Issue no. 15, dated 19 February 1993, of 'Radio News' weekly newsletter for the UK radio broadcasting industry, written and published by Grant Goddard in February 1993.
'Radio News: No. 19, 19 March 1993' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
The document summarizes recent developments in the UK radio industry. It discusses bids for new regional radio licenses, changes in radio formats and ownership, and listener data. Prominent topics covered include bids for the Northwest England regional license with 11 applicants, the re-advertisement of some London licenses, and audience figures showing Radio 4's Today as the most popular breakfast show in London.
'Response By UKRD Group Limited To Ofcom Consultation On Proposed Format Chan...Grant Goddard
Response by UKRD Group Limited to United Kingdom media regulator Ofcom consultation on proposed Format change of ‘Heart Cornwall’ local commercial radio station, written by Grant Goddard for UKRD Group Ltd in August 2012.
'UK Commercial Radio - A New Way to Regulate Localness' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
A research paper and proposal to develop a new regulatory strategy to ensure that 'localness' exists in the UK local commercial radio sector, written by Grant Goddard in November 2007.
'Radio News: No. 9, 8 January 1993' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Issue no. 9, dated 8 January 1993, of 'Radio News' weekly newsletter for the UK radio broadcasting industry, written and published by Grant Goddard in January 1993.
'Radio News: No. 7, 20 November 1992' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Issue no. 7, dated 20 November 1992, of 'Radio News' weekly newsletter for the UK radio broadcasting industry, written and published by Grant Goddard in November 1992.
'Radio News: No. 2, 16 October 1992' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Issue no. 2, dated 16 October 1992, of 'Radio News' weekly newsletter for the UK radio broadcasting industry, written and published by Grant Goddard in October 1992.
'Radio News: No. 6, 13 November 1992' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Issue no. 6, dated 13 November 1992, of 'Radio News' weekly newsletter for the UK radio broadcasting industry, written and published by Grant Goddard in November 1992.
'Clear Channel: Designs On Global Radio?' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Analysis of United States commercial radio group Clear Channel's declared strategy to dominate the global internet radio medium and its potential impact on the United Kingdom radio broadcasting market, written by Grant Goddard for Enders Analysis in September 2008.
'Radio News: No. 19, 19 March 1993' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
The document summarizes recent developments in the UK radio industry. It discusses bids for new regional radio licenses, changes in radio formats and ownership, and listener data. Prominent topics covered include bids for the Northwest England regional license with 11 applicants, the re-advertisement of some London licenses, and audience figures showing Radio 4's Today as the most popular breakfast show in London.
'Response By UKRD Group Limited To Ofcom Consultation On Proposed Format Chan...Grant Goddard
Response by UKRD Group Limited to United Kingdom media regulator Ofcom consultation on proposed Format change of ‘Heart Cornwall’ local commercial radio station, written by Grant Goddard for UKRD Group Ltd in August 2012.
'UK Commercial Radio - A New Way to Regulate Localness' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
A research paper and proposal to develop a new regulatory strategy to ensure that 'localness' exists in the UK local commercial radio sector, written by Grant Goddard in November 2007.
'Radio News: No. 9, 8 January 1993' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Issue no. 9, dated 8 January 1993, of 'Radio News' weekly newsletter for the UK radio broadcasting industry, written and published by Grant Goddard in January 1993.
'Radio News: No. 7, 20 November 1992' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Issue no. 7, dated 20 November 1992, of 'Radio News' weekly newsletter for the UK radio broadcasting industry, written and published by Grant Goddard in November 1992.
'Radio News: No. 2, 16 October 1992' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Issue no. 2, dated 16 October 1992, of 'Radio News' weekly newsletter for the UK radio broadcasting industry, written and published by Grant Goddard in October 1992.
'Radio News: No. 6, 13 November 1992' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Issue no. 6, dated 13 November 1992, of 'Radio News' weekly newsletter for the UK radio broadcasting industry, written and published by Grant Goddard in November 1992.
'Clear Channel: Designs On Global Radio?' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Analysis of United States commercial radio group Clear Channel's declared strategy to dominate the global internet radio medium and its potential impact on the United Kingdom radio broadcasting market, written by Grant Goddard for Enders Analysis in September 2008.
'Analysis Of Local Commercial Radio Licence Applications To Ofcom And Awards:...Grant Goddard
Analysis of applicants to Ofcom for UK local commercial radio licences and their award, written by Grant Goddard in January 2006 for Laser Broadcasting Limited.
'New Voices: An Evaluation Of 15 Access Radio Projects' by Anthony EverittGrant Goddard
A report by Anthony Everitt that evaluates the Radio Authority's pilot access radio projects for a new community radio station licensing scheme in the UK, edited by Grant Goddard in 2003 for The Radio Authority.
Absolute Radio is one of three independent national radio stations in Britain. It broadcasts popular rock music across the UK on medium wave, DAB, and online. Originally launched in 1993 as Virgin Radio, it has changed ownership several times and was rebranded as Absolute Radio in 2008. It targets listeners aged 24-44 and has several sister stations focused on different decades of music.
This document provides a summary of a case study on the regulation of cross-media ownership in Canada. It discusses:
1) The 1982 Cabinet order (PC0 2294) that directed the CRTC to deny broadcasting licenses to newspaper owners, arguing it was symbolic in origin and administration rather than intended to meaningfully address cross-media ownership.
2) The history of cross-media ownership regulation in Canada from 1968-1982 by the CRTC and other government bodies, and the various reviews and recommendations that occurred.
3) The political and bureaucratic origins of PCO 2294, including how it was a response to the temporary issue of newspaper closures but was never intended to disturb existing cross-
Satellite radio uses signals broadcast from satellites to provide digital radio services over wide geographical areas, unlike terrestrial radio which has limited range. The document discusses two main satellite radio providers in the US - SiriusXM, formed by the 2008 merger of Sirius and XM, and Worldspace which operated services in other parts of the world. It compares features of satellite radio like monthly fees and channel offerings to AM/FM radio. Howard Stern is noted as a prominent radio host who moved to Sirius due to fewer content restrictions.
The C-Band Alliance (CBA) proposal to clear 200 MHz (inclusive of a 20 MHz guard band) of C-band spectrum within 18-36 months of a final FCC order remains the fastest, most efficient way to transition a substantial amount of mid-band spectrum to terrestrial 5G mobile service
'An Application To Ofcom For The FM Independent Local Radio Licence For North...Grant Goddard
Application to Ofcom for a local commercial FM radio broadcast licence for Northallerton by Hambleton Radio, written by Grant Goddard in August 2005 for Laser Broadcasting Limited.
1) Radio was discovered in the late 1800s by scientists experimenting with electromagnetic waves, including Hertz proving their existence in 1888 and Marconi demonstrating wireless telegraphy could achieve transatlantic communication by 1901.
2) In Hong Kong, radio broadcasting is regulated and several public and commercial stations exist, including Radio Television Hong Kong as the main public broadcaster and Commercial Radio Hong Kong as a major commercial operator.
3) Digital technologies have expanded broadcasting options, as exemplified by the development of digital audio broadcasting (DAB) in Europe and online radio services available in Hong Kong.
IRJET- The Past, Present and Future of Broadcasting Engineering using Nigeria...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the past, present, and future of broadcasting engineering in Ghana, the United States, the United Kingdom, Nigeria, and Canada. It describes how broadcasting has evolved from analog to digital systems and is moving towards internet protocol-based delivery. The past section outlines how broadcasting began in each country, often starting with radio and expanding to television. The present section notes the growth of private broadcasters and digitization. The future sections predict a continued shift away from traditional broadcasting towards internet-based delivery of audio and video content to various devices.
Commercial radio stations generate revenue through advertisements to fund operations and make a profit. While the BBC focuses on public needs over viewership, commercial stations like Capital FM prioritize large audiences. Capital FM and Classic FM are owned by Global while Real Radio is owned by Guardian Media Group.
Public service broadcasting through the BBC aims to inform, educate, and entertain audiences. The BBC uses stations like Radio 1 to appeal to youth through music and relevant news.
New technologies like the internet and mobile phones have increased radio listenership by allowing on-demand and mobile listening. This has benefited both the BBC and commercial stations.
Non-profit community radio stations like Bradford Community Broadcasting serve local audiences and are funded through local business advertisements
California FM is a network vision for community radio, independent culture and true democracy. It is produced by a loose coalition of nonprofit volunteers and has no organizational affiliation.
California FM aims to support local DJs, journalists, musicians, radio producers and nonprofit station operators thrive on the airwaves, in a landscape dominated by commercial monopolies and national nonprofit institutions.
Independently operated nonprofit radio stations are the anchors of California FM. As peers each nonprofit station can thrive in a mutual-aid network based on solidarity and shared resources and programming. This can extend everyone's reach while ensuring local programming requirements are met and exceeded.
It can start in San Francisco. We have the community. We have the resources. All we need is to work together.
'Privatising Radios One And Two: How To Kill Commercial Radio With Kindness' ...Grant Goddard
Analysis of the debate advocating the privatisation of BBC radio stations Radio One and Radio Two in the United Kingdom, stimulated by commentaries by former Endemol UK Ltd Chairman Peter Bazalgette and outgoing GCap Media plc Chairman Richard Eyre, written by Grant Goddard for Enders Analysis in June 2008.
This document summarizes the key aspects of amateur radio service (ARS) in the Philippines. It outlines the requirements to acquire an amateur radio license including seminar attendance and examination. It describes the different license classes based on age and examination passed, and the associated frequency bands and power levels permitted. Key regulations governing amateur radio operation and penalties for violations are also summarized.
The document is a memorandum circular from the National Telecommunications Commission of the Philippines that aims to reduce the cost of short messaging service (SMS) by lowering the interconnection charge between mobile networks from 0.35 PHP to 0.15 PHP per SMS. It directs telecommunications providers to amend their interconnection agreements accordingly within 10 days and implement the new charges within 20 days. The circular also mandates that 99% of SMS messages must be delivered within 30 seconds to improve service quality.
According to the FCC, 22-channel hybrid FRS/GMRS radios require a license to operate on anything other than FRS channels 8-14 if transmitting at higher than 500mW power. These radios transmit at higher power on channels 1-7, so a license is required to use these channels. CERT groups should use 14-channel FRS-only radios to operate legally on all 14 channels without a license. The IC 4008 radio is recommended as it is still available and appropriate for CERT groups to use within FCC regulations.
'UK Radio Industry Consolidation: How Relevant Is The US Experience?' by Gran...Grant Goddard
A research paper that compares the consolidation that has taken place in the commercial radio industry in the US with the anticipated consolidation in the commercial radio industry in the UK that could follow the legislation of the Communications Act, written by Grant Goddard in March 2003.
The document discusses different types of radio broadcasting in the UK, including commercial radio, public service broadcasting, and non-for-profit radio. It provides examples of commercial radio stations like Galaxy 105 and Radio Aire. It also outlines various job roles in radio like reporters, presenters, and producers. New technologies discussed include podcasting and listening online. Professional bodies that regulate the radio industry are also mentioned, such as OFCOM and PRS. Finally, it notes that around 6,390 people work in radio in the UK, with many working freelance contracts.
Radio Mirchi is a private FM radio network in India owned by Entertainment Network India Ltd. It began operations in 1993 in Indore and has since expanded to 33 cities across India. Radio Mirchi dominates the radio market in major cities like Delhi, Mumbai, and Kolkata. It uses localized taglines in different cities and provides popular programs and radio jockeys. Radio Mirchi differentiates itself through its premium pricing compared to other radio stations.
'Radio Authority Local Licence Award: West Lothian' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Evaluation of application for the new local commercial radio licence in the West Lothian market of Central Scotland in the UK, written by Grant Goddard in April 2003 for The Radio Authority (and edited substantially by management).
'Radio News: No. 4, 30 October 1992' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Issue no. 4, dated 30 October 1992, of 'Radio News' weekly newsletter for the UK radio broadcasting industry, written and published by Grant Goddard in October 1992.
'Analysis Of Local Commercial Radio Licence Applications To Ofcom And Awards:...Grant Goddard
Analysis of applicants to Ofcom for UK local commercial radio licences and their award, written by Grant Goddard in January 2006 for Laser Broadcasting Limited.
'New Voices: An Evaluation Of 15 Access Radio Projects' by Anthony EverittGrant Goddard
A report by Anthony Everitt that evaluates the Radio Authority's pilot access radio projects for a new community radio station licensing scheme in the UK, edited by Grant Goddard in 2003 for The Radio Authority.
Absolute Radio is one of three independent national radio stations in Britain. It broadcasts popular rock music across the UK on medium wave, DAB, and online. Originally launched in 1993 as Virgin Radio, it has changed ownership several times and was rebranded as Absolute Radio in 2008. It targets listeners aged 24-44 and has several sister stations focused on different decades of music.
This document provides a summary of a case study on the regulation of cross-media ownership in Canada. It discusses:
1) The 1982 Cabinet order (PC0 2294) that directed the CRTC to deny broadcasting licenses to newspaper owners, arguing it was symbolic in origin and administration rather than intended to meaningfully address cross-media ownership.
2) The history of cross-media ownership regulation in Canada from 1968-1982 by the CRTC and other government bodies, and the various reviews and recommendations that occurred.
3) The political and bureaucratic origins of PCO 2294, including how it was a response to the temporary issue of newspaper closures but was never intended to disturb existing cross-
Satellite radio uses signals broadcast from satellites to provide digital radio services over wide geographical areas, unlike terrestrial radio which has limited range. The document discusses two main satellite radio providers in the US - SiriusXM, formed by the 2008 merger of Sirius and XM, and Worldspace which operated services in other parts of the world. It compares features of satellite radio like monthly fees and channel offerings to AM/FM radio. Howard Stern is noted as a prominent radio host who moved to Sirius due to fewer content restrictions.
The C-Band Alliance (CBA) proposal to clear 200 MHz (inclusive of a 20 MHz guard band) of C-band spectrum within 18-36 months of a final FCC order remains the fastest, most efficient way to transition a substantial amount of mid-band spectrum to terrestrial 5G mobile service
'An Application To Ofcom For The FM Independent Local Radio Licence For North...Grant Goddard
Application to Ofcom for a local commercial FM radio broadcast licence for Northallerton by Hambleton Radio, written by Grant Goddard in August 2005 for Laser Broadcasting Limited.
1) Radio was discovered in the late 1800s by scientists experimenting with electromagnetic waves, including Hertz proving their existence in 1888 and Marconi demonstrating wireless telegraphy could achieve transatlantic communication by 1901.
2) In Hong Kong, radio broadcasting is regulated and several public and commercial stations exist, including Radio Television Hong Kong as the main public broadcaster and Commercial Radio Hong Kong as a major commercial operator.
3) Digital technologies have expanded broadcasting options, as exemplified by the development of digital audio broadcasting (DAB) in Europe and online radio services available in Hong Kong.
IRJET- The Past, Present and Future of Broadcasting Engineering using Nigeria...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the past, present, and future of broadcasting engineering in Ghana, the United States, the United Kingdom, Nigeria, and Canada. It describes how broadcasting has evolved from analog to digital systems and is moving towards internet protocol-based delivery. The past section outlines how broadcasting began in each country, often starting with radio and expanding to television. The present section notes the growth of private broadcasters and digitization. The future sections predict a continued shift away from traditional broadcasting towards internet-based delivery of audio and video content to various devices.
Commercial radio stations generate revenue through advertisements to fund operations and make a profit. While the BBC focuses on public needs over viewership, commercial stations like Capital FM prioritize large audiences. Capital FM and Classic FM are owned by Global while Real Radio is owned by Guardian Media Group.
Public service broadcasting through the BBC aims to inform, educate, and entertain audiences. The BBC uses stations like Radio 1 to appeal to youth through music and relevant news.
New technologies like the internet and mobile phones have increased radio listenership by allowing on-demand and mobile listening. This has benefited both the BBC and commercial stations.
Non-profit community radio stations like Bradford Community Broadcasting serve local audiences and are funded through local business advertisements
California FM is a network vision for community radio, independent culture and true democracy. It is produced by a loose coalition of nonprofit volunteers and has no organizational affiliation.
California FM aims to support local DJs, journalists, musicians, radio producers and nonprofit station operators thrive on the airwaves, in a landscape dominated by commercial monopolies and national nonprofit institutions.
Independently operated nonprofit radio stations are the anchors of California FM. As peers each nonprofit station can thrive in a mutual-aid network based on solidarity and shared resources and programming. This can extend everyone's reach while ensuring local programming requirements are met and exceeded.
It can start in San Francisco. We have the community. We have the resources. All we need is to work together.
'Privatising Radios One And Two: How To Kill Commercial Radio With Kindness' ...Grant Goddard
Analysis of the debate advocating the privatisation of BBC radio stations Radio One and Radio Two in the United Kingdom, stimulated by commentaries by former Endemol UK Ltd Chairman Peter Bazalgette and outgoing GCap Media plc Chairman Richard Eyre, written by Grant Goddard for Enders Analysis in June 2008.
This document summarizes the key aspects of amateur radio service (ARS) in the Philippines. It outlines the requirements to acquire an amateur radio license including seminar attendance and examination. It describes the different license classes based on age and examination passed, and the associated frequency bands and power levels permitted. Key regulations governing amateur radio operation and penalties for violations are also summarized.
The document is a memorandum circular from the National Telecommunications Commission of the Philippines that aims to reduce the cost of short messaging service (SMS) by lowering the interconnection charge between mobile networks from 0.35 PHP to 0.15 PHP per SMS. It directs telecommunications providers to amend their interconnection agreements accordingly within 10 days and implement the new charges within 20 days. The circular also mandates that 99% of SMS messages must be delivered within 30 seconds to improve service quality.
According to the FCC, 22-channel hybrid FRS/GMRS radios require a license to operate on anything other than FRS channels 8-14 if transmitting at higher than 500mW power. These radios transmit at higher power on channels 1-7, so a license is required to use these channels. CERT groups should use 14-channel FRS-only radios to operate legally on all 14 channels without a license. The IC 4008 radio is recommended as it is still available and appropriate for CERT groups to use within FCC regulations.
'UK Radio Industry Consolidation: How Relevant Is The US Experience?' by Gran...Grant Goddard
A research paper that compares the consolidation that has taken place in the commercial radio industry in the US with the anticipated consolidation in the commercial radio industry in the UK that could follow the legislation of the Communications Act, written by Grant Goddard in March 2003.
The document discusses different types of radio broadcasting in the UK, including commercial radio, public service broadcasting, and non-for-profit radio. It provides examples of commercial radio stations like Galaxy 105 and Radio Aire. It also outlines various job roles in radio like reporters, presenters, and producers. New technologies discussed include podcasting and listening online. Professional bodies that regulate the radio industry are also mentioned, such as OFCOM and PRS. Finally, it notes that around 6,390 people work in radio in the UK, with many working freelance contracts.
Radio Mirchi is a private FM radio network in India owned by Entertainment Network India Ltd. It began operations in 1993 in Indore and has since expanded to 33 cities across India. Radio Mirchi dominates the radio market in major cities like Delhi, Mumbai, and Kolkata. It uses localized taglines in different cities and provides popular programs and radio jockeys. Radio Mirchi differentiates itself through its premium pricing compared to other radio stations.
'Radio Authority Local Licence Award: West Lothian' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Evaluation of application for the new local commercial radio licence in the West Lothian market of Central Scotland in the UK, written by Grant Goddard in April 2003 for The Radio Authority (and edited substantially by management).
'Radio News: No. 4, 30 October 1992' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Issue no. 4, dated 30 October 1992, of 'Radio News' weekly newsletter for the UK radio broadcasting industry, written and published by Grant Goddard in October 1992.
'Radio News: No. 11, 22 January 1993' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Issue no. 11, dated 22 January 1993, of 'Radio News' weekly newsletter for the UK radio broadcasting industry, written and published by Grant Goddard in January 1993.
The BBC operates several national and regional radio stations in the UK funded by the television license fee. The BBC World Service is the largest international broadcaster, operating radio stations in over 28 languages without commercials. While the license fee model allows the BBC independence from advertisers, some argue it is no longer appropriate in an era of multi-channel availability and that people paying the license fee subsidize those with digital access to more BBC channels. However, supporters counter that the license fee enables the BBC to produce more diverse programming than commercial stations dependent on advertisers.
'Radio Authority Local Licence Award: Buxton' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
High Peak Radio and FM The Edge have emerged as the strongest candidates for a new local radio licence serving Buxton and the High Peak district of Derbyshire. Both propose locally-oriented programming appealing to a wide audience, but FM The Edge plans a larger staff and higher revenue projections due to support from The Wireless Group. High Peak Radio has demonstrated more substantial local support through its successful RSL broadcasts. The terrain presents technical challenges, but High Peak Radio, FM The Edge and Spring FM have proposed transmission plans that would provide robust coverage of main population centers.
The document provides an overview of the history and development of radio. It discusses early experiments in wireless telegraphy in the 1830s and key developments and inventions that led to radio broadcasting in the early 20th century, including Hertz proving electromagnetic waves, Marconi's transatlantic transmission, and the introduction of transistor radios. It also briefly describes different types of radio stations and how they generate profit, mainly through advertisements but also government funding for public stations.
The document discusses the history and development of radio technology and broadcasting. It traces the early experiments in wireless telegraphy in the 1830s through Hertz's proof of electromagnetic waves in 1888. It then covers some of the major developments and innovations in radio through the 1900s, including the first transatlantic transmission by Marconi in 1901 and the introduction of more portable transistor radios in the 1950s-60s. The roles of researchers, writers, editors, and presenters in radio are also briefly outlined.
'Complaint By 'Pirate FM' To Ofcom That The Broadcast Output Of 'Heart Cornwa...Grant Goddard
Formal complaint by Cornwall local commercial radio station 'Pirate FM' submitted to United Kingdom broadcast regulator Ofcom arguing that the broadcast output of competitor 'Heart Cornwall' had not complied with the requirements of its licensed Format, written by Grant Goddard for UKRD Group Ltd in June 2013.
The radio industry has gone through significant changes over time. Early radio was experimental but eventually commercialized in the 1920s with the rise of advertising. The Radio Corporation of America was formed as a powerful player and helped establish radio's commercial model. By the 1930s, networks and affiliates developed nationally. More recently, radio has fragmented into specialized formats to target narrow demographics as the number of stations has grown. New digital technologies like satellite radio and internet streaming now challenge traditional radio.
'Laser Broadcasting Limited: Strategy Document: December 2005' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Strategy document for the corporate development and business plan of a local commercial radio station group in the UK, written by Grant Goddard in December 2005 for the board of Laser Broadcasting Limited.
Commercial radio licenses in the UK are awarded by Ofcom through a competitive process where stations submit applications detailing their proposed format. Most local commercial stations broadcast to a city or surrounding area within 20-50 miles, playing predominantly pop music but also catering to other tastes. Many stations are owned by large radio groups that operate similar formats across multiple areas. Capital FM, owned by Global Radio, is one of the largest commercial radio stations in London, playing mainstream music and hosting celebrities and games to engage listeners and generate advertising revenue. Commercial radio aims to maintain audiences through entertainment, listener engagement like requests and prizes, and advertising.
'Radio News: No. 13, 5 February 1993' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
The document discusses the release of the first audience measurement results from RAJAR, a new joint radio research system between commercial radio and the BBC in the UK. Many commercial radio stations were unhappy with their poor results under RAJAR. London-based Capital Radio maintained its leading position, while many local commercial stations saw declining audiences as they faced new commercial competition for the first time. The debate continued over differences between RAJAR results and previous measurement systems.
'News: Ofcom Accuses Major Record Labels Of Directly Funding London Pirate Ra...Grant Goddard
News story about an accusation by UK media regulator Ofcom that major record companies are funding pirate radio stations in London, written by Grant Goddard in July 2006 for The Radio Magazine.
Satellite radio uses satellites to broadcast radio signals nationwide, offering more channel options than terrestrial radio without commercials or signal loss. It requires a subscription and satellite dish but provides clear reception anywhere. The two main providers are Sirius and XM, which offer over 100 total music, news, sports and entertainment channels. While satellite radio has advantages like no commercials or static, disadvantages include upfront costs and temporary signal loss under obstructions.
Satellite television delivers programming to viewers via radio signals transmitted from satellites orbiting Earth. It was first demonstrated in 1962, relaying signals between Europe and North America. Since then, satellite television has grown significantly, with over 33 million subscribers worldwide. It provides hundreds of channel options and access to programming from around the world. However, the high upfront costs of equipment and potential for weather-related service disruptions are disadvantages compared to other television delivery methods.
This chapter discusses the history and development of radio, from its early beginnings to the current digital age. It covers topics like the emergence of radio broadcasting in the 1920s, the rise of networks and commercial radio, the effects of television and new technologies like FM, HD radio, satellite radio and internet radio. The chapter also examines the organization of the radio industry including local stations, networks and syndicators and the differences between AM and FM stations.
Commercial radio stations in Yorkshire include Capital, Real Radio, and Radio Aire. They aim to make profits through advertising revenue. BBC radio stations like Radio 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Live serve public purposes like educating and informing audiences. New technologies have changed radio listening - many now listen online or via digital television. Non-profit radio serves communities. Organizations like Ofcom regulate broadcasting standards while PRS ensures artists are paid for music use. Around 22,400 work in the radio industry across commercial, BBC and community stations.
'News: Ofcom Licenses Fifteen More Community Radio Stations' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
News story about the award by UK media regulator Ofcom of licences to fifteen more community radio stations, written by Grant Goddard in June 2005 for The Radio Magazine.
'"Localness" Of Local Commercial Radio Stations: "Please, Sir, Can I Have Som...Grant Goddard
Commentary on the UK government announcement of a review of the regulation of local content broadcast by local commercial radio stations, written by Grant Goddard in February 2009 for Grant Godard: Radio Blog.
Similar to 'Radio News: No. 15, 19 February 1993' by Grant Goddard (20)
'DAB Radio Switchover In The United Kingdom' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
76-page presentation addressing issues concerning the United Kingdom government's proposed switchover from analogue to DAB digital radio broadcasting, written by Grant Goddard for Bauer Radio in January 2012.
'Response By UKRD Group Limited To United Kingdom Government Department For C...Grant Goddard
Response by UKRD Group Limited to United Kingdom government Department For Culture Media & Sport's Communications Review of Radio Regulation, written by Grant Goddard for UKRD Group Limited in September 2012.
'The Route To Secure Local Radio's Digital Future' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Proposal for the UK government and media regulator Ofcom to adopt a multi-platform approach to the 'Digital Britain' future of local radio, in order to reflect the reality that many local radio stations will never broadcast on the DAB platform, written by Grant Goddard in March 2011 for UKRD Group.
'DAB Radio: UK Receiver Market Is Dead In The Water' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Analysis of data demonstrating the slowing DAB radio receiver consumer market in the UK and statements by industry stakeholders that appear to contradict this evidence, written by Grant Goddard in January 2009.
'DAB Digital Radio Switchover In The UK: Q&A' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
The document discusses the digital radio switchover in the UK and provides answers to common questions on the topic. It makes the following key points:
1) There will be no switchover to DAB as the dominant radio platform, as the government has abandoned plans for a DAB radio switchover.
2) The push for DAB radio was never consumer-led and ignored consumer behaviors and preferences.
3) Investment in DAB radio has significantly harmed the UK radio industry by diverting funds away from content production.
'United Kingdom Commercial Radio In Numbers: Q4 2008' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
39-page presentation of historical numerical data for the United Kingdom commercial radio industry in Q4 2008 including revenues, advertisers, listening, radio receiver sales and household penetration, written by Grant Goddard in March 2009.
'United Kingdom Commercial Radio In Numbers: Q3 2009' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
80-page presentation of historical numerical data for the United Kingdom commercial radio industry in Q3 2009 including revenues, advertisers, listening, radio receiver sales and household penetration, written by Grant Goddard in December 2009.
'United Kingdom Commercial Radio In Numbers: Q2 2009' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
53-page presentation of historical numerical data for the United Kingdom commercial radio industry in Q2 2009 including revenues, advertisers, listening, radio receiver sales and household penetration, written by Grant Goddard in October 2009.
'United Kingdom Commercial Radio In Numbers: Q1 2009' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
43-page presentation of historical numerical data for the United Kingdom commercial radio industry in Q1 2009 including revenues, advertisers, listening, radio receiver sales and household penetration, written by Grant Goddard in Jun 2009.
'United Kingdom Commercial Radio: Q2 2008' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
34-page presentation of historical numerical data for the United Kingdom commercial radio industry in Q2 2008 including revenues, advertisers, listening, radio receiver sales and household penetration, written by Grant Goddard for Enders Analysis in September 2008.
'United Kingdom Commercial Radio: Q4 2007' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
28-page presentation of historical numerical data for the United Kingdom commercial radio industry in Q4 2007 including revenues, advertisers, listening, radio receiver sales and household penetration, written by Grant Goddard for Enders Analysis in March 2008.
'United Kingdom Commercial Radio: Q1 2008' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
31-page presentation of historical numerical data for the United Kingdom commercial radio industry in Q1 2008 including revenues, advertisers, listening, radio receiver sales and household penetration, written by Grant Goddard for Enders Analysis in June 2008.
'Virgin Radio: New Owner, New Name, New Beginning' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
- Bennett, Coleman & Company Limited (BCCL), India's largest media conglomerate, acquired Virgin Radio from Scottish Media Group for £53.2 million.
- As part of the acquisition, BCCL will re-launch the station under a new name and with a £15 million marketing budget later in 2008, as they did not acquire the rights to continue using the Virgin brand name.
- While Virgin Radio broadcasts nationally on AM radio, its audience is heavily skewed towards London, where it also broadcasts on FM radio. The acquisition value is largely due to the London-wide FM license, which BCCL intends to use to build a successful classic rock station in London.
'Virgin Radio: A Pig In A Poke' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Analysis of the announcement by United Kingdom media conglomerate Scottish Media Group plc that it will sell its national commercial radio station 'Virgin Radio' whose dismal performance it failed to turn around in the seven years since its acquisition, written by Grant Goddard for Enders Analysis in May 2007.
'UTV & Scottish Media Group Merger Could Revive Commercial Radio Sector' by G...Grant Goddard
Analysis of the potential of a merger between United Kingdom media conglomerates UTV plc (formerly Ulster Television) and Scottish Media Group plc to revitalise the performances of their national commercial radio stations 'TalkSport' and 'Virgin Radio', written by Grant Goddard for Enders Analysis in August 2006.
'United Kingdom Commercial Radio Consolidation' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Analysis of the potential for further consolidation through mergers and acquisitions of the United Kingdom commercial radio broadcasting industry and the lack of evidential data that previous consolidation produced the promised benefits for owners, listeners or advertisers, written by Grant Goddard for Enders Analysis in September 2007.
'The Second National Digital Radio Multiplex' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Analysis of the dwindling prospects of success for the United Kingdom's second national commercial DAB (digital audio broadcasting) radio multiplex and (correct) prediction that it might never be launched by Channel 4 Television which had been awarded the licence by media regulator Ofcom 15 months earlier, written by Grant Goddard for Enders Analysis in October 2008.
'The Future Of Digital Radio: Is It 'DAB'?' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
This document summarizes the state of digital radio in the UK, focusing on the Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) platform. It notes that while DAB was initially heavily invested in and promoted by the radio industry, its growth has stagnated with low consumer adoption rates. Recently many digital-only radio stations on DAB have closed down or reduced services. The viability of the two national DAB multiplexes, operated by Digital One and the upcoming Channel 4 multiplex, are now in serious question as the commercial radio groups reduce their commitments to DAB. The future of DAB and digital radio is uncertain, with a government working group tasked with addressing the issues.
'The Digital One Radio Multiplex: Desperately Seeking Subsidy' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
The document discusses the viability of the Digital One radio multiplex in the UK. It notes that Channel 4's decision not to pursue radio plans has left many slots on the multiplex unused, threatening its commercial viability. It suggests the multiplex may need to be transferred to the BBC or Arqiva to ensure its continued operation. It also argues that subsidy will likely be needed in the short term to boost adoption of digital radio and ensure the multiplex's survival, possibly through redirecting funds from the BBC's digital television switchover budget.
'Scottish Media Group: The Only Way Is Up?' by Grant GoddardGrant Goddard
Analysis of the limited opportunities for turnaround of ailing United Kingdom TV/radio/online/billboard conglomerate Scottish Media Group plc following a boardroom coup led by institutional shareholders, written by Grant Goddard for Enders Analysis in March 2007.
Best Competitive Marble Pricing in Dubai - ☎ 9928909666Stone Art Hub
Stone Art Hub offers the best competitive Marble Pricing in Dubai, ensuring affordability without compromising quality. With a wide range of exquisite marble options to choose from, you can enhance your spaces with elegance and sophistication. For inquiries or orders, contact us at ☎ 9928909666. Experience luxury at unbeatable prices.
Understanding User Needs and Satisfying ThemAggregage
https://www.productmanagementtoday.com/frs/26903918/understanding-user-needs-and-satisfying-them
We know we want to create products which our customers find to be valuable. Whether we label it as customer-centric or product-led depends on how long we've been doing product management. There are three challenges we face when doing this. The obvious challenge is figuring out what our users need; the non-obvious challenges are in creating a shared understanding of those needs and in sensing if what we're doing is meeting those needs.
In this webinar, we won't focus on the research methods for discovering user-needs. We will focus on synthesis of the needs we discover, communication and alignment tools, and how we operationalize addressing those needs.
Industry expert Scott Sehlhorst will:
• Introduce a taxonomy for user goals with real world examples
• Present the Onion Diagram, a tool for contextualizing task-level goals
• Illustrate how customer journey maps capture activity-level and task-level goals
• Demonstrate the best approach to selection and prioritization of user-goals to address
• Highlight the crucial benchmarks, observable changes, in ensuring fulfillment of customer needs
The APCO Geopolitical Radar - Q3 2024 The Global Operating Environment for Bu...APCO
The Radar reflects input from APCO’s teams located around the world. It distils a host of interconnected events and trends into insights to inform operational and strategic decisions. Issues covered in this edition include:
The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024.pdfthesiliconleaders
In the recent edition, The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024, The Silicon Leaders magazine gladly features Dejan Štancer, President of the Global Chamber of Business Leaders (GCBL), along with other leaders.
𝐔𝐧𝐯𝐞𝐢𝐥 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐅𝐮𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐄𝐧𝐞𝐫𝐠𝐲 𝐄𝐟𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐢𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐲 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐍𝐄𝐖𝐍𝐓𝐈𝐃𝐄’𝐬 𝐋𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐎𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠𝐬
Explore the details in our newly released product manual, which showcases NEWNTIDE's advanced heat pump technologies. Delve into our energy-efficient and eco-friendly solutions tailored for diverse global markets.
How are Lilac French Bulldogs Beauty Charming the World and Capturing Hearts....Lacey Max
“After being the most listed dog breed in the United States for 31
years in a row, the Labrador Retriever has dropped to second place
in the American Kennel Club's annual survey of the country's most
popular canines. The French Bulldog is the new top dog in the
United States as of 2022. The stylish puppy has ascended the
rankings in rapid time despite having health concerns and limited
color choices.”
IMPACT Silver is a pure silver zinc producer with over $260 million in revenue since 2008 and a large 100% owned 210km Mexico land package - 2024 catalysts includes new 14% grade zinc Plomosas mine and 20,000m of fully funded exploration drilling.
Call8328958814 satta matka Kalyan result satta guessing➑➌➋➑➒➎➑➑➊➍
Satta Matka Kalyan Main Mumbai Fastest Results
Satta Matka ❋ Sattamatka ❋ New Mumbai Ratan Satta Matka ❋ Fast Matka ❋ Milan Market ❋ Kalyan Matka Results ❋ Satta Game ❋ Matka Game ❋ Satta Matka ❋ Kalyan Satta Matka ❋ Mumbai Main ❋ Online Matka Results ❋ Satta Matka Tips ❋ Milan Chart ❋ Satta Matka Boss❋ New Star Day ❋ Satta King ❋ Live Satta Matka Results ❋ Satta Matka Company ❋ Indian Matka ❋ Satta Matka 143❋ Kalyan Night Matka..
Event Report - SAP Sapphire 2024 Orlando - lots of innovation and old challengesHolger Mueller
Holger Mueller of Constellation Research shares his key takeaways from SAP's Sapphire confernece, held in Orlando, June 3rd till 5th 2024, in the Orange Convention Center.
Top mailing list providers in the USA.pptxJeremyPeirce1
Discover the top mailing list providers in the USA, offering targeted lists, segmentation, and analytics to optimize your marketing campaigns and drive engagement.
How to Implement a Real Estate CRM SoftwareSalesTown
To implement a CRM for real estate, set clear goals, choose a CRM with key real estate features, and customize it to your needs. Migrate your data, train your team, and use automation to save time. Monitor performance, ensure data security, and use the CRM to enhance marketing. Regularly check its effectiveness to improve your business.
Storytelling is an incredibly valuable tool to share data and information. To get the most impact from stories there are a number of key ingredients. These are based on science and human nature. Using these elements in a story you can deliver information impactfully, ensure action and drive change.
At Techbox Square, in Singapore, we're not just creative web designers and developers, we're the driving force behind your brand identity. Contact us today.
Anny Serafina Love - Letter of Recommendation by Kellen Harkins, MS.AnnySerafinaLove
This letter, written by Kellen Harkins, Course Director at Full Sail University, commends Anny Love's exemplary performance in the Video Sharing Platforms class. It highlights her dedication, willingness to challenge herself, and exceptional skills in production, editing, and marketing across various video platforms like YouTube, TikTok, and Instagram.
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Satta Matka
'Radio News: No. 15, 19 February 1993' by Grant Goddard
1. RRRRRRRRR U808o8o8o8o8o8o 00000o III OOOOOXXXJ IOOi IOOi !':IT!':!':!':!':!':!': ~ ~ ~ SSSSSSSSS
RRRRRRRRR AAMAAAAA DDDDDDD III OOOOOXXXJ IOOi IOOi E!':1<1<1<1<!':EE ~ ~ ~ SSSSSSSSS
RRR RRR MA MA DDD DDD III (XX) (XX) IOODi IOOi EEE ~ ~ ~ sss No. 15
RRRRRRRRR AAA MA DDD OOD III (XX) (XX) IOOiRR lOIN EEE ~ ~ ~ sss
RRRRRRRRR 801111118080111111 DDD DDD ill (XX) (XX) HNIOOIIIMRR E!':F.E!':I':ITF. ~ ~ ~ sssssssss
RRRRR AAMAAAAA DDD DDD ill (XX) (XX) lOOOOOOOO1 !':F.!':1<1<EEEE ~ ~ ~ sssssssss
RBRRRR AAA AAA DDD DDD ill (XX) (XX) IOOi IOOiRR EEE www www www sss 19 FEB 93
RRR RRR AAA AAA DDD DDD ill (XX) (XX) IOOi IOODi EEE www www www sss
RRR RRR AAA AAA DDDDDD ill OOOOOXXXJ IOOi IOOi EEEITIT!':F. '."AAAAAAliW sssssssss
RRR RRR AAA AAA DDDDD III OOOOOXXXJ IOOi IOOi EEEF.1<IT1<1< 'AlAAlAAAAAAAI sssssssss
THE WEEKLY UPDATE ON THE UK RADIO INDUSTRY
NO TO SPECIALIST LOCAL RADIO
New local commercial radio stations
will no longer be licensed with
specialist music formats, but are
expected to broadcast oveLtly
popularist programming, according to
policy outlined by Radio AuthoLity
officeLs at last week's Licence To
Fill conference organised by the
Radio Academy.
''We are looking within existing areas
to introduce services which are
either more localised, OL more
specialised, but not both at the same
time," explained David Vick, the
Authodty's Head of Development. "One
of the things we leaLDt from the
incremental [licensing] experience at
the IBA is that you can't run a
minority format station in a very
small market."
Vick cited Radiowave/Blackpool and
Q96/Paisley as examples of new
small-scale stations with broad,
popularist music formats. And he
indicated that "more specialised
services" were formats the Authority
had in mind for its five new regional
licences because such stations "need
a large population base in order to
achieve viability."
The Authority's policy now comprises
four tiers of radio service -
national and regional stations with
specialist formats; existing ILR
stations with broad music and
entertainment programming; and more
localised stations within ILR areas
who major in local news and
information.
''We seek to- ensure that the
progLammes provided by the smallest
ventures are as attractive as
possible," said Radio Authority
Deputy Chief Executive Paul Brown,
"providing local information and
entertainment on a bedrock of the
most popular music of the day. Those
wishing to attract particular
listeners enjoying a particular
lifestyle should be offered large
'populations from which to dLaw their
support, so that their comparatively
small reach can include sufficient
numbers of listeners to be attractive
to advertiseLs and their agents."
The failure of many incremental
stations launched outside London in
1989/90 to attract significant
audiences or advertisers seems to
have decided the Authority not to
licence further specialist formats in
each· town. Music narLowcasting is now
viewed as the domain of the
RADIO CONTACTS
well-financed radio group rather than
the local entrepreneurs of the
incremental experiment.
"Broadcasting seems to be easier for
most adveLtisers and agencies to
undeLstand than narrowcasting,"
explained Paul Brown. "But the
experience of Classic FM nationwide
and Jazz and Kiss FM in London does
seem to indicate that advertisers can
be won round and the right ones
identified, if you have faith,
courage and sufficient financial
reserves."
Asked to expand upon his notion of a
"bedLock" of pop music used by small
stations, Brown said: "The smaller
you get, the moLe overtly popular
you've got to be to get a
satisfactoLY audience you can sell to
advertisers."
And asked whether he thought London
already had a surfeit of black music
stations, Brown replied: "Probably
the [Radio] Authority would not be
very persuaded by somebody else on
another trans-London frequency who
wanted to do another radio station
that had strong elements of dance or
soul or blues."
THE VOICE OF YORlSHIRE, Churchwood, Beckett Park, Leeds LS6 3QS. tel: 0532-832600 Christopher Price, 0532-770202 Victor
Watson [new applicant for Leeds AM &FM licences]
NORTH EAST COMMUNITY RADIO, PO Box 303, Aberdeen AB9 8XA. tel: 0651-891605 Colin Strong [applicant for Aberdeen AM
licence]
WAVES AM, 1-3 Ellis StLeet, Peterhead AB42 6JR. tel: 0779-78872 Norman Spence/Ian Downie [applicant fOL Aberdeen AM
licence]
RADIO Wit, 5 East Drive, Totteridge, High Wycombe, Bucks HP1} 6JN. tel: 0494-472100 Mark Austin, 0494-524857 Jeff Curtis
[winner of High Wycombe AM licence]
COAST COUNTRY FM, The Old Granary, Martley, Worcester WRE 6QA. tel: 0886-888040 Robert Yarnold, 021-628-5986 Mark Williams
[applicant for Severn Estuary regional FM licence] ,
GALAXY RADIO, Broadcast Centre, 25 Portland Square, Bristol BS99 7QQ. tel: 0272-240111 Eddie Startup, 0582-666001 Colin
Mason [applicant for Severn Estuary regional FM licence]
SELECT FM, Osborne Clark, 30 Queen Charlotte Street, Bristol BS99 7QQ. tel: 0272-230220 Mark Furber, 071-267-4680 Chris
Parry-Davies [applicant for Severn Estuary regional FM licence]
RADIO SEVERN, 3 Trinity Court, 21-27 Newport Road, Cardiff CF2 1AA. tel: 0222-484872 David Morris Jones/John Curzon
[applicant for Severn Estuary regional FM licence]
WBLS RADIO, 30 Nevil Road, Bishopston, Bristol BS7 9EQ. tel: 0272-490439 Babs Williams, 0272-558414 Christopher Cave
[applicant for Severn Estuary regional FM licence]
RADIO NEWS PO BOX 514 ~OW MIDDLESEX HAl 4SP tel 081 427 6062 fax 081 861 2694
~ radio news 1993 page 1
2. NEW
Brand new licences for FM stations in
urban areas could be advertised by
the Radio Authority as early as next
year. Plans are underway to allocate
the newly available 105-108 section
of the FM waveband to the launch in
1996 of new commercial stations in
cities where the 88-105 FM portion is
filled. But markets considered to-
already have enough stations may be
passed over.
''We're trying to . bring as many
further services as possible to the
more populated areas," explained
Radio Authority Head of Engineering
Mark Thomas. "If, as the time to
advertise these licences gets closer,
we look at it again and say that
those markets couldn't stand those
extra services, but there is demand
for more localised services
elsewhere, then we split the plan
down, change it and revise it
accordingly."
The Authority's scheme for 105-108 FM
requires agreement with the BBC and
DTI before the new frequencies can be
advertised in 1994/5 alongside the
second stage of re-licencing for
existing stations.
"The options exist to advertise
105-108 frequencies at the same time
or after the re-advertised licence
has been awarded," said Thomas. ''Then
people win know what [station]
they're competing against."
VIRGIN
This is the second and concluding
part of an interview with Virgin
Radio's Joint Programme Directors
Richard Skinner and John Revell.
HOW DID YOU BOTH GET DlVOLVED IN
VIRGIN RADIO?
John: I'd been doing some work for
Virgin Communications, working
alongside David Campbell [Virgin
Radio Chief Executi ve) on a proposal
for BBC Radio 5's youth strand. They
were wanting t o expand into
independent radio production. I'd
written this proposal for Radio 5
which we had heen shortlisted for.
FM CITY STATIONS
Additionally, the 105-108 waveband
may be used for a new licence the
Authority is soon to advertise for a
travel information station along the
H2O motorway in Kent aimed at
motorists using ferries and the
Channel Tunnel. An eight-year
Restricted Service Licence will be
offered for a series of higbly
directional low-power transmitters
along the road between Folkestone and
Maidstone, all on a single FM
frequency. A channel within 105-108
would make the station compatible
with a similar French service planned
for the other end of the Tunnel,
though a frequency in the existing
ILR FM band is still a possibility.
"The constraints on squeezing it in
are different from the constraints
for a local broadcast station," said
Thomas. "So it may be possible to
find frequencies for this service
which we couldn't use for local radio
in the SouthEast. We've got about
four or five possible options which
we're looking at at the moment."
Asked if aspiring radio groups who
had submitted letters of intent might
argue that the Authority should first
satisfy their demand for new local
licences in SouthEast England, Thomas
said: '~e've got a clear conscience
on that issue. We've got Tunbridge
.Wells coming along and there are
about three or four other areas that
we are actively pursuing. The
detailed work that we're having to do
for this is also integrating possible
options for local licences as part of
that study, which may mean that some
of the more localised requirements
can be accaTll'lOdated."
Asked if last year's closure of
Airport Information Radio at Gatwick
and Heathrow airports might not bode
badly for the new project, Thomas
said their failure could be
attributed partly to the
non-involvement of the British
Airports Authority: ''The useful
coverage of this service will be
effectively greater because our
intention is to cover from at least
Folkestone, possibly Dover, to
Maidstone. That's going to give
people their first bytes of
information 20-25 minutes before they
actually get to the first of the
cross-Channel transport systems."
Both EuroTunneI and the Dover Harbour
Board have expressed interest in the
scheme, and the service is expected
to be licenced ready for the Channel
Tunnel opening in December. Asked if
there was evidence of consumer demand
for such a station, Thomas cited
three similar experimental services
on French motorways: "There's a
larger element of guesswork in this
than with most radio services.
Because this is supposed to be an
innovative service, naturally there's
less of a track record than there is
with an ILR or national service."
RADIO INTERVIEW
While I was doing that, I was keeping
my ear abreast of what was happening
with this station as well, and making
comments here and there. Then it
happened over the Xmas period. I got
a call from David Campbell saying:
"This is the situation, I'm the Chief
Executive, I'd like you to come on
board." I said "fantastic."
Richard: I first heard about in on
New Year's Eve. Then in two days we
sorted out the money and there we
were. Then I suddenly left GLR, some
two weeks earlier than I would have
left. They wanted me to work three
weeks more because they have a change
of format coming, going to more
speech, and I went to my first
meeting with this lot [Virgin Radio]
and it became quite clear that it was
rather a daunting prospect putting
this thing together. Virgin wanted me
to start at once so I went back and
proposed that I do two weeks for GLR
but I couldn't do three.
Unfortunately Trevor Dann [GLR
Managing Editor) and I could not come
to any agreement whatsoever, and so I
told him on the Tuesday that I would
do my last show the next day, which I
did. But I didn't resign on the air.
I simply informed the listeners that
it was my last show. But any hot air
that was generated during that period
has gone.
RADIO NEWS PO BOX 514 HARROW MIDDLESEX HA1 4SP tel 081 427 6062 fax 081 861 2694
~ radio news 1993 page 2
..~
3. John: I'm vel~ much into the Virgin
work philosophy so I know exactly how
they work. I set up Virgin FM [Virgin
Megastore's in-house station]. This
was my idea from the very early
stages and then I moved over to Radio
Radio [Virgin's satellite radio
service, now defunct]. That's where I
met David Campbell.
WILL VIRGIN RADIO'S BREAKFAST SHOW
SOUND SIMILAR TO ITS COMPETITORS ON,
SAY, RADIO ONE AND CAPITAL?
Richard: I think it would be
wonderful to provide an alternative.
On every level, that is what this
station is trying to be. It's the
station that doesn't exist yet, so·
everybody listens to something else,
but actually this is the station they
might have always wanted to listen
to. Because it's the music they
listen to at home on tape or on disc.
John: We do want to inject sane
personality into breakfast because
research shows that, no matter how
much of a music fan you are, at
breakfast you still want sanething
that is maybe a bit lighter. And
people tend to dip in to breakfast -
they don't stay with it for the whole
day. So we can make it a bit lighter
and a bit more humorous, but still
playing fantastic music as well in
that three- or four-hour breakfast
show.
WILL THE STATION INCLUDE WHAT'S ON
INFORMATION 1IND NEWS ABOUT MUSIC
ACTIVITIES?
Richard: We' 11 have sanebody who
looks after all that stuff and gives
it to the presenters to put into the
show, but not as music news
bulletins. And DJs will be instructed
to identify what they've played.
WILL ALL THE PROGRAMMING BE
ORIGINATED FROM LONDON?
Richard: We aren't going to be
totally London-based. We will take
shows out, and programmes will cane
from other parts of the country. You
will see presenters from this station
in Scotland, in Belfast, in Wales and
the Midlands and places.
WILL THE PROGRAMMES INCLUDE ARTIST
INTERVIEWS?
Richard: On merit, sane people will
be interviewed, probably even in
prime time strip programming, but it
will not be a regular feature. But if
God decides to step down from the
throne and says he wants to talk to
Virgin, we ~ill probably give him the
airtime. But it won't be "It's eleven
0' clock and time for today's chat."
WILL THE PROGRAMMING INCLUDE A
MAGAZINE SHOW?
Richard: If you want The Story Of Pop
or 25 Years Of Pop, I think the BBC
do it magnificently, and that is
where, for that sort of programming,
by and large, you will still find it.
WHAT QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IS THE
STATION DOING?
John: We will conduct the next lot of
focus group research after we've been
on air about two months. That will be
an ongoing thing - we've got in-house
researcher people who do all that.
It's quite a new area to both Richard
and myself. It's very interesting.
Richard: I've been brought up on the
"make it up as you go along" school
of broadcasting, and it's quite
fascinating to see....
John: What we can do is take the
research and add our bit of "make it
up as you go along. " That is
potentially a very powerful
combination.
Richard: I do believe in gut feel
broadcasting.
WILL YOU BE USING SELECTOR FOR
PLAYLISTS?
Richard: I want this station not to
sound like Selector, but to be
Selector. I want it to sound like
we've just walked in with our
favourite records.
AND WILL THE DJS BE ALLOWED PERSONAL
INPUT INTO THEIR SHOWS?
Richard: Why employ sanebody because
of that and then knock it out of
them? If it became to the detriment
of the format, then we'd have to sit
down and talk about it and say "Look.
We love your enthusiasm, be
enthusiastic, but it's not the whole
show."
HAVE YOU DECIDED THE STAFF STRUCTURE
OF THE STATION?
Richard: There are not going to be
producers per se because Selector
': ,.---.... ... '
does that job.
John: We will have an AM Sequence
Producer who will take care of
breakfast through until midday, then
a PM Sequence Producer who will take
care from midday through to the end
of drivetime. There'll probably be a
Weekend Sequence [Producer] as well.
Richard: As much as anything else,
they're looking after the presenter,
they're making sure that any bits of
gossip out of the papers are used
only once, they're looking after any
guests who do come and go, they're
dealing with phones for phone-in
competitions. It's almost like a
Studio Director as much as anything
else. If a jock gets down, or is
bored, or has a hangover, they'll be
there to jolly them up. There's
nothing more tedious when you're
feeling not really into it than to be
stuck in a room on your own with
three hours of records. You've got to
generate an atmosphere.
Richard: With this radio station, you
will not notice a very radical
difference between one jock and the
next in terms of music feel, because
we intend to fine tune it to the
point that it flows through the day.
Richard: It's very lean. We know from
our experiences you can do that. One
person can just oversee and if
they're taking cuttings from the
newspaper, they just feed them to
their presenters.
John: We've got Sandy Beech from
Atlantic 252. He was actually
employed by Andrew Marshall [Virgin
Radio's former Programme Controller,
since replaced] so we inherited him.
Sandy will be concentrating a lot on
in-house trailers and sweepers
because he's a bit of a whiz kid in
the studio.
Richard: So he's preparing to change
his [DJ] style. He's very committed
to the music and wants to learn to
cool it down and be himself on the
radio. Because he was taught at
Atlantic 252 to be a disc jockey and
we've told him he's got to unlearn
everything he's learnt.
John: He's doing an airshift but
we're not quite sure which one. Some
of the other non-peak presenters will
be doing hands on production.
RADIO NEWS PO BOX 514 .HARROW MIDDLESEX HA1 4SP tel 081 427 6062 fax 081 861 2694<
~ radio news 1993 page 3
4. fnJ WILL THE STATION DIFFERENTIATE
ITSELF FROM ITS COMPETITORS IN THE
RADIO MARKET?
Richard: We have the advantage of
Virgin as a brand name. It comes with
the label on it already. So there's a
perception of quality, slightly
off-the-wall-ness, a rebellious edge.
And when we do name the names of
presenters, they will be known as
people who are very coomitted. Our
media advertising will emphasise the
quality of the music.
John: It's "the edge" as well. I use
the words a lot. Though it's not
going to be radically wildly off the
wall, because it is a commercial
radio station at the end of the day,
and we do have to appeal to the mass
market to survive. But though we can
mainstream it to a large degree, we
will put an edge on it, which most
radio stations don't.
Richard: It can be hard, it can be
soft, it can be dangerous - it can be
all those things. We're unlike any
other commercial radio station apart
from Classic FM. We are a national
radio station and we're going in with
a national attitude. Not even Capital
Radio can have the view that we have
to the whole national •••....• Perhaps
earlier thoughts [of the former
Virgin Radio management team] had
been more small-time. We're still
doing it on a very slim budget,
because that's the nature of radio,
but we are going in there with an ego
tr~t says we're big, we're proud and
we're going to be.......two
heavyweights - Radio One &Virgin.
John: We've taken the brand image
that's already there and is very
strong..•. . ..
Richard: If we were going on the air
as Q-Rock, we'd have to start from
scratch.
Richard: Nobody else is doing what we
are going to do..... .
John: And I think that was the
concern from the [Virgin] hierarchy .
That [under former management] it
didn't have that Virgin edge to it.
Richard: I think they felt that it
needed to be fine tuned.
John: It needed a kick to give it
that edge [claps hands] that
everybody expects from Virgin. And it
wasn't going to have that.
Richard: We can't cooment on any of
the decisions that may have been made
by previous incumbents.
WHO IS VIRGIN RADIO TARGETING?
John: 25-34 is our core age group.
And 20-45 is the overspill.
Richard: And I think we'll crawl up
to near 50 as well, because a lot of
people who are 50 now were 25 yearS
old in 1967. So they were prime album
rock buyers and will probably like a
lot of what we are going to play.
John: I also think a lot of 15 year
aIds are going to tune in and go
"Bloody hell, I've never heard of
Pink Floyd or Led Zeppelin before,
but this is great."
Richard: Go to the States, where
young people have had the opportunity
to hear rock music more for years,
and go and see a band like Pink Floyd
play, and you see people in their 50s
and you see 12-13 year aIds all
screaming for more. Because those
teenagers have more opportunity to
hear the music. Because they don't
hear it [here] by and large, they
don't go for it.
WHAT ARE YOUR PERSONAL AMBITIONS FOR
THE STATION?
Richard: I'd love for it to be
successful enough that we're still
here in a year's time.
John: I'd just like everybody to say
what a great radio station it is,
that it's unpretentious, it plays
great music, and they just like to
listen to it all the time.
Richard: At the moment, people are
saying to me "This is fantastic, this
is the radio station I've always
wanted to listen to." If they say
that to us in a year's time, then we
will have succeeded.
John: I'd like other radio stations
to be more constructive and not just
slag it off because they feel they
should do because it's a new radio
station and there'll be a lot of hype
around it prior to it going on air.
I'd like them to be more constructive
and listen and say it is actually a
very good radio stat i on and they are
playing good music and not just going
"Aargh! They should have done it like
that. I would have done it like that.
Why aren't they hot rockin' it?"
Because that's going to happen.
HOW DO YOU SEE THE RADIO MARKET IN
THE UK?
Richard: A donut with a bloody great
hole in the middle. On the left
you've got top 40, which is largely
dance-orientated and teen. On the
other half, in music radio terms,
you've got gold which a lot of
people wbo are forty listen to
bec~use they can't stick the dance
end. And right in the middle is all
the stuff that I described earlier
that we will play. I can see a move
already from the top 40 end, the FM
locals, to move towards that rock
area themselves, which I think will
happen more when we exist. They will
try to hang on to their potential
lost audience by rocking up slightly.
Richard: I just hope that the fact
that this station comes into
existence doesn't distort the market,
and that all the ILRs don't try to do
a sort of rock-y format, because then
they'll be disenfranchising another
generation. Because the kids would
like to have their dance.
VIRGIN RADIO'S AM FREQUENCY IS STILL
ADISADVANTAGE?
John: If MelIor [David MelIor, then
Home Office Minister] had preferred
Van Halen to Vivaldi, then we would
have been on FM.
Richard: I don't think it makes any
difference . If we do manage to create
a unique product, one that you can't
get elsewhere, people will listen on
medium wave because - why turn your
back just because it's not in stereo,
when some of your favourite records
are being played. And it's not that
the signal won't be audible - its
going to be a very good signal.
John: The research shows that most
people don't really care what [band]
they listen to, if they listen to AM
or FM. Most people don't even know
what they listen to. And also they
say that if the records are
good.... . .. the most important thing
that came out of the research is t he
music is all important.
RADIO NEWS PO BOX 514 F, HARROW MIDDLESEX HAl 4SP tel 081 427 6062 fax 081 861 2694
~ radio news 1993 page 4
5. Richard I have an ambition that maybe
we can do a deal with somebody
involved in the Astra satellite as
well as having our regular AM
transmission on Earth, so that if you
have an Astra dish, you can press
"sound" on the button and at home you
can have us in stereo.
John: I have an ambition that the
government realises that they've got
two classical music stations on FM
serving two very similar audiences,
and a rock station on medium wave
serving a completely different
audience. And why don't they give us
one of those FM channels. It really
is that simple at the end of the day.
Richard: Our product is going to be
good and I think that people will put
up with medium wave to hear what
we're selling.
WHAT WILL BE THE MIX OF NEW AND OLD
RECORDS?
Richard: The 70s/80s is the key
playground area for that central
BBC Radio Bedfordsbire With IIerts &
Bucks finally gives in to common
sense and renames itself Three
Counties Radio from 5 April. New
manned studios are being built in
Milton Keynes and Aylesbury, with
contribution studios in St Albans,
Hemel Hempstead, Hertford, Stevanage
and Welwyn ***** IRN is asking new
commercial stations to pay for the
news service if their area is already
covered by a subscribing station
***** Ronald Neil, the BBC's MD
Regional Broadcasting, said the RAJAR
results demonstrated "the importance
and value of the BBC speech-based
services that set out to meet the
radio needs of Scotland, Wales and
Northern Ireland and the local
communities in England." New MD
Network Radio Liz Forgan said the
results confirmed that BBC Radio was
"Britain's best-loved bargain" *****
As expected, Dame Shirley Porter has
succeeded Christopher Chataway as
Chairman of LSe/London with further
Board appointments in the pipeline
***** Surprising to see so few new
applicant groups attend the Licence
To Fill seminar and, conversely, that
the majority of delegates represented
existing stations facing
r
core.
John: In the afternoon, I can see it
being more established tracks and
recurrents, and not so heavy rotation
of new edgy stuff. And then as the
evening progresses, it turns around
so the nighttime jocks will be
playing harder stuff with the more
familiar stuff popping up
occasionally, which is great coz
nobody does that. We'll be kicking in
all this new stuff but though its
new, it will be accessible and
radio-friendly.
Richard: We've looked at the research
and we know, as near as anybody can
know, what audience is there at
particular dayparts, and we tailor
the music to those dayparts.
John: But also, we do believe as well
that the research is only there as a
guide and ultimately good radio is
about gut feel and what you feel is
right.
WHICH STATIONS WILL YOU WIN YOUR
RADIO WAVES
re-application. Did the presence of
BBC GLR's Trevor Dann and Jon Myer
herald a rock station bid in London
now that GLR is so speech-orientated?
' ***** Rationalisation of BBC radio in
Scotland at the beginning of this
month sees local morning magazine
shows on Radios Highland, Aberdeen,
Solway and Tweed replaced by a
relay of Radio Scotland. "Staff in
the four community stations and
broadcasting centres will turn their
attention to the development of new
programmes to be heard across the
country," explained James Boyle, Head
of BBC Radio Srotland ***** The
British Library's National Sound
Archive has acquired tape collections
of offshore pirates (including Radio
Caroline) and has printed summaries
of them (071-589-6603) ***** Licence
applicant !FM/London stages an
outdoor event called Great
Xpectations in Finsbury Park on 13
Jun in support of its
alternative/indie bid. Acts confirmed
are The Cure, Carter USM and Sugar
***** The right-wing Freedom
Association group has written to BBC
Governors denouncing new appointee
Liz Forgan' s "long record of
hostility to political impartiality
AUDIENCE FROPf!
Richard: I think it will be ILR.
John: There are a lot of people who
listen to Radio One across the
country because there isn't anything
else. I think that there are a lot of
our target age group outside London.
Radio One's reach in London is very
poor and, outside of London, a lot of
people listen to it purely because
they have nothing else to listen to.
I think we could probably ,make a lot
of inroads into their audiences
outside of London.
John: I think it would be foolish of
Radio One just to completely turn
around their music policy overnight
to take us head-on.
[VIRGIN RADIO HAS CONFIRMED THAT
EX-CAPITAL DJ RUSS WILLIAMS WILL
PRESENT WEEKDAYS 1-4PM, WHILST
RICHARD SKINNER HIMSELF WILL PRESENT
THE DAILY MORNING SH<X<1. RUMOURS ARE
CIRCULATING THAT MITCH JOHNSON WILL
BE THE BREAKFAST DJ]
in broadcasting" ***** How timely!
London's Evening Standard printed a
glowing full-page profile of Capital
FM breakfast DJ Chris Tarrant only
months before his contract, allegedly
worth £100-300k a year, comes up for
renegotiation ***** And, on the
subject of dosh, GLR/London's Chris
Evans reportedly earns a £350k salary
from TV's Big Breakfast ***** The
Radio Authority has confirmed the
frequencies of the two new Londonwide
AM licences advertised next month are
1458 (ex-GLR) and 1035 (ex-BBC
Radio Kent) ***** Radio 4' s News
Stand and Radio Programme shows will
be replaced by a Sunday morning
half-hour media programme this
autumn, for which bids are open to
independent producers *****
Celebrating Essex Radio's
unchallenged bids for the re-licenced
Southend/Chelmsford AM/FMs, Chief
Executive Philip Hinton said: "In
spite of there being no competition
on the day for our licences, we wish
t o assure the people of Essex that we
have approached this re-licensing
procedure as if competition would be
intense"
RADIO NEWS PO BOX 514 HARROW MIDDLESEX HA1 4SP tel 081 427 6062 fax 081 861 2694<
4radio news 1993 page 5
6. RADIO DIARY
24 FEB THE GREEN PAPER & THE FUTURE OF THE BBC seminar at Committee Room 14, House Of Commons, 5-6.3Opm with Heritage
~ister Peter Brooke. £4. Voice Of The Listener & Viewer, 101 Kings Drive, Gravesend, Kent DA12 5BQ tel: 0474-352835
2 MAR LUTON/BEDFORD closing date for licence re-applications for AM & FM services serving 1.03m and 0.68rn adults
respectively. Info: Radio Authority
2 MAR NORTHAMPTON closing date for licence re-applications for AM & FM services serving 540,000 and 320,000 adults
respectively. Info: Radio Authority
2 MAR . AYR closing date for licence re-applications for AM &FM services serving 510,000 and 220,000 adults respectively.
Info: Radio Authority
3/4/5/6 MAR 24TH ANNUAL COUNTRY RADIO SEMINAR at Opryland Hotel & Convention Centre, Nashville, USA. Country Radio
Broadcasters Inc. tel: 0101-615-327-4487
3 MAR RADIO ACADEMY MUSIC CONFERENCE at The Brewery, London ECl. £116.32. Info: The Radio Academy, PO Box 4SZ, London W1A
4SZ. tel: 071-323-3837
9 MAR SCARBOROUGH closing date for new licence serving 65,000 adults on AM or FM. Info: Radio Authority
10 MAR WHAT FUTURE FOR FARMING & RURAL PROGRAMMES? debate at Abbey Centre, London SW1 2-4.3Opm, £10. Voice Of The Listener
& Viewer, 101 Kings Drive, Gravesend, Kent DA12 5BQ tel: 0474-352835 _J
16 MAR WHAT FUTURE FOR LIVE MUSIC? debate at Committee Room, House of Commons 6-7.3Opm. Voice Of The Listener &Viewer,
101 Kings Drive, Gravesend, Kent DA12 5BQ tel: 0474-352835
16 MAR NORTHWEST ENGLAND closing date for new regional FM licence serving 4.3 million adults. Info: Radio Authority
18 MAR FOCUS ON RADIO (2) debate on Speech Radio at BT Conference Centre, Newgate Street, London EC1. Info: The Radio
Academy, PO Box 4SZ, London WlA 4SZ Tel: 071-323-3837
213/4 !PR WHAT FUTURE FOR PUBLIC SERVICE BROADCASTING? - AGLOBAL ENQUIRY FOR LISTENERS &VIEWERS conference in London.
Voice Of The Listener &Viewer, 101 Kings Drive, Gravesend, Kent DA12 5BQ tel: 0474-352835
6 !PR COVENTRY closing date for licence re-applications for AM & FM services serving 620,000 and 530,000 adults
respectively. Info: Radio Authority
6 !PR DUNDEE/PERTH closing date for licence re-applications for AM &FM services serving 280,000 and 240,000 adults
respectively. Info: Radio Authority
20 !PR FOCUS ON RADIO (3) debate on music radio at BT Conference Centre, Newgate Street, London EC1. Info: The Radio
Academy, PO Box 4SZ, London WlA 4SZ Tel: 071-323-3837
19/20/21/22 !PR NAB 93 organised by the National Association of Broadcasters at the Las Vegas Convention Centre. Info:
202-429-5350
20 !PR LONDONDERRY closing date for new local FM licence serving 100,000 adults. Info: Radio Authority
4 MAY NORTHEAST ENGLAND closing date for new regional FM licence serving 1.9m adults. Info: Radio Authority
4 MAY PETERBOROUGH closing date for licence re-applications for AM &FM services serving 575,000 and 225,000 adults
respectively. Info: Radio Authority
11 MAY WHAT ABOUT THE WORKERS? (3) at BBC Pebble Mill, Birmingham. Info: The Radio Academy, PO Box 4SZ, London W1A 4SZ
Tel: 071-323-3837
25 JUN APRS 93 at Olympia 2, London
12 JUL COMMUNITY RADIO - TRAINING GROUND? pre-Radio Festival conference on training, run jointly with the Community Radio
Association. Info: The Radio Academy, PO Box 4SZ, London W1A 4SZ Tel: 071-323-3837
13/14 JUL RADIO FESTIVAL at International Convention Centre, Birmingham. Info: Radio Academy, PO Box 4SZ, London W1A 4SZ
tel :071-323-3837
9 DEe PATRON LUNCH at The Savoy, London WC2. Info: The Radio Academy, PO Box 4SZ, London W1A 4SZ Tel: 071-323-3837
AIRMAIL PRINTED PAPER
RADIO NEWS PO BOX 514 HARROW MIDDLESEX HA1 4SP tel 081 427 6062 fax 081 861 2694
, radio news 1993 page 6