Vietnam faces challenges of rapid urbanization, climate change, and environmental degradation that threaten sustainable development. The document outlines Vietnam's urban development strategy and actions towards sustainability. It establishes indicator systems to monitor progress in areas like socioeconomics, environment, and quality of life. The strategy emphasizes green growth, public participation, and integrated economic, social and environmental goals for cities. It also highlights case studies of sustainable initiatives in Danang and Hue involving communities, conservation, and resilience to climate change impacts.

1. 1
VIETNAM URBAN DEVELOPMENT
TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE
Challenges and Actions
• M.Arch. Tạ Thị Thu Hương
Arch.t3huong@gmail.com
• Urban Development Agency – Ministry of Construction
• Ph.D candidate in Urban management faculty – NUCE
• Hanoi, Viet Nam September.2017
Future city 2017:
Urban sustainable development and mobility

2. About my job and my self
2
Urban development agency
Established on April, 2008 as the State organization to assist the Minister of
Construction (MOC)
Advise and assist the Minister in state management and implements the
law enforcement in the field of urban development. Implement programs
and projects in urban development field using state budget.
Duties, powers:
Chair to building jurisdiction and policies in Urban development for the Ministor
submit to the Prime Minister issued directions, strategies, overall planning of
national urban developments systems, programs, national key projects of urban
development; set up the national urban development ‘s goals in each period;
implement and supervise local governance in implementing the orientations,
strategies, planning, programs, projects approved by the Minister.

3. About my job and my self
3
Tạ Thị Thu
Hương
31 Jul 1984
(Leo)
My researchs:
+ Gender equality and woman’s right in Urban planning – International Workshop on the theme “Gender
equality and woman’s right in Urban planning “ - May 2017 – Eramus training program for South East Asia
coutries in Ha noi.
+ Waste Water issues on coastal urban area –Workshop on the theme “ Waste Water “ - March 2017 –
Ministry of natural resources and environment.
+ Urban green growth in Vietnam – International Research workshop in Delmenhorst – Jan 2017
+ Formulation sustainable urban development indicator systems. – 17th Science workshop of NUCE –
Sep 2016.
+ Water, urban and employment –Workshop on the theme "Water and Employment“ - March 2016 –
Ministry of natural resources and environment.
+ Planning, construction and land use management at coastal projects follow sustainable trend –
Planning magazine Feb 2015 (celebrate lunar new year version).
+ Building urban governance – Construction newspaper dated 28 Feb 2013.
+ Communities ’s role in urban development - Construction newspaper dated 10 Sep 2012
+ Management and building urban development strategy - Construction newspaper dated 02 Sep 2012
+ Integrating respond to climate change on the Urban development’s legal documents – Report at the
Workshop on the theme “Integrating content to respond to climate change on the legal documents in
Construction Sector“ is held by Legal Agency under MOC – Aug 2012
+ “Green architecture” Report at the Workshop on the theme “Green architecture” is held by Vietnam
architecture accosiate – April 2012.
2015 to
present
PhD candidate
in urban
management
at NUCE
2001-2006
Student of
Hanoi
architecture
university
2006-2011
Architect
of the 1st
division of
CDC
2007-2010
Student of
master
program of
HAU
2011-2012
Assistance
of GD
secretary of
Chairman
2012 to
present
Officers in
UDA (under
MOC)

4. Content
Development challenges and opportunities
Urban development sustainable strategy
The way forwards
1
2
3
4
Vietnam development scenario
0 Global urbanization and climate change

5. Global urbanization and climate change issues
Our world is changing faster than
at any other time.
The world’s population is
increasing dramatically.

6. Global urbanization and climate change issues
Climate change is touching all corners of our planet.
Our natural resources are dwindling by 2050.

7. Global urbanization and climate change issues
By 2050, scholars
estimated 70% of us will
live in cities.
Putting infrastructure and
transport systems under
extreme pressure.

8. Development scenario in Viet Nam
Surface area: 329,241 km²
Coastline: 3.260 km (excluding island)
Land boundaries: 4.639 km
Laos: 2.130 km
Cambodia: 1.228 km
China: 1.281 km
Climate: Tropical monsoon
Population
(million)
GDP (USD
Billion)
Growth
rate (%)
1945 20 0.013 0.4
1975 47.6 0.022 0.6
1986 61.1 6.3 0.8
2016 92.5 193.6 6.68

9. 9
Urbanization in Viet Nam
802 cities
2 special metropolitan
17 grade I
25 grade II
41 grade III
82 grade IV
635 grade V
Urbanization ratio:
35%
+ Climate change.
+ Environmental degradation
+ Rising living standards.
What are driven of
sustainable urban
development

10. 10
Vietnam Urban development challenges and opportunities
Salt water intrusion map in case sea level rise 1,0m
Challenges: Climate Change -
How to Take the Opportunity to Reform? Adaptive? Resilient?

11. 11
Urban Morphology? Waste of infrastructure investment.
Source:
World Bank report

12. 12
Infrastructure and Connection Linkage? Logistic Effectiveness?
Hub? Port and harbour to develop logistic destination for Asia?

13. 13
Urban Upgrading and Development? Inclusiveness, Equity

14. 2012
Urban
upgrading
program
2004
Vietnam
Agenda 21
1987
Brudtland
Our common
future
Vietnam believes green city, smart
city, eco city, friendly city are the
short-term methods to achieve
long-term sustainable urban
development goals
The participation of communities
and private sector are highly
appreciated.
Sustainable initiative
2002
Rio+10
Sustainable
goals

15. 15
Agenda 21 - the Strategy was prepared with wide participation and consultation
throughout the country.
The strategy focus on eradicate poverty and lift the people’s living standards, and
also emphasize Viet Nam must grow, industrialize and modernize, but economic,
social and environmental needs should be addressed in an integrated manner to
be sustainable in the long term.
The strategy clearly identifies development priorities for the coming decade and
how to achieve sustainable development by integrating economic growth, poverty
reduction and environmental protection.
Sustainable development has gained more popularity in Viet Nam to become the
central viewpoint of the country’s leaders as endorsed by the ninth Party Congress
and confirmed in the 10 year socio-economic development strategy.
Sustainable Urban development (in Vietnam perspective)

16. 16
• Sustainable indicators grouped into 5 categories:
- Socio-economic context and characteristics of growth;
- Environmental and resource productivity;
- Natural asset resources;
- Environmental dimension of quality of life;
- Economic opportunities and policy response (e.g. Official Development
Assistance).
These indicators are easily measurable and balanced between ‘sustainable’
and ‘development’.
However, complementary indicators monitoring would be useful, such as
share of public transport or share of coal-fired power supply.
Also monitoring the balance between modernization and traditional lifestyle
would be useful, for which NDP could be an inspiration.
Operation and monitoring

17. 17
Indicator used
Each ministry creates their own action plan with specific indicators and
figure out their own schedule.
As this concept still very new, some indicators and measurement
methods are still under construction.
How the progress of sustainable would be
monitored
Involve ministry submit progress report to the Prime minister yearly.
Who would monitor?
• Ministry of investment and planning (MoIP)
• Ministry of Finance (MoF)
• Ministry of industry and trade (MoIT)
• Ministry of construction (MoC)

18. 18
Strategy & Action Plan for sustainable urban development
focus on green growth indicators (2014)
National GG Action Plan - Decision No 403/QD-TTg dated March 20, 2014:
• urban planning/ master planning,
• development of urban technical infrastructure,
• development of green cities, eco-urban areas and green works,
• urban transportation, and
• greening urban landscape
In urban sector: third strategic task focus on green lifestyle and sustainable
consumption
• 60% of class III cities will have wastewater collection and treatment systems that
meet regulatory standards;
• 40% of class IV and V cities will have wastewater collection and treatment
systems that meet regulatory standards;
• 100% environmental improvement in severely polluted areas;
• The rate of urban solid waste collected and treated will meet regulatory standards;
• 35-45% shared public transportation in large and medium cities, and
• 50% of large and medium cities attain green urban standards

19. 19
VNGGS and Action Plan 2014 goals

20. Analysis SWOT urban development model of Đà nẵng city
S:
S1-important geography position (connecting
S-N on land and off shore)
S2- Traffic hub, convenient to develop logistic
(multiple transportation).
S3- Beautiful natural landscape, easy to
develop tourism and support services
S4- Citizens are young, ambitious and active,
willingness to learn.
S5- Leader care about green growth issues
W:
W1-Huge area at South is a low land and always
sink in the rainy weather.
W2- Airport locates at the city center.
W3- Coastal city, complicated weather condition,
have to surf storms and typhoons frequently.
W4-Multiple human race and degrade population
as the competition from the bigger city.
O:
O1-welknown ( many financial, social
organization and project program want
to corporate with)
O2- local policies open and willingness to
change.
O3- central government considers DN as a
economic booth center of middle area.
O4 –Have international and national historical
heritage places.
T:
T1-The neighbor cities are rising as the new
competitors to attract foreign directly
investment (FDI)
T2-Urban population rising bring negative affect
to conservation natural heritage
T3- Exhausted natural resources and minerals
T4-Climate change and sea level rise affected to
North area of the city.
T5-Limitation of land for development proposal.

21. From SWOT analysis to actions for sustainable urban
development model of Danang cities:
•S4-O1: Advertisement tourism through city development pictures.
•S6-O3: Operate the support from Government to set up the development frame work
(finance support, experts, technical supports)
•S42O: Develop the smart transportation systems connect the heritage places.
•S1-T1: Improve local governance connection for sustainable regional economical
collaboration
•S1,2-T4- Building Regional Master planning resilience climate change and sea level rise.
•S4-T2 Formal jurisdiction in sustainable citizen development (Balance with
infrastructure development)
•S4-O1 Strengthen collaborate with international research organization in improve
officer qualifications in Urban sector.
•W3-O3: Support center government in implementing urban resilience climate change
and sea level rise programs within urban boundary.
•W3,4-O2: Revise formal planning consider conservation and presevation
•W1,3-T5: Planning focus on concrete development, high density
•W1,3-T4: Citizen management policies in the low land in the South city

22. Motivation for sustainability urban in Hue city (public participation in urban planning):

23. Strategy and action for sustainable urban model of Hue city:

24. 24
Sustainable urban development Initiatives

25. 25
For the community – By the community
A Case of Danang City…
https://www.facebook.com/groups/dothidanang/

26. 26
Urban Art - Creativeness for a Changes…
Tam Thanh, Tam Ky
https://www.facebook.com/langbichhoatamthanh

27. Saving Greenery landscape
Building new life style

28. The ways forwards –
What we expect to achieve
28
State government Local government Communities
• Urban development law (include
sustainable goals)
• National urban development
strategy
• Sustainable urban development
concept and indicator systems
• Concern qualify of planning
• Improve infrastructure systems
• Consider land use management
• Training officer in urban field to
meet urban ’s needs.
• Respect communities’ s opinions
• Corporate in planning process
• Supervise the improve
infrastructure systems process.
• Interfere with the decision
making.
Integration Sustainable urban target
• Integrate CSED in to technical planning systems
• Building General urban development agency
• Set up local urban development department in 63
provinces.
• Urban development in the concern of economic –
social – environment benefit to meet the higher
needs of citizen without effect to the potential
development of future generation.
Better formulation urban policy and Improve the local government ‘s quality

29. 29
Urban Sustainable development Actions

30. 30
The ways forwards –
What we expect to achieve

31. “Geography is destiny” - opportunities
Vietnam’s location – its proximity to China and South East Asia, and its good sea links –
make it a good base for logistic and trade to the rest of Asia and beyond

32. He who sees through life and death
will meet with most success
Who we are on the international map? to learn our advantage and disadvantage
point will help to figure out a strategy, a solution for our country development.
How to empower our natural resources?
How to find a way out to kick off our economic as well as build up a social life?
(keeps our intellectual value and creates the heritage of this generation)
What is the sustainable solution to develop our cities?
How we can balance the immediate benefits to the long term visions? How we
built environment cope?
It’s a question our generation is working hard to answer.

33. 33
Thank You for Your Attention
arch.t3huong@gmail.com
We are the first generation to feel the impact
of climate change and the last generation that
can do something about it.
Barack Obama
( 44th President of the United States of America )