Ultrafor - Guarantee the water quality beyond the highest standardsDegrémont
The document discusses UltraforTM, a wastewater treatment system using hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes. It faces increasingly stringent standards for wastewater discharge and reuse. UltraforTM combines biological treatment with membrane filtration for compact, high-quality treatment. It guarantees effluent quality through membrane aeration and backflushing. Case studies demonstrate its use in plants in France and Morocco.
Meteor MBBR - Complete treatment of wastewater with a very compact footprintDegrémont
The document summarizes the MeteorTM-MBBR wastewater treatment system. It uses moving bed biofilm reactors to biologically treat wastewater with a compact footprint. Microorganisms grow as biofilm on media in the reactors. There are at least two treatment zones to remove carbon and nitrogen. Effluent is then sent to high-speed flotation or filtration for separation. The system offers flexible and efficient treatment to meet various standards with modular components and media tailored for each application. It has been used successfully in several municipal wastewater treatment projects worldwide.
Compakblue - Wastewater reuse in a compact treatment solutionDegrémont
The document describes CompakblueTM, a disk filtration system for wastewater reuse applications. It comes in two versions: cloth filtration using fabric disks, and μ-strainer filtration using perforated disks. CompakblueTM filters provide tertiary treatment to reduce suspended solids below 10-6 ppm. Case studies show installations in France treating up to 30,000 people effectively and safely for wastewater reuse.
Azurair B-Twin - Odor pollution control with a sustainable development approachDegrémont
The document describes the AzurairTM B-Twin biological air treatment system. It uses two sequential biofilters - an acid pH tower to eliminate hydrogen sulfide followed by a neutral pH tower to remove mercaptans. This two-stage biological process can remove over 95% of hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans from air streams. The document provides an example of its use to treat odors from a wastewater treatment plant in France, eliminating over 94% of hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans from the air exhaust.
Improving Advanced Lithography Process Defectivity with a Highly Retentive 5n...Entegris
Semiconductors require ever increasing purity in fluids that come in contact with the devices to reduce the defectivity during the manufacturing process. Defect control is extremely critical and continues to be one of biggest challenges in lithography processes for integrated device manufacturers (IDMs) as the critical dimension (CD) size shrinks [1]. Any defect could result in an unusable device, resulting in a financial loss for the IDMs. Particularly in 193nm lithography processes, there have been widespread occurrences of various defects in the coated films, and many factors could play a role in defect formation. For example, photoresist and BARC coating defects could be affected by the dispense process, cleanliness of the materials, and filtration process.
Particle removal filters are used in almost every process step where a liquid comes in contact with a wafer. Implementation of polymer membrane-based microfiltration in the photochemical manufacturing process effectively improves the cleanliness of the materials. Furthermore, in today’s state-of-the art semiconductor fabs, an extra filtration step at the point of dispense on the coater module is adopted to further minimize coating defects by providing particle/bubble-free photochemical dispense on the wafer.
With the continuous demands for defect reduction and high productivity, Entegris has developed a new, highly retentive 5nm rated asymmetric ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UPE) filter to address these demands particularly in advanced lithography processes. The purpose of this application note is to provide data to show the performance of 5nm asymmetric UPE filters and its effectiveness of reducing the wafer defects for various lithographic processes.
3D-packaging technology is a cost-competitive solution to manage the increasingly limited \'real estate\' available in consumer applications. One major challenge is through silicon via (TSV) formation using the Bosch process. The alternating and repeated use of etching and passivation chemistries poses various challenges to photoresist design, such as excellent resolution, vertical profiles, high etch resistance, and simple removal. We discuss lithographic properties and performance of a new negative resist concept designed for full compatibility with the Bosch process with excellent coating uniformity over a film thickness range from < 10 to > 120 um and aspect ratios exceeding 5:1. The material combines short process times with excellent etch resistance and residue-free removal with standard strippers, thus facilitating the most challenging process of advanced 3D-packaging concepts.
The document provides information about Dow Corning Metal Protective Coating, a transparent, dry, wax-like coating that protects metal parts from corrosion. It can be used to protect high-value metal parts during production, storage, and shipment, especially in humid or corrosive environments. The coating prevents corrosion, has good lubricating properties, and does not typically need to be removed before further processing. It can be applied by dipping, spraying, or brushing and builds up protection through multiple thin coats.
Nanofibers of aluminum oxide
Nafen is a new material consisting of aluminum oxide nanofibers with gamma and chi crystal phases. It has fiber diameters of 7-10 nm or 30-40 nm, lengths up to 150 mm, and a specific surface area of 155 m2/g. Nafen is produced via a continuous process that yields over 0.5 kg/hour. TEM images show the fine fiber structure and high length-to-diameter ratio. The fibers are co-aligned in blocks up to 50x50x15 cm with a bulk density of 0.1-0.4 g/cm3. Analysis confirms the gamma and chi phases of polycrystalline
Ultrafor - Guarantee the water quality beyond the highest standardsDegrémont
The document discusses UltraforTM, a wastewater treatment system using hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes. It faces increasingly stringent standards for wastewater discharge and reuse. UltraforTM combines biological treatment with membrane filtration for compact, high-quality treatment. It guarantees effluent quality through membrane aeration and backflushing. Case studies demonstrate its use in plants in France and Morocco.
Meteor MBBR - Complete treatment of wastewater with a very compact footprintDegrémont
The document summarizes the MeteorTM-MBBR wastewater treatment system. It uses moving bed biofilm reactors to biologically treat wastewater with a compact footprint. Microorganisms grow as biofilm on media in the reactors. There are at least two treatment zones to remove carbon and nitrogen. Effluent is then sent to high-speed flotation or filtration for separation. The system offers flexible and efficient treatment to meet various standards with modular components and media tailored for each application. It has been used successfully in several municipal wastewater treatment projects worldwide.
Compakblue - Wastewater reuse in a compact treatment solutionDegrémont
The document describes CompakblueTM, a disk filtration system for wastewater reuse applications. It comes in two versions: cloth filtration using fabric disks, and μ-strainer filtration using perforated disks. CompakblueTM filters provide tertiary treatment to reduce suspended solids below 10-6 ppm. Case studies show installations in France treating up to 30,000 people effectively and safely for wastewater reuse.
Azurair B-Twin - Odor pollution control with a sustainable development approachDegrémont
The document describes the AzurairTM B-Twin biological air treatment system. It uses two sequential biofilters - an acid pH tower to eliminate hydrogen sulfide followed by a neutral pH tower to remove mercaptans. This two-stage biological process can remove over 95% of hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans from air streams. The document provides an example of its use to treat odors from a wastewater treatment plant in France, eliminating over 94% of hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans from the air exhaust.
Improving Advanced Lithography Process Defectivity with a Highly Retentive 5n...Entegris
Semiconductors require ever increasing purity in fluids that come in contact with the devices to reduce the defectivity during the manufacturing process. Defect control is extremely critical and continues to be one of biggest challenges in lithography processes for integrated device manufacturers (IDMs) as the critical dimension (CD) size shrinks [1]. Any defect could result in an unusable device, resulting in a financial loss for the IDMs. Particularly in 193nm lithography processes, there have been widespread occurrences of various defects in the coated films, and many factors could play a role in defect formation. For example, photoresist and BARC coating defects could be affected by the dispense process, cleanliness of the materials, and filtration process.
Particle removal filters are used in almost every process step where a liquid comes in contact with a wafer. Implementation of polymer membrane-based microfiltration in the photochemical manufacturing process effectively improves the cleanliness of the materials. Furthermore, in today’s state-of-the art semiconductor fabs, an extra filtration step at the point of dispense on the coater module is adopted to further minimize coating defects by providing particle/bubble-free photochemical dispense on the wafer.
With the continuous demands for defect reduction and high productivity, Entegris has developed a new, highly retentive 5nm rated asymmetric ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UPE) filter to address these demands particularly in advanced lithography processes. The purpose of this application note is to provide data to show the performance of 5nm asymmetric UPE filters and its effectiveness of reducing the wafer defects for various lithographic processes.
3D-packaging technology is a cost-competitive solution to manage the increasingly limited \'real estate\' available in consumer applications. One major challenge is through silicon via (TSV) formation using the Bosch process. The alternating and repeated use of etching and passivation chemistries poses various challenges to photoresist design, such as excellent resolution, vertical profiles, high etch resistance, and simple removal. We discuss lithographic properties and performance of a new negative resist concept designed for full compatibility with the Bosch process with excellent coating uniformity over a film thickness range from < 10 to > 120 um and aspect ratios exceeding 5:1. The material combines short process times with excellent etch resistance and residue-free removal with standard strippers, thus facilitating the most challenging process of advanced 3D-packaging concepts.
The document provides information about Dow Corning Metal Protective Coating, a transparent, dry, wax-like coating that protects metal parts from corrosion. It can be used to protect high-value metal parts during production, storage, and shipment, especially in humid or corrosive environments. The coating prevents corrosion, has good lubricating properties, and does not typically need to be removed before further processing. It can be applied by dipping, spraying, or brushing and builds up protection through multiple thin coats.
Nanofibers of aluminum oxide
Nafen is a new material consisting of aluminum oxide nanofibers with gamma and chi crystal phases. It has fiber diameters of 7-10 nm or 30-40 nm, lengths up to 150 mm, and a specific surface area of 155 m2/g. Nafen is produced via a continuous process that yields over 0.5 kg/hour. TEM images show the fine fiber structure and high length-to-diameter ratio. The fibers are co-aligned in blocks up to 50x50x15 cm with a bulk density of 0.1-0.4 g/cm3. Analysis confirms the gamma and chi phases of polycrystalline
The document discusses future trends in automotive coatings. It describes the evolution of coating systems from the 1970s to present day and projections to 2020. Compact coating processes are highlighted as market drivers to reduce cost and improve durability, environment, and sustainability. Examples of waterborne compact processes using B1/B2 layering or 3C1B configurations are presented. The premium compact process is identified as a best practice approach, providing appearance of full systems while improving economy and ecology. The future of coatings is said to involve fusion layer substrates, alternative pretreatment technologies, and multi-substrate capabilities.
Developments in clear high barrier packagingnattapol76
The document discusses developments in clear, high barrier packaging materials. It provides information on various barrier films and coatings, including their thickness, moisture vapor transmission rate, oxygen transmission rate, thermoformability, and whether they can withstand autoclaving or retort processes. Common barrier materials discussed include EVOH, polyvinylidene chloride, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, and aluminum foil. The document serves to educate attendees on the barrier properties and characteristics of materials that can provide clarity and high barrier performance for packaging applications.
This document summarizes a study on the preparation, characterization, and application of polyvinylidene fluoride-polystyrene (PVDF/PS) ultrafiltration membranes. The membranes were prepared using a phase inversion technique with PVDF and PS polymers and the additive polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP). The effects of PS composition and PVP concentration on membrane properties like shrinkage ratio, water flux, water content, and porosity were analyzed. Membranes with higher PS and PVP showed lower shrinkage ratio but higher water flux, water content, and porosity. The PVDF/PS membranes were also able to effectively separate heavy metal ions like zinc and copper from water streams.
This document summarizes various chemical products used in textile processing and their functions. It includes wetting agents, alkali neutralizers, cationizing agents, desizing agents, lubricants, back stain preventors, and antipil & antislip agents. The products are categorized by their function and include information on their ionicity, what textile processes they are used for, and their key benefits.
NanoMas Technologies produces silver and other metal nanoparticles using a patented process suitable for large-scale production. Their nanoparticles can be formulated into inks for various printing methods like gravure, inkjet, and aerosol jet printing to produce conductive patterns on flexible substrates. These patterns can be sintered at low temperatures below 180°C to achieve high conductivity comparable to pure metals. Applications demonstrated include solar cell metallization, printed sensors, and organic thin-film transistors.
The document discusses cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), a new family of thermoplastic materials produced by TOPAS. Some key points:
- TOPAS has a large-scale production facility capable of producing 30,000 tons/year of COC, making it the largest in the world.
- COC has properties like clarity, chemical resistance, and high moisture and gas barriers that make it suitable for food and medical packaging/devices.
- It is FDA approved for food contact and meets regulatory requirements for medical use.
- COC can be enhanced for customized barrier and mechanical properties and blended with polymers like polyethylene for film applications.
Topas® cyclic olefin copolymers (COC) provide high aroma barriers and low extractables, making them suitable for food packaging applications. COC has better barrier properties than polyethylene, reducing aroma/flavor loss and objectionable odor transmission. COC also has significantly lower extractable oligomers and other components compared to LLDPE, reducing the risk of off-tastes in foods. Ticona produces COC on a large scale, enabling its cost-competitive use in packaging.
This document provides information about specialty chemicals and chromatography products from GFS Chemicals, including silicas, ion exchange resins, desiccants, and other reagents. It highlights customized silica products from Diazem Corporation that can modify silica surfaces to enable separations not possible with standard silica. Diazem's new chelation technology can remove metal cations and anions from liquid streams, with applications in removing contaminants from industrial processes, wastewater, and drinking water.
Designing polymer surfaces via vapor depositionPaula Antunes
This document summarizes chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods for depositing thin polymer films. CVD involves evaporating monomers under vacuum and depositing the polymer film on a substrate. CVD allows conformal coatings on complex substrates and control over film properties. Applications include surface modification, microsensors, controlled release coatings, and responsive layers for chemical/biological detection.
The document discusses membrane bioreactors (MBRs), which combine a biological wastewater treatment process with a membrane filtration system. Some key points:
- MBRs can achieve very high quality effluent with low levels of BOD, TSS, turbidity, and complete removal of viruses. They also have significant nutrient removal capabilities.
- MBRs have configurations using multi-tube, hollow fiber, or flat sheet membranes. Submerged and external membrane configurations are common.
- MBRs provide advantages over conventional wastewater treatment such as higher loading rates and more compact system sizes while producing very high quality effluent. However, they also have higher capital and operating costs due to
This document provides an overview of membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems for wastewater treatment. MBR systems combine a suspended growth bioreactor with solids removal via microfiltration membranes. This allows for higher biomass concentrations and smaller footprint than conventional activated sludge. The membranes can achieve high removal of contaminants and replace secondary clarifiers. While MBRs have higher capital and operating costs, they offer benefits of better effluent quality, smaller space requirements, and easier automation.
This document summarizes a study on more environmentally friendly wood preservatives and coatings. Researchers tested boron silicates, copperazole, and CCA preservatives as well as varnish, stain, and dye coatings on radiata pine wood. Boron silicates and copperazole showed higher retention rates and less corrosion than CCA. Stain coatings performed best and had lower costs than varnish. Treatment costs were similar for boron silicate and copperazole wood coated with stain, providing environmentally-friendly and cost-effective wood protection alternatives.
Novel electrospun funtionalized nanofibers based on biopolymersSergio Torres-Giner
Electrospinning is a novel method for producing nanofibers from polymers through the application of a strong electrostatic field. It can produce fibers less than 100 nm in diameter from natural polymers like proteins and polysaccharides by optimizing process parameters. These electrospun nanofiber mats have high surface area and porosity, and exhibit improved thermal and mechanical properties compared to conventional films. They show potential for applications in food packaging, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and other industrial sectors by incorporating biological, mineral, or therapeutic compounds within the nanofibers.
Fiber lasers and FDA-approved laser additives now enable superior inkless laser marking of plastics. Breakthrough additives optimize laser marking quality, speed, and cost savings for plastics like PET, polycarbonate, and nylon. Nanosecond ytterbium fiber lasers precisely control laser energy input for high-quality marking without damage. This allows in-line, on-the-fly laser marking to replace traditional rotary gravure and pad printing at speeds up to 2000 pieces/minute.
This document discusses the application of carbon nanotubes in plastics. It describes how carbon nanotubes have extraordinary mechanical and thermal properties like high strength, stiffness, and thermal conductivity. It then explains how Bayer MaterialScience produces multi-walled carbon nanotube agglomerates called Baytubes through a catalytic chemical vapor deposition process at large scale. These Baytubes have very high purity and can enable new applications in conductive polymers, composites, coatings and other materials.
This document summarizes the key details of the Para Premium 900 Series Interior Water-based Paint in the Flat Finish. It is a water-based, low-lustre interior paint with great hiding power and a non-yellowing formula. The paint dries rapidly, has low odor, and complies with Canadian VOC standards. It is suitable for walls in living rooms, dining rooms and bedrooms and can be used for new work or maintenance on surfaces previously painted with water-based or solvent-based paint. Thorough surface preparation is required prior to application.
This document discusses water treatment and recycling solutions to address India's growing water needs. It notes that only 35% of sewage water in major Indian cities is currently treated. It then provides details on Enzotech's patented bio-tech water treatment process and packaged plants. Their process uses specialized bacteria and enzymes to effectively treat sewage with minimal sludge generation and power consumption. Enzotech has over 125 installations across India and Africa treating water volumes from 10 KLD to 450 KLD.
VEM is an ISO 9001 certified company that offers complete production plants and know-how for manufacturing GRP pipes, GRE pipes, tanks, poles, and cylinders. They provide product sales consulting, supply of production plants and equipment, license agreements, installation and training services, and post-sales assistance to help customers with composites manufacturing. VEM is working to develop more sustainable solutions through new bio-based resins, pollution prevention technologies, and optimization of their lamination processes to reduce energy usage and waste.
This document discusses the potential for nanomaterials as functional colorants and describes some examples. [1] Nanoparticles like gold and silver can impart color and additional properties when incorporated into materials like textiles. [2] Single-walled carbon nanotubes can be used to make conductive and stretchable textiles for electronic applications. [3] Titanium dioxide nanoparticles allow surfaces to gain self-cleaning and air-purifying properties from photocatalysis when exposed to UV light.
The document summarizes research being conducted at the Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory (BSEL) on developing ex-vivo three-dimensional models of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) using polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) scaffolds. The research aims to fabricate novel porous 3D scaffolds over 2mm thick using solvent casting and particulate leaching techniques. It will characterize the physico-chemical properties of the scaffolds and evaluate their potential as tissue engineering scaffolds. Initial results show that higher polymer concentrations produced thicker scaffolds and conductivity measurements confirmed efficient salt leaching from the scaffolds.
Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) Technology for Decentralized Wastewater SystemsBuzzards Bay Coalition
A presentation about membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology for on-site wastewater systems. Presented by Michael Moreau from J&R Sales and Service during the Buzzards Bay Coalition's 2011 Decision Makers Workshop series. Learn more at www.savebuzzardsbay.org/DecisionMakers
Ultrablue Smartrack - Increase reuse plant scalability with interchangeable u...Degrémont
UltrablueTM SmartrackTM is an ultrafiltration system with interchangeable membrane modules that provides scalable water reuse solutions. It uses out/in ultrafiltration modules that can be from different suppliers. This allows continuous scalability of treatment plants and optimization of renewal costs. UltrablueTM SmartrackTM guarantees safety, health, and fast, reliable delivery through bacteriological removal and interchangeable modular design.
The document discusses future trends in automotive coatings. It describes the evolution of coating systems from the 1970s to present day and projections to 2020. Compact coating processes are highlighted as market drivers to reduce cost and improve durability, environment, and sustainability. Examples of waterborne compact processes using B1/B2 layering or 3C1B configurations are presented. The premium compact process is identified as a best practice approach, providing appearance of full systems while improving economy and ecology. The future of coatings is said to involve fusion layer substrates, alternative pretreatment technologies, and multi-substrate capabilities.
Developments in clear high barrier packagingnattapol76
The document discusses developments in clear, high barrier packaging materials. It provides information on various barrier films and coatings, including their thickness, moisture vapor transmission rate, oxygen transmission rate, thermoformability, and whether they can withstand autoclaving or retort processes. Common barrier materials discussed include EVOH, polyvinylidene chloride, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, and aluminum foil. The document serves to educate attendees on the barrier properties and characteristics of materials that can provide clarity and high barrier performance for packaging applications.
This document summarizes a study on the preparation, characterization, and application of polyvinylidene fluoride-polystyrene (PVDF/PS) ultrafiltration membranes. The membranes were prepared using a phase inversion technique with PVDF and PS polymers and the additive polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP). The effects of PS composition and PVP concentration on membrane properties like shrinkage ratio, water flux, water content, and porosity were analyzed. Membranes with higher PS and PVP showed lower shrinkage ratio but higher water flux, water content, and porosity. The PVDF/PS membranes were also able to effectively separate heavy metal ions like zinc and copper from water streams.
This document summarizes various chemical products used in textile processing and their functions. It includes wetting agents, alkali neutralizers, cationizing agents, desizing agents, lubricants, back stain preventors, and antipil & antislip agents. The products are categorized by their function and include information on their ionicity, what textile processes they are used for, and their key benefits.
NanoMas Technologies produces silver and other metal nanoparticles using a patented process suitable for large-scale production. Their nanoparticles can be formulated into inks for various printing methods like gravure, inkjet, and aerosol jet printing to produce conductive patterns on flexible substrates. These patterns can be sintered at low temperatures below 180°C to achieve high conductivity comparable to pure metals. Applications demonstrated include solar cell metallization, printed sensors, and organic thin-film transistors.
The document discusses cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), a new family of thermoplastic materials produced by TOPAS. Some key points:
- TOPAS has a large-scale production facility capable of producing 30,000 tons/year of COC, making it the largest in the world.
- COC has properties like clarity, chemical resistance, and high moisture and gas barriers that make it suitable for food and medical packaging/devices.
- It is FDA approved for food contact and meets regulatory requirements for medical use.
- COC can be enhanced for customized barrier and mechanical properties and blended with polymers like polyethylene for film applications.
Topas® cyclic olefin copolymers (COC) provide high aroma barriers and low extractables, making them suitable for food packaging applications. COC has better barrier properties than polyethylene, reducing aroma/flavor loss and objectionable odor transmission. COC also has significantly lower extractable oligomers and other components compared to LLDPE, reducing the risk of off-tastes in foods. Ticona produces COC on a large scale, enabling its cost-competitive use in packaging.
This document provides information about specialty chemicals and chromatography products from GFS Chemicals, including silicas, ion exchange resins, desiccants, and other reagents. It highlights customized silica products from Diazem Corporation that can modify silica surfaces to enable separations not possible with standard silica. Diazem's new chelation technology can remove metal cations and anions from liquid streams, with applications in removing contaminants from industrial processes, wastewater, and drinking water.
Designing polymer surfaces via vapor depositionPaula Antunes
This document summarizes chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods for depositing thin polymer films. CVD involves evaporating monomers under vacuum and depositing the polymer film on a substrate. CVD allows conformal coatings on complex substrates and control over film properties. Applications include surface modification, microsensors, controlled release coatings, and responsive layers for chemical/biological detection.
The document discusses membrane bioreactors (MBRs), which combine a biological wastewater treatment process with a membrane filtration system. Some key points:
- MBRs can achieve very high quality effluent with low levels of BOD, TSS, turbidity, and complete removal of viruses. They also have significant nutrient removal capabilities.
- MBRs have configurations using multi-tube, hollow fiber, or flat sheet membranes. Submerged and external membrane configurations are common.
- MBRs provide advantages over conventional wastewater treatment such as higher loading rates and more compact system sizes while producing very high quality effluent. However, they also have higher capital and operating costs due to
This document provides an overview of membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems for wastewater treatment. MBR systems combine a suspended growth bioreactor with solids removal via microfiltration membranes. This allows for higher biomass concentrations and smaller footprint than conventional activated sludge. The membranes can achieve high removal of contaminants and replace secondary clarifiers. While MBRs have higher capital and operating costs, they offer benefits of better effluent quality, smaller space requirements, and easier automation.
This document summarizes a study on more environmentally friendly wood preservatives and coatings. Researchers tested boron silicates, copperazole, and CCA preservatives as well as varnish, stain, and dye coatings on radiata pine wood. Boron silicates and copperazole showed higher retention rates and less corrosion than CCA. Stain coatings performed best and had lower costs than varnish. Treatment costs were similar for boron silicate and copperazole wood coated with stain, providing environmentally-friendly and cost-effective wood protection alternatives.
Novel electrospun funtionalized nanofibers based on biopolymersSergio Torres-Giner
Electrospinning is a novel method for producing nanofibers from polymers through the application of a strong electrostatic field. It can produce fibers less than 100 nm in diameter from natural polymers like proteins and polysaccharides by optimizing process parameters. These electrospun nanofiber mats have high surface area and porosity, and exhibit improved thermal and mechanical properties compared to conventional films. They show potential for applications in food packaging, drug delivery, tissue engineering, and other industrial sectors by incorporating biological, mineral, or therapeutic compounds within the nanofibers.
Fiber lasers and FDA-approved laser additives now enable superior inkless laser marking of plastics. Breakthrough additives optimize laser marking quality, speed, and cost savings for plastics like PET, polycarbonate, and nylon. Nanosecond ytterbium fiber lasers precisely control laser energy input for high-quality marking without damage. This allows in-line, on-the-fly laser marking to replace traditional rotary gravure and pad printing at speeds up to 2000 pieces/minute.
This document discusses the application of carbon nanotubes in plastics. It describes how carbon nanotubes have extraordinary mechanical and thermal properties like high strength, stiffness, and thermal conductivity. It then explains how Bayer MaterialScience produces multi-walled carbon nanotube agglomerates called Baytubes through a catalytic chemical vapor deposition process at large scale. These Baytubes have very high purity and can enable new applications in conductive polymers, composites, coatings and other materials.
This document summarizes the key details of the Para Premium 900 Series Interior Water-based Paint in the Flat Finish. It is a water-based, low-lustre interior paint with great hiding power and a non-yellowing formula. The paint dries rapidly, has low odor, and complies with Canadian VOC standards. It is suitable for walls in living rooms, dining rooms and bedrooms and can be used for new work or maintenance on surfaces previously painted with water-based or solvent-based paint. Thorough surface preparation is required prior to application.
This document discusses water treatment and recycling solutions to address India's growing water needs. It notes that only 35% of sewage water in major Indian cities is currently treated. It then provides details on Enzotech's patented bio-tech water treatment process and packaged plants. Their process uses specialized bacteria and enzymes to effectively treat sewage with minimal sludge generation and power consumption. Enzotech has over 125 installations across India and Africa treating water volumes from 10 KLD to 450 KLD.
VEM is an ISO 9001 certified company that offers complete production plants and know-how for manufacturing GRP pipes, GRE pipes, tanks, poles, and cylinders. They provide product sales consulting, supply of production plants and equipment, license agreements, installation and training services, and post-sales assistance to help customers with composites manufacturing. VEM is working to develop more sustainable solutions through new bio-based resins, pollution prevention technologies, and optimization of their lamination processes to reduce energy usage and waste.
This document discusses the potential for nanomaterials as functional colorants and describes some examples. [1] Nanoparticles like gold and silver can impart color and additional properties when incorporated into materials like textiles. [2] Single-walled carbon nanotubes can be used to make conductive and stretchable textiles for electronic applications. [3] Titanium dioxide nanoparticles allow surfaces to gain self-cleaning and air-purifying properties from photocatalysis when exposed to UV light.
The document summarizes research being conducted at the Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory (BSEL) on developing ex-vivo three-dimensional models of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) using polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) scaffolds. The research aims to fabricate novel porous 3D scaffolds over 2mm thick using solvent casting and particulate leaching techniques. It will characterize the physico-chemical properties of the scaffolds and evaluate their potential as tissue engineering scaffolds. Initial results show that higher polymer concentrations produced thicker scaffolds and conductivity measurements confirmed efficient salt leaching from the scaffolds.
Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) Technology for Decentralized Wastewater SystemsBuzzards Bay Coalition
A presentation about membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology for on-site wastewater systems. Presented by Michael Moreau from J&R Sales and Service during the Buzzards Bay Coalition's 2011 Decision Makers Workshop series. Learn more at www.savebuzzardsbay.org/DecisionMakers
Ultrablue Smartrack - Increase reuse plant scalability with interchangeable u...Degrémont
UltrablueTM SmartrackTM is an ultrafiltration system with interchangeable membrane modules that provides scalable water reuse solutions. It uses out/in ultrafiltration modules that can be from different suppliers. This allows continuous scalability of treatment plants and optimization of renewal costs. UltrablueTM SmartrackTM guarantees safety, health, and fast, reliable delivery through bacteriological removal and interchangeable modular design.
Meteor IFAS - Remove carbon and nitrogen wastewater using a very compact solu...Degrémont
The document discusses the MeteorTM-IFAS system for biologically treating wastewater. [1] MeteorTM-IFAS uses a combination of suspended growth activated sludge and attached biofilm growth on movable carriers to remove carbon and nitrogen from wastewater. [2] It operates using two types of biomass - flocculated biomass and attached biomass - within the same reactor. [3] A case study highlights how MeteorTM-IFAS was used to rehabilitate a wastewater treatment plant in Groton, Connecticut to help it meet more stringent discharge limits.
Chapter 2. Membrane technologies for Industrial Wastewaters Treatment.pptSophieLv2
This document discusses membrane technologies for industrial wastewater treatment. It begins with an introduction to membrane technology and its advantages over conventional treatment methods. It then classifies and describes various membrane types including electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, microfiltration, and ultrafiltration. For each membrane type, the document discusses driving forces, separation mechanisms, applications, and effectiveness. The overall document provides an overview of different membrane technologies and their use in treating industrial wastewater.
Urban wastewater is usually treated using conventional activated sludge processes, which involve bacteria breaking down pollutants. Membrane bioreactors improve on this by using a membrane to filter out bacteria instead of gravitational settling. This allows for higher concentrations of bacteria and produces very high quality treated water that can be reused. Membrane bioreactors have several advantages over conventional treatment, including more compact systems and better treatment, but also have higher costs and challenges with membrane fouling.
REMOVAL OF CHROMIUM FROM WASTEWATER USING MEMBRANE SEPARATIONPratiksha Patil
This document discusses various membrane processes for treating chromium wastewater, including ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), and reverse osmosis (RO). UF uses larger pore membranes and works best for removing suspended solids. NF has smaller pores and can remove ions like chromium above 95% efficiency. RO has the smallest pores and highest rejection rates of over 97% but requires the highest pressures. Each process has advantages and limitations based on efficiency, energy usage, and cost. A case study showed NF effectively separated chromium from wastewater across a range of concentrations and pressures. Membrane separation is an effective and economical option for treating heavy metal pollution in wastewater.
The document provides information about Enzotech, a company that manufactures packaged sewage treatment plants (STPs) using a patented technology. It summarizes that Enzotech offers STPs from 5,000 liters per day to 500,000 liters per day capacity using fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) and civil construction. The key features highlighted are effective treatment, low operation and maintenance costs, compact design requiring less space, and producing reusable treated water.
MBR basics have not changed in the last 10 years but the industry landscape is nearly unrecognizable. With so many manufacturers flooding the market what will 2025 look like?
Containerized Membrane BioReactor Wastewater Treatment System (MBR-C)Pure Aqua, Inc.
Membrane bioreactor MBR systems for sewage and Municipal wastewater treatment (Alternative to activated sludge process) for high quality water with small footprint
The document provides information on SAS's water and wastewater treatment systems and equipment. It describes typical flows and composition of untreated domestic wastewater. It then covers various unit treatment processes used at wastewater treatment plants including screens, pumps, equalization tanks, aeration, the Integrated Bio Active Clarifier (IBAC) system, filtration, disinfection, biosolids treatment, automation, and field instruments. The IBAC is presented as an innovative more compact alternative to conventional activated sludge plants that uses less energy and produces less sludge.
This document provides an overview of membrane bioreactors (MBR) for wastewater treatment. It discusses the working principles of MBRs, which integrate a semipermeable membrane with a biological treatment process. MBRs can be configured internally, with membranes submerged in the bioreactor, or externally, with separate membrane units. The document outlines various design considerations for MBRs, including pretreatment, membrane types, and filtration modes. It also examines MBR applications for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment.
Cynara provides membrane separation systems for removing CO2 from natural gas and other acid gases. They have the largest installed base worldwide, with operating facilities in several countries. Their hollow fiber membrane modules maximize surface area for efficient gas separation. Cynara's extensive experience ensures customers receive customized, reliable solutions for enhanced acid gas removal.
Utilizing Tubular UF Membrane Filtration for Wastewater ReuseBerghof Membranes
Water is a valuable asset to any industry. Implementing an efficient wastewater reuse and treatment system will lower the dependency on fresh water sources.
This document summarizes the preparation, characterization, and application of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes. It discusses that UF membranes are used to separate macromolecules and suspended solids from water and other liquids. The key materials used for UF membrane preparation are polysulfone, polyacrylonitrile, cellulose acetate, and aromatic polyamides. Membranes are typically prepared using the phase inversion method, which involves transforming a polymer solution into a solid membrane through controlled liquid-liquid demixing and solidification. The document also outlines various characterization techniques and applications of UF membranes in areas like protein separation and wastewater treatment.
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Membrane bioreactor (MBR) is the combination of a membrane process like microfiltration or ultrafiltration with a suspended growth bioreactor, and is now widely used for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment.
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This document discusses membrane bioreactor technology for wastewater treatment. It provides an introduction to conventional activated sludge processes and explains how membrane bioreactors improve upon these by using a membrane to separate biomass from treated water, producing a higher quality effluent. The document describes the key components of MBR systems, including the membrane and two main process configurations. It outlines the working theory and highlights advantages such as excellent effluent quality, compact size, and higher nitrogen removal compared to other treatment methods. Potential drawbacks around fouling and higher costs are also noted.
1) The document discusses using graphene oxide nanoplatelets to coat hollow fiber membranes used in membrane bioreactors to treat water.
2) Experiments showed that coating membranes with about two grams of graphene oxide improved water flux the most by reducing fouling. Further exposing the graphene oxide coating to UV light improved water flux even more.
3) Testing the coated membranes with various foulants like proteins and salts found in wastewater, as well as sewage water, demonstrated that the graphene oxide coatings decreased the loss of water flux over time and reduced the pressure needed for filtration compared to uncoated membranes.
Similar to Ultragreen - Guarantee the water quality beyond the highest standards, even in the case of strong seasonal fluctuations (20)
Water, a vital resource, critical to health and the environment. A major challenge for the 21st century. Understanding the water challenges our customers face, anticipating their expectations, innovating and containing costs: we strive to achieve the same goal committed together to water, a source of life.
Aquasource’s mission is to develop membrane systems and their processes for water treatment: drinking water production, process water production, desalination and reuse of traited wastewater.
Aquasource a pour mission de développer des systèmes membranaires et leurs procédés pour le traitement de l’eau applicable dans les domaines de la production d'eau potable, d'eau de process, le dessalement, le traitement tertiaire pour la réutilisation des eaux usées.
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Ressource, santé, environnement : L’eau est un enjeu majeur du XXIe siècle. Comprendre les défis que l’eau représente pour nos clients, anticiper leurs attentes, innover et maîtriser les coûts : Nous sommes mobilisés autour d’une même ambition, s’engager ensemble pour l’eau, source de vie.
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Le guide des innovations présente une trentaine de procédés de traitement d'eau représentant les dernières solutions technologiques développées par Degrémont.
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Ultragreen - Guarantee the water quality beyond the highest standards, even in the case of strong seasonal fluctuations
1. Ultragreen ™
BIOLOGICAL PURIFICATION BY ULTRAFILTRATION
FLAT SHEET MEMBRANES. RECOMMENDED
URBAN
FOR INSTALLATIONS UP TO 100,000 PE. WASTEWATER
GUARANTEE THE WATER QUALITY BEYOND
P-PPT-ER-007-EN-1107
THE HIGHEST STANDARDS, EVEN IN THE CASE
OF STRONG SEASONAL FLUCTUATIONS.
2. Urban CONTENTS
Wastewater
Ultragreen™
• The Challenges facing U.W.W Treatment
• The Choice of Membrane on U.W.W. Treatment
• The Membrane Bioreactor Range
• Membrane Technologies: the Degrémont Choice
• Properties of the Toray Membranes used in Ultragreen™
• Operating Principle
• Advantages of Ultragreen™
• Some references
• Case study: Val d’Arly (73), FRANCE
3. THE CHALLENGES FACING
Urban
Wastewater U.W.W. TREATMENT
Ultragreen™ Increasingly stringent discharge standards
• Health & safety (water standards)
• Protecting the natural environment (European
framework directive)
Protecting water resources
• Reuse (irrigation etc.)
Special limitations
• Site limitations (available area)
• Rehabilitation limitations
• Operating limitations
4. THE CHOICE OF MEMBRANES ON U.W.W. (1/3)
Cl2
Primary Biological Clarifier Sand Disinfection
PRE-TREATMENT
sedimentat TANK filter
ion
UF
PRE-TREATMENT
TANK
Biological and membrane filtration
5. THE CHOICE OF MEMBRANES ON U.W.W. (2/3)
DYNAMIC SEPARATION PHYSICAL BARRIER
Suspended solids Control over filtration
«leakage» and of the suspended
solids content in
Danger of denitrification discharges
in the clarifier
6. THE CHOICE OF
Urban
Wastewater MEMBRANES ON U.W.W. (3/3)
Ultragreen™ Compact design:
• For the same target water quality, membranes can replace
several conventional treatment stages.
Integration:
• Architectural: structures are more compact, so that the
architectural constraints are easier to meet
Performances:
• Membranes form a physical barrier; water quality is
constant and, therefore, unaffected by fluctuating hydraulic
loading.
7. Urban THE MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR RANGE
Wastewater
THE MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR RANGE (MBR) FOR TREATING
Ultragreen™
WASTEWATER IS AVAILABLE IN TWO VERSIONS IN ORDER
TO MEET THE REQUIREMENTS OF ALL CLIENTS.
THE MBR RANGE
Preferential application
Specific
Maximum concentration of process Membrane
Models Plant Size
sludge in membrane tank features manufacturer
recommended
0 to 100,000 p.e. Flat Sheet
Ultragreen™ 0 to 20,000 m3/d
15 g/L
Membranes
TORAY
Hollow fibers
Ultrafor™ No limits 10 g/L
Out /In filtration
GE
In order to meet market demands
and the specific requirements set
in technical specifications, in future,
Degrémont will deploy two
complementary membrane
technologies:
Ultragreen™ Ultrafor™
8. TECHNOLOGIES: THE DEGREMONT CHOICE
Membrane density
Layout (major plants) Backflushing
Membrane energy costs HOLLOW Concentration-related
(high concentrations) FIBERS flow
Maximum sludge
Membrane energy costs
concentration
(low concentration)
In membranes
PLATES
Simplicity Flexibility
(small plants)
Lower pre-treatment
requirements
2 complementary technologies that still form
part of the ultrafiltration sector
9. TORAY: A TRUSTED NAME IN ULTRAFILTRATION
Size 0.001μ m 0.01 μ m 0.1 μ m 1μ m 10 μ m
Ion, small molecule Polymer
Polymer
Separation
Colloid
Colloid
Target of
Pesticide, Organic Material Silt
Silt
Trihalomethanes
Coliform
Virus
Cryptosporidium
Na+, Cl- Ions
Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42 - Ions Bacteria
Membrane
UF
RO (Ultra-Filtration
(Ultra-Filtration) MF
(Reverse Osmosis) ) (Micro-Filtration)
NF
(Nano-Filtration)
UF HF Membrane UF/MF HF Membrane
RO/NF for Desalination “Torayfil (PAN)” “PVDF membrane” PVDF UF for MBR
10. Ultragreen™ : THE TORAY MEMBRANES
• Submerged flat sheet membranes
• Filtration by gravity suction or pumping
• Continuous aeration throughout filtration
11. Ultragreen™ : THE MODULES (1/3)
13.5mm
6.0mm
Aeration block
Space separating the membranes: 7.5mm
12. Ultragreen™ : THE MODULES (2/3)
• Reference: TMR140-100
• Number of plates: 100
• Membrane surface area: 140 m2
• Height: 2,100 mm
• Length: 1,620 mm
• Width: 565 / 810 mm
Permeate collectors
Membrane block
Aeration block
13. Ultragreen™ : THE MODULES (3/3)
• Reference: TMR140-200D
• Number of plates: 200
• Membrane surface area: 280 m2
• Height: 4,160 mm
• Length: 1 620 mm
• Width: 565 / 810 mm
One single aeration unit for the
entire aeration block
14. Urban THE TORAY MEMBRANES (1/3)
Wastewater
Ultragreen™
−An ultrafiltration membrane (0.08 m)
−Tight distribution of pore sizes
(1012 units.m-2)
Pore density
Clogging controlled
Pore diameter ( m)
16. Urban THE TORAY MEMBRANES (3/3)
Wastewater
Ultragreen™
• HIGH PORE DENSITY
• HYDROPHILIC MEMBRANE
High permeability
Low trans-membrane pressure
17. LINES - ULTRABOX
≤
1 Ultrabox – 1 short line (≤ 8 module places)
Permeate outlet
Cross section
Viewed from above
Permeate outlet
18. Ultragreen™ : A LAYOUT EXAMPLE
Aeration
Example with network
2 reactors: blowdown
Aeration
network
Collectors
19. Urban Ultragreen™ ADVANTAGES
Wastewater
Ultragreen™ COMPACT PRODUCT:
• Suppression of clarifiers
• SS concentrations in the bioreactor are higher than with
conventional AS
• No denitrification required if the discharge permit allows it
• Cost of civil works is reduced
– Landscape integration is easier because of compactness
TREATED EFFLUENT QUALITY:
• Assimilation of the pollution by the biomass + membrane
filtration that stops all suspended solids
• Better quality effluent, with consistency
• Severe discharge levels in TSS, BOD5, COD, TN, TP
(sensitive areas)
• Discharge permits with disinfection
requirements
20. SOME REFERENCES
START-UP
PLANT NAME COUNTRY CAPACITY (PE)
DATE
Crest Voland France 5,600 2011
St Barthélémy France 3,500 2012
Cogolin France 6,000 2011
Pierre Lenquette New Caledonia 2,500 2012
21. CASE STUDY:
VAL D’ARLY (73), FRANCE
CONTEXT: DESIGN :
• Construction of a 28,000 p.e. • Treatment line:
wastewater treatment plant – Fine bar screen (6 mm)
– Grit – Grease removal
• Client: Syndicat Intercommunal – Straining (2 mm)
d’Eau Potable et d’Assainissement – Distribution structure
des Moulins (SIEPAM) – Biological tanks (Incorporated buffer
tank)
– Ultragreen™
• To be commissioned mid 2011
• Water system running in gravity mode
Specific features of the project:
– Its proximity to the village • Number of Ultragreen™: 4 lines of
– Protecting the Arly (river) membranes in 4 reactor tanks
– High seasonal variations including one on total standby
– Operating authority
– Sustainable Development Aspect