Geopimed Course 04: Implementation of GSHP in Mediterranean Climate Part II by Ecoserveis

Implementation of
GSHP in
Mediterranean
Climate Part II
GSHP in detail
Brainstorming
Conclusions

Collaborations
 We are not alone!
 Regeocities www.regeocities.eu
 Same objectives
 Same target groups
 Co-funded for EU
 GroundMed www.groundmed.eu
 Technical Guidelines
 Geotrainet
 Training online

Partners & Target Group
Country and
Partner
City or Region
Spain (AIDICO
and UPV)
Region: Valencia region, Galician región City: Valencia
France (BRGM) Region Centre City: Orleans

Deliverables
 Report with laws and regulation in
Europe
 Report with national laws
 Spain
 France
 Good practice document
 Consolidated Database of new GSHP
 Free courses and seminars
 More

GroundMed
 Objective:
 Demonstrate SPF5 for Mediterranean
climate
 Resources
 Demosites
 Technical Guidelines
 Monitoring Data

Technical Issues
Overview
Exterior Circuit
Heat Pump
Interior Circuit
Optimization Strategies

Overview
 Exterior Circuit
 BHE - Drilling
 External Pump
 HP
 Technology
 Refrigerant
 Heat Exchangers
 Interior Circuit
 HVAC
 Internal Pump
 Buffer Tank
 Optimization Strategies
 Monitoring
 Temperature Compensation
 Geocooling
 Decoupling Tank
 Variable Speed Pumps
 PCM Tank

BHE - Drilling
 Types HE
 Open Loop
 Closed Loop
 Horizontal
 Vertical

BHE - Drilling
 Types of drills
 Rotation
 Hammer
 Others (Laser, Plasma,…)

BHE - Drilling
 Rotation
 Pneumatic Machine
 Need of consolidated well
 Speed 30m/d
 Uses air with foam to extract rocks
 Mud Extraction
 Soft Subsoil
 High Speed 20m/h
 Risk of polluting underground water with
mud
 Cheap

BHE - Drilling
 Hammer
 Pneumatic hammer
 Fast speed
 For hard rocks
 No risk for underground water
 Sonic hammer
 Less residue
 Not really extended yet
 Expensive

BHE - Drilling
 Mud Extraction

BHE - Drilling
 Considerations
 Consolidate well
 Inserting sand, concrete or bentonite
 U-Pipes – HDPE

BHE - Drilling
 Balance Heat and Cooling

HP Technology
 Heat Pump
 Electrical
 Gas
 Compressor
 Single
 Tandem
 Inverter
 Type
 Swing
 Scroll

Refrigerant
 Carnot
 R22
 R134a
 R410a

Heat Exchangers
 Braze plate HE
 Plate and Gasket HE

Heat Exchangers
 Fouling and clogging

Buffer Tank
 Helps avoiding to use the HP
irregularly.

Optimization Strategies
 Select a low operating temperature for heating (35 -40 °C)
 Select a high operating temperature for cooling (8 –10 °C)
 If possible, use temperature compensated set points
 Consider heat pump capacity and capacity steps, consider
hybrid system
 Design the system carefully for a low total heating/cooling
load with some care to take for considering the balance
between heating and cooling load for the ground source,
 Design carefully the hydraulic system with an adapted
control pump strategy to save energy because of auxiliary
energy consumptions
 Design BHE for high/low temperature, low pressure loss
and low thermal resistance

Decoupling Tank
 Optimal Water Flow Rate
 Optimal Delta T

Variable Speed Pumps
 IC and EC Pumps
 Optimization

PCM Tank
 Phase Change Materials
 To use it in peak loads
 Avoid Expensive Tariff

Homework
 Read GroundMed Guidelines
 http://www.groundmed.eu/uploads/
media/Deliverable_9.8_Design_Guide
s_rev2.pdf

Administrative
Issues
Laws and regulations
Europe
Spain & France
Example: Stockholm
Regeocities Data Base proposal

Europe
 Administrative procedure
 Realizing a geothermal project requires a
variety of different permits.
 Complex, long, and sometimes unnecessary
burdensome procedures can significantly
delay project development and investment
in the geothermal sector.
 Though having several competent
administrative bodies to assess an
application for geothermal licenses is fair, a
one stop-shop process should be the rule
for each phase of a project.

Europe
 Planning
 The RES Directive also requires member states to
recommend to all actors, in particular local and regional
administrative bodies, to ensure equipment and systems
are installed for the use heating and cooling from
renewable energy sources when planning, designing,
building and renovating residential (or industrial) areas.
 Technical Specifications
 Member states should clearly define any technical
specifications which must be met by renewable energy
equipment and systems, including SGE systems, in order
to benefit from support schemes (Art. 13 (2) of the RES
Directive).
 Information and Training
 Lack of awareness and information as well as shortage of
skilled workers is one of the market failures preventing
the further market uptake of SGE. Article 14 of the RES
Directive addresses these issues.

Europe
 Calculation of renewable information from
heat pumps
 A heat pump is a device allowing the
transformation of heat from a lower
temperature level to a higher one, by using
external energy.
 Promotion of renewable energy and energy
efficiency in buildings.
 EPB
 Eco-design and energy labelling
 Heat pumps (including GSHP) are covered under
both Ecodesign and energy labelling legislation,
which are two of the most effective policy tools
in the area of energy efficiency.

France & Spain
 National Building Codes
 France: Thermal Regulation of 2012 for new
constructions ( RT2012) give Maximal
Consumption of primary energy for the heating,
the domestic hot water, the cooling, the lighting
and the auxiliaries.
 Spain: in the Technical Code of Construction
there are requirements related to renewable
energies, exclusively for the production of hot
water, in most of the case the option for fulfilling
the requirement (60% of the HDW must be
provided by renewable systems) is achieved by
means of installing thermo-solar panels which
are generally regulated with local laws, as for
example the “Ordenanza Municipal de Captación
Solar para Usos Térmicos”.

France & Spain
 National Building Codes
 France: Professionals considered that
used calculation are not favorable to the
GSHP. No specific goal for SGE.
 Spain: Lack of clear specifications, only
HW considered.

France & Spain
 Summary
 No monitoring is mandatory in both
countries

France & Spain
 National report
 France: http://regeocities.eu/wp-
content/uploads/2012/12/REGEOCITIES
FrenchReport_final.pdf
 Spain: http://regeocities.eu/wp-
content/uploads/2013/09/Spanish-
National-report_October-2012_SP.pdf

Example: Stockholm
 Online application for end-users
 Regeocities resource

Laws and regulations for the city
of Stockholm
 National legislation
 Borers sent the information that is required by law
SFS 1985:245 (drilling Protocol) to the geological
national service so that they have the information
from the probe
 When installing a geothermal heat pump is
necessary to notify the municipal panel
 However, the municipality may have ordinances that
prescribe that municipal authorization is also required
for all of the installation for some of its parts where
aspects should protect health or environmental.
 Residents have the right to express their points of
view if drilling is close to their property or if the
system may interfere with the operation of their
own geothermal systems.

Who can make the request
online?
 Applicants wishing to apply for the registration of the
online installation must ensure that the installation
complies with the following requirements:
 Closed loop BHE
 1 probing or drilling
 There are no other wells on the property
 All wells, including inclined probes, rest inside of limits of
the installation property
 It will give service to a single building
 The capacity of the installed heat pump is less than 20 kW
 In the case that does not meet one of these requirements
it would be necessary to make the request by means of
paper formats

Before filling the request
 To obtain permission to drill in the city of Stockholm
is required that:
 The drilling company must be certified as Drillers by
SITAC
 The drilling and the installation must comply with
the Guide "Normbrunn-07", a protocol where the
steps are specified for a drilling
 Consult to companies that install systems in the
subsoil to prevent incidents through
www.ledningskollen.se
 At the same time the city of Stockholm sent their
inquiries to:
 neighbors, if there is, express their opinion on installing
 Water, gas, telecommunications or distributors of district
companies to know the location of their systems in the
area

Pulsa el boton
Verde para marcar
donde desee
perforar
Línea de
límites de la
propiedad.
Sondeos
próximos
Step 1 – Localization of the well
 After inserting a valid property without any BHE the
user will be redirected to an interactive map

Si pulsa sobre un sondeo existente
en el mapa, podrá ver el nombre de
la propiedad, la profundidad y el
ángulo del sondeo.
Entrada dondeo
Punto central en sondeos
inclinados
Base de sondeo inclinado
Zona de influencia del sondeo
Zona de influencia de sondeos
próxomos
Localización desconocida de
sondeo
Permisos para edificiación en la
propiedad
Límites de la propiedad

Cuando usted planee el
sondeo deberá decidir la
profundidad y el ángulo
de perforación.
Usted recibirá la
longitud horizontal de
su sondeo (en caso de
que sea con angulo de
perforación) y las
coordenadas de su
punto de sondeo.
Su sondeo y su zona de influencia se
muestran en verde. El circulo rojo tiene un
radio de 10 metros y muestra la distancia
mínima permitida a un sondeo próximo. En el
caso de que la localización de su sondeo esté
muy próxima a otro sondeo cercano recibirá un
mensaje de error para que cambie la
ubicación.
Entrada dondeo
inclinados
próxomos
sondeo
propiedad

Tanto la entrada del
sondeo como su
proyección en profundidad
deberán estar dentro de
los límites de la propiedad.
En caso contrario recibirá
un mensaje de error
advirtiendo sobre ello.
Entrada dondeo
inclinados
próxomos
sondeo
propiedad

When placing the borehole correctly,
you will get a message saying that
this is a possible location for your
borehole.
Usted podra continuar su solicitud en este punto pulsando aqui.
Las infraestructuras subterraneas serán comprobadas una vez
enviada su solicitud.
Cuando el emplazamiento sea
correcto recibirá un mensaje
indicandoselo
Entrada dondeo
inclinados
próxomos
sondeo
propiedad

Next steps in Stockholm regulations
and laws
 GSHP
 Size and capacity
 Refrigerant
 Pipes and collector
 Type of heat transfer
 Energy coverage
 Driller and installer
 Certification number and contact
information
 Contact information is optional but makes
further steps easier
 Contact information of the owner

Financial Issues
Investment
National Incentives
Insurances

Investment
 SGE has to compete against
aerothermal energy
 Main problem, wells. BHE.
 COP3 vs COP5
 Lifespan

Insurances
 In general, all stakeholders involved
in the construction sector have their
own civil damage insurance. This
insurance could occasionally cover
any damage or unsatisfactory work
related to SGE installation.

Insurances
 France has a dedicated system to
cover the geological risk of not
finding the resource for the ground
water heat pumps systems.

Misinformation
 There is a little information regarding
GSHP for the end user.
 Almost all people think about deep
geothermal energy and doesn’t know
what’s SGE.
 We must inform end user with
understandable concepts.

References
 www.geopimed.eu
 www.regeocities.eu
 www.geotrainet.eu
 www.groundmed.eu
 www.igme.es
 www.geoplat.org
 www.googlenergy.org

Geopimed Course 04: Implementation of GSHP in Mediterranean Climate Part II by Ecoserveis

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