1. Gerund
Prepared by: Sylvania W. Siagian

2. What is gerund?
gerund is a verb used as a noun.

3. Moreover . . .
Gerund is always ends with –ing.
Since gerunds are nouns, thus, gerunds will
be subjects, subject complement, direct
objects, indirect objects, and object of
prepositions.
Present participles, on the other hand,
Complete progressive verbs or act
as modifiers.

4. Read these examples of gerunds:
Since Frans was five years old, swimming has been his passion.
Swimming = subject of the verb has been.
Frans' first love is swimming.
Swimming = subject complement of the verb is.
Frans enjoys swimming more than spending time with his
girlfriend Diana.
Swimming = direct object of the verb enjoys.
Frans gives swimming all of his energy and time.
Swimming = indirect object of the verb gives.
When Frans wore dive fins to class, everyone knew that he was
devoted to swimming.
Swimming = object of the preposition to.

5. These ing words are examples of present
participles:
One day last summer, Frans and his coach
were swimming at Daytona Beach.
Swimming = present participle completing the past
progressive verb were swimming.
A Great White shark ate Frans’ swimming coach.
Swimming = present participle modifying coach.
Now Frans practices his sport in safe swimming pools.
Swimming = present participle modifying pools.
©1997 - 2013 by Robin L. Simmons All Rights Reserved.

6. Verbs Followed by a Gerund
They enjoyed working on the boat.
admit
advise
appreciate
avoid
can't help
complete
consider
delay
deny
detest
dislike
enjoy
escape
excuse
finish
forbid
get through
have
imagine
mind
miss
permit
postpone
practice
quit
recall
report
resent
resist
resume
risk
spend (time)
suggest
tolerate
waste (time)

7. Verbs Followed by a Preposition and a Gerund
We concentrated on doing well.
admit to
approve of
argue about
believe in
care about
complain about
concentrate on
confess to
depend on
disapprove of
discourage from
dream about
feel like
forget about
insist on
object to
plan on
prevent (someone) from
refrain from
succeed in
talk about
think about
worry about
Key to
accused of

8. Let’s do these!
There are verbs that followed by gerund, infinitive and both.
1. I dislike _________ to the movies by myself. (go) going
2. We started __________ dinner without you. (eat) eating/to eat
3. I can't imagine ________ my own house. (buy) buying
4. I used _________ that television show all of the time. (watch) to watch
5. I always eat breakfast before __________ to school. (go) going
6. When do you practice ___________ the piano? (play) playing
7. My grandmother prefers _______ science fiction books. (read) reading/to read
8. You need _____________ harder this year. (study) to study
9. I am used to __________ her in a bad mood. (see) seeing
10. Have you talked to the dentist about __________ your teeth? (clean) cleaning