Golang and Domain Specific Languages - Lorenzo Fontana - Codemotion Rome 2017

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This document discusses domain specific languages (DSLs) and their implementation in Go. It begins with examples of common DSLs like HTML, SQL, and Dockerfile. It then defines internal and external DSLs and gives the Ginkgo testing framework and a Makefile as examples. Next, it covers lexical analyzers, parser generators, and the Backus-Naur Form for defining language grammars. Finally, it notes that Go has its own yacc implementation called goyacc and encourages questions from the audience.

Technology

Golang and Domain Speciﬁc Languages
Lorenzo Fontana
March 24, 2017

About Me
Lorenzo Fontana
DevOps Expert @Kiratech
Docker Maintainer
http://fntlnz.wtf
https://github.com/fntlnz
https://twitter.com/fntlnz
1

Background on DSLs: Examples
• HTML
• SQL
2

Background on DSLs: Examples
• HTML
• SQL
• GraphQL
2

Background on DSLs: Examples
• HTML
• SQL
• GraphQL
• Protobuf
2

Background on DSLs: Examples
• HTML
• SQL
• GraphQL
• Protobuf
• Regex
2

Background on DSLs: Examples
• HTML
• SQL
• GraphQL
• Protobuf
• Regex
• Jenkinsﬁle
2

Background on DSLs: Examples
• HTML
• SQL
• GraphQL
• Protobuf
• Regex
• Jenkinsﬁle
• Dockerﬁle
2

Background on DSLs: Examples
• HTML
• SQL
• GraphQL
• Protobuf
• Regex
• Jenkinsﬁle
• Dockerﬁle
• Make
2

Background on DSLs: Examples
• HTML
• SQL
• GraphQL
• Protobuf
• Regex
• Jenkinsﬁle
• Dockerﬁle
• Make
• CSS
2

Background on DSLs: Examples
• HTML
• SQL
• GraphQL
• Protobuf
• Regex
• Jenkinsﬁle
• Dockerﬁle
• Make
• CSS
• TeX
2

Background on DSLs: Examples
• HTML
• SQL
• GraphQL
• Protobuf
• Regex
• Jenkinsﬁle
• Dockerﬁle
• Make
• CSS
• TeX
• And a lot more
2

Background on DSLs: Examples
• HTML
• SQL
• GraphQL
• Protobuf
• Regex
• Jenkinsﬁle
• Dockerﬁle
• Make
• CSS
• TeX
• And a lot more, really
2

Background on DSLs: Examples
• HTML
• SQL
• GraphQL
• Protobuf
• Regex
• Jenkinsﬁle
• Dockerﬁle
• Make
• CSS
• TeX
• And a lot more, really, trust me
2

Background on DSLs: Terminology
Internal DSL : a DSL which exposes a particular form of host general
purpose language to ﬁt domain speciﬁc needs, for their
nature, this kind of DSLs are easier to implement but
limited by the design of the host language.
External DSL : a DSL which is parsed independently of the host
general purpose language.
3

Background on DSLs: External or internal ?
Example from: Ginkgo, BDD testing framework for Go
I t ( ” should f a i l i n a l l the p o s s i b l e ways” , func () {
s e s s i o n := s t a rt G i n k g o ( pathToTest , ”−−noColor ” )
E v e n t u a l l y ( s e s s i o n ) . Should ( gexec . E x i t ( 1 ) )
output := s t r i n g ( s e s s i o n . Out . Contents ( ) )
( output ) . ShouldNot (
ContainSubstring ( ”NEVER SEE THIS” )
)
}
4

Background on DSLs: External or internal?
Makeﬁle
.PHONY: check−gopath
check−gopath :
i f n d e f GOPATH
$ ( e r r o r GOPATH i s not s e t )
e n d i f
l i n t : check−gopath
@echo ” checking l i n t ”
@ . / . t o o l / l i n t
gofmt :
@./ hack/ v e r i f y −gofmt . sh
conmon :
$ (MAKE) −C $@
5

Background on DSLs: Lexical analyzers and parser generators
6

Background on DSLs: Backus-Naur Form (BNF)
<expr> ::= <term> ”+” <expr>
| <term>
<term> ::= <factor > ”∗” <term>
| <factor >
<factor > ::= ”(” <expr> ”)”
| <const>
<const> ::= i n t e g e r
7

Background on DSLs: lex and yacc - ﬂex and bison
8

Go: SHOW US THE CODE!
Who am I to not put a gopher in my slides?
10

Conclusion: Happy promotion!
Kiratech, the company I work for, is hiring!
drop me a line at lo@linux.com
11

Thanks for listening!
And thanks to all the organizers!
11

The .NET languages have always been top notch in design, with a wide ranging standard library and support for all your enterprise needs. But for those of us with experience in the world outside Windows, the operational side of things was unbelievably painful. Now, with .NET Core that's starting to change. Here we'll work through the process of taking a .NET library and building a CI pipeline from reproducible container based builds through to minimal deployment artifacts.

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