The document compares Agile and Lean Startup methodologies. Agile focuses on removing waste through practices like iterative development and backlogs, while Lean Startup focuses on developing minimum viable products and validated learning through practices like building, measuring, and learning. The document argues that Lean Startup takes the best parts of Agile and combines them with a customer development process to make them more streamlined. However, it notes that context is important and the appropriate methodology depends on the situation.