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Genetics
What is Genetics
   Genetics is the scientific study of
    heredity.
   Heredity is what makes each
    species unique.
Gregor Mendel
   Austrian Monk
   Famous for his work with pea plants
   He is known as the father of
    genetics
Mendel’s Work
   Mendel used true-breeding plants which
    means if they were left to breed with
    themselves they would produce offspring
    identical to themselves.
   Mendel studied 7 different traits in pea
    plants.
   A trait is a specific characteristic that
    varies from one individual to another.
The Principle of Dominance
   The principle of dominance states
    that some alleles are dominant and
    others are recessive.
   Dominant alleles are always
    expressed.
   Recessive alleles are only expressed
    if both alleles are recessive.
Probability & Genetics
   Probability is the likelihood that an
    event will happen.
   The principle of probability can be
    used to predict the outcomes of
    genetic crosses.
Punnett Squares
   Diagram used to predict genetic
    crosses.
   Individuals with identical alleles are
    called homozygous
   Individuals with different alleles are
    called heterozygous
   Phenotype – physical characteristic
   Genotype – genetic makeup
Mendel’s Principles
   The inheritance of biological
    characteristics are determined by genes.
   For two or more forms of a gene,
    dominance and recessive forms may
    exist.
   Most sexually reproductive organisms
    have two sets of genes that separate
    during gamete formation.
   Alleles segregate independently.

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Genetics power point

  • 2. What is Genetics  Genetics is the scientific study of heredity.  Heredity is what makes each species unique.
  • 3. Gregor Mendel  Austrian Monk  Famous for his work with pea plants  He is known as the father of genetics
  • 4. Mendel’s Work  Mendel used true-breeding plants which means if they were left to breed with themselves they would produce offspring identical to themselves.  Mendel studied 7 different traits in pea plants.  A trait is a specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another.
  • 5. The Principle of Dominance  The principle of dominance states that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive.  Dominant alleles are always expressed.  Recessive alleles are only expressed if both alleles are recessive.
  • 6. Probability & Genetics  Probability is the likelihood that an event will happen.  The principle of probability can be used to predict the outcomes of genetic crosses.
  • 7. Punnett Squares  Diagram used to predict genetic crosses.  Individuals with identical alleles are called homozygous  Individuals with different alleles are called heterozygous  Phenotype – physical characteristic  Genotype – genetic makeup
  • 8. Mendel’s Principles  The inheritance of biological characteristics are determined by genes.  For two or more forms of a gene, dominance and recessive forms may exist.  Most sexually reproductive organisms have two sets of genes that separate during gamete formation.  Alleles segregate independently.