What is green chemistry a green chemistry is very useful for world

1. PATLIPUTRA UNIVERSITY PATNA
NALANDA COLLEGE, BIHAR SHARIF
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
SESSION (2024-2028)
PRESENTATION
"GREEN CHEMISTRY"
SUBMITTED BY
PRABHAKAR KUMAR
RAJNISH KUMAR
SHUBHAM KUMAR
B.SC ( SEM-II)
SUBMITTED TO
H.O.D
Dr. ANIRBAN CHATTERJEE
(CHE.DEPARTMENT)
(ORGANIC CHEMISTRY)
(ORGANIC CHEMISTRY)

2. PAUL T ANASTAS John C. Warner
Father of green chemistry
Paul Anastas and John C. Warner co-authored the
groundbreaking book, Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice in
1998. The 12 Principles of Green Chemistry outlined within this
work declared a philosophy that motivated academic and
industrial scientists at the time and continues to guide the green
chemistry movement.

3. Green Chemistry
Green Chemistry is the design of chemical products
and processes that reduce or eliminate the use and/or
generation of Hazardous substances.

4. Green Chemistry Is About...
~Waste
~Materials
~Hazard
~Risk
~Energy
~Cost
~Waste
~Materials
~Hazard
~Risk
~Energy
~Cost
Reducing

5. Why do we need Green Chemistry?
Why do we need Green Chemistry?
• Chemistry is undeniably a very prominent part of our daily lives.
• Chemical developments also bring new environmental problems
and harmful unexpected side effects, which result in the need for
'greener' chemical products.
• A famous example is the pesticide DDT(dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane).
• Green chemistry looks at pollution prevention on the molecular
scale and is an extremely important area of Chemistry due to the
importance of Chemistry in our world today and the implications it
can show on our environment.
The Green Chemistry program supports the invention of more
environmentally friendly chemical processes which reduce or even
eliminate the substances. generation of hazardous
•This program works very closely with the twelve principles of Green
Chemistry.

6. Goals of Green Chemistry
Goals of Green Chemistry
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1. To reduce adverse environmental
impact, try appropriate and innovative
choice of material their chemical
transformation.
2. To develop processes based on
renewable rather than non-renewable
raw materials.
3. To develop processes that are less
prone to obnoxious chemical release,
fires explosion.
4. To minimize by-products in chemical
transformation by redesign of reactions
reaction sequences.
5. To develop products that are less toxic.
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6. To develop products that degrade
more rapidly in the environment
than the current products.
7. To reduce the requirements for
hazardous persistent solvents
extractants in chemical processes.
8. To improve energy efficiency by
developing low temperature low
pressure processes using new
catalysts.
9. To develop efficient reliable
methods to monitor the processes
for better improved controls.

7. The 12 Principles of Green Chemistry
The 12 Principles of Green Chemistry

8. 1. Prevention of waste or by-products:
1. Prevention of waste or by-products:
The Chemical Industry of the Past(?)
Priorities the prevention of waste rather than the cleaning up
and treating waste often it has been created. Plan ahead to
minimising waste at every step.

9. The Chemical Industry Today
The Chemical Industry Today
The Chemical Industry Tomorrow(?)
The Chemical Industry Tomorrow(?)

10. It is better to prevent waste than to treat or
clean up waste after it is formed
2. Atom Economy:
2. Atom Economy:
Atom economy (atom efficiency) describes the conversion
efficiency of a chemical process in terms of all atoms
involved (desired products produced).
Molecular Weight of Desired Product:
Molecular Weight of All Reactants
x100%
%atum economy =

11. 3. Minimization of Hazardous Products:
3. Minimization of Hazardous Products:
Toxics in the Environment
Toxics in the Environment
~ Substances that are toxic to humans, the biosphere and all that
sustains it, are currently still being released at a cost of life, health
and sustainability.
~ One of green chemistry's greatest strengths is the ability to design
for reduced hazard.

12. 4. Designing Safer Chemicals:
4. Designing Safer Chemicals:
Chemical products should be designed to effect
their desired function while minimising their
toxicity.
Instead of using Synthetic chemicals use natural
one which can be extracted from Natural Resources.

13. 5. Safer Solvents Auxiliaries:
5. Safer Solvents Auxiliaries:
* The use of auxiliary substances
(e.g., solvents or separation agents)
should be made unnecessary
whenever possible and innocuous
when used.
* solvent might be unavoidable in most
processes, but they should be chosen
to reduce the energy needed for the
reaction,should have minimal toxicity,
and should be recycled if possible.

14. 6. Design for Energy Efficiency:
6. Design for Energy Efficiency:
Energy requirements of chemical processes should be
recognised for their environmental and economic impacts and
should be minimised. If possible, synthetic methods should be
conducted at ambient temperature and pressure.

15. 7. Use of Renewable Feedstock:
7. Use of Renewable Feedstock:
A raw material or feedstock should be renewable rather
than depleting whenever technically and economically
practicable.

16. Poly lactic acid (PLA) for plastics production
Poly lactic acid (PLA) for plastics production

17. Resource Depletion
Resource Depletion
Renewable resources can be made.
increasingly viable technologically and
economically through green chemistry.
Nanoscience
Carbondioxide
Waste utilization
Biomass
Solar
* Due to the over utilization of non-renewable
resources, natural resources are being depleted
at an unsustainable rate.
* Fossil fuels are a central issue,

18. 8. Reduce Derivatives:
8. Reduce Derivatives:
Unnecessary derivatization (use of blocking groups. protection/de-
protection, and temporary modification of physical/chemical
processes) should be minimised or avoided if possible, because such
steps require additional reagents and can generate waste.
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More derivatives involve
Additional Reagents
Generate more waste products
More Time
Higher Cost of Products
Hence, it requires to reduce derivatives.
As in Alkylation of benzene taking place in presence of some
catalyst it forms the number of derivatives, so try to avoid such
derivatives by taking some other molecules.

19. 9. Catalysis
9. Catalysis
Catalytic reagents (as selective as possible) are
supenior to stoichiometric reagents.
e.g
Toluene can be exclusively converted into p-xylene
(avoiding o-xylene m-xylene) by shape selective
zeolite catalyst.
10. Designing of Degrading Products:
10. Designing of Degrading Products:
Chemical products should be designed so that
at the end of their function they break down
into innocuous degradation products and do
not persist in the environment.

20. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA's)
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA's)
11 Real-time Analysis for Poltation Prevention
11 Real-time Analysis for Poltation Prevention
Analytical methodologies need to be further
developed to allow real-time, in process
monitoring and control prior to the formation of
hazardous substances.

21. 12. Inherently Benign Chemistry for Accident Prevention
12. Inherently Benign Chemistry for Accident Prevention
Substances and the form of a substance used in a
chemical process should be chosen to minimise the
potential for chemical accidents, including releases,
explosions, and fires.