1. Visual Special Effects in Film and TV
Bullet Time -
Bullet time is a visual effect or visual
impression of detaching the time and
space of a camera from those of its
visible subject. It is a depth enhanced
simulation of variable-speed action and
performance found in films, broadcast
advertisements, and realtime graphics
within video games and other special
media.
Computer generated imagery - Computer-generated imagery is the
application of computer graphics to
create or contribute to images in art,
printed media, video games, films,
television programs, shorts, commercials,
videos, and simulators
Digital composition - Digital compositing is the process of
digitally assembling multiple images to
make a final image, typically for print,
motion pictures or screen display. It is the
digital analogue of optical film
compositing.
Dolly zoom - A dolly zoom is an in-camera effect that
appears to undermine normal visual
perception. The effect is achieved by
zooming a zoom lens to adjust the angle
of view while the camera dollies toward
or away from the subject in such a way
as to keep the subject the same size in
the frame throughout.
In-camera effects - An in-camera effect is any special effect
in a video or movie that is created solely
by using techniques in and on the
camera and/or its parts. The in-camera
effect is defined by the fact that the effect
exists on the original camera negative or
video recording before it is sent to a lab
or modified.
Match moving - In visual effects, match moving is a
technique that allows the insertion of
computer graphics into live-action
footage with correct position, scale,
orientation, and motion relative to the
photographed objects in the shot.
2. Visual Special Effects in Film and TV
Matte painting - A matte painting is a painted
representation of a landscape, set, or
distant location that allows filmmakers to
create the illusion of an environment that
is not present at the filming location.
Miniature effects - A miniature effect is a special effect
created for motion pictures and television
programs using scale models. Scale
models are often combined with high
speed photography or matte shots to
make gravitational and other effects
appear convincing to the viewer.
Motion control photography - Motion control photography is a
technique used in still and motion
photography that enables precise control
of, and optionally also allows repetition
of, camera movements. It can be used to
facilitate special effects photography.
Optical effects - The motion after-effect is a visual illusion
experienced after viewing a moving
visual stimulus for a time (tens of
milliseconds to minutes) with stationary
eyes, and then fixating a stationary
stimulus. The motion aftereffect is
believed to be the result of motion
adaptation.
Practical effects - A practical effect is a special effect
produced physically, without
computer-generated imagery or other
post production techniques.
Prosthetics makeup effects - Prosthetic makeup is the process of
using prosthetic sculpting, molding and
casting techniques to create advanced
cosmetic effects. Prosthetic makeup was
revolutionized by John Chambers in such
films as Planet of the Apes and Dick
Smith in Little Big Man.
3. Visual Special Effects in Film and TV
Rotoscoping - Rotoscoping is an animation technique
that animators use to trace over motion
picture footage, frame by frame, to
produce realistic action. Originally,
animators projected photographed
live-action movie images onto a glass
panel and traced over the image.
Stop motion - Stop motion is an animated filmmaking
technique in which objects are physically
manipulated in small increments between
individually photographed frames so that
they will appeaWire removal is a visual
effects technique used to remove wires
in films, where the wires are originally
included as a safety precaution or to
simulate flying in actors or miniatures.
Wire removal can be partly automated
through various forms of keying, or each
frame can be edited manually.r to exhibit
independent motion or change when the
series of frames is played back.
Virtual cinematography - Virtual cinematography is the set of
cinematographic techniques performed in
a computer graphics environment.
Wire removal - Wire removal is a visual effects
technique used to remove wires in films,
where the wires are originally included as
a safety precaution or to simulate flying in
actors or miniatures. Wire removal can
be partly automated through various
forms of keying, or each frame can be
edited manually.
