This study assessed the hazard vulnerability and disaster risk of coastal communities in Bataan, Philippines to inform the development of a Disaster Preparedness and Mitigation Plan (DPMP). The researchers found that the communities have high vulnerability due to low livelihood opportunities and incomes, inadequate infrastructure, and location along the coastline or mountainsides. Disaster risks include high susceptibility to flooding and landslides, as well as a potential for tsunamis. While seminars on natural hazards have been conducted, there is no local government committee or volunteer group to assist during emergencies. The researchers recommend empowering communities financially, conducting more educational seminars, teaching disaster response skills, providing emergency equipment, and developing a comprehensive DPMP

1. REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
BATAAN PENINSULA STATE UNIVERSITY
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OFFICE
City of Balanga, 2100 Bataan
DISASTER RISKS AND HAZARD VULNERABILITY OF
COASTAL COMMUNITIES IN BATAAN: BASIS FOR
DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND MITIGATION
PLAN (DPMP)
(Terminal Report)
Main Researcher
LOURDES S. SANTOS, Ed. D.
Co-Researchers
ROLLIVER M. BACILES, Ed. D., CESO
LEANDRO T. OLUBIA, MAEd
JOB DIOSO PAGUIO, MHisto
JAIME M. FORBES, MAEd
Faculty Members, College of Education, BPSU-Balanga Campus
BATAAN PENINSULA STATE UNIVERSITY
Funding Agency
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2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researchers who worked on the research “Disaster Risks and Hazard
Vulnerability of Coastal Communities in Bataan: Basis for Disaster Preparedness and
Mitigation Plan (DPMP)” gratefully acknowledge the following individuals and institutions
for helping in the conduct of the study:
Dr. Delfin O. Magpantay, our University President for giving me the opportunity to
develop this research project and have this project realized;
Dr. Gregorio J. Rodis, Vice-President for Research and Auxilalliary Services,
Mrs. Arlene Ibanez, Director of Research and Development, Mrs. Wilma BanabanTumaliuan, the Associate Director for Research in BPSU-Balanga Campus and the
RDO Staff for their divine assistance and help extended all throughout the undertaking
of the research project;
Dr. Rolliver M. Baciles, Dean of the College of Education, and CoEd faculty
members for giving me moral support in making this research project accomplished;
The Bachelor of Secondary Education major in Social Studies students and
members of Social Science Society for their unconditional help in the gathering of data
and visitation to the coastal communities;
The local barangay officials and coastal families of Bagac namely Brgy.
Paysawan, Binuangan and Quinawan and of Morong town namely Brgy. Poblacion, Mabayo
and Sabang for the warm accommodation and participation to the study.
The administrators and personnel of Advanced National Seismic System Catalogue,
PHILVOCS, DOST, Mines and Geosciences Bureau, Department of Environment and Natural
Resources and Manila Observatory for the helpful maps used by the researchers.
To You and Almighty God in Heaven, for the strength, talent and wisdom
bestowed upon us to make this project possible.
Researchers
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3. TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRELIMINARIES
Title Page
Acknowledgement
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Appendices
Abstract
Page
i
ii
iii
Iv
v
vi
INTRODUCTION
Rationale
Statement of the Problem
Related Literature
Conceptual Framework
1
4
4
13
METHODOLOGY
Method of Research
Research Instruments
14
14
15
Procedures in Gathering Data
DISCUSSIONS OF RESULTS AND FINDINGS
Hazard Vulnerability of the Coastal Communities in Terms of Livelihood Strength
and Resilience
Hazard Vulnerability of the Coastal Communities in Terms of Well-Being and
Baseline Status
Hazard Vulnerability of the Coastal Communities in Terms of Self- Protection
Hazard Vulnerability of the Coastal Communities in Terms of Social Protection and
Governance
Disaster Risk in the Coastal Communities in Terms of Flooding and Landslide
Disaster Risk in the Coastal Communities in Terms of Volcanic Eruptions
Disaster Risk in the Coastal Communities in Terms of Earthquake
Disaster Risk in the Coastal Communities in Terms of Tsunami
Initial Disaster Preparedness Plan of the Coastal Communities
18
31
34
38
41
47
49
54
57
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary of Findings
Conclusion
Recommendation
60
60
61
REFERENCES
62
APPENDICES
Line Item Budget
65
66
Time Table of the Study
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4. LIST OF FIGURES
Figures
Title
Page
1
Livelihood Strength and Resilience in Terms of Family Occupation
18
2
Livelihood Strength and Resilience in Terms of Number of Family
Members
20
3
Livelihood Strength and Resilience in Terms of Type of Family
21
4
Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Monthly Family Income
22
5
5 Livelihood Strength and Resilience in Terms of Sufficiency of
Monthly Income
23
6
Livelihood Strength and Resilience in Terms of Presence of
Livelihood Projects
24
7
Livelihood Strength and Resilience in Terms of Means of
Transportation
25
8
Livelihood Strength and Resilience in Terms of Garbage Disposal
System
26
9
Livelihood Strength and Resilience in Terms of Human Waste
Disposal System
27
10
Livelihood Strength and Resilience in Terms of Drainage System
28
11
Livelihood Strength and Resilience in Terms of Source of Water
Supply
29
12
Livelihood Strength and Resilience in Terms of Source of Light
Energy
30
13
Livelihood Strength and Resilience in Terms of the Composition of
the Family Members According to Age
31
14
Well-Being and Baseline Status in Terms of the Type of Illness
32
15
Well-Being and Baseline Status in Terms of the Type of Disability
32
16
Well-Being and Baseline Status in Terms of the Number of Families
with Medical Insurance
33
17
Self-Protection in Terms of the Type of the House
34
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5. 18
Self-Protection in Terms of the Location of the House
35
19
Self-Protection in Terms of the Acceptance of Relocation
36
20
Self-Protection in Terms of the Advice from the LGUs in the House
Construction
37
21
Social Protection and Governance in Terms of the Seminar
Conducted by the LGU on Natural Hazard
38
22
Social Protection and Governance in Terms of the Presence of LGU
Committee to Assist during Hazardous Event
39
23
Social Protection and Governance in Terms of the Presence of
Volunteer Group to Assist during Hazardous Event
40
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6. Disaster Risks and Hazard Vulnerability of Coastal Communities in Bataan: Basis
for Disaster Preparedness and Mitigation Plan (DPMP)
by Lourdes S. Santos, Ed. D.*
oiugapeboj@yahoo.com
Jaime M. Forbesa, Rolliver M. Baciles, Ed. D.b, Job D. Paguioc and Leandro T. Olubiad
Co-Researchers
*Corresponding Author
*abcd
Faculty Members, College of Education, Bataan Peninsula State University,
Balanga City, Bataan, Philippines
This descriptive research aimed to assess the hazard vulnerability and disaster
risk of local coastal communities (barangay) of Bataan which will serve as basis in the
creation of a Disaster Preparedness and Mitigation Plan (DPMP). Specifically, this study
aimed to identify the hazard vulnerability of the coastal communities along livelihood
strength and resilience, well-being and baseline status, self-protection and social
protection and governance. It also assessed the disaster risk in the coastal communities
along flooding and landslides, volcanoes, earthquake and tsunami.
Eventually, the
results of the study will be used in designing Disaster Preparedness and Mitigation Plan
for the use of local communities focusing on disaster preparedness, risk reduction,
emergency response and reconstruction and rehabilitation. The study used a social
survey method, participatory risk assessment and action planning tools and refered to
the maps provided by Advanced National Seismic System Catalogue, PHILVOCS, DOST,
Mines and Geosciences Bureau, Department of Environment and Natural Resources and
Manila Observatory. The study was conducted in 6 coastal barangays of Bagac and
Morong, Bataan. A total of 213 respondents participated in the study.
The researchers found out that most mothers have no occupation while the majority of
the fathers are farmers. The average size of the family is 6 members. Most of the families are
extended and earn less than 10,000 pesos a month. There are also inadequate income
opportunities in the area. Burning is the main system of disposing the garbage and majority of
the people use water sealed septic exclusive. The source of water supply is through shared
faucet while most houses are already electrified. Since the area is coastal but surrounded by
mountains on the other side, majority of the residents live along the coastline. In times of natural
disasters, majority of the people are willing to relocate. However, they were not properly advised
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7. by the LGUs regarding the Building Code during the construction of their houses. The LGU has
already conducted seminar about natural hazard particularly on tsunami and typhoon. There is
neither LGU Committee nor volunteer group to assist during hazardous event. In terms of
disaster risk in the coastal communities, the communities along the coastline of Bagac and
Morong are highly susceptible to flooding while those communities near the mountainsides are
highly susceptible to landslides. There is a low risk of volcanic eruptions in the area as well as
earthquake and earthquake-triggered landslides. There is a high potential of tsunami in the
coastal communities of Bagac and Morong.
In light of the findings, the researchers proposed that the coastal communities must be
empowered financially by providing them adequate sources of means of livelihood to help them
prepare for disasters and post-disaster conditions. Also, seminars regarding the risks of hazards
and the vulnerability of the coastal communities must be conducted to inform them of the
disasters that pose dangers to their lives and their properties. Likewise, disaster drills and
practices must be taught to the coastal families not only to local officials so that they may be
empowered in the face of disasters and natural hazards. Furthermore, equipment and facilities
must be provided to the coastal communities like warning system, rubber boats and other
necessary materials that are needed in pre and post disaster management. Finally, a
comprehensive Disaster Preparedness and Mitigation Plan (DPMP) must be written immediately
in light of the findings made by the study.
vii