Strategic Aquatic Habitat Conservation Opportunities for Minnesota Lakes discusses fish habitat in lakes, including physical structures like vegetation and woody habitat, as well as water quality properties. The primary disturbance drivers are shoreline development and watershed disturbances from urbanization and agriculture. The document analyzes how these disturbances impact habitat conditions and proposes allocating resources to protection and restoration efforts to reduce risks to water quality and fish populations.
Lake Lanao is an ancient lake located in Lanao del Sur, Philippines that is an important source of hydroelectric power and cultural significance. It is home to several endemic fish species and is central to the culture and livelihood of the Meranao people. However, the lake is facing threats from deforestation, agriculture, and fluctuating water levels from hydroelectric dams that are disrupting the lake's ecology. The lake provides over 60% of Mindanao's electricity but continued development risks damaging the lake and the Meranao people who depend on it.
This document discusses the challenges facing the management of Lake Lanao in the Philippines. Lake Lanao is the largest freshwater lake in the country and is culturally important to the Meranao people. However, its management for hydroelectric power has negatively impacted communities and the environment by causing water level fluctuations. There are also institutional challenges as no single agency has clear responsibility for the lake. The document recommends a tripartite co-management agreement between national and local governments and other stakeholders to better protect the lake and balance development needs with environmental conservation. Lessons from past advocacy efforts also show that implementing solutions is more challenging than establishing policies.
The document summarizes a study assessing the environmental and social impacts of small-scale hydraulic gold mining along the Iponan River in the Philippines. Researchers are looking at biological, chemical, community, cultural, landslide risk, and agricultural effects. The mining extracts gold quickly but erodes hillslopes, increasing sediment in the river which is now orange. It supports families but also causes health issues and occasional deaths from accidents.
This document summarizes engineered log jam projects in the North and South Fork Nooksack rivers. The projects aimed to improve habitat for threatened Chinook salmon populations by adding large woody debris to increase pool habitat, side channels, and cold water refuges. Over 100 structures were constructed across multiple reaches between 2008-2009. Monitoring found the structures promoted pool development and wood cover. Lessons included ensuring constructible designs within budget and equipment capabilities, and having engineer support during construction. Continuing challenges include flood constraints and gaining landowner support.
This document discusses insights into dam sustainability from economic, environmental, and social perspectives. It notes that over 85,000 dams in the US have an average age of 51 years and many are deficient or at high risk of failure. Dams provide economic benefits like power generation, water supply, and flood prevention but also have environmental impacts such as altering downstream flows and sediment transport. Socially, dams can displace local communities and impact health while also providing new infrastructure and jobs. The document recommends investing in maintenance of existing dams in developed nations and ensuring all stakeholders are involved and impacts are well-defined for new dams in developing areas.
This presentation was made to the BC Federation of Naturalists Fall General Meeting in Parksville, BC September 29th, 2012.
The talk title was provided at the invitation to speak and does not fit the talk well.
Please note that this presentation does not include notes (except for 1 slide) and most slides are simply to provide a visual while I talk (ramble) and as such do not provide the full story.
Thanks to the BC Naturalists for inviting me to speak. http://www.bcnature.ca/ and the warm welcome to a serious discussion.
It is a work in progress and comments welcome.
Strategic Aquatic Habitat Conservation Opportunities for Minnesota Lakes discusses fish habitat in lakes, including physical structures like vegetation and woody habitat, as well as water quality properties. The primary disturbance drivers are shoreline development and watershed disturbances from urbanization and agriculture. The document analyzes how these disturbances impact habitat conditions and proposes allocating resources to protection and restoration efforts to reduce risks to water quality and fish populations.
Lake Lanao is an ancient lake located in Lanao del Sur, Philippines that is an important source of hydroelectric power and cultural significance. It is home to several endemic fish species and is central to the culture and livelihood of the Meranao people. However, the lake is facing threats from deforestation, agriculture, and fluctuating water levels from hydroelectric dams that are disrupting the lake's ecology. The lake provides over 60% of Mindanao's electricity but continued development risks damaging the lake and the Meranao people who depend on it.
This document discusses the challenges facing the management of Lake Lanao in the Philippines. Lake Lanao is the largest freshwater lake in the country and is culturally important to the Meranao people. However, its management for hydroelectric power has negatively impacted communities and the environment by causing water level fluctuations. There are also institutional challenges as no single agency has clear responsibility for the lake. The document recommends a tripartite co-management agreement between national and local governments and other stakeholders to better protect the lake and balance development needs with environmental conservation. Lessons from past advocacy efforts also show that implementing solutions is more challenging than establishing policies.
The document summarizes a study assessing the environmental and social impacts of small-scale hydraulic gold mining along the Iponan River in the Philippines. Researchers are looking at biological, chemical, community, cultural, landslide risk, and agricultural effects. The mining extracts gold quickly but erodes hillslopes, increasing sediment in the river which is now orange. It supports families but also causes health issues and occasional deaths from accidents.
This document summarizes engineered log jam projects in the North and South Fork Nooksack rivers. The projects aimed to improve habitat for threatened Chinook salmon populations by adding large woody debris to increase pool habitat, side channels, and cold water refuges. Over 100 structures were constructed across multiple reaches between 2008-2009. Monitoring found the structures promoted pool development and wood cover. Lessons included ensuring constructible designs within budget and equipment capabilities, and having engineer support during construction. Continuing challenges include flood constraints and gaining landowner support.
This document discusses insights into dam sustainability from economic, environmental, and social perspectives. It notes that over 85,000 dams in the US have an average age of 51 years and many are deficient or at high risk of failure. Dams provide economic benefits like power generation, water supply, and flood prevention but also have environmental impacts such as altering downstream flows and sediment transport. Socially, dams can displace local communities and impact health while also providing new infrastructure and jobs. The document recommends investing in maintenance of existing dams in developed nations and ensuring all stakeholders are involved and impacts are well-defined for new dams in developing areas.
This presentation was made to the BC Federation of Naturalists Fall General Meeting in Parksville, BC September 29th, 2012.
The talk title was provided at the invitation to speak and does not fit the talk well.
Please note that this presentation does not include notes (except for 1 slide) and most slides are simply to provide a visual while I talk (ramble) and as such do not provide the full story.
Thanks to the BC Naturalists for inviting me to speak. http://www.bcnature.ca/ and the warm welcome to a serious discussion.
It is a work in progress and comments welcome.
Kane Aldridge presents a seminar from the second Water Wednesday entitled "Future options for the Lower Lakes." Kane Aldridge is a postdoctoral fellow with Water Research Centre with The Environment Institute at The University of Adelaide.
This document discusses challenges related to water resource management in Kenya, including deforestation, soil erosion, water scarcity, pollution, and conflicts over water usage. It notes issues such as the lack of water during dry seasons, encroachment into wetlands, inappropriate water utilization, and poor management of springs. The goal of integrated water resource management (IWRM) planning is outlined as changing lives by addressing priority water problems through a basin planning approach that takes all water-related activities and developments into account to achieve sustainable use. Opportunities for IWRM include managing watershed resources like agriculture land, wetlands, and forests.
Jackson 2008 Ecological extinction and evolution discussionLoretta Roberson
This document summarizes a college course paper on ecological extinction in marine ecosystems. It examines factors like overexploitation, pollution, habitat destruction, and climate change across different marine systems including estuaries, coastal seas, continental shelves, the open ocean, and coral reefs. Through data review and case studies, it finds evidence that overfishing and human pollution have degraded these ecosystems, causing population declines and extinctions. The document concludes by recommending more sustainable fisheries, improved coastal pollution controls, and actions to mitigate climate change in order to reduce threats of ecological extinction in oceans.
This document summarizes research into nuisance algal growth along the southeast shore of Lake Huron. Underwater surveys from 1977, 2007, and 2010 show a significant increase in algal coverage over time. The algae originate from rocky areas offshore and are transported onto beaches during storms. Abundances of the rooted plant Chara and filamentous algae Cladophora match their areas of greatest underwater growth. Periodic peaks in beached algae correspond with the time needed for regrowth. While nutrient inputs and dreissenid mussels may play a role, declines in the densities of invertebrate grazers appear responsible for reduced algal consumption, allowing more prolific algal growth.
This document discusses the history and ecology of beavers in North America. It describes how beavers were once abundant across the continent but were heavily trapped for their fur, declining to near extinction by the early 1900s. It then discusses how beaver dams create important habitat for salmon and other species by forming ponds and wetlands. Modern restoration efforts are working to reintroduce beavers in some areas to improve streams and aid in salmon recovery. The document provides details on the biology and ecosystem impacts of beavers.
The document summarizes the history and purpose of Green Valley Park in Payson, Arizona. It describes how the park was created in 1995-1996 through a partnership between the Town of Payson Water Department and Northern Gila County Sanitary District. The park serves as a place to store treated wastewater effluent for groundwater recharge and as a recreational area. Over time, water quality challenges such as algae blooms, erosion, and odor have occurred. Various solutions have been implemented including aeration, dredging, and installation of a fish barrier and shoreline wall. The park provides environmental, economic, and social benefits to the community.
The article discusses the history of wilderness monitoring efforts in the East Mojave Desert, led by Desert Survivors and the Sierra Club in 1995. It notes that monitoring desert wilderness areas is time-consuming but important work. While rewarding when done properly, it can also be heartbreaking to witness damage to wilderness firsthand. The monitoring requires focused attention to detail. Fourteen years later, Desert Survivors continues monitoring and hiking into the interior of many areas in the East Mojave Desert.
The document summarizes the Lincoln County Conservation, Recreation and Development Act of 2004, which proposes to designate 14 new wilderness areas totaling 769,611 acres in Nevada. It would protect ecologically important areas like the Big Rocks Wilderness and release other areas from further wilderness consideration. While less than the organization's 2.5 million acre proposal, it protects more land than any previous Nevada bill. The bill aims to balance various stakeholder interests in developing and protecting public lands.
The Isar River in Germany and the Virgin River in the United States both underwent restoration projects to address issues from human development along their banks. The Isar restoration aims to restore the river's ecology and recreation areas while improving flood control, removing concrete canalizations where possible. The Virgin restoration focused on stabilizing banks and removing invasive plants to improve safety after devastating floods, though it resulted in a more canalized design than the Isar's efforts to reflect the river's natural form. Both projects met goals like improving habitats and water quality, but the Isar restoration maintains a longer-term focus on fully restoring native species.
The White River in Indianapolis was threatened by sediment and pollution from an eroding landfill shoreline. High water flows and flooding were causing soil and landfill waste to enter the river. P550 composite turf reinforcement mats were installed to immediately stabilize the shoreline and protect newly planted native vegetation. The P550 mats successfully protected the bank through many storm events, allowing vegetation to establish permanently within three years and securing the landfill contents. The solution saved $800,000 compared to alternative rock riprap and met environmental and permitting restrictions.
This document discusses the conservation, restoration, and management of lakes. It begins by outlining the objectives and importance of lakes for ecosystems and human habitats. Several causes of lake depletion are then described, including inadequate rainfall, industrial wastes, borewell digging, and unplanned urbanization. The document then examines case studies of specific lakes in India, including analyses of water quality, public surveys, and restoration strategies. It concludes by stressing the toll that urbanization and pollution have taken on lakes and the need for immediate action to restore them.
Engineered biosystem treatment trains: A review of agricultural nutrient sequ...journal ijrtem
ABSTRACT: Nutrient pollution is a problem across the globe. Excess nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) are impacting lakes, rivers, and oceans with algal blooms, hypoxia, and fish kills. As such, there are many opportunities for intervening to protect receiving ecosystems from excess nutrients. Historic treatment options have failed to control nonpoint source pollution. New options for trapping and treating intensively managed cropland runoff (IMCR) are presented; with a wealth of wastewater treatment experience in removing N and P, innovation is spilling over into the IMCR world. Agricultural producers can use technology to increase productivity and decrease nutrient runoff to streams and lakes using trap and treat biosystems engineering technology. In-field cover crops and mycorrhizae can be employed to increase nutrient use efficiency. At field-edge and beyond, riparian buffers (surface and subsurface), wetlands (natural and constructed), and varying forms of carbon bioreactors can be utilized for nutrient consumption and sequestration. Options to mitigate IMCR nutrient pollution occur best with landscape treatment trains. The treatment train approach is possible and needed for ecosystem health; however, the key issues are 1) pathway and process awareness, and 2) balancing who pays the cost for best management practices and who reaps the benefits.
KEYWORDS: nitrogen, phosphorus, nonpoint source pollution, treatment train
Riparian vegetation plays an important role in ensuring clean water by helping to filter pollutants, reduce sediment load, promote nutrient uptake, and minimize bank erosion. The document discusses how restoration of riparian zones through community and private projects in Sri Lanka helped improve water quality. Deep-rooted native trees were planted to uptake contaminants from groundwater and restore degraded forests. Water quality monitoring showed reductions in nitrate and conductivity levels over time at sites with restored riparian vegetation.
Assessment of Heavy Metals in Philippine Green Mussels Perna viridis and Leve...IJAEMSJORNAL
There have been no published data reports up to date regarding the heavy metal concentration on both the green mussels Perna viridis and total coliform level from Manila bay adjacent to Sipac Almacen, Navotas Philippines. Hence, this study aimed to provide a recent status on the concentration of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Pb, and Hg) in the muscular tissues of P. viridis and coliform level from Manila Bay, Philippines. Specimen samples were collected on February 22, 2019, almost 1000 m away from the coastline, immediately brought to the laboratory, morphologically identified, dissected for muscles, and subjected to heavy metal and coliform testing. Tissue samples of P. viridis and sediment samples from Manila bay were subjected to Flame-AAS (atomic absorption spectrophotometry) method for detecting and quantifying heavy metals such as total cadmium (Cd), total chromium (Cr), and total lead (Pb) while the analysis of total mercury (Hg) were done using the Cold Vapor-AAS method. With reference to a previous study, the sediment and P. viridis from this study obtained a lower total Cd, Cr, and total Pb while total Hg concentration is below the resulting limit. The water sample was subjected to multiple fermentation technique to identify the coliform level which shows a high-level result of 1.6 X 103 that is far from the 3000 value set by DAO 2016-08 for SB water body category. The physicochemical analyses on the bay show no value of ecological concern. P. viridis in Manila Bay did not exhibit any serious deformities
Response aquatic systems and livelihoods to climate change presentation finalCANAAFRICA
This document summarizes how climate variability and change impact inland aquatic ecosystems, fisheries productivity, and livelihoods in Africa. It finds that temperatures have increased in African lakes since 1980s, affecting mixing dynamics and stratification. This caused shifts in aquatic organisms and fisheries toward faster growing species. Communities have adapted fishing methods and diversified livelihoods. However, more policy interventions are needed to support adaptation, mitigate impacts, and incorporate climate change into management.
Presentation on groundwater management in Saudi Arabia by Dr. Ali Saad Al-Tokhais at the International Annual UN-Water Zaragoza Conference 2012/2013. Preparing for the 2013 International Year. Water Cooperation: Making it Happen! 8-10 January 2013.
- Bangladesh contains around 50% wetlands which play a crucial ecological role but are threatened by climate change and human activities.
- Climate change is causing sea level rise, droughts, floods, erosion and other extreme weather that endangers wetlands and biodiversity.
- Conservation approaches are needed that recognize how climate change may impact wetlands and their ability to help adapt to and mitigate climate change.
Coral reefs are important ecosystems that support a high level of biodiversity and provide economic and ecological benefits. They are formed through the relationship between tiny polyp animals and algae, but are threatened by coastal development, pollution, overfishing, warmer oceans, and increasing acidity. While healthy coral reefs are colorful and diverse ecosystems, bleached reefs have lost their algae and appear white and empty.
1) Freshwater scarcity is a major environmental problem as population grows and climate changes.
2) Water supplies can be increased by reducing overall use and waste through more sustainable practices like cutting irrigation inefficiencies, recycling water, and using pricing to reduce demand.
3) Specifically, conserving forests, wetlands, and aquifers that store and release water can help use limited supplies more sustainably along with other measures to cut residential and industrial water waste.
Environmental impact assessment of mining projects 17.03.09Mohit Singh
1) The document discusses environmental impact assessment procedures for mining projects in India, which require environmental clearance from the Ministry of Environment and Forests.
2) It outlines key environmental policies and legislation in India related to mining and the environment, and notes that mining technology choices must consider environmental and social impacts, not just economic factors.
3) The document describes the scoping process for identifying potential environmental impacts of mining projects and lists some typical impacts such as changes to land use and landscape, and socioeconomic effects.
Kane Aldridge presents a seminar from the second Water Wednesday entitled "Future options for the Lower Lakes." Kane Aldridge is a postdoctoral fellow with Water Research Centre with The Environment Institute at The University of Adelaide.
This document discusses challenges related to water resource management in Kenya, including deforestation, soil erosion, water scarcity, pollution, and conflicts over water usage. It notes issues such as the lack of water during dry seasons, encroachment into wetlands, inappropriate water utilization, and poor management of springs. The goal of integrated water resource management (IWRM) planning is outlined as changing lives by addressing priority water problems through a basin planning approach that takes all water-related activities and developments into account to achieve sustainable use. Opportunities for IWRM include managing watershed resources like agriculture land, wetlands, and forests.
Jackson 2008 Ecological extinction and evolution discussionLoretta Roberson
This document summarizes a college course paper on ecological extinction in marine ecosystems. It examines factors like overexploitation, pollution, habitat destruction, and climate change across different marine systems including estuaries, coastal seas, continental shelves, the open ocean, and coral reefs. Through data review and case studies, it finds evidence that overfishing and human pollution have degraded these ecosystems, causing population declines and extinctions. The document concludes by recommending more sustainable fisheries, improved coastal pollution controls, and actions to mitigate climate change in order to reduce threats of ecological extinction in oceans.
This document summarizes research into nuisance algal growth along the southeast shore of Lake Huron. Underwater surveys from 1977, 2007, and 2010 show a significant increase in algal coverage over time. The algae originate from rocky areas offshore and are transported onto beaches during storms. Abundances of the rooted plant Chara and filamentous algae Cladophora match their areas of greatest underwater growth. Periodic peaks in beached algae correspond with the time needed for regrowth. While nutrient inputs and dreissenid mussels may play a role, declines in the densities of invertebrate grazers appear responsible for reduced algal consumption, allowing more prolific algal growth.
This document discusses the history and ecology of beavers in North America. It describes how beavers were once abundant across the continent but were heavily trapped for their fur, declining to near extinction by the early 1900s. It then discusses how beaver dams create important habitat for salmon and other species by forming ponds and wetlands. Modern restoration efforts are working to reintroduce beavers in some areas to improve streams and aid in salmon recovery. The document provides details on the biology and ecosystem impacts of beavers.
The document summarizes the history and purpose of Green Valley Park in Payson, Arizona. It describes how the park was created in 1995-1996 through a partnership between the Town of Payson Water Department and Northern Gila County Sanitary District. The park serves as a place to store treated wastewater effluent for groundwater recharge and as a recreational area. Over time, water quality challenges such as algae blooms, erosion, and odor have occurred. Various solutions have been implemented including aeration, dredging, and installation of a fish barrier and shoreline wall. The park provides environmental, economic, and social benefits to the community.
The article discusses the history of wilderness monitoring efforts in the East Mojave Desert, led by Desert Survivors and the Sierra Club in 1995. It notes that monitoring desert wilderness areas is time-consuming but important work. While rewarding when done properly, it can also be heartbreaking to witness damage to wilderness firsthand. The monitoring requires focused attention to detail. Fourteen years later, Desert Survivors continues monitoring and hiking into the interior of many areas in the East Mojave Desert.
The document summarizes the Lincoln County Conservation, Recreation and Development Act of 2004, which proposes to designate 14 new wilderness areas totaling 769,611 acres in Nevada. It would protect ecologically important areas like the Big Rocks Wilderness and release other areas from further wilderness consideration. While less than the organization's 2.5 million acre proposal, it protects more land than any previous Nevada bill. The bill aims to balance various stakeholder interests in developing and protecting public lands.
The Isar River in Germany and the Virgin River in the United States both underwent restoration projects to address issues from human development along their banks. The Isar restoration aims to restore the river's ecology and recreation areas while improving flood control, removing concrete canalizations where possible. The Virgin restoration focused on stabilizing banks and removing invasive plants to improve safety after devastating floods, though it resulted in a more canalized design than the Isar's efforts to reflect the river's natural form. Both projects met goals like improving habitats and water quality, but the Isar restoration maintains a longer-term focus on fully restoring native species.
The White River in Indianapolis was threatened by sediment and pollution from an eroding landfill shoreline. High water flows and flooding were causing soil and landfill waste to enter the river. P550 composite turf reinforcement mats were installed to immediately stabilize the shoreline and protect newly planted native vegetation. The P550 mats successfully protected the bank through many storm events, allowing vegetation to establish permanently within three years and securing the landfill contents. The solution saved $800,000 compared to alternative rock riprap and met environmental and permitting restrictions.
This document discusses the conservation, restoration, and management of lakes. It begins by outlining the objectives and importance of lakes for ecosystems and human habitats. Several causes of lake depletion are then described, including inadequate rainfall, industrial wastes, borewell digging, and unplanned urbanization. The document then examines case studies of specific lakes in India, including analyses of water quality, public surveys, and restoration strategies. It concludes by stressing the toll that urbanization and pollution have taken on lakes and the need for immediate action to restore them.
Engineered biosystem treatment trains: A review of agricultural nutrient sequ...journal ijrtem
ABSTRACT: Nutrient pollution is a problem across the globe. Excess nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) are impacting lakes, rivers, and oceans with algal blooms, hypoxia, and fish kills. As such, there are many opportunities for intervening to protect receiving ecosystems from excess nutrients. Historic treatment options have failed to control nonpoint source pollution. New options for trapping and treating intensively managed cropland runoff (IMCR) are presented; with a wealth of wastewater treatment experience in removing N and P, innovation is spilling over into the IMCR world. Agricultural producers can use technology to increase productivity and decrease nutrient runoff to streams and lakes using trap and treat biosystems engineering technology. In-field cover crops and mycorrhizae can be employed to increase nutrient use efficiency. At field-edge and beyond, riparian buffers (surface and subsurface), wetlands (natural and constructed), and varying forms of carbon bioreactors can be utilized for nutrient consumption and sequestration. Options to mitigate IMCR nutrient pollution occur best with landscape treatment trains. The treatment train approach is possible and needed for ecosystem health; however, the key issues are 1) pathway and process awareness, and 2) balancing who pays the cost for best management practices and who reaps the benefits.
KEYWORDS: nitrogen, phosphorus, nonpoint source pollution, treatment train
Riparian vegetation plays an important role in ensuring clean water by helping to filter pollutants, reduce sediment load, promote nutrient uptake, and minimize bank erosion. The document discusses how restoration of riparian zones through community and private projects in Sri Lanka helped improve water quality. Deep-rooted native trees were planted to uptake contaminants from groundwater and restore degraded forests. Water quality monitoring showed reductions in nitrate and conductivity levels over time at sites with restored riparian vegetation.
Assessment of Heavy Metals in Philippine Green Mussels Perna viridis and Leve...IJAEMSJORNAL
There have been no published data reports up to date regarding the heavy metal concentration on both the green mussels Perna viridis and total coliform level from Manila bay adjacent to Sipac Almacen, Navotas Philippines. Hence, this study aimed to provide a recent status on the concentration of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Pb, and Hg) in the muscular tissues of P. viridis and coliform level from Manila Bay, Philippines. Specimen samples were collected on February 22, 2019, almost 1000 m away from the coastline, immediately brought to the laboratory, morphologically identified, dissected for muscles, and subjected to heavy metal and coliform testing. Tissue samples of P. viridis and sediment samples from Manila bay were subjected to Flame-AAS (atomic absorption spectrophotometry) method for detecting and quantifying heavy metals such as total cadmium (Cd), total chromium (Cr), and total lead (Pb) while the analysis of total mercury (Hg) were done using the Cold Vapor-AAS method. With reference to a previous study, the sediment and P. viridis from this study obtained a lower total Cd, Cr, and total Pb while total Hg concentration is below the resulting limit. The water sample was subjected to multiple fermentation technique to identify the coliform level which shows a high-level result of 1.6 X 103 that is far from the 3000 value set by DAO 2016-08 for SB water body category. The physicochemical analyses on the bay show no value of ecological concern. P. viridis in Manila Bay did not exhibit any serious deformities
Response aquatic systems and livelihoods to climate change presentation finalCANAAFRICA
This document summarizes how climate variability and change impact inland aquatic ecosystems, fisheries productivity, and livelihoods in Africa. It finds that temperatures have increased in African lakes since 1980s, affecting mixing dynamics and stratification. This caused shifts in aquatic organisms and fisheries toward faster growing species. Communities have adapted fishing methods and diversified livelihoods. However, more policy interventions are needed to support adaptation, mitigate impacts, and incorporate climate change into management.
Presentation on groundwater management in Saudi Arabia by Dr. Ali Saad Al-Tokhais at the International Annual UN-Water Zaragoza Conference 2012/2013. Preparing for the 2013 International Year. Water Cooperation: Making it Happen! 8-10 January 2013.
- Bangladesh contains around 50% wetlands which play a crucial ecological role but are threatened by climate change and human activities.
- Climate change is causing sea level rise, droughts, floods, erosion and other extreme weather that endangers wetlands and biodiversity.
- Conservation approaches are needed that recognize how climate change may impact wetlands and their ability to help adapt to and mitigate climate change.
Coral reefs are important ecosystems that support a high level of biodiversity and provide economic and ecological benefits. They are formed through the relationship between tiny polyp animals and algae, but are threatened by coastal development, pollution, overfishing, warmer oceans, and increasing acidity. While healthy coral reefs are colorful and diverse ecosystems, bleached reefs have lost their algae and appear white and empty.
1) Freshwater scarcity is a major environmental problem as population grows and climate changes.
2) Water supplies can be increased by reducing overall use and waste through more sustainable practices like cutting irrigation inefficiencies, recycling water, and using pricing to reduce demand.
3) Specifically, conserving forests, wetlands, and aquifers that store and release water can help use limited supplies more sustainably along with other measures to cut residential and industrial water waste.
Environmental impact assessment of mining projects 17.03.09Mohit Singh
1) The document discusses environmental impact assessment procedures for mining projects in India, which require environmental clearance from the Ministry of Environment and Forests.
2) It outlines key environmental policies and legislation in India related to mining and the environment, and notes that mining technology choices must consider environmental and social impacts, not just economic factors.
3) The document describes the scoping process for identifying potential environmental impacts of mining projects and lists some typical impacts such as changes to land use and landscape, and socioeconomic effects.
The mining industry in India contributes approximately 10% to the industrial sector GDP and provides jobs for 700,000 people. While an important economic activity, mining also has significant environmental impacts including depletion of water resources, land degradation, air and water pollution, and disruption of wildlife habitats. The effects of mining include erosion, contamination of surface and groundwater, and damage to aquatic ecosystems from sedimentation.
The document provides information about the mining sector in India. It discusses that India has significant mineral resources and produces 89 minerals. The mining industry employs over 1.1 million people and minerals account for 16% of India's exports. It also outlines the various stages of the mine lifecycle from exploration to closure. Key players in the Indian mining industry are also mentioned. The impacts, prospects and cyclical nature of the mining sector are summarized.
1. The document discusses various aspects of mining, including the lives of miners, definitions of mining, materials that are mined, leaders and innovators in the mining industry, and the social, economic, political, and environmental impacts of mining.
2. Mining can have both benefits like jobs and economic growth as well as negatives such as health issues for miners, environmental pollution, and conflicts over mining revenues.
3. There are ongoing efforts to address issues like conflict diamonds and ensure the profits from mining are distributed fairly and used to help local communities.
1. Mining involves extracting valuable minerals and materials from the earth. Common methods are surface mining, which removes overburden, and underground mining using shafts or tunnels.
2. Surface mining techniques include placer mining for deposits close to the surface, strip mining which removes overburden, and mountaintop removal which levels entire mountains. Underground mining uses drifts, slopes, or shafts to access deep materials.
3. Mining has environmental impacts like deforestation, pollution from tailings, subsidence from underground mining, and dispersal of heavy metals and asbestos. It can also damage communities through land appropriation, health impacts, and social disruption.
Mining involves extracting ore from the earth through surface, underground, or solution mining methods. Ore is then processed through beneficiation techniques like crushing, grinding, separation based on magnetic or physical properties to extract the desired mineral. The concentrated ore is then smelted to separate the metal from waste rock. Environmental concerns from mining include pollution from waste rock and tailings disposal, acid mine drainage, subsidence from underground mining, air pollution from smelting operations, and contamination of water and land from chemicals used.
This document discusses various mining methods including surface mining techniques like alluvial mining and open-cast mining as well as underground mining techniques. It describes alluvial mining methods like using pans, rockers, and sluicing. For open-cast mining it discusses loading by hand or machine and different open-cast mining methods. Underground mining techniques discussed include room and pillar mining, open stoping methods using timber supports or waste filling, shrinkage stoping, and caving methods like top slicing and block caving.
Open pit mining involves digging a large hole or pit at the earth's surface to extract ore deposits near the surface. Overburden or waste rock is removed to expose the ore body, which is then extracted using large excavating equipment like shovels and haul trucks. Ore is transported from the pit either by truck or conveyor belt to a processing facility. Open pit mining provides high productivity and low costs but requires significant capital investment and can have large environmental impacts due to the large scale of surface disturbance. It is best suited to deposits that are relatively shallow and large in area.
The document is a chapter from a textbook on data mining written by Akannsha A. Totewar, a professor at YCCE in Nagpur, India. It provides an introduction to data mining, including definitions of data mining, the motivation and evolution of the field, common data mining tasks, and major issues in data mining such as methodology, performance, and privacy.
This document discusses various coal mining methods, including opencast and underground mining. For opencast mining, the main methods described are shovel and dumper, dragline, surface miner, and bucket wheel excavator. Underground mining methods discussed include continuous miners, longwall mining, and road headers. New concepts being implemented in India such as highwall mining, punch longwall mining, and longwall top coal caving are also summarized. The document provides diagrams and descriptions of the equipment used for different mining methods.
Dick Sternberg Zebra Mussel PresentationGlen Simons
This document summarizes information about zebra mussels, an invasive species that has caused significant ecological and economic damage after being introduced to North American waters. Some key points:
- Zebra mussels were introduced in the late 1980s and have since spread rapidly across many waterways, attaching to surfaces and filtering plankton that native species rely on.
- Their proliferation has disrupted aquatic food webs and ecosystems. It has reduced populations of native mussels, fish, and birds that have been poisoned by toxins concentrated up the food chain.
- They clog pipes, damage boats and infrastructure, and harm industries like power generation that rely on intake water. Their estimated U.S. economic costs
The document discusses the proposed Pebble Mine in Bristol Bay, Alaska. It would be a massive open-pit gold and copper mine that threatens to pollute the watershed and disrupt the salmon fishery. The Bristol Bay fishery supports over 10,000 jobs and is the world's largest sockeye salmon fishery. Opponents argue the mine poses too great a risk to the fishery and wildlife. The EPA will release a scientific assessment of the mine's environmental risks in April 2012.
Inside:
Protecting Headwater Streams
Bacteria Threaten Shellfsh
River Dewatered for Dams
Pocket Estuaries Provide Refuge
Chinook Get Population Boost
Logjams Constructed for Salmon
First Nations have a strong spiritual and cultural connection to water. Elders teach that water is sacred and must be respected. Traditional practices such as fishing, transportation, and ceremonies involve water. While some traditional practices continue, many communities face water quality issues. The Yellow Quill First Nation installed a new treatment plant using natural processes to address past boil water advisories. Northern communities are concerned about impacts of uranium mining on surrounding waters.
This document summarizes different types of freshwater ecosystems. It discusses lakes, ponds, wetlands, and rivers. Lakes and ponds can form naturally or be created by humans for uses like power generation and recreation. Wetlands are areas covered by fresh water and include marshes with non-woody plants and swamps dominated by woody plants. Wetlands provide benefits like filtering pollution and reducing floods. Rivers originate from snow melt and change as they flow from mountains, becoming warmer and slower.
This document discusses aquatic biodiversity and different marine and freshwater ecosystems. It describes the key producers, consumers, and larger organisms in aquatic environments. Some of the ecosystems highlighted include estuaries, mangrove forests, coral reefs, lakes, rivers, and wetlands. The document also notes threats to certain ecosystems like coral reefs and overfished areas.
Conservation strategies for LOKTAK lake ecosystemSWAGATIKA SAHOO
LOKTAK lake Largest freshwater lake in Northeast India.
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The document discusses the proposed Keystone XL pipeline that would transport crude oil from Canada through the U.S. to Texas. It notes concerns about the pipeline's proposed route through Nebraska's ecologically sensitive Sandhills region, which contains important wetlands and groundwater resources. While the pipeline may provide economic benefits, there are environmental risks like contamination from potential oil spills that could harm the Sandhills and Ogallala Aquifer. The document examines these issues and potential impacts through maps, photos from the Sandhills region, and discussions of previous pipeline oil spills.
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This document provides information about Valley Springs and New Hogan Lake in California. It describes the geology of the area, including the formation of the Valley Springs Formation from volcanic ash between 20-33 million years ago. It also discusses the history of New Hogan Lake, which was created in 1964 with the completion of New Hogan Dam to provide flood protection and water. The document includes photos and descriptions of oak trees, striped bass fish, toads, sandstone, conglomerate, and shale rocks found in the area. It references Steno's laws of stratigraphy and principles of unconformities observed at the field site.
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Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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Christian persecution in Islamic countries has intensified, with alarming incidents of violence, discrimination, and intolerance. This article highlights recent attacks in Nigeria, Pakistan, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq, exposing the multifaceted challenges faced by Christian communities. Despite the severity of these atrocities, the Western world's response remains muted due to political, economic, and social considerations. The urgent need for international intervention is underscored, emphasizing that without substantial support, the future of Christianity in these regions is at grave risk.
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17062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
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1. The Midwest Mining Rush and Conflicts over Tribal
Sovereignty: the Mole Lake and Bad River Ojibwe of Lake
Superior
• Al Gedicks
• Dept. of Sociology
• University of
Wisconsin-La Crosse
2. There are over a dozen new mining projects underway
in the Lake Superior region affecting the Ojibwe people.
3. Many of these projects are within the ceded territory of the Lake Superior Ojibwe in
Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota where the Ojibwe have reserved rights for
hunting, fishing and gathering under the treaties of 1837,1842 and 1854.
4. On September 14, 2011, Judge Paula Manderfield refused a request by the
Keweenaw Bay Indian Community to delay underground work at Kennecott’s
nickel sulfide underground mine at Eagle Rock in Michigan’s Upper
Peninsula
• Eagle Rock, the portal to
Kennecott’s sulfide mine, is
sacred to the Anishinaabe people,
who call it Migi zii wa sin.
• It is linked to ancient ceremonial
sites in Wisconsin and Montana
according to oral history.
• The state of Michigan says that
Eagle Rock is not a sacred site
because there is no building and
no mention of it in the written
record.
5. In late September 2011, Kennecott Eagle Minerals, a subsidiary of Rio Tinto of
London, began blasting at this sacred site where Fran Van Zile, an elder and keeper of
the water from the Mole Lake Ojibwe of Wisconsin conducted a water ceremony in
August 2009.
6. In Wisconsin, the Gogebic Taconite company has leases for 22,000 acres of
the Penokee-Gogebic Range, covering 22 miles in Ashland and Iron Counties,
one of the largest undeveloped low-grade iron (taconite) resources in the U.S.
7. The proposed open pit mine would initially be 4 miles long, 1/3 mile wide and 900 feet deep. The
overburden (waste rock) would be dumped in massive tailings piles at the headwaters of the Bad
River watershed. It would be the largest mine ever seen in Wisconsin. It would generate
approximately 560 million tons of tailings and 350 million tons of waste rock during Phase I.
8. Wetlands in areas of special natural resource interest (ASNRI wetlands) are defined as
either within the boundary of or having a direct connection to areas and waterways
with a special designation, including trout streams and Lake Superior.
9. Under current law, wetlands in areas of special natural resource interest (ASNR)
cannot be mitigated to offset damage done by development. The mining bill, written by
Gtac, would allow them to be filled or removed for iron mining.
10. The water that flows off the Penokee Hills currently feeds the Penokee aquifer and the Bad River
watershed. When sulfide minerals in the tailings are exposed to air and water, acid mine drainage
can release toxic metals into the watershed through the Kakagon Sloughs, a 16,000-acre complex
of wetlands, woodlands and sand dune ecosystems
11. Bad River Ojibwe tribal chair Mike Wiggins is concerned that this
mine could discharge polluted water to the Bad River watershed and
the tribe’s wild rice beds in the Kakagon Sloughs.
• The Kakagon Sloughs is one of
the largest undeveloped
freshwater estuaries in the world,
biologically important to
waterfowl, shorebirds, songbirds,
and several species of fish.
• Wild rice from the sloughs is
important forage for wildlife and
highly valued as a food source
and sacred plant by the Ojibwe
people.
• Wild rice is very sensitive to
water contaminants and
fluctuations in water level.
12. Mining pollution from Minnesota’s Mesabi Iron Range has
resulted in fish consumption advisories and a 100-mile-long
wild rice “dead zone” in the St. Louis River.
• Minnesota DNR studies show a
spike in sulfates in the St. Louis
River below the iron mines.
• Iron mining involves the removal
of overlying rocks which contain
heavy metals and sulfides.
• Len Anderson, a retired science
teacher and expert on wild rice,
says sulfates interfere with root
development.
• Minnesota is considering a
loosening of a 40 year old
standard for protecting wild rice
beds as new metallic sulfide
mines are proposed.
13. Taconite ore processing uses large amounts of energy and water, and liberate mercury.
Air emissions from taconite plants are the largest source of mercury in the Lake
Superior basin. Great Lakes Indian Fish & Wildlife Commission, “Iron Mining in the
Lake Superior Basin” October 2011
• “Air deposition of PCBs, mercury
and other toxics on water and
land is perhaps the most important
single source of risks.”
• “Fish and game have
bioaccumulated these toxic
chemicals..to levels posing
substantial health, ecological, and
cultural risks to a Native
American population that relies
heavily on local fish and game for
subsistence.”
14. “Hydrological fluctuations in a very sensitive area – the Sloughs at Bad River and the Bay will
have huge and catastrophic repercussions for my tribe, for my people. Don’t tell me my people
aren’t going to die from this.” Mike Wiggins Jr., Tribal Chair, Bad River Ojibwe
• In his “State of the Tribes” address
to the Wisconsin Assembly (April,
2011), Mike Wiggins said the Bad
River Ojibwe would not tolerate an
open pit mine in their watershed
district.
• In September 2010, the Bad River
Ojibwe, along with representatives
of Wisconsin’s other 10 tribes, met
with Governor Walker to discuss
their opposition to the mine and to
complain that the tribe has been left
out of all discussions about the
mine.
15. “We must demonstrate that we’ll be able to comply with these very strict standards, or
we will not receive our permits and there will be no project.” Matthew Fifield,
managing director for Gogebic Taconite. January 19, 2011 at the Northern Great Lakes Visitor
Center in Ashland, WI.
• Four months later, Gogebic
Taconite and the Wisconsin
Mining Association release a 186
page bill, called the “Jobs for
Generations Act” that would gut
Wisconsin environmental
regulations and create separate set
of regulations for this mine.
• The Iron Mining Bill would
prevent the public and the state’s
Indian Nations from challenging
industry’s “junk science” by
excluding them from participation
in the mine permitting process.
16. The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) is looking into whether Wisconsin
violated treaty rights by not consulting with tribal governments that could be
affected by a state mining bill. Wisconsin Public Radio, February 2, 2012.
• “The Mining bill does not contain
any provisions requiring DNR to
consult with Indian tribes when
considering an iron or taconite
mining application. Indeed,
Indian tribes appear to be the only
impacted stakeholder excluded
under the sections of public
information and notice and the
distribution of permit
applications.”
• Bad River Band of Lake Superior Tribe of
Chippewa Indians – Position Statement on
LRB-3520/1. December 13, 2011.
17. In October 2011, Bad River received “Treatment as a State” status from the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency so they can set their own water quality standards to protect water entering the
Kakagon Sloughs. Efforts to protect the water have brought together Indians, environmental and
sportfishing groups in interethnic alliances for environmental protection.
• “From just north of the Penokee
Mountain area to Lake Superior, our
tribe is ready to stand up and protect
Nibi (water) for all peoples and future
generations.”
• “As a sovereign nation, the Bad River
Tribal Government is committed to
preserving and enhancing its natural
resources for future generations and
believes clean water should not be
sacrificed for short-term speculative
economics.”
• Tribal chairman Mike Wiggins, Jr.
• Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, October 6, 2011
18. Gogebic Taconite’s proposed mine is the latest in an ongoing struggle to protect tribal resource
rights. The most violent opposition to Ojibwe treaty rights conflict occurred in the aftermath of the
Voigt Decision (1983) upholding the reserved rights of the Lake Superior Ojibwe.
19. While the Ojibwe defended their right to hunt, fish and gather in the ceded territory, Exxon
Minerals was proposing a zinc-copper sulfide mine one mile upstream of the wild rice beds of the
Mole Lake Ojibwe, five miles downwind of the Forest County Potawatomi and 40 miles upstream
of the Menominee Nation.
20. Opposition to Exxon’s proposed Crandon mine brought together an unlikely
coalition of Indians, environmental and sportfishing groups to protect the local
environment and economy for Indians and non-Indians alike .
21. The Crandon mine conflict extended over 28 years (1976-2003). A turning
point in the conflict occurred in 1995 when the Mole Lake Ojibwe received
Treatment as State (TAS) status to regulate water quality on their reservation.
22. In 1998 this interethnic alliance successfully lobbied for the passage of the Mining Moratorium
bill which prohibited the state from issuing a mine permit until the mining company could provide
an example of where a metallic sulfide mine in the U.S. or Canada has not polluted surface and
groundwaters during or after mining.This is also known as Wisconsin’s “Prove It First” law.
23. On October 28, 2003 the 28 year fight to stop the Crandon mine came to an
end. Not only had opponents defeated the controversial project, but the Mole
Lake Ojibwe and Forest County Potawatomi ended up owning and controlling
the mine site itself.
24. While the Mole Lake Ojibwe were fighting the Crandon project, on the Bad River reservation,
members of Anishinaabe Ogitchida (Protectors of the People) began a protest that halted train
shipments of sulfuric acid bound for Michigan’s Upper Peninsula. The Copper Range Co. wanted
to use the acid to extract ore from the White Pine copper mine. July 1996.
• The project would have poured
550 million gallons of acid into
underground tunnels only five
miles from Lake Superior.
• The only railroad tracks leading
to the mine cut through the Bad
River reservation, passing over
crumbling trestles over wetlands.
• Walt Bresette, an Ogitchida, said
“Sovereignty is not something
you ask for. Sovereignty is the
act.”
• The project was halted by the
EPA.
25. On January 26, 2011, Republicans in the Wisconsin Assembly locked the public out and passed a
version of a mining bill that did not consider the treaty rights of the Bad River Band of Lake
Superior Chippewa to co-manage the natural resources within the ceded territories – the northern
third portion of the state – that affect their communities.
• “We are undergoing a paradigm
shift from values based on money
and political power to the new
times where wealth is measured in
clean water, fresh air and pristine
wilderness. Anishinaabe have
been given the responsibility to
share the knowledge of how to
live in harmony with creation.”
• Joe Rose Sr. – Bad River tribal elder and
director of Native American Studies,
Northland College, Ashland, WI. Opening
statement to People’s Hearing on the Iron
Mining Bill, State Capitol, January 26,
2011.
26. On March 6, 2012 the Wisconsin Senate voted 17-16 with Republican Senator Dale Schultz,
joining all 16 Democrats in rejecting the Assembly mining bill.
Within hours after the vote, Gogebic Taconite announced it was pulling out of Wisconsin.
27. Grassroots environmental groups are supporting the Bad River tribe
and are counting on Ojibwe treaty rights as a way to protect the region
from ecologically destructive mining projects.
• Mining industry executives have
ranked Wisconsin at the bottom
of the list of favorable places for
mining investment.
• For more information:
• www.savethewatersedge.com
• www.wrpc.net
• www.conservationvoters.org
• www.cleanwisconsin.org
• www.wisconsin.sierraclub.org