
•Kharjura and mridvika are pounded properly in khalwa yantra to form
paste like consistency.
•Later all other powders are added to it little by little while continuously
pounding.
•Once homogenous drug mass is formed, specific amount of honey is
added to this mixture and pills of 1 aksha pramana (12 gm) are formed.
Dose- 1-2 tablets chewed 3-4 times a day (as lozenges).
Dose-2-4 tablets orally as lozenges.
Indications-swasa-kasa (respiratory disorders), jwara (fever), hikka
(hiccups), chardi (nausea and vomiting), murcha-mada-bhrama (altered
level of consciousness), raktasthivana (Hemoptysis), thirst, parswashoola
(pain due to pleurisy), aruchi (anorexia), shosha, kshata-kshaya
(emaciation), pleeha roga (spleen disorder), aadhyavata (rheumatoid
arthritis/spasticity of thighs), swarabheda (hoarseness of voice), tarpani,
vrishya (aphrodisiac), raktapitta (bleeding disorders).
65. Pharmacological aspects
Contents-
S. No. NAME BOTANICAL NAME/ENGLISH
NAME
QUANTITY
1 Kasturi Moschus moschiferus 1 part
2 Kiratatikta Swertia chirata 1 part
3 Aratta (Rasna) Pluchea lanceolata 1 part
4 Pulukum
(Gandhamarjara
virya)
Caveat cat semen 1part
5 Ayaskanta bhasma Iron calx 1 part
6 Indu (karpura) Cinnamomum camphora 1 part
7 Jatiphala Myristica fragrans 1 part
8 Kshara dvaya Swarjika and yava kshara 1 part each (total 2)
9 Haritaki Terminalia chebula 1 part
10 Vibhitaki Terminalia bellerica 1 part
11 Aamlaki Emblica officinalis 1 part
66. Contents cont...
S. No. NAME BOTANICAL NAME/ENGLISH
NAME
QUANTITY
12 Ela Elettaria cardamomum 1 part
13 Tvak Cinnamomum verum 1 part
14 Tejapatra Cinnamomum tamala 1 part
15 Hiravi (kankustha) Garcinia morella 1 part
16 Sveta jeeraka Cuminum cyminum 1 part
17 Krishna jeeraka Carum carvi 1 part
18 Dipyankam Apium graveolens 1 part
19 Agaragrahi
(Akarakarabha)
Anacyclus pyrethrum 1 part
20 Shatapushpa Anthenum sowa 1 part
21 Yastimadhu Glycyrrhiza glabra 1 part
22 Karayampu
(lavanga)
Syzygium aromaticum 1 part
23 Kavi Purified red ochre 1 part
67. Contents cont...
S. No. NAME BOTANICAL NAME/ENGLISH
NAME
QUANTITY
24 Toyam * Coleus vettiveroides 1 part
25 Rasa sindura Red sulphide of mercury 1 part
26 Paranki Clerodendrum serratum 1 part
27 Pasupashi Myristica malabarica 1 part
28 Chandana Santalum album 1 part
29 Vacha Acorus calamus 1 part
30 Chinoshana Piper cubeba 1 part
31 Sunthi Zingiber officinale 1 part
32 Maricha Piper nigrum 1 part
33 Pippali Piper longum 1 part
34 Ponkaram Purified borax 1 part
35 Anjana (nilanjana) Purified galena 1 part
36 Shuddha
vatsnabha
Aconitum ferox 1 part
68. Contents cont...
S. No. NAME BOTANICAL NAME/ENGLISH
NAME
QUANTITY
37 Mayonala Purified realgar 1 part
38 Asali Lepidium sativum 1 part
39 Chaliyam Purified cinnabar 1 part
*In some text Toyam rasam is take as single drug by name
Musta (Cyperus rotundus).
Bhavana (trituration)- pills of 1 gunja (125 mg) are prepared by
using
•Salila (water)
•Paya (milk)
•Bhringaraja swarasa (Eclipta alba)
Dose- 1 gunja bid with jeeraka (cumin seeds) kashaya.
Indications- Vata roga.
70. Pharmacological aspects
Contents-
S. No. NAME BOTANICAL NAME/ENGLISH
NAME
QUANTITY
1 Neem seed
kernel
Azadirachta indica 2 tola (24 gm)
2 Bakayan seed
kernel
Melia azedarach 2 tola (24 gm)
3 Khoon Kharaba Daemonorops Draco (Dragon’s
Blood Resin)
2 tola (24 gm)
4 Trinkant Mani
Pishti
Amber of Succinite 1 tola (12 gm)
5 Rasanjana Berberis aristata ext. 6 tola (72 gm)
71. Cont...
Procedure-
•Make a fine powder of Neem and Bakayana seed kernels.
•Now, mix all ingredients. Pestle the ingredients in a mortar to
make a homogenous mixture then make tablets of each 3 ratti
each (375 gm).
Dose- 2 tablets t.i.d. or 2 q.i.d.
Anupana- normal water
Indications- sushka and rakta arsha (non-bleeding and non-
bleeding piles).
72. REFERENCES
•Sharangdhara Samhita of Acharya Sharangdhara, with Deepika Hindi
Commentary by Dr. Brahamanand Tripathi, Chaukhambha Surabharati Prakashan,
Varanasi, Reprint edition, 2007.
•Siddha Yoga Sangraha by Acharya Yadav ji Trikam ji, Baidyanath Ayurveda
Bhavana limited, edition 2013.
•Bhavaprakasha Nighantu of Acharya Bhava Mishra, with Hindi commentary by
Prof. K.C. Chunekar, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi, Reprint edition,
2013.
•Yogaratnakara, with Vaidya Prabha Hindi Commentary, by Dr. Indradeva Tripathi,
Chowkhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, 3rd edition, 2011.
•Bhaishajya Ratnavali of Acharya Govind Das, edited by Pt. Lalchandra Vaidya,
Motilal Banrasidas, Delhi, 8th edition, 1970.
•Bharat Bhaishajya Ratnakara by Shri Nagindas Chaganlaal Shah Rasa Vaidya, New
Delhi, Reprint edition 2012.
•Sahasrayogam, Text with English Translation by Dr. K. Nishteswar and Dr. R.
Vidyanath, Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series Office, Varanasi, 4th edition, 2014.
73. REFERENCES Cont...
•Chakradatta by Acharya Chakrapani, Translated by Pt. Jagannatha Sharma
Bajpeyee, Khemraja Shri Krishnadasa Prakasana, Mumbai, 4th edition, 2006.
•Charaka Samhita of Acharya Agnivesa, Revised by Charaka and Drinabala,
Vidhtyotni Hindi Commentary by Pt. Kashinath Shastri, Chaukhambha Bharati
Academy, Varanasi, Reprint edition 2011.
•Rasa Ratna Samucchaya of Acharya Vagbhata, Ratnaprabha Hindi Commentary
by Indra Deva Tripathi, Chaukhambha Sanskrit sansthan, Varanasi, Reprint edition,
2013.
SPECIAL THANKS TO-
•Bhaishajya Kalpana Vijnanam by Dr. K. Ram Chandra Reddy, Chaukhambha
Sankrit Bhawan, Varanasi, 4th edition, 2014
•A text Book of Bhaishajya Kalpana Vijana by Dr. Ravindra Angadi, Chaukhambha
Surbharti Prakashan, Varanasi, Reprint edition, 2018.