This document discusses a project that measures, charges, and monitors battery capacity and temperature using embedded programming. The objectives are to design a circuit that measures current battery capacity and displays it on an LCD, develop a circuit that charges the battery while monitoring temperature with a sensor, and test the circuit to provide an environmentally friendly battery charger. A literature review covers previous works on battery monitoring systems and technologies like Arduino that are used in the methodology. The proposed methodology uses a circuit with an Arduino, battery holder, resistors, capacitor, MOSFET, temperature sensor, and LCD to control and monitor battery charging.

1. Measuring, Charging and
Monitoring the Battery Using
Embedded Programming
Presented by : Wan Nur Amirah binti Wan Mohd Zuki
Program : Bachelor Degree Of Computer Network Security
Matric No : BTBL15040135
Supervisor : Dr Aznida Hayati binti Zakaria @ Mohamad

2. 1.0 Introductory Part
1.1 Introduction
→ Batteries were the main providers for the main source of electricity
→ However, batteries are limited by the power output and energy life of
the batteries that runs on it
→ Batteries contain hazardous chemical substances that might
contaminate the environment
→ Hence, recycling the batteries are the most efficient way in reducing
the pollution

3. 1.0 Introductory Part
1.2 Background
→ Main idea is to use the batteries continuously; thus charging is needed
→ Therefore using regulated power supply, a Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH)
is chosen to charge
→ The most common type of AA batteries instead of easier to handle
→ The project is meant to charge a NiMH battery quickly and efficiently by
measuring and monitoring the charging
→ Microcontroller and temperature sensor are used to measure the
capacity and monitor the battery’s temperature respectively

4. 1.0 Introductory Part
1.3 Problem Statement
→ Batteries are source providers in electricity technology. However,
batteries do not have long life span
→ Users do not have any other power supply to recharge their batteries
→ Users do not know the current battery’s capacity

5. 1.0 Introductory Part
1.4 Objectives
→ To design a circuit that measure the current battery’s capacity and
display it on a LCD
→ To develop a circuit which charges the battery while being monitored
by a temperature sensor
→ To test the circuit and provide an environmental friendly battery
charger

6. 1.0 Introductory Part
1.5 Project Scope
→ Developed only for the rechargeable batteries
• Regulated power supply through AC Adapter is used for charging
• Know the current battery status to avoid over-charged
• The temperature sensor is included as to monitor the temperature of
a battery

7. 1.0 Introductory Part
1.6 Limitation of Works
→ This battery charger only applied for rechargeable batteries
→ The circuit applied for lower charge rate as to avoid overcharge
→ The circuit design for this charger is a basic Arduino power supply

8. 1.0 Introductory Part
1.7 Expected Result
→ The proposed project can achieve the objectives
→ The implementation and testing can be done successfully

9. 1.0 Introductory Part
1.8 Activities and Milestones
Month
Task
February March April May
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Final Year Project I
Final Year Project Workshop
Topic Discussion and Determination
Registration of proposed project title
Submission of title and brief description of the proposed project
Proposal Writing of Introduction
Proposal Writing of Literature Review
Preparation of Proposal and Presentation Slides
Proposal Progress Presentation and Evaluation
Amendment of proposal & Proposed Solution Methodology
Proof of Concept
Designing and implementing the framework
Drafting Report of The Proposal
Submission of Report’s Draft to Supervisor
Preparation for Seminar Presentation
Seminar Presentation
Submission of Final Report

10. 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors / Year Title Method Advantages Disadvantages
Ignatius Nakhoywa
Barasa, Justus Simiyu,
Sebastian Waita,
Denis Wekesa
Automobile Battery
Monitoring System using
Arduino Uno R3
Microcontroller Board
Battery Monitoring
System (BMS)
 Motorists no need to wait for
battery completely failed before
replacing
 Help optimize the battery
utilization
 Eliminate failures from
unintended discharge
 Keep track of the ability of
battery to store and supply
charge
 Can monitor battery
performance
 Conserve energy
 Save expensive battery repairs
 Avoid being inconvenience by
breakdowns from battery
failures

11. 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors / Year Title Method Advantages Disadvantages
Meng Di Yin,
Jeonghun Cho,
Daejin Park
Pulse-Based Fast Battery
IoT Charger Using
Dynamic Frequency and
Duty Control Techniques
Based on Multi-Sensing
of Polarization Curve
Dynamic Frequency,
Duty Control
Techniques
 Ensuring maximum charge
speed without damaging the
battery
 Can cause difficulties in
implementing
 Impact of charger on power
grid cannot be ignored
Selimcan Deda
Smart Battery Power
Management Unit
Power Management
Unit
 Provide optimum use of
battery powered devices
 PMU can alter the effective
power-supply source from
batteries
 Prolongs the battery life
 Monitor of PMU cannot
directly impede the current

12. 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors / Year Title Method Advantages Disadvantages
Ryan Savage
Design and
Implementation of A
Battery Monitoring
System for The TCU
Engineering Department
Electric Vehicle
Scalable Method
 Accurately measure and
record the voltage on each
individual battery used
 Improve maintenance efforts
Muhammad Saqif bin
Talib
Battery Monitoring
System using Arduino in
Solar Battery Charger
Solar Battery Charger
 Prevent unplanned outages on
critical power backup system
 Provides permanent and
continuous monitoring for
stand-by battery
• Analysis only takes place on DC
Load

13. 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.2 Technology Used
→ Embedded Programming
• Arduino is used to measure the capacity of battery and displayed the
reading on LCD

14. 3.0 METHODOLOGY
3.1 Circuit Requirement
→ Software Requirement
• Arduino 1.8.5
→ Hardware Requirements
• HP 14 Notebook PC
• Arduino Uno microcontroller
• AA Battery Holder
• Nickel-Metal Hydride AA Battery
• 10 ohm Power Resistor
• 1Mohm Resistor
• 1 µF Capacitor
• IRF510 MOSFET
• TMP36 Temperature Sensor
• 5V Regulated Power Supply
• Prototyping Breadboard
• Jumper Wires
• LCD

15. 3.0 METHODOLOGY
3.2 Framework
→ 5V regulated adapter power up the
circuit
→ MOSFET control current flow from
adapter to battery
→ 10 ohm resistor control the current flow
from the battery to Arduino
→ 1 Mohm resistor combined with
capacitor to allow Arduino to monitor
and control the current flowing into the
battery
→ Temperature sensor is used to monitor
the battery’s temperature
→ LCD will display the capacity