This document provides a summary of 51 grammar topics in English for conversation. The topics covered include: parts of speech like nouns, verbs, adjectives; tenses like simple present, past, future; pronouns; possession; word order; question tags; passive voice; relative clauses; and more. The document is intended to teach English grammar structures that are commonly used in conversation.

1. 1
‫ﮔﺮاﻣﺮ‬
‫ﻣﮑﺎﻟﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬
‫زﺑﺎن‬
‫اﻧﮕﻠ‬
‫ﯿ‬
‫ﺴﯽ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺨﻪ‬
1
-
‫ﺑﻬﺎﺭ‬
1383
‫ﺳﻌ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺪ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﭘﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
from ielts2.com

2. 2
‫ﻨﺸﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺯﻜﺎﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻴﺮ‬
from ielts2.com

3. 3
‫ﻟ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺴﺖ‬
:
‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
1
.
‫ﻣﺆﻟﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
8
2
.
‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻣﻔ‬ ‫ﮐﺴﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﯼ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫؟‬
10
3
.
‫ﻋﻼ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ‬
‫ﺟﺰﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﮑﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺋﻢ‬
11
4
.
‫ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬
)
‫ﺳﺮﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
ِ
‫ﺮ‬‫ﮔﺮﺍﻣ‬
‫ﺍﺟﺰﺍﯼ‬
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﮏ‬
(
12
•
‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬
•
‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻳﺮ‬
•
‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
•
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺪ‬
•
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺪ‬
•
‫ﻣﻠﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺖ‬
•
‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬
•
‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻳﺮ‬
•
‫ﻣﻠﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺎﺕ‬
•
‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬
)
‫ﻣﻌﻴﻦ‬
(
•
‫ﺗﻌﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻒ‬
The
•
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬
•
‫ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ‬
must
‫ﻭ‬
have to
5
.
‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
)
‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬
(
23
6
.
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬
26
7
.
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
30
8
.
‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
33
9
.
To Do
36
10
.
‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮﻱ‬
38
11
.
‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
:
Simple future tense
42
12
.
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﺑﻂ‬
44
13
.
‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬
tell & say
47
14
.
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬
48
15
.
‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑ‬
50
16
.
‫ﻣﻠﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻳﺮ‬
53
from ielts2.com

4. 4
17
.
‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺖ‬
:
54
18
.
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‬
»
‫ﺍﺯ‬
«
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
55
19
.
»
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
«
Future Continuous Tense
58
20
.
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺎﺑﻖ‬
:
Sequence of tenses
61
21
.
»
Used to
«
62
22
.
»
‫ﺳﺆﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻴﻤﻪ‬
«
Question tag
66
23
.
‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ‬
Avoid Repatition
69
24
.
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ‬
The additions
71
25
.
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
Æ
CAN
73
26
.
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
Æ
MUST
73
27
.
‫ﺩ‬
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺭ‬
Æ
WANT
74
28
.
Some &any
76
29
.
‫ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻳﺮ‬
78
30
.
‫ﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻜﻴﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬
82
31
.
‫ﻣﻠﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‬
:
possesive forms
84
32
.
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﺑﻂ‬
:
Putting two sentences together
85
33
.
‫ﺳﺆﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
86
34
.
Reflexive pronouns (self )
‫ﺍﻧﻌﻜﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻳﺮ‬
87
35
.
Here & There
89
36
.
‫ﺑﺤﺚ‬
»
it
«
92
37
.
‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺻﺮﻑ‬
16
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
94
38
.
»
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻭﻑ‬
«
95
39
.
‫ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬
)
‫ﻧﻘﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻲ‬
: (
100
40
.
»
‫ﺑﻌﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻲ‬
«
)
‫ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬
(
106
41
.
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬
108
42
.
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬
109
43
.
‫ﺻﻔﺖ‬
adjective
111
44
.
The same as
115
45
.
‫ﻗﻴﺪ‬
adverb
118
46
.
‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺗﻲ‬
:
(very, too, enough)
intensifiers
123
47
.
Such
127
48
.
‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ‬
too
‫و‬
enough
129
49
.
»
‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬
«
»
Other
«
130
50
.
‫ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻳﺮ‬
Relative Pronouns
136
from ielts2.com

5. 5
51
.
‫ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
141
52
.
‫ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﺓ‬
145
53
.
‫ﺷﺮﻃﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
Conditionals
146
54
.
Otherwise
»
‫ﻭﺍﻻ‬
«
149
55
.
»
Wish
«
‫ﻛﺎﺵ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺷﻜﻲ‬
150
56
.
‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬
if
151
57
.
‫ﺍﺳ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺘﺶ‬
‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
»
It is time
«
151
58
.
‫ﺣﺬﻑ‬
IF
152
59
.
Unless
153
60
.
Would rather
154
61
.
as if – as though
156
62
.
)
‫ﻣﺒﺎ‬
‫ﻧﻜﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍ‬
(
»
in Case
«
157
63
.
Both
158
64
.
‫ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺖ‬
:
active & passive voice
159
•
‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺖ‬
•
‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺖ‬
•
‫ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ‬
•
‫ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻪ‬
•
‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻳﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
•
‫ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺳﺌﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺳﺌﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
•
‫ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺳﺌﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
•
‫ﻗﻴﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻱ‬
‫ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
:
•
‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻝ‬
.
•
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻳﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻝ‬
.
•
‫ﺍﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻝ‬
65
.
‫ﺳﺒﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
:
170
66
.
‫ﺳﺒﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻬﻮﻝ‬
171
67
.
‫ﻗﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬
reported speach
172
68
.
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬
Indirect speech
173
•
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺒﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
.
•
‫ﺧﺒـﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺷﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
•
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺌﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
•
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺌﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬
:
•
‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﺌﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬
.
•
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
:
from ielts2.com

6. 6
•
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬
:
•
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺠﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻪ‬
:
69
.
‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬
( gerund )
181
70
.
‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﻬﺎﻳﻲ‬
to
184
from ielts2.com

7. 7
from ielts2.com

8. 8
‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺆﻟﻒ‬
:
‫ﭘ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺸﺮﻓﺖ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺑﺴ‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﮑﻨﻮﻟﻮﮊﯼ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻊ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺎﺩﯼ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﯼ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺗﻬ‬ ‫ﺴﻲ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻪ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮑﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺸﻮﻧﺪ‬
‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮ‬ ،‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻘﻘﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺴ‬
‫ﻲ‬
،
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺎﺩﮔ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺮﯼ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮﯼ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﯽ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻧﻬﺎﯼ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻧﺎﭘﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺘﻨﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻬﯽ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺮ‬
.
‫ﺣﺘﯽ‬
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺎﺩﮔ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺮﯼ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻏ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﮑﻦ‬ ‫ﺮ‬
‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺎﺯ‬
،
‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬
‫ﻣ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺘﻮﺍﻧ‬
‫ﺪ‬
‫ﺁﻧﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺎﺩ‬
‫ﺑ‬
‫ﮕ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺩ‬
.
‫ﻗﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
،‫ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ‬
‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﺏ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﮐﺸ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺪ‬
،
‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻨﮕﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻘـﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﭼﺸ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺪ‬
.
‫ﺍﻭﻟ‬
‫ﻴ‬
،‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺎﺩﮔ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺍﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﺮﯼ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬
.
‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎﺑﻬﺎﯼ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺷﺒﺨﺘﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺯﻣ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺸﻤﺎﺭﯼ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺴﯽ‬
‫ﺳﺎ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﮐﺸﻮﺭﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬
.
‫ﺫﮐﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻳﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺟﺰﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺴﺖ‬
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬
‫ﺑﺴ‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺷﺮﻭﻉ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺍﻣﺮ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ‬ ‫ﯽ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺑﺴ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪﯼ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﯼ‬ ‫ﻟﺬﺍ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻗﺒﻼ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﯼ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺑﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺴﯽ‬
‫ﺵ‬
‫ﺩ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺪﻩ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﮏ‬
‫ﺟﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺁﻭﺭﯼ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩ‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﭽﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻭﺭ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺪﺍﻧﻨﺪ‬
.
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺍﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻳﺰ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻪ‬
‫ﭼﺸﻤﮕﻴﺮﯼ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺒﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻳﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﮑﺎﻟﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﯽ‬ ‫ﺁﺳﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪﯼ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪﻩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻮﯼ‬
‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﮑﺎﻟﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
.
‫ﺗ‬
‫ﻔﺎ‬
‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮﯼ‬ ‫ﻭﺕ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪﻩ‬
،‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣ‬
‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺎﻧﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﮑﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻫﺎﯼ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻮﯼ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻧﺸﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺧﺴﺘﮕﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬
.
‫ﻧﻪ‬ ،‫ﻗﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻭﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﻟﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻧﺪﯼ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﮑﺮﺍﺭﯼ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬
.
‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺁ‬
‫ﻃﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺯﺷﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﯼ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻟ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﯼ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻟﻒ‬
‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻼﺣﺎﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
‫ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬
.
‫ﻻ‬
،‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺫﮐﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﻡ‬
‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﭻ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭﺍﺗﻲ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﯽ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﯼ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﮑﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺘﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻟﻒ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﭼﺸﻢ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻭﯼ‬ ‫ﺍﻃﻼﻉ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺯﺷﻤﻨﺪﺗﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺪ‬
.
‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺁ‬
‫ﺧﺮ‬
‫ﭘﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺗﻼ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺰﻳﺰﻡ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﯼ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﮓ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﯼ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺵ‬
‫ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﻭﺭﯼ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺎﺩﮔ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺮﯼ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺴﯽ‬
‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻋﺰ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺎﻃﺮ‬ ‫ﺰﻡ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮕ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﺩ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺰﻩ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺎﺩﮔ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺮﯼ‬
‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻧﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﮑﺮ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻢ‬
.
‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺍﻧﻘﺪﺭﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻟ‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﯽ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻑ‬
‫ﺑﺴ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻼﺡ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺎﺭﯼ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺟﺰﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺴ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻧﻤ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﺭﺩﺍﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﮑﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﮐﻤﮏ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻤﯽ‬ ‫ﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺎﻳ‬
‫ﻢ‬
.
‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺎﺋﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺱ‬ ‫ﺁﻗﺎﯼ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺍﻧﻘﺪﺭﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺯﻣ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺎﺩﯼ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺗﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺲ‬
،
‫ﻣﻮﻟﻒ‬
‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺯﻣ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﻨﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﭗ‬
‫ﺗ‬
‫ﻬ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻪ‬
‫ﺘ‬
‫ﻘﺒﻞ‬
‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺯﺣﻤﺎﺕ‬
.
‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻏﺮ‬
‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻕ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﯼ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻧﺒﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﺮﮔﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
.
‫ﻫﻤﭽﻨ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍﺭﺟﻤﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻡ‬
‫ﺟﻨﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺁ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺭﺿﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﯼ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺎﺗ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺴﯽ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻟ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﺠﺎﻧﺐ‬
‫ﻬﺎﯼ‬
‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬
‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺎﺩﮔ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺮﯼ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﻖ‬ ‫ﻌﻨﯽ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺎﺩﮔ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺮﯼ‬
‫ﻫﻤﻪ‬
‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶ‬
‫ﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﮑﺮ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
.
from ielts2.com

9. 9
‫ﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺧﺮﺳﻨﺪﯼ‬ ‫ﮐﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
:
‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺪﮎ‬
‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﯽ‬ ‫ﻫﺪﻳﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬
:
‫ﺷ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺘﺮﻡ‬
‫ﺳﻌ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﭘﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺑﻬﺎﺭ‬
1383
‫ﻧﺴﺨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺭﺍﻳﮕﺎﻥ‬
،
‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬
‫ﺑ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻪ‬
‫ﻳﺎﺩﮔﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺍﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﯼ‬
‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻤﮏ‬
‫ﻣﮑﺎﻟﻤﻪ‬
‫ﻫﻴﭽ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬
‫ﮕﻮﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺖ‬
‫ﻧﻤﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪ‬
.
‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻄﻔﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻔﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻳﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﻭﻩ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺑﻔﺮﺳﺘﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻨﮏ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻞ‬
.
‫ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻼﺣﻲ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻟﻄﻔﺎ‬
‫ﻪ‬
‫ﺁﺩﺭﺱ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﭘﺴﺖ‬
‫ﻟﮑﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﮑﻲ‬
edu
.
uta
.
enayatpour@ce
‫ﺑﻔﺮﺳﺘﻴﺪ‬
.
‫ﺍﻳﻨﺘﺮﻧﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺁﺩﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﯼ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﯼ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺨﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺯﻳﺮ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﻠﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬
.
htm
.
mynotes
/
hmpg
/
~enayatpour
/
edu
.
uta
.
ce
-
www
://
http
from ielts2.com

10. 10
‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻣﻔ‬ ‫ﮐﺴﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﯼ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫؟‬
‫ﺑﺮﺍﯼ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻔﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻭﻫﻬﺎﯼ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬
.
‫ﺩﺑﻴﺮﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ ،‫ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﯽ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶ‬
‫ﺩﺍﻭﻃﻠﺒ‬ ،‫ﺳﺮﺍﺳﺮﯼ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﮑﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﻃﻠﺒﻴﻦ‬ ،
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﯽ‬
TOEFL
،
,MCHE
,IELTS
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺳﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﯼ‬ ،‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻧﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺖ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺷﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﮑﺎﻟﻤﻪ‬
.
from ielts2.com

11. 11
‫ﺟﺰﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﮑﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ‬
:
‫ﮐﻤﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺎﺕ‬
‫ﭘ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺸ‬
‫ﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬
:
‫ﻗﺼﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﯼ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﯼ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺎﺩ‬
‫ﮔ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺮﯼ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺩﺍﻭﻃﻠﺒ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻸ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﯽ‬
TOEFL
،
IELTS
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺳﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺮ‬
.
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺎﺩ‬
‫ﮔ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺮﯼ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺩﺍﻭﻃﻠﺒ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺍﺳﺮﯼ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﮑﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻪ‬
‫ﻧﻤ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺸﻮﺩ‬
.
‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻦ‬
‫ﺭﻧﮕ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ‬
.
‫ﮐﻤﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺎﺕ‬
‫ﭘ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺸ‬
‫ﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬
:
‫ﻗﺼﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩﯼ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﯼ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﮔ‬ ‫ﺎﺩ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺮﯼ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻧﮑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﺩﺍﻭﻃﻠﺒ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻸ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﯽ‬
TOEFL
،
IELTS
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺳﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
.
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﮔ‬ ‫ﺎﺩ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺮﯼ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺩﺍﻭﻃﻠﺒ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﮐﻨﮑﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺍﺳﺮﯼ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻧﻤ‬ ‫ﻪ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺸﻮﺩ‬
.
‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﺭﻧﮕ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﻞ‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬
.
‫ﺗﻤﺮ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺟﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺎﺩﮔ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺮﯼ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺸﺘﺮ‬
:
‫ﺩﺭﺳﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﮐﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﭘﺲ‬
‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﮔﻴﺮﯼ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺑﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‬
.
‫ﻧﮑ‬
‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺎﺗﯽ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺎﺯ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﻔﺎﻫﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﮑﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻦ‬
:
‫ﺟﻬﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺩﮔﻴﺮﯼ‬
.
‫ﺗﮑﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﯼ‬ ‫ﺟﺰﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﯼ‬
.
from ielts2.com

12. 12
‫ﺧﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬
:
‫ﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺪ‬
+
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺪ‬
+
‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬
+
‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
+
‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬
‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬
:
‫ﻣ‬ ،‫ﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ‬
‫ﻛﻪ‬ ،‫ﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺜﻞ‬
‫ﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻮﻳﺴﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ‬
.
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬
.
‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻳﺮ‬
‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ‬
:
‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬
→
I ‫ﻣﺎ‬
→
we
‫ﺗﻮ‬
→
you ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬
→
you
‫ﺍﻭ‬
→
he
‫ﺍﻭ‬
→
she
‫ﺁﻥ‬
→
it
‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬
→
they
‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬
:
‫ﻣﻴﺪﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﻱ‬
.
‫ﺗﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﯼ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻞ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
)
‫ﻥ‬
(
‫ﮐـﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑـﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻌـﻞ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬
.
‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ‬
)
‫ﻥ‬
(
‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
,
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺴﯽ‬
to
‫ﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
.
to
⇒
‫ﻥ‬
→
‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ‬
→
‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
see
I
see
to ⇒
You see
They see
from ielts2.com

13. 13
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺪ‬
:
‫ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻞ‬
.
‫ﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
at home
‫ﻛﻼﺱ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
in the class
‫ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ‬
here
‫ﻣﺪﺭﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
at school
‫ﺁﻧﺠﺎ‬
there
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺪ‬
:
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
‫ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬
.
‫ﻣﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬
every other day
‫ﺩﻳﺮﻭﺯ‬
yesterday
‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬
every day
‫ﺍﻣــﺮﻭﺯ‬
today
‫ﻓﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﻱ‬
on odd days
‫ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺯﻭﺝ‬
on even days
‫ﻣﻠﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺖ‬
:
‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻜﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺎﺗﻲ‬
‫ﺭﺳـﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣـﻲ‬
.
‫ﺯﺑـﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺁﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ‬
.
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﺹ‬
:
1
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ـ‬
2
‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬ ‫ـ‬
3
‫ﺻﻔﺘ‬ ‫ﺑﺠﺰ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﭽﮕﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺵ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ـ‬
‫ﻬﺎﯼ‬
this
‫ﻭ‬
that
‫ﺟﻤـﻊ‬ ،‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬
‫ﻳـ‬
‫ﻣﻔـﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ‬
:
books
these
book
this PL
→

these
this →
cars
those
car
that PL
→

those
that →
‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬
:
‫ﺩﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﭼﻴﺰﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬
.
‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‬
:
‫ﺩﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻦ‬
.
Hassan saw Ali
‫ﺩﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻦ‬
.
Hassan saw him
from ielts2.com

14. 14
‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﻳﺮ‬
‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ‬
:
‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺍ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
me ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
us
‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﻮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮـ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
you ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
You
‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
him
‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻭـ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
)
‫ﺯﻥ‬
(
her
‫ﺁﻧﺮﺍ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
it
‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
them
‫ﻣﻠﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ‬
:
‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻝ‬
my ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻝ‬
our
‫ﺗﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻝ‬
your ‫ﺗﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻝ‬
your
‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻝ‬
his
‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻝ‬
her
‫ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻝ‬
its
‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻝ‬
their
‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬
)
‫ﻣﻌﻴﻦ‬
:(
‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﺍﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺁﻧﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻌـﺪ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺁﻳـﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
to
‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺟـﺰ‬ ‫ﺑـﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻳـﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤـﻲ‬
ought to
‫ﻭ‬
used to
.
‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‬
:
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ‬
may
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
should
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
must
‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻦ‬
can
from ielts2.com

15. 15
‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺖ‬
:
1
-
‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﺻﻠﻲ‬
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
2
-
،‫ﺷﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠـﻪ‬ ،‫ﺟﻤﻠـﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺑـﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻓـﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺑـﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻜـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﺌﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻼﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﺌﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
)
‫ﺁﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻟﺤﻦ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻣﮕﺮ‬ ‫ـ‬
(
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺑـﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﻤـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﺌﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﺌﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ‬
‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
do
‫ﻭ‬
does
‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬
.
‫ﺳ‬
‫ﺆ‬
‫ﺍﻟﯽ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺳ‬
‫ﺆ‬
‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﯽ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬
Can you go?
Can you?
‫ﺁﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻣﮕﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻭﻱ؟‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻟﺤﻦ‬
You can?
‫ﺑﺮﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻧﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
I can go
‫ﺗﺬﮐﺮ‬
:
‫ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ‬
I
‫ﻭ‬
we
‫ﺑﻪ‬
you
‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
:
?
you
are
am
I →
3
-
‫ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
)
‫ﻥ‬
(
‫ﻣﻨﻔـﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
‫ﻛﺮ‬
، ‫ﻛﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻥ‬
(not)
‫ﺑﻨﻮﻳﺴﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻔﻒ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
.
‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮ‬
:
‫ﺍﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬
am not
‫ﻭ‬
may not
‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻔﻒ‬
.
t
Can
not
Can '
→
t
won
not
will '
→
t
mustn
not
must '
→
t
Shan
not
Shall '
→
t
isn
not
is '
→
t
aren
not
are '
→
from ielts2.com

16. 16
not
am
not
am →
not
may
not
may →
4
‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﺌﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ـ‬
:
‫ﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵ‬
:
‫ﺑﺮﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻔﻒ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬
.
‫ﺩﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺵ‬
:
‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
not
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻔﻒ‬
not
‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻗـﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻳﺶ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬
‫ﺩﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
.
‫ﺁﻳ‬
‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻣﮕﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻭﻱ؟‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻴﺘﻮﺍﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻟﺤﻦ‬
You can’t go → can’t you go?
You can not go → can you not go?
‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‬
:
‫ﻣﻌﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺘﻘﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﻲ‬
‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬
was-were
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬
To be(am-is-are)
-
Has-had
‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬
Have
-
Does-did
‫ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬
Do
‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻦ‬
can
‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺴﺘﻦ‬
could
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻣﺖ‬
Should
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻣﺖ‬
Shall
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻣﺖ‬
Would
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻣﺖ‬
Will
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ‬
Might
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ‬
May
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
Had to
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
Must
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
ought to
from ielts2.com

17. 17
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳﺎﺑﻘ‬
Used to
‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﺝ‬
need
‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﺃﺕ‬
Dare
‫ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺢ‬
Would rather
‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮ‬
‫ﻩ‬
Had better
The
:
‫ﺗﻌﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻒ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻩ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ‬
،
)
‫ﻛﺴﺮﻩ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬
(
I eat apple.
I eat the apple.
I eat the apple which is red.
‫ﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
"
‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺭﻡ‬
"
‫ﺳ‬ ،
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺸﻮﺩ‬
.
‫ﺩﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
"
‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻣ‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺭﻡ‬
"
،
‫ﺳ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻒ‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬
. .
‫ﺳﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
"
‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻣ‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺭﻡ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺒ‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﮐﻪ‬
،‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﻣﺰ‬
‫ﻣ‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺭﻡ‬
"
‫ﺳ‬ ،
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺩﻗ‬ ،
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻘﺘﺮ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻒ‬
‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬
.
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬
‫ﻳﻲ‬
:
‫ﻓﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﮔﻮﻧـﺎﮔﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻠﻬﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻬﺎﻱ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﭘﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
،
‫ﮔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺒﺮﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻧ‬
‫ﻳﻌﻨـﻲ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
am-is-are
‫ﺑﻪ‬
be
‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬
to have
‫ﺷـﻜﻠﻬﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺑـﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻫـﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻬﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬
‫ﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺒﺮﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻝ‬
.
from ielts2.com

18. 18
have
can
I
have
I → be
must
I
am
I →
have
can
you
have
you → be
can
You
are
You →
have
can
They
have
They → be
must
he
is
He →
have
can
we
have
We →
have
can
she
has
She →
Have Am
to have Is Be
Has are
‫ﺗﻤﺮ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
:
‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺮ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﮐﻨ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﯽ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺪ‬
.
1
‫ﻛﻨﻲ؟‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻴﺘﻮﺍﻧﻲ‬ ‫ـ‬
2
‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﺎ‬ ‫ـ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﺎ‬
2
‫ﺑﺪﻫﻲ؟‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬
3
‫ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻢ؟‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺍﺧﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﺎ‬ ‫ـ‬
4
‫ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ؟‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﺎ‬ ‫ـ‬
5
‫ﺩﻫﻲ؟‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﺵ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﺎ‬ ‫ـ‬
6
‫ﻛﻼﺱ؟‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺩﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺘﻮﻧﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ـ‬
7
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺮﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺪﺭﻡ‬ ‫ـ‬
.
8
‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺮﻫﺎﻳﻢ‬ ‫ـ‬
.
9
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳ‬ ‫ـ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻨﺸﺎﻥ‬
.
10
‫ﺑﺨﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺪﺭﻡ‬ ‫ـ‬
.
11
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ـ‬
.
from ielts2.com

19. 19
‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ‬
:
1. Can’t you help me here every day?
2. Mustn’t you teach us here every other day at 2 o’clock?
3. Am I not bad tempered?
4. Don’t they study here every day?
5. Don’t you listen to the teacher every day?
6. Can I be polite in class?
7. My father must be kind at home.
8. My sisters may be lazy.
9. Their parents can be here.
10. My father can have lunch.
11. He may have a car
‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ‬
"
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬
‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺯ‬
"
:
1
-
‫ﻋﻼﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
(to)
‫ﺑﺮﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻭ‬
2
-
‫ﺑﻴﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
to
‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺠﺰ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻡ‬
ought to
‫ﻭ‬
)
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳﺎﺑﻘ‬
:
used
to
(
.
‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﻬﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
To be
‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
(am-is-are)
‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
To have
‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬
has
‫ﻭ‬
have
‫ﺑﺮﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺘﻲ‬
)
am-is-are
‫ﻭ‬
have-has
(
‫ﺧﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬
)
have , be
(
‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
.
‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬
:
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻧﻤﻮﺩ‬
pretend
‫ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻦ‬
want
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻨﺎﻉ‬
refuse
‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺳﺖ‬
like
‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺪ‬
plan
‫ﻣﺎﻳﻞ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬
would like
‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬
decide
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻴﺪﻭﺍﺭ‬
hope
‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺪ‬
intend
‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺁﺭﺯﻭ‬
wish
from ielts2.com

20. 20
‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺪ‬
be going to
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﻌﻲ‬
try
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﻔﺮ‬
hate
‫ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻝ‬
promise
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﻔﺮ‬
dislike
‫ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻴﺢ‬
prefer
‫ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ‬
must
‫ﻭ‬
: have to
)
‫ﺗﺎﻛﻴﺪ‬
‫ﺯﻳﺎﺩ‬
(
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻭﻡ‬
I must go
‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭﻡ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻭﻡ‬
I have to go
)
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬
(





to
has
to
have
must
‫ﺗﺬﮐﺮ‬
:
‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬
must
،
had to
‫ﻣ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬
.
‫ﺗﺬﮐﺮ‬
:
‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
has , have
‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬
.
‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻫﺎﺭﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺭﺩ‬
.
I will have my lunch.
‫ﺍﻭ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﮐﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﮏ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬
.
She has a book.
have
‫ﺧﻮردن‬ ‫و‬ ‫داﺷﺘﻦ‬
→
‫اﺳﻢ‬
+
has
‫ﺗﺬﮐﺮ‬
:
‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
has , have
)
to
(
‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻳﺪ‬
.
have
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭ‬
→
to
+
has
from ielts2.com

21. 21
‫ﺗﻤﺮ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
:
‫ﺍﻟﻒ‬
(
،‫ﻣﺜﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬
‫ﺳﺌﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬
،
‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬
‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺳﺌﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬
‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺑﻨﻮﻳﺴﻴﺪ؟‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬
1
‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻫﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﺵ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ـ‬
.
2
‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ـ‬
.
3
‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ـ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺩﺏ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﺪ‬
.
4
‫ـ‬
‫ﺍﻭ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺩ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﺪ‬
.
5
‫ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺯﺭﻧﮓ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺴﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ـ‬
.
‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ‬
:
1. They want to listen to the teacher every day.
• Do they want to listen to the teacher every day?
• They don’t want to listen to teacher every day.
• Don’t they want to listen to teacher every day?
2. I must speak English every day.
3. You want to be polite here.
4. He likes to have a car.
5. We decide to be clever this year.
‫ﺏ‬
(
‫ﺟﻤﻼ‬
‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻧﻤﺎﺋ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻼﺡ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺍﻧﺘﺰ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺮ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺪ‬
.
1. They Study engineering ( Plan:‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺪ‬ )
2. Most students succeed (want)
3. We understand the lesson. (Pretend: )
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻧﻤﻮﺩ‬
4. I work hard. (Promise )
5. Most of the people fact/tell the truth. (refuse)
6. You are very successful. (can)
7. They practice sentence patterns (must)
8. Many students ask questions (may)
9. We are polite. (Ought to)
10. I dine with you. (would like)
11. We play football. (prefer)
from ielts2.com

22. 22
‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ‬
:
1. They Plan to Study engineering
2. Most students want to succeed.
3. We pretend to understand the lesson.
4. I promise to work hard.
5. Most of the people refuse to fact/tell the truth.
6. You can be very successful.
7. They must practice sentence patterns.
8. Many students may ask questions.
May they not ask questions?
May not they ask questions?
9. We ought to be polite.
Ought you to be polite? Are you ought to polite?
→
‫ﺳﺌﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬
You ought not to be polite. You aren’t ought to polite.
→
‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬
Ought you not to be polite? aren't you ought to polite?
→
‫ﺳﺌﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬
10. I would like to dine with you.
11. We prefer to play football.
‫ﺳﺆاﻟﯽ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻔﯽ‬
from ielts2.com

23. 23
Simple Present Tense ‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
)
‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬
(
‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
:
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺩﺕ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﻱ‬
.
‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺯ‬
:
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
to
‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﮕﺬﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬
.
‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
(it-she-he)
‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
(ies-es-s)
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
.
‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ‬
:
1
-
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬
s
‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
:
He works/she eats/it runs
2
-
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬
es
‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‬
‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮ‬
:
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﻜﻪ‬
z,o,x,ch,sh,s
‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺧﺘﻢ‬
es
‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
:
Washes/buzzes/watches/fixes/misses/mixes
3
-
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻟﻲ‬
y
‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺧﺘﻢ‬
y
‫ﺻﺪﺍﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑ‬
“a,e,I,o,u”
‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬
s
‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
.
Plays
Æ
‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻡ‬
Æ
play
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻟﻲ‬
y
‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺧﺘﻢ‬
y
‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﺍﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑ‬
y
‫ﺟﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ‬
i
‫ﺳﭙﺲ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
es
‫ﮔﺬﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
.
Carry Æ carries
StudyÆ studies
from ielts2.com

24. 24
‫ﻳﺎ‬
4
-
‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬
:
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
+
every
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
+
each
)
‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
during the day
(
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺪ‬
+
during
)
‫ﻣﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬
every other week
(
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
+
every other
5
-
‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬
:
ever – never – always – usually – often – sometimes
They never play golf.
6
-
‫ﭼﻴﺰﻫﺎﻳﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﺎﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺛﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﻼ‬‫ﻗﺒ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬
،
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺳـﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬
.
‫ﻏﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺭﺷﻴﺪ‬
،
‫ﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻭﺏ‬
.
The sun sets in the west.
‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮ‬
:
‫ﺣﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻝ‬
‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬
does ,do
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬
.
‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ‬
:
does
)
s
‫ﭘﺮﺍﻥ‬
-
es
‫ﭘﺮﺍﻥ‬
-
ies
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺍﻥ‬
doesn’t
‫ﻃﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬
(
‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﮑﺮﺍﺭﯼ‬
:
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬
‫ﻫﻤ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺸﻪ‬
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬
.
He goes to school every day.
from ielts2.com

25. 25
‫ﺗﻤﺮ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
:
‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺮ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟ‬ ‫ﺴﯽ‬
‫ﮐﻨ‬ ‫ﻤﻪ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺪ‬
.
1
-
‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺭﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬
2
-
‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻼﺱ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻢ‬
2
‫ﺯﻭﺝ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﻱ‬
3
-
‫ﻓﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﭘﺪﺭﻡ‬
4
-
‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻚ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﭘﺪﺭﺵ‬
‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ‬
:
1. He goes to school every day.
2. The teacher helps us in the class at 2 o’clock on odd days.
3. My father studies at home on even days.
4. His father wants to help them here every day
from ielts2.com

26. 26
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬
.
Question Words.
1
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬
‫ﮔﻴ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺮﺩ‬
:
who
‫ﻛﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬
2
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
:
whom
‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬ ، ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﻲ‬
3
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﺷﺨﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
:
what
‫ﭼﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬
4
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺪ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
:
where
‫ﻛﺠﺎ‬
5
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺭ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺩ‬
when
‫ﻭﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬
-
‫ﻛﻲ‬
6
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
how many
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬
7
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
how much
‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬
8
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺖ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
how
‫ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ‬
9
-
‫ﺍ‬
‫ﮔﺮ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺖ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
what time
‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬
10
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺕ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
how long
‫ﻣﺪﺕ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬
11
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﻓﻌﻪ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
how often
‫ﺩﻓﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬
12
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻠﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺯ‬
‫اﺳﻢ‬
+
whose
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
13
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
an, a
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
.
14
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
the
+
‫ﺻﻔﺖ‬
‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬
+
that ,this ,those ,these
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
which
‫ﻛﺪﺍﻡ‬
.
15
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺖ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
why
‫ﭼ‬
‫ﺮﺍ‬
16
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﺳﻦ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
how old
‫ﺳﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬
17
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺖ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
how far
‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬
18
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
how tall
‫ﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬
19
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬
‫ﻛﻠ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻪ‬
how fast
‫ﺳﺮﻋﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬
20
-
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﺭﻧﮓ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﭼﻴﺰﻱ‬
what color
‫ﺭﻧﮕﻲ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬
from ielts2.com

27. 27
‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬
:
(wh questions)
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬
-1
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
.
‫ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬
‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬
:
Where
When
How
Why +
What time
How often
How fast
I can answer Æ Can you answer?
Why can you answer?
When can you answer?
How fast can you answer?
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬
2
-
‫ﺧﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺁﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻲ‬
.
‫ﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺪﻭﻧﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
you go
where
I know
Æ
Where do you go?
Why don’t they study Æ I know why they don’t study
‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻧﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻤﺌﻨﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺷﺤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺍ‬
he is happy
why
I am sure
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬
3
-
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺸﻴﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬
s
‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
es
‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
ies
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
.
‫ﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬
He works
‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬
‫؟‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻜﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﻲ‬
?
s
work
Who
‫؟‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺩﺭ‬
?
s
work
Whose brother
?
you work
do
from ielts2.com

28. 28
‫ﻛﻨﺪ؟‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﺪﺍﻡ‬
?
s
work
Which teacher
‫؟‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺶ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬
?
s
work
What kind of student
‫ﺗﻤﺮ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
:
‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺮ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﮐﻨ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﯽ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺪ‬
.
1
-
‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﺗﺒﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺪﻭﻧﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
2
:
2
-
‫ﻣﺪﺭﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﮔﺮﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻧﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
3
-
‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻤﺌﻨﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
4
-
‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﺎ‬
‫؟‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻲ‬
5
-
‫ﻛﻼﺱ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﭼﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻤﺌﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
.
‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ‬
:
1. I know where you play football every day at 2 o’clock.
2. I don’t know why the students don’t study at school.
3. I am sure why they are tired.
4. Do you know whose brother wants to speak English?
5. I am not sure why they are lazy in class.
from ielts2.com

29. 29
‫ﻧﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
have to
‫ﺗﻤﺮ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
)
‫ﻧﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
have to
: (
‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺮ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﮐﻨ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﯽ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺪ‬
.
6
-
‫ﻛﻼﺱ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬
7
-
‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻼﺱ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺩﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﭘﺴﺮﻩ‬
8
-
‫ﺍﻳﻨ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺧﺘﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫ﻓﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺠﺎ‬
9
-
‫ﻣﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﺗﺒﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬
10
-
‫ﻛﻼﺱ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺷﺤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬
‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ‬
:
6. They have to speak English in class.
7. The boy has to be polite in class every day.
Does the boy have to be polite in class every day? ‫ﺳﺆﺍﻟﻲ‬
The boy doesn’t have to be polite in class every day. ‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬
8. The girls have to be here on even days.
Do the girls have to be here on even days? ‫ﺳﺆﺍﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺜﺒﺖ‬
9. He has to play football every other day.
‫ﺳﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬
Does he have to play football every other day?
‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬
He doesn’t have to play football every other day.
‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬
Doesn’t he have to play football every other day?
10. Ali has to be happy in class
‫ﺳﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬
Does Ali have to be happy in class?
from ielts2.com

30. 30
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
:
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ‬
‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬
.
‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺯ‬
:
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
-
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬
-
‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬
-
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬
-
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻳﺪ‬
-
‫ﻋﻼﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬
»
‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
«
‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻼﻣﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻳﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﺪ‬
be +ing
‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺩﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬
.
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬
subject + to be + verb + ing
‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮ‬
:
be
‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ‬
are,is,am
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬
ing
‫ﺍﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻼﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ‬
‫ﺁﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
.
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ‬
:
‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
are , is , am
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬
.
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻫﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬
:
‫ﺍﻟﻒ‬
:
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬
are,is,am
‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻌﻞ‬
‫ﺏ‬
:
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬
ing
‫ﺍﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺝ‬
:
‫ﻗﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺣﺎﻻ‬
now
‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬
-
‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
at present
‫ﻟﺤﻈﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
-
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﻼ‬‫ﻓﻌ‬
for the time being
‫ﻟﺤﻈﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
at the moment
This morning
from ielts2.com

31. 31
This year
This week
‫ﺩ‬
:
‫ﻫﺸﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺭ‬
:
‫ﺑﺎﺵ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻛﺖ‬
hush up!
‫ﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎﻩ‬
look
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺖ‬
stop
‫ﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﺵ‬
listen
‫ﺑﺎﺵ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﻇﺐ‬
keep
‫ﺑﺎﺵ‬ ‫ﺩﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬
be careful
Listen! Someone’s knocking the door ‫ﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﺵ‬
–
‫ﺯﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬
!
Look! Someone is coming.
Be careful he is eavesdropping. ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺐ‬
‫ﺳﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺵ‬
‫ﻣ‬
‫ﻴﮑ‬
‫ﻨﻪ‬
!
‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬
:
1
-
‫ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻟﻲ‬
-like-know-understand-want
ing
‫ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻲ‬
.
2
-
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻟﻲ‬
y
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺧﺘﻢ‬
ing
‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬
y
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺬﻑ‬
ing
‫ﭼﺴﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮﺵ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
.
PlayÆplaying
StudyÆstudying
CarryÆcarrying
3
-
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﻜﻪ‬
e
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺧﺘﻢ‬
ing
‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬
e
‫ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺬﻑ‬
ing
‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﻴﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
be
‫ﻛﻪ‬
e
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺬﻑ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ‬
.
Come Æcoming
Take Ætaking
Have Æhaving
from ielts2.com

32. 32
Be Æbeing
4
-
‫ﺣﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺧﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺸﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﻜﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﺍ‬
(a,e,i,o,u)
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
ing
‫ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﭙﺲ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬
ing
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
.
SitÆ sitting
Put Æ putting
Read Æ reading
5
-
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﻜﻪ‬
ie
‫ﺧﺘﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
ing
‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬
ie
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
y
‫ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﭙﺲ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
ing
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
.
tie Æ tying ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻦ‬
die Æ dying ‫ﻣﺮﺩﻥ‬
lie Æ lying ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬
–
‫ﮐﺸیﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺯ‬
from ielts2.com

33. 33
‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬
:
‫ﺗﻤ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﻱ‬
‫ﺷﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺎﻡ‬
.
‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺯ‬
:
‫ﺣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﻝ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬
ed
‫ﻳﺎ‬
ied
‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
‫ﺁﻳﺪ‬
.
‫ﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬
:
‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬
:
1
-
‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻲ‬
:
)
‫ﻋﻮﺽ‬ ‫ﺷﮑﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬
(
:
see Æ saw
2
-
‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻩ‬
:
)
ed-ied
(
work Æ worked
do Æ did
am , is Æ was
are Æ were
have Æ had
go Æ went
come Æ came
see Æ saw
‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ‬
:
‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻬﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
did
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
.
‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮ‬
:
‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺘﻲ‬
did
‫ﻳﺎ‬
didn’t
‫ﺁﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
ed
‫ﻳﺎ‬
ied
‫ﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﺬﻑ‬
‫ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺩ‬
.
‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ‬
:
from ielts2.com

34. 34
1
-
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬
ed
‫ﻳﺎ‬
ied
‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
.
2
-
‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬
‫ﻧﻨﺪ‬
:
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬
Æ
yesterday
‫و‬
last day
‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬
the other day Æ
‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬
two days ago Æ
‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺩ‬
)
in 1920
(
Æ
‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬
+
in
‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮ‬
:
‫ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬
.
‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮ‬
:
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻟﻲ‬
y
‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺧﺘﻢ‬
y
‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﺍﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻭﻑ‬
ed
‫ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
.
play Æ played
stay Æ stayed
∗say Æ said
∗pay Æ paid
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
y
‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺧﺘﻢ‬
y
‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﺍﺩﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻭﻑ‬
y
‫ﺑﺮﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬
i
‫ﺳﭙﺲ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
ed
‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬
ied
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
.
carry Æ carried
study Æ studied
try Æ tried
from ielts2.com

35. 35
‫ﺗﻤﺮ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
:
‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺮ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﮐﻨ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﯽ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺪ‬
.
1
-
‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻼﺱ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻚ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬
2
‫ﺩﻳﺮﻭﺯ‬
2
-
‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺪﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
5
‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬
3
-
‫ﭘﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺭﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺨﻮﺍﺳﺘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
4
-
‫ﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻼﺱ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺩﺏ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
1367
5
-
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺧﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺩﻳﺮﻭﺯ‬
6
-
‫ﺑﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﺭﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﭘﺴﺮﻩ‬
‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ‬
:
1-They helped us in the class at 2 o’clock yesterday.
2-We saw you in the park at 5 o’clock last week.
3- We wanted to go to school the other day.
4-We liked to be polite in the class in 1367 year.
5- We were tired yesterday.
6- The boy was lazy last year.
from ielts2.com

36. 36
‫ﺗﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﺯﻧﮓ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺢ‬
:
To Do
You did. Did you do?
‫ﮐﻤﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﯽ‬
‫ﺍﺻﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬
He does. Does he do?
Did he do? Yes he did.
1
-
‫ﺑﺮﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮ‬
.
You had to go.
‫ﺳﺆﺍﻟﻲ‬
Did you have to go?
‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬
You didn’t have to go
2
-
‫ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻭﺩ‬
.
He has to go.
‫ﺳﺆﺍﻟﻲ‬
Does he have to go?
3
-
‫ﺑﺪﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬
.
He had to teach.
Did he have to teach?
4
-
‫ﺑﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺮﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﭘﺪﺭﻡ‬
.
My father was here yesterday.
5
-
‫ﭘﺎﺭﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺮﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﺸﺎﻥ‬
.
Their parents were kind last year.
6
-
‫ﺑﻮﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﺭﺳﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
.
from ielts2.com

37. 37
I was teacher last year.
7
-
‫ﭘ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﺪﺭﻡ‬
They were studying when my father came in.
8
-
‫ﺯﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺶ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺘﻴﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺎﻧﻮ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺩﺭﻡ‬
My brother was playing the piano when his teacher rang.
9
-
‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺘﻴﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﺷﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﺸﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺁﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﺎﺭﺍﻥ‬
.
Their parents were watching the news when it was raining.
‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮ‬
:
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﮔﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬
when
‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬
.
from ielts2.com

38. 38
‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮﻱ‬
:
‫ﺑﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺋﻴﻢ‬
(to)
‫ﺑﻴﺎﺋﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻱ‬
you
‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻧﺪ‬
.
‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬
:
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻟﻄﻔ‬
please Æ
‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
)
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻟﻄﻔ‬
(
will you ( please) Æ
‫ﻧﻤﻴﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﺣﻤﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
would you Æ
‫ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﻜﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
could you Æ
‫ﻛﻨﻜﻮﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺖ‬
:
‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
ing
‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬
+
would you mind
‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
ing
‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬
+
do you mind
‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
you
‫ﺑﻮﺩ‬
you
‫ﺩﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺬﻑ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﺁﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
.
-
‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
to be
‫ﻭﻗﺘﻴﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻳﻦ‬
you
‫ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬
aren’t
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
don’t be
‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
again
‫ﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
.
)
‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ‬
(
don’t go again
Æ
)
‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮ‬
(
you don’t go
)
‫ﻧﺒﺎﺷﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﻪ‬
‫ﻫﺎ‬
(
don’t be again
Æ
)
‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺮ‬
(
you aren’t
don’t (you) ever go (again). )
‫ﺩﻳﮕﻪ‬
‫ﻫﺮﮔﺰ‬
‫ﻧ‬
‫ﺮ‬
‫ﻱ‬
‫ﻫﺎ‬
(
from ielts2.com

39. 39
‫ﺗﻤﺮ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
:
‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺮ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﮐﻨ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﯽ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺪ‬
.
1
-
‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻟﻄﻔ‬
.
2
-
‫ﻧﺎﻣ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻟﻄﻔ‬
‫ﺑﻨﻮﻳﺲ‬ ‫ﻪ‬
.
3
-
‫ﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻴﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﺯﺣﻤﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
.
4
-
‫ﺑﺪﻫﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﺵ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
.
5
-
‫ﺑﺎﺵ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺩﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻟﻄﻔ‬
.
6
-
‫ﺑﺎﺵ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺷﺤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻟﻄﻔ‬
.
7
-
‫ﻧﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﺗﺒﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ‬
.
8
-
‫ﻧﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﻪ‬
.
9
-
‫ﻧﻨﻮﻳﺲ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﻪ‬
.
10
-
‫ﻧﺒﺎﺵ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﻪ‬
.
11
-
‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﻪ‬
‫ﺒﺎﺵ‬
.
12
-
‫ﻧﺒﺎﺵ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﻪ‬
.
‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ‬
:
-
1 Please study here every day.
-
2 Please write a letter.
-
3 Would you please speak English.
-
4 Would you mind listening to the teacher.
-
5 Please be polite here.
from ielts2.com

40. 40
-
6 Please be happy.
-
7 Don’t play football here again.
-
8 Don’t open the door again.
-
9 Don’t write on the black board again.
-
10 Don’t be lazy again.
-
11 Don’t be bad temper again.
-
12 Don’t be rude again.
‫ﻣﺮﻭ‬
‫ﺭ‬
:
1
-
‫ﻛﻨﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
.
I work here every day.
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬
.
here now
am working
I
‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬
.
here yesterday
worked
I
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬
.
here yesterday
was working
I
‫ﺍﻣﺮﻱ‬
.
here every day
Work
2
-
‫ﺧﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﭘﺪﺭﻡ‬
.
My father will buy a car tomorrow.
3
-
‫ﺷﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻝ‬
.
I will pass in the next year.
4
-
‫ﺑﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﮕﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬
.
from ielts2.com

41. 41
They will be here in three weeks.
5
-
‫ﺷﻮﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﭘﻴﺮﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺰﻭﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
.
We will win soon.
6
-
‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺯﺭﻧﮓ‬ ‫ﺯﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬
.
You will be clever sooner or later.
7
-
‫ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬
Ali will study later.
from ielts2.com

42. 42
‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
:
Simple future tense
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
:
‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭﻱ‬
.
‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﺯ‬
:
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﻴﻪ‬
+
‫ﺍﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
+
shall
/
will
+
‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
(will)
‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
shall
‫ﻫﻢ‬
‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬
.
‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ‬
:
‫ﺍﻟﻒ‬
(
‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬
will
‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
shall
‫ﺍﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺏ‬
(
‫ﻓﺮﺩﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬
( tomorrow)
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬
:
‫ﻓﺮﺩﺍ‬
tomorrow
‫ﺯﻭﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
soon
‫ﺯﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺮ‬
sooner or later
‫ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬
three weeks
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
+
next
)
‫ﺗﺎ‬
‫ﻳ‬
،‫ﻫﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﮏ‬
‫ﻳﮏ‬
، ‫ﺳﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻳﮏ‬
‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻩ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﮕﻪ‬
a week/ a year/ a month
(
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
+
in
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺕ‬
:
‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
will
‫ﻳﺎ‬
shall
‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
not
‫ﺷﻜ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬
‫ﻞ‬
won’t
‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
shan’t
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
.
‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮ‬
:
‫ﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬
will
‫ﻳﺎ‬
shall
‫ﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
.
‫ﻣﮕﺮ‬
Æ
unless
‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
Æ
if
from ielts2.com

43. 43
‫ﻣﺎﺩﺍﻣﻴﻜﻪ‬
Æ
as long as
‫ﻭﻗﺘﻴﻜﻪ‬
whenÆ
‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
suppose Æ
‫ﻭﻗﺘﻴﻜﻪ‬
while Æ
‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺤﺾ‬
as soon as Æ
‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬
before Æ
‫ﺷﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻮﻝ‬
to pass Æ
‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬
after Æ
‫ﺗﺎ‬
till Æ
‫ﺗﺎ‬
until Æ
‫ﻃ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﻮﻟﻬﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺮﺯ‬
:
‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬
+
before
+
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬
)
I
(
‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬
+
before
)
II
(
You will pass if you study.
If you study you will pass.
I will call you as soon as I get home.
As soon as I get home , I will call you.
from ielts2.com

44. 44
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﺑﻂ‬
‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺭﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
)
‫ﻛﻪ‬
(
‫ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺑﻂ‬
‫ﺟﻤ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺭﺑﻂ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻠﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻱ‬
that
‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬
.
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬
)
1
(
‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬
+
‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
+
‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬
+
that
+
‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬
+
‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
+
‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬
1. 2. 3 that 1. 2. 3
‫ﺁﻳﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻮ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻧﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
.
you come
that
I know
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬
)
2
:(
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬
that
‫ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﺬﻑ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬
to
‫ﻧﺸﻴﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
.
1. 2. 3 that 1. 2. 3 1. 2. 3 to 2. 3
go
to
I want you
Æ
go
at you
th
I want you
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬
)
3
(
:
‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﺶ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
that
‫ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
not to
‫ﮔﺬﺍﺭﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
.
.
go
t
’
that you don
you
I want
.
go
not to
I want you
‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮ‬
:
‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ‬
not
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬
.
(to go Æ not to go)
(to be or not to be)
Not to go )
‫ﻧﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬
(
Not to come
from ielts2.com

45. 45
not to write
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬
)
4
(
:
‫ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
that
‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺬﻑ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
to
‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺬﻑ‬
.
‫ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ‬
let
.
I let you go
Æ
go
to
I let you
Æ
.
go
that you
you
I let
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺩﺍﺭ‬
make
.
I make you be
Æ
be
to
I make you
Æ
.
be
that you
I make you
‫ﺩﻳﺪﻥ‬
see
It helps to prevent
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻚ‬
help
‫ﺷﻨﻴﺪﻥ‬
hear
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﺷﺎ‬
watch
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﻩ‬
observe
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ‬
feel
‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬
have
‫ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻦ‬
know
‫ﺗﻮﺟ‬
‫ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ ‫ﻪ‬
notice
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬
)
5
:(
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺬﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
that
‫ﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ‬
ing
‫ﺁﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭ‬
.
I see you that you go. Æ I see you going ‫ﻳﺎ‬ go.
I saw you that you go. Æ I saw you going ‫ﻳﺎ‬ go.
from ielts2.com

46. 46
‫ﺗﻤﺮ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﻦ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺭﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
:
‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻼﺕ‬
‫ﻳ‬
‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺮ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﮐﻨ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﯽ‬
‫ﻴ‬
‫ﺪ‬
.
1
-
‫ﻧﻜﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﺗﺒﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
.
2
-
‫ﺧﻮﺷﺤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻫﺴﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻮ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻢ‬
.
3
-
‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬
.
4
-
‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﻨﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺟﺎﺯﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
.
5
-
‫ﺧﻮﻧﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
.
6
-
‫ﺩﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﺵ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
.
1. want you not to play football here.
2. I am happy that you are lazy.
3. They like to speak English.
4. I let you laugh here every day.
5. I saw you studying.
6. I see you listening to the teacher.
from ielts2.com

47. 47
‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬
tell & say
‫ﻧﻴﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
)
‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬
(
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‬
say
‫ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
said
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬
.
‫ﺣﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
)
‫ﺑﻪ‬
(
‫ﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ‬
)
‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬
(
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‬
tell
‫ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬
told
‫ﺑﺎﺷ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺪ‬
.
‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
)
‫ﺭﺍ‬
(
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ‬
)
‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬
(
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‬
mean
‫ﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
meant
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬
.
‫ﮔﻮﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍ‬
/
‫ﻫﺴﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭﻡ‬
I mean you Æ
‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮ‬
:
‫ﺟﺎﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
tell
‫از‬
‫ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬
say to
‫ﺣﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﭼﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬
tell
‫ﻛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺭﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬
.
‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﻭﻍ‬
to tell a lie Æ
‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬
to tell a story /tale
‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ‬
to tell a fact Æ
‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﻚ‬
to tell a joke Æ
‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬
to tell the time Æ
‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻡ‬
to tell one’s name Æ
‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻝ‬
to tell the fortune Æ
‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﭼﻴﺰﻱ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎﻭﺕ‬
to tell the difference Æ
‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺒﺎﺭ‬
to tell the news Æ
‫ﺭﻣﺰ‬
‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬
to tell the secret Æ
from ielts2.com

48. 48
‫ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺩﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﻧﺪ‬
:
1
-
‫ﻣﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬
2
-
‫ﻣﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬
1
-
‫ﻣﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬
:
‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻱ‬
:
every day
‫ﺭﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﺮ‬
1
-
‫ﻣﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬
:
‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻥ‬
:
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﻻ‬‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮ‬
usually Æ
‫ﺍﻏﻠﺐ‬
often Æ
‫ﺳﺨﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
hardly Æ
‫ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ‬
always Æ
‫ﺍﻭﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀﻲ‬
some times Æ
‫ﻧﺪﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
seldom Æ
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻏﺎﻟﺒ‬
frequently Æ
‫ﹰ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬
‫ﻻ‬‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮ‬
generally Æ
‫ﻧﺪﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
rarely Æ
‫ﻧﺪﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
scarely Æ
‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‬
:
‫ﺳﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
ever
‫ﺑﻪ‬
never
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ‬
.
‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬
4
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬
.
1
-
‫ﺁﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬
.
‫ﺭﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
.
.
go there
always
I
2
-
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
.
‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﮑﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﮐﻤﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﭘﺲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﮐﻤﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬
.
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﺁﻧﻬﺎ‬
.
.
late
always
They are
.
play
always
They can
from ielts2.com

49. 49
3
-
‫ﺑﻠﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺩﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺖ‬
.
Do you often go there?
‫ﺭﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻏﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﻪ‬
–
‫ﺁﻧﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻏﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
.
Yes I often do. - I often go there.
4
-
‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﹰﻛﻴﺪ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﮔﺮ‬
.
)
‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬
2
‫ﻧﮑﻨﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ‬
)(.
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﮐﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﯼ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻤﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
‫ﺷﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬
do
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬
(.
I always do go.
I never did go.
from ielts2.com