The Sierra de Grazalema nature reserve is located between Cadiz and Malaga provinces in Spain. It experiences high rainfall, with some areas receiving over 2,200 mm annually, making it the rainiest place in southern Spain. The reserve contains diverse landscapes, vegetation, and wildlife. It is home to over 1,375 flower species, 200 vertebrate species including endangered vultures, and has a rich cultural heritage with Roman ruins and archaeological remains.

1. SIERRA DE GRAZALEMA
By Rocío Navas Delgado 4ºESO C

2. Situation:
It is situated between
the North-East of the
province of Cadiz and
the northwest of the
province of Malaga.
Its surface area is
53.411 h

3. Climate and hydrology
 In some points of the Sierra de
Grazalema there is a registered
rainfall of more than 2.200 mm, and
so is the rainiest place in the south
of Spain, in spite of the summer
drought the area experiences.
 There are three distinct watersheds:
the rivers of the north zone flow into
the river Guadalete, those of the
East flow into the river Guadiaro
and the rivers in the western part
flow into the “Reservoir of the
Ferrets”.

4. Landscapes

5.  Cave of the two doors

6. Vegetation
 The most typical
vegetation is the
“pinsapar” or forest
of high local firs.
Also we can find
other vegetation of
great value, such as
groves of evergreen
oaks, cork oaks &
wild olive trees.

7. Flora
 There is a wide
variety of flowers in
this nature reserve,
including more than
1.375 species. This
number represents
slightly more than
25% of the species
in Spain and more
than 55 % of the
species in Western
Andalucia.

8. Fauna
 There are more than 200
catalogued species of
vertebrates: 7 species of
fish, 34 of amphibians
and reptiles, 44 species
of mammals and more
than 130 species of
birds. Many of them are
classed as protected
species.

9.  La Sierra de
Grazalema has one of
the major colonies of
griffon vultures in
Europe and also some
specimens of the
Egyptian vulture, a
seriously endangered
species.

10. Cultural heritage
 There is a long list of historical remains, such as
Ocuri's Roman ruins and a rich variety of other
archaeological remains (necropolis, aqueducts,
Roman villas and causeways; medieval and
Islamic remains, burial places, neolithic shelters,
cave art, etc). Amongst buildings of popular
architecture which stand out there are numerous
hydraulic mills, though there are also brickworks,
presses, oil-mills, ovens and public launderettes.

11. Roman causeways

12. Ocuri's ruins

13. Hydraulic
mills

14. THE END