General characteristics of loganaceae family - The Loganiaceae are a family of flowering plants classified in order Gentianales. The family includes up to 13 genera, distributed around the world's tropics. There are not any great morphological characteristics to distinguish these taxa from others in the order Gentianales. Brucea, Curare, Gelsemium, Hoang-nan, Nuxvomica, Spigelia, Upas tiente. Active principles are Strychnine, Curarine, Gelsemium, Brucia

1. GENERAL
CHARACTERISTICS OF
LOGANACEAE IN
HOMOEOPATHIC VIEW
DR. ASWIN ANANDH
PG SCHOLAR
HOMOEOPATHIC PHARMACY

2. Important drugs
1.Brucea antidysenterica
2. Curare
3. Gelsemium
4. Hoang-nan
5. Ignatia amara
6. Nuxvomica
7. Spigelia anthelmintica
8. Spigelia marilandica
9. Upas tiente

3. Active principles
 Strychnine,
 Curarine,
 Gelsimium,
 Brucia.

4. Sphere of action
 Mind,
 Mucus membranes,
 Nervous system,
 Respiratory system,
 GI tract,
 Urogenital organs,
 Cardiovascular system,
 Motor sensory system, brain and mind.

5. Group charecteristics
 Constitution; Pale, anemic, lax fibered, black
hair with black skin.
 Temperament ; Nervous, irritable, hysterical
people with sedentary habits.
 Miasm ; Psora
 Diathesis ; Rheumatic diathesis
 Thermal status ; Chilly

7. Common Mental
symptoms
 1. Over sensitiveness:Hypersensitivity to all
external impressions, to light, to sound, jar,
motion, odors, touch.
 Nuxvomica :- Over impressionable and sensitive
to all external impression-cannot bear odors, noises,
light, draught, air etc. Even harmless words offend.
 Gelsemium: Very sensitive to external impressions.
Excitement, shocks, fright, unusual ordeals etc bring
about bodily ailments.

8.  Ignatia:- Hyperaesthesia of all senses.
 Spigelia:- Very sensitive to touch. Parts touched
feels chilly; send shudder through out body.
Sensitive to cold, wet stormy weather.
 Upas:- Increased sensitiveness to cold.

10. EXCITABLE EASILY, GREAT
IRRITABILITY,
DEPRESSION
 Emotional excitability, slightest of emotion excessively
aggravates their general status. Generally aggravated by
stress, joy, sorrow, grief and unfortunate love.
 Gelsemium:- Extremely nervous and irritable. Every
exciting news causes diarrhoea. Desires to be let alone,
does not wish to be spoken to yet there is dread of
being alone. Suicidal inclination wants to throw oneself
from a height.

11.  Spigelia Marilandica:- Maniacal excitement
with running and skipping, paroxysmal laughing
and crying, loud and incoherent talk.
 Curare:- Depression with inability to think or
study. Very indolent and sleepy Patient desires
to be let alone.
 Upas:- Depression and melancholy. Irritability,
moroseness and crossness .

12.  Spigelia anthelmntica:- Sadness and
discouragement to the extent of suicidal mania.
Afraid of pointed things, pins etc.
 Ignatia:- Hysterical temperament predominates,
melancholic with love of solitude. Changeable
disposition. Alternation of foolish gaiety and
tearful sadness.

13.  Nux Vomica: Oversensitive and hypochondriacal.
Even harmless words offend. Suicidal thoughts but is
afraid to die. Impulsive with insane desire to kill her
husband whom she adores. Spitefull and malicious
disposition. Quarrelsome, even to violence.
 Brucea:- Gloomy, melancholic, tanciturn and
hypochondriacal. Sad and gloomy humour on waking in
the morning

15. Aversion to company and Wants to be left
alone
Do not wish to be in anyone’s company. loves
solitude talks to one’s own self when alone.
 Curare ; Depressed, desire to be alone.
 Gelsimium; Desire to be quiet to be left alone.
does not wish to speak or have any one near her,
even if the person be silent.
 Ignatia; Desire to be alone; moody
 Nux vom ; Wants to be alone

16. 4. Brooding over past gloomy events & Suicidal
thoughts wants to commit suicide but lacks the
courage to do it.
 Brucea ; Gloomy, melancholy humor with
indolence and lassitude. Sad and gloomy on
waking in the morning.
 Gelsemium ; Effects of grief, cannot cry,
broods over her loss. Strong inclination to
suicide. fear Of death utter lack of courage.
 Ignatia ; Silently brooding. Broods in solitude
over imaginary troubles.
 Internal conflicts with herself

17.  Nux vom ; Violent. Suicidal, homicidal
impulses. Fear of knives, let she should kill
herself or others. anxiety and irritability to
commit suicide but is afraid to die.

19. 5. Nervousness, apprehension
Extremely nervous before exams or public appearance,
interviews , cannot recall properly Poor concentration.
 Gelsimium ; For children , young people of esp
women of nervous hysterical temperament. Excitable
irritabtle , sensitive; for nervous affection of onanists of
both sexes.
 Nux vom ; Overactive mind. Nervous and excitable.
Debauchers of a thin , irritable, nervous, disposition.

20.  Ignatia ; It is especially adapted to the nervous
temperament-women of sensitive, easily excited
nature, dark, mild disposition, quick to perceive,
rapid in execution. Alert, nervous, apprehensive,
rigid, trembling patients who suffer acutely in
mind or body, at the same time made worse by
drinking coffee. finds fault with everything,
nothing satisfies them.

22. 6. Contradiction intolerence and Fault
finding ,easily angered
 Cannot withstand least contradiction .
contradiction arggravates their mental and
physical complaints. finds fault with everything
nothing satisfies them.
 Ignatia ;Intolerance of contradiction of reprimands.
Melancholic, sad and tearful. the slightest contradiction
or fault finding excites anger. very short tempered
patient . inconsistent impatient ,irresolute and
quarrelsome. children when reprimanded ,scolded or
send to bed gets sick and has convulsion in sleep.

23.  Nux vom ;Fault finding. Reproaches others.
Very irritable, sensitive to all impressions.
Cannot bear noises, odors, light. Angry and
impatient, cannot stand pain, so mad, he cries.
Zealous, fiery temperament. Aversion to work.
Fears poverty. Sullen. Spiteful. Nagging.
 Upas ; Irritable disinclined for mental work.

24. 7. Hysterical manifestations
 Hysterical unconciousness, loss of voice
especially after bad news or disappointed love in
women (gels, ign). Specially adapted to hysterical
women who tend to become unconscious at any
unfortunate event.
 Brucea ; Dejection with want of sleep. Taciturnity
and hypochondriasis.
 Curare ;Indecision, no longer wishes to think or act
for herself. Inability to think or study, forgetful, stupid,
sleepy, indolent. Excited, hurried feeling.

25.  Ignatia ;Mentally, the emotional element is
uppermost, and co-ordination of function is
interfered with. very important remedy for
hysterical manifestation.
 Hiccough and hysterical vomiting. mental
conditions rapidly changes , in almost incredibly
short time changes from joy to sorrow, from
laughing to weeping; moody.

26.  Gelsemium ;Women of nervous hysterical temperament,
bad effects of fright , fear, exiciting news and sudden emotions.
 Nux vom ; Frightfully apprehensive about getting married,
(girls). Time passes too slowly. Talks about one's condition.
Even the least ailment affects them. Hypochondriasis.
Melancholia. Delirium tremens.
 Cannot bear noise, light, odor touch, music, etc. Cannot bear
conversation or reading. Angry when consoled. Head-strong,
self-willed. convulsions with conciousness,< anger, emotion,
touch, moving.

28. Characteristic physical symptoms
 1. Paralytic affections ;
 Many medicines of this family has
prominent action upon spinal cord. They
act as depressants and has a paralysing
action upon motor nerves with sparing of
sensations.

29.  Gelsemium:- Acts on the anterior column of spinal cord
producing muscular paresis. Extreme muscular weakness,
prostration and in co-ordination. Paralysis of muscles of
different parts of the-body of third nerve causing ptosis,
diplopia, dim vision and strabismus, paralysis of muscle around
mouth and pharynx causing difficulty in speech and swallowing,
of larynx causing hoarseness of voice and aphonia,
 extremities causing locomotor ataxia,
 heart produces of sensation as if it will cease to beat if he
didn’t move.
 In cases of poisoning, death occurs due to respiratory paralysis
from depression of respiratory centre.
 Mostly motor type of paralysis.

30.  Curare:- Produces motor nerve paralysis but sensations are
spared. Paralysis of various parts. In eyes it produces ptosis, in
face - facial and buccal paralysis with deviation to the right.
Paralysis of extremities with numbness tingling and leaden
heaviness.
 Upas:- Ptosis, eyelids heavy, close involuntarily from irresistible
drowsiness Eyes weak as after sexual excess.
 Spigelia anthelmintica:- Acronarcotic producing numbness of
hands and feet. Squint from worm affections.

32. 2.Spasmodic Affection:
 Most of them are useful in spasms convulsion,
tetanus with lock jaw, chorea etc.
 Curare:Epilepsy, catalepsy, there is immobility
with fixed gaze on waking.
 Gelsemium: Convulsions occurring in children
and young people of nervous excitable nature.
Useful in infantile spasms where there in
incessant quivering of the chin.

33.  Ignatia: Hysterical spasms and convulsion especially
after fright, worry, grief and also associated with
difficult dentition. Epileptic convulsions with foam at
mouth. Face red or alternately pale and red.
 Nux vomica: Excitability of whole nervous system
with great over sensitiveness to all external impressions.
Every distressing emotion brings recurrent epileptic
fits. Convulsions with consciousness spasms with
tetanic rigidity of nearly all muscles of the body. In
between the attacks the muscles are relaxed.

34. 3.Pain Neuralgic in nature
 Gelsemium: Orbital neuralgia in distinct paroxysms. with
intense pain over the right eye. Bruised feeling in eyes Dim
vision, diplopia, ptosis and aversion to light.
 Curare: Sharp, stitching pain over right eye with ptosis and black
spots before vision. Unbearable earache. With lancinating pain
starting from ears and extending down to legs.
 Spigelia: Facial neuralgia-left sided involving eye, zygoma,
cheek, teeth & temple cannot bear slightest touch or movement
with shining swelling of affected side<from morning until sunset
<motion, noise, stepping etc.

35.  Spigelia marilandica: Pain in and around the
right eye with sensation of stiffness of eyelids
strabismus of right eye with wild staring look.
 Nuxvomica: Infra orbital neuralgia. with
watering of eyes, orbital twitching <in
morning> by lying in bed.

37. 4.Fever with predominant chill stage ;
 Brucea: Chill every other day with shaking yawning and
stretching with cold feet.
 Curare: Chill from stomach, on abdomen, chill creeping up the
back and spreading all over chill without thirst.
 NuxVomica: Cold stage predominates must be covered in all
stages of fever. Excessive rigor with blueness of fingernails.
Burning heat of body especially of face. Yet cannot move or
uncover without feeling chilly.

38.  Ignatia: Chill with thirst, not relieved by external heat.
During fever, itching, nettle rash all over the body.
 Gelsemium: Influenza. Chillness so severe that the
patient wants to be held, chill, wavelike up and down
the back. Thirstless. Heat and sweat stage prolonged
and exhausting. Face flushed with a besotted look and
apathy regarding his illness.
 Upas: Feels chilly very easily. Shivering along spine and
both arms.

40. Heart affections palpitation,<Motion
 Gelesimium: Irregular beating of heart; Afeeling as if it were
necessary to keep in motion or else hearts action would cease to
beat. Pulse soft, feeble and slow but greatly accelerated on
motion.
 Spigelia anthelmintica: Rheumatic carditis - pericarditis with
sticking pain, palpitation and dyspnoea aggravated from
movement. Angina pectoris with neuralgia extending to arms,
craving for hot water which>. Dyspnoea must lie on right side
with head high , pulse weak and irregular.

41.  Ignatia: Cardiac hyperaesthesia, palpitation<at
night and during repose.
 Nuxvomica: Palpitation<after eating, from
coffee, from overexertion associated with nausea
and heaviness in chest.
 Upas: Severe palpitalion <after going to bed.
Pulse frequent, weak and small.

43. 6.Abnormalities of urination, frequent
and profuse, incontinence of urine;
 Gelsemium: Partial paralysis of bladder with
retention or intermittent flow. Incontinence of
nervous children profuse, clear, watery urine
along with headache which> the headache.
 Nuxvomica: Irritable bladder from spasmodic
sphincter. Ineffectual urging and strangury.
Frequent calls, passes little and often. Renal colic
with haematuria and pain extending to genitals.

44.  Curare: Diabetes mellitus Urine clear, frequent
and contains sugar. Great emaciation, dryness of
mouth and thirst during evening and night
crampy pain in kidneys.
 Upas: Pain in right kidney at night. Frequent
urging to urinate with burning in urethra at
8.a.m urine scanty, dark brown in colour and
evacuated with great effort.

45. 9. Tobacco
aggravation;
 Gels: Tobacco smoking causes occipital headache.
Indicated in nervous affections of cigar makers.
 Ignatia: Cannot bear tobacco in any form. Toothache
and congestive headache aggravated after smoking.
 Nuxvomica: Gastric disturbances from tobacco.
 Spigelia: Toothache from smoking. Repugnance to
tobacco smoke and snuff.

46. Aggravation of complaints from
coffee
 Ignatia: <from coffee
 Nuxvomica: Dyspepsia from drinking strong
coffee.
 Spigelia: Dislike for Coffee.
 An exception is Gelsemium which has > from
alcoholic stimulants

47. 11.General aggravation during summer
season, sun;
 Brucea: Headache in the evening, after having
walked long in sun.
 Gelsemium: General depression from heat of
sun. Occipital headache. spreading all over with
dim vision and dizziness.

48.  Spigelia: Headache increasing and decreasing
with the sun.
 Nuxvomica: Headache aggravated from
sunshine.

49. Aggravation from change of weather;
 Gelsemium: Complaints from sudden change
from hot or dry to damp weather<damp, cold
atmosphere.
 Spigelia: Sensitive to wet, stormy weather.
 Nuxvomica: Though sensitive to cold the
general< in dry weather> in wet weather

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