This document discusses open access for monographs and academic books. It addresses what monographs are, their importance in research, and challenges around open access policies and funding models. Some key points made include:
- Monographs play an important role in knowledge creation but have different business models than articles.
- There is no single funding model that will cover all monographs, so a mix of models will be needed.
- Open access policies vary globally and are not always enforced consistently.
- Discovery, metadata, hosting and preservation infrastructure is still developing to fully support open access monographs.
- Author attitudes towards open access vary significantly based on discipline, career stage and other factors. More nuanced approaches
Supporting Open Access for Monographs LIBER Europe
Supporting Open Access for Monographs (Eelco Ferwerda, OAPEN Foundation, The Netherlands). This presentation was one of the 10 most highly ranked at LIBER's Annual Conference 2014 in Riga, Latvia. Learn more: www.libereurope.eu
Presentation by Dr Tom Olijhoek, Editor-in-Chief, at NEICON/ASEP Conference, May 17, 2016, Moscow, on the status of DOAJ post the shut-down of the reapplication project
A presentation, made by Lars to the Asian Council of Science Editors, on the problems facing academic publishing and what DOAJ is doing to push a change towards greater openness
OA in the Library Collection: The Challenge of Identifying and Managing Open ...NASIG
Librarians, researchers, and the general public have largely embraced the concept of open access (OA). Yet, incorporating OA resources into existing discovery and tracking systems is often a complicated process. Open access material can be delivered through a variety of publishing or archival mechanisms, creating certain challenges, particularly for those managing e-resources. Although an increasing proportion of research output is becoming open access each year, organization and discovery of these resources remains imperfect.
The debate between the relative merits of Green and Gold OA is regularly discussed in academic circles but less attention is devoted towards Hybrid OA and the challenges inherent in this model. Most major publishers offer open access through one or more of these models, but open access metadata standards seem to be lacking among these content providers. The presenters will discuss some of these challenges identified in the literature and through other mechanisms, including data gathered by NISO and an original survey. By identifying these issues, the scholarly communication community can work together to improve discovery for end users.
Chris Bulock
Electronic Resources Librarian, SIUE Lovejoy Library
Chris is an Electronic Resources Librarian and NASIG member from the St. Louis area. His research and work are focused on improving the library user's experience. Chris is the recipient of the 2012 HARRASSOWITZ Charleston Conference Scholarship.
Nathan Hosburgh
Discovery & Systems Librarian, Rollins College
Nate Hosburgh is currently the Discovery & Systems Librarian at Rollins College in Winter Park, Florida as part of a revamped Collections & Systems department that includes ILL, collection development, acquisitions, systems, and technical services. Previously, he held positions managing e-resources at Montana State University and managing interlibrary loan & document delivery at Florida Institute of Technology in Melbourne
Supporting Open Access for Monographs LIBER Europe
Supporting Open Access for Monographs (Eelco Ferwerda, OAPEN Foundation, The Netherlands). This presentation was one of the 10 most highly ranked at LIBER's Annual Conference 2014 in Riga, Latvia. Learn more: www.libereurope.eu
Presentation by Dr Tom Olijhoek, Editor-in-Chief, at NEICON/ASEP Conference, May 17, 2016, Moscow, on the status of DOAJ post the shut-down of the reapplication project
A presentation, made by Lars to the Asian Council of Science Editors, on the problems facing academic publishing and what DOAJ is doing to push a change towards greater openness
OA in the Library Collection: The Challenge of Identifying and Managing Open ...NASIG
Librarians, researchers, and the general public have largely embraced the concept of open access (OA). Yet, incorporating OA resources into existing discovery and tracking systems is often a complicated process. Open access material can be delivered through a variety of publishing or archival mechanisms, creating certain challenges, particularly for those managing e-resources. Although an increasing proportion of research output is becoming open access each year, organization and discovery of these resources remains imperfect.
The debate between the relative merits of Green and Gold OA is regularly discussed in academic circles but less attention is devoted towards Hybrid OA and the challenges inherent in this model. Most major publishers offer open access through one or more of these models, but open access metadata standards seem to be lacking among these content providers. The presenters will discuss some of these challenges identified in the literature and through other mechanisms, including data gathered by NISO and an original survey. By identifying these issues, the scholarly communication community can work together to improve discovery for end users.
Chris Bulock
Electronic Resources Librarian, SIUE Lovejoy Library
Chris is an Electronic Resources Librarian and NASIG member from the St. Louis area. His research and work are focused on improving the library user's experience. Chris is the recipient of the 2012 HARRASSOWITZ Charleston Conference Scholarship.
Nathan Hosburgh
Discovery & Systems Librarian, Rollins College
Nate Hosburgh is currently the Discovery & Systems Librarian at Rollins College in Winter Park, Florida as part of a revamped Collections & Systems department that includes ILL, collection development, acquisitions, systems, and technical services. Previously, he held positions managing e-resources at Montana State University and managing interlibrary loan & document delivery at Florida Institute of Technology in Melbourne
International Workshop on "Information Management Tools for Academic and Research Libraries", All India Shri Shivaji Memorial Society’s College of Engineering, Pune – 1
18 to 22 December 2017 Lars Bjørnshauge
Basic statements about the current Scholarly Communication System.
The promises of Open Access!
Where are we now with Open Access?
DOAJ and what we do!
Modern research metrics and new models of evaluation have risen high on the academic agenda in the last few years. In this session two UK institutions who have adopted such metrics across their faculty will share their motivations and experiences of doing so, and explain further how they are integrating these data into existing models of review and analysis.
OCLC continues to introduce new products and services and to support innovative research and library initiatives. Attend this session to hear all about the newest OCLC activities.
Presented by Christa Burns as the NEBASE Hour for August 6, 2008.
Presentación en Congreso de Bibliotecas Universitarias y Especilizadas 27 y 28 de mayo de 2014, organizado por SISIB U. de Chile.
http://bibliotecas.uchile.cl/congreso/programa/index.html
Library Assessment Toolkit & Dashboard Scoping Research Final Report and Path...Megan Hurst
Athenaeum21 is pleased to announce the public release of “Library Assessment Toolkit & Dashboard Scoping Research Final Report and Path Forward." The report is the culmination of a six-month research project in collaboration with the University Library of the University of California, Davis; the Bodleian Libraries of the University of Oxford; and the Staats und Universitätsbibliothek, Göttingen, Germany. The research project examined how libraries currently assess their resources and services, and areas of opportunity to streamline and visualize library performance through a common and customizable set of key performance indicators (KPIs) and dashboard modules. The research team interviewed library assessment leaders and practitioners across diverse institutions and geographies, and reviewed the current landscape of technology, tools, and services addressing their needs.
[Click and drag to move]
The report concludes that "the majority of library managers approach assessment and evaluation in an ad hoc and reactive manner as questions arise. Managers spend valuable time manually collecting, cleaning, and normalizing data from diverse systems, and then perform one-time or static interpretations. The library managers that we interviewed during our research felt that the availability of a toolkit and dashboard could free them to probe and interpret more data, think more strategically, and develop more meaningful questions about measuring and evaluating library performance. While the scoping research focused on the performance of research libraries, the proposed toolkit and dashboard framework could be adopted and customized by any type of library, including smaller college and university libraries, community college libraries, and public libraries. Institutionalizing the project through sponsorship by an appropriate body or syndicate of libraries would help assure its extensibility nationally and internationally."
Levine-Clark, Michael, Jane Burke, and Henning Schönenberger, “Assessing the ...Michael Levine-Clark
Levine-Clark, Michael, Jane Burke, and Henning Schönenberger, “Assessing the Value and Impact of Discovery Systems,” Invited, Special Libraries Association – Arabian Gulf Chapter, Kuwait City, April 20, 2016.
Collection development is big business and how academic libraries decide to invest in content is radically changing. This is being driven as much by new approaches to organisational design, relationship management, and data insight in universities as by changes to business models and technology in scholarly publishing and the supply chain. Based on recent experience at Edinburgh, Manchester and Northumbria, this participatory session will explore new strategies for collection development, and specifically address challenges and opportunities faced by libraries that have moved or are transitioning from traditional subject librarian roles.
Slides from the ACRL 2021 conference panel presentation "Open access investment at the local level: Sharing diverse tactics to improve access and affordability."
Panelists include:
- Sam Teplitzky, Open Science Librarian, UC Berkeley
- Timothy Vollmer, Scholarly Communication & Copyright Librarian, UC Berkeley
- Sharla Lair, Senior Strategist, Open Access & Scholarly Communication Initiatives at LYRASIS
- Tom Narock, Assistant Professor of Data Science at Goucher College
- Justin Gonder, Senior Product Manager, Publishing, California Digital Library.
Panel topic:
Improving accessibility, inclusivity, and affordability of scholarship is a central tenet to realizing a more equitable higher education system. Many decisions about open access investments take place at administrative or consortial levels, but librarians frequently field requests for access, resources, or partnerships at the local level through their relationships with students, researchers, and faculty. An open access investment working group was established at UC Berkeley Library in late 2019 to bridge this gap between larger scale strategic investment and local decision making. The group proposed a set of criteria to guide library investments in sustainable open access projects. With this group’s work in the foreground, the panel will share real-world examples of where and how academic libraries decide to invest in open access resources. Panelists will discuss commonalities and differences in strategies and give attendees examples they can apply in their own roles.
Open Access in the World of Scholarly Journals: creation and discoveryNASIG
Access to scholarly journals produced by commercial publishers is becoming more and more expensive, and open access to publicly-funded research results is increasingly mandated by funding bodies. In response to these and other motivators, the open access scholarly journal movement is growing. In the Canadian context, open access publishing has begun to get more traction in response to these factors, and in spite of some resistance by researchers. University and college libraries are getting involved in both the promotion and the creation of open access content. An example of this is the University of Lethbridge Journal Incubator, which publishes three open access journals from the University Library. We will explore some of the benefits and drawbacks of open access in scholarly communications.
One model of open access is the hybrid journal, which causes particular challenges for discovery and access. With access restricted at the article, rather than the journal level, it's surprisingly hard to get library users to OA content through catalogs, link resolvers, or even discovery tools. Chris will investigate some of the roadblocks and consult with publishers, librarians, and service providers to see what is currently being done to overcome this challenge. Are readers currently getting to OA content in hybrid journals through library systems and sites? Is the NISO License and Access Indicators Recommended Practice likely to change current practices? How are discovery tool vendors responding to this challenge? Can service providers outside of the traditional library content and software sector have an impact? After investigating all of these angles Chris will try to determine if there is a likely way forward and share what attendees can do to improve access to Hybrid OA journals in the short and long term.
Sandra Cowan is the liaison librarian for English, Modern Languages, Religious Studies and the Faculty of Fine Arts at the University of Lethbridge in Alberta, Canada. She has research interests in digital humanities, scholarly communications, and research methods of creative workers.
Chris Bulock is the Electronic Resources Librarian at California State University Northridge. His research has focused on perpetual access, e-resource evaluation, and the effect of Open Access on collection development and e-resource management. He writes a column on OA issues in the Serials Review, and he is an incoming NASIG Member at Large.
Introduction to the Oxford Collections Visualization ProjectChristine Madsen
The overall goals of this project are 1) to provide an overall visualization of all the collections at Oxford that are available to students, faculty, and staff without having to create item-level metadata for everything; 2) to provide a new and innovative type of resource discovery for Oxford’s collections that is not dependent upon search. The aim of this pilot stage of the the project is to provide a working prototype that will demonstrate the feasibility of both.
Making Open the Default in Scholarly Communication, and the Implications for ...SPARC Europe
Presentation: Making Open the Default in Scholarly Communication, and the Implications for the Future of Libraries
for QQML 2016
in London, UK
24-27 May 2016
Open Access in Humanities and Social Sciences, Munin conference, nov 2013Eelco Ferwerda
Humanities and social sciences face speficic challenges when moving to Open Access. This presentation explores the current status of OA for HSS and the tensions when moving OA. It gives an overview of the situation for monographs, presents the various OA business models, and looks at promising models and solutions for HSS. The presentation ends with recommendations for all stakeholders.
International Workshop on "Information Management Tools for Academic and Research Libraries", All India Shri Shivaji Memorial Society’s College of Engineering, Pune – 1
18 to 22 December 2017 Lars Bjørnshauge
Basic statements about the current Scholarly Communication System.
The promises of Open Access!
Where are we now with Open Access?
DOAJ and what we do!
Modern research metrics and new models of evaluation have risen high on the academic agenda in the last few years. In this session two UK institutions who have adopted such metrics across their faculty will share their motivations and experiences of doing so, and explain further how they are integrating these data into existing models of review and analysis.
OCLC continues to introduce new products and services and to support innovative research and library initiatives. Attend this session to hear all about the newest OCLC activities.
Presented by Christa Burns as the NEBASE Hour for August 6, 2008.
Presentación en Congreso de Bibliotecas Universitarias y Especilizadas 27 y 28 de mayo de 2014, organizado por SISIB U. de Chile.
http://bibliotecas.uchile.cl/congreso/programa/index.html
Library Assessment Toolkit & Dashboard Scoping Research Final Report and Path...Megan Hurst
Athenaeum21 is pleased to announce the public release of “Library Assessment Toolkit & Dashboard Scoping Research Final Report and Path Forward." The report is the culmination of a six-month research project in collaboration with the University Library of the University of California, Davis; the Bodleian Libraries of the University of Oxford; and the Staats und Universitätsbibliothek, Göttingen, Germany. The research project examined how libraries currently assess their resources and services, and areas of opportunity to streamline and visualize library performance through a common and customizable set of key performance indicators (KPIs) and dashboard modules. The research team interviewed library assessment leaders and practitioners across diverse institutions and geographies, and reviewed the current landscape of technology, tools, and services addressing their needs.
[Click and drag to move]
The report concludes that "the majority of library managers approach assessment and evaluation in an ad hoc and reactive manner as questions arise. Managers spend valuable time manually collecting, cleaning, and normalizing data from diverse systems, and then perform one-time or static interpretations. The library managers that we interviewed during our research felt that the availability of a toolkit and dashboard could free them to probe and interpret more data, think more strategically, and develop more meaningful questions about measuring and evaluating library performance. While the scoping research focused on the performance of research libraries, the proposed toolkit and dashboard framework could be adopted and customized by any type of library, including smaller college and university libraries, community college libraries, and public libraries. Institutionalizing the project through sponsorship by an appropriate body or syndicate of libraries would help assure its extensibility nationally and internationally."
Levine-Clark, Michael, Jane Burke, and Henning Schönenberger, “Assessing the ...Michael Levine-Clark
Levine-Clark, Michael, Jane Burke, and Henning Schönenberger, “Assessing the Value and Impact of Discovery Systems,” Invited, Special Libraries Association – Arabian Gulf Chapter, Kuwait City, April 20, 2016.
Collection development is big business and how academic libraries decide to invest in content is radically changing. This is being driven as much by new approaches to organisational design, relationship management, and data insight in universities as by changes to business models and technology in scholarly publishing and the supply chain. Based on recent experience at Edinburgh, Manchester and Northumbria, this participatory session will explore new strategies for collection development, and specifically address challenges and opportunities faced by libraries that have moved or are transitioning from traditional subject librarian roles.
Slides from the ACRL 2021 conference panel presentation "Open access investment at the local level: Sharing diverse tactics to improve access and affordability."
Panelists include:
- Sam Teplitzky, Open Science Librarian, UC Berkeley
- Timothy Vollmer, Scholarly Communication & Copyright Librarian, UC Berkeley
- Sharla Lair, Senior Strategist, Open Access & Scholarly Communication Initiatives at LYRASIS
- Tom Narock, Assistant Professor of Data Science at Goucher College
- Justin Gonder, Senior Product Manager, Publishing, California Digital Library.
Panel topic:
Improving accessibility, inclusivity, and affordability of scholarship is a central tenet to realizing a more equitable higher education system. Many decisions about open access investments take place at administrative or consortial levels, but librarians frequently field requests for access, resources, or partnerships at the local level through their relationships with students, researchers, and faculty. An open access investment working group was established at UC Berkeley Library in late 2019 to bridge this gap between larger scale strategic investment and local decision making. The group proposed a set of criteria to guide library investments in sustainable open access projects. With this group’s work in the foreground, the panel will share real-world examples of where and how academic libraries decide to invest in open access resources. Panelists will discuss commonalities and differences in strategies and give attendees examples they can apply in their own roles.
Open Access in the World of Scholarly Journals: creation and discoveryNASIG
Access to scholarly journals produced by commercial publishers is becoming more and more expensive, and open access to publicly-funded research results is increasingly mandated by funding bodies. In response to these and other motivators, the open access scholarly journal movement is growing. In the Canadian context, open access publishing has begun to get more traction in response to these factors, and in spite of some resistance by researchers. University and college libraries are getting involved in both the promotion and the creation of open access content. An example of this is the University of Lethbridge Journal Incubator, which publishes three open access journals from the University Library. We will explore some of the benefits and drawbacks of open access in scholarly communications.
One model of open access is the hybrid journal, which causes particular challenges for discovery and access. With access restricted at the article, rather than the journal level, it's surprisingly hard to get library users to OA content through catalogs, link resolvers, or even discovery tools. Chris will investigate some of the roadblocks and consult with publishers, librarians, and service providers to see what is currently being done to overcome this challenge. Are readers currently getting to OA content in hybrid journals through library systems and sites? Is the NISO License and Access Indicators Recommended Practice likely to change current practices? How are discovery tool vendors responding to this challenge? Can service providers outside of the traditional library content and software sector have an impact? After investigating all of these angles Chris will try to determine if there is a likely way forward and share what attendees can do to improve access to Hybrid OA journals in the short and long term.
Sandra Cowan is the liaison librarian for English, Modern Languages, Religious Studies and the Faculty of Fine Arts at the University of Lethbridge in Alberta, Canada. She has research interests in digital humanities, scholarly communications, and research methods of creative workers.
Chris Bulock is the Electronic Resources Librarian at California State University Northridge. His research has focused on perpetual access, e-resource evaluation, and the effect of Open Access on collection development and e-resource management. He writes a column on OA issues in the Serials Review, and he is an incoming NASIG Member at Large.
Introduction to the Oxford Collections Visualization ProjectChristine Madsen
The overall goals of this project are 1) to provide an overall visualization of all the collections at Oxford that are available to students, faculty, and staff without having to create item-level metadata for everything; 2) to provide a new and innovative type of resource discovery for Oxford’s collections that is not dependent upon search. The aim of this pilot stage of the the project is to provide a working prototype that will demonstrate the feasibility of both.
Making Open the Default in Scholarly Communication, and the Implications for ...SPARC Europe
Presentation: Making Open the Default in Scholarly Communication, and the Implications for the Future of Libraries
for QQML 2016
in London, UK
24-27 May 2016
Open Access in Humanities and Social Sciences, Munin conference, nov 2013Eelco Ferwerda
Humanities and social sciences face speficic challenges when moving to Open Access. This presentation explores the current status of OA for HSS and the tensions when moving OA. It gives an overview of the situation for monographs, presents the various OA business models, and looks at promising models and solutions for HSS. The presentation ends with recommendations for all stakeholders.
Open Access in Humanities and Social Sciences, Munin conference, nov 2013 (up...Eelco Ferwerda
Humanities and social sciences face speficic challenges when moving to Open Access. This presentation explores the current status of OA for HSS and the tensions when moving OA. It gives an overview of the situation for monographs, presents the various OA business models, and looks at promising models and solutions for HSS. The presentation ends with recommendations for all stakeholders. This version is updated with links, a list of acronyms, and acknowledgements.
Open Access - Tackling the issues of organization within libraries (Charlesto...Knowledge Unlatched
Presentation given at the Charleston Conference by Sven Fund and Catherine Morse
Knowledge Unlatched - an Open Access initiative for books in the Humanities and Social Sciences
CERN Workshop on Innovations in Scholarly Communication (OAI9) - Workshop: In...Ronald Snijder
This tutorial is part of a number of sessions on the Institution as Publisher. The goal of the tutorial is to help interested librarians become Open Access publishers. The tutorial will start with a landscape overview and will use case studies from UCL press, Manchester University Press and Stockholm University Press. In a few hours, all the essential elements of academic publishing will be addressed: the workflow in publishing from manuscript submission to publication; the business plan; the technical infrastructure; funding models to sustain Open Access publishing; attracting authors to publish with the press.
Understanding how two University Libraries (Edinburgh and St Andrews) have responded to requests for supporting a journal hosting service for the institution – why, how and future sustainability. We will cover progression of the service and the levels of support we can provide, with examples of the range of journals and flexibility of our approach. We will also describe how it fits in with our Open Access support services.
This presentation begins with a brief overview of some of the policy developments that are prompting the publishers of scholarly books to begin taking open access seriously.
It then touches on why open access challenges for books differ from those associated with journal articles.
Before focusing in on the open access monograph project that I am involved with: Knowledge Unlatched.
A Presentation made to Liber Europe's 'The Use and Generation of Scientific Content – Roles for Libraries' in Budapest, Hungary Sept 12th, 2016 by Lars Bjørnshauge.
In this presentation, Lars calls into question the use and success of Green Open Access, reminds us of the key role of librarians in the success of open access and calls on governments to support Gold Open Access.
Open Access Books: Trends & Options. University of Toronto Seminar February 1...Lucy Montgomery
Open Access (scholarly content that is freely available to the public) is often talked about in the context of journal publishing. However, the Open Access movement is also having significant effect on academic book publishing.
UTSC’s Centre for Digital Scholarship, in collaboration with the UTSC Library’s Digital Scholarship Unit, is hosting a seminar on “Open Access Books: Trends & Options” - February 13, 2014 from 12-2pm in MW324
Join Leslie Chan (Centre for Critical Development Studies) and guest speakers Pierre Mounier (Associate Director of Open Edition) and Lucy Montgomery (Deputy Director of Knowledge Unlatched) as they introduce how new publishing partnerships and digital technologies are transforming scholarly book publishing.
OAPEN deposit service for OA books - presentation for ERC - 5 feb 2014Eelco Ferwerda
The OAPEN Deposit service for Open Access, peer reviewed books is targeted at research funders and universities. The service aims to support policies to make monographs available on Open Access. This presentation was for the OA working group of the European Research Council
This presentation was provided by Frances Pinter of Central European University, during the second half of the NISO Two-Part Webinar "Open Access Monographs: What You Need To Know, Part Two." The event was held on August 19, 2020.
Knowledge Unlatched: Enabling Open Access for Scholarly BooksLucy Montgomery
Although digital technology has made it possible for many more people to access content at no extra cost, fewer people than ever before are able to read the books written by university-based researchers. This presentation explores the role that open access licenses and collective action might play in reviving the scholarly monograph: a specialised area of academic publishing that has seen sales decline by more than 90 per cent over the past three decades. It also introduces Knowledge Unlatched an ambitious attempt to create an internationally coordinated, sustainable route to open access for scholarly books. Knowledge Unlatched is now in its pilot phase.
Open and Networked Opportunities for Scholarly Books: Oxford Center for Socio...Lucy Montgomery
Lunchtime seminar delivered at the Oxford Center for Socio-Legal Studies, 25 November 2013. Includes a brief tour of OA mandates developments, a discussion of challenges for OA books and an introduction to the KU project. Relevant to HSS researchers interested in challenges (and opportunities) of open access and digital technology.
Tom Morley, University of Lancaster
This session will explore how Lancaster University Library has developed and implemented it’s vision for facilitating a culture of open research, with a particular focus on Open Access Monographs. The talk will provide an overview of how the library has developed the necessary infrastructure to facilitate this vision, including developing consortia and collaborative options for Open Access Monograph Publishing with other organisations. The session will also outline how the library has partnered with academic colleagues to develop it’s Open Research Service and make Open Research possible and easy.
Similar to Frances Pinter’s Australian Lecture Tour 2017 (20)
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Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
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3. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
What is a Monograph?
A long, academic and peer reviewed
work on a single topic normally
written by a single author, and
extended to also include peer
reviewed edited collections by
multiple authors.
4. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
‘The writing of the long-form
publication (the monograph) is the
research process.’
Professor Geoffrey Crossick
Monographs and Open Access – Report to HEFCE
Monographs & Research
6. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
Monographs are Important
Monographs play a unique role in
knowledge creation and scholarly
communications
Monographs are not just ‘long articles’
•Different function in the research
process
•Different Business Models
•Additional formats for sale
9. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
Systemic Challenges
• Why are policies so vague?
• Where is funding coming from?
• Why are publishing costs so hard to pin
down?
How does OA for books fit in with
1. the new digital landscape
2. changes in knowledge generation
3. changes in scholarly communications
14. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
Therefore …
• No single source of funding is likely
to cover all monographs
• The future will be a mix and match
approach, and no single funding or
publishing model will cover all
monographs
15. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
Mix and Match
• Publishing models that
accommodate OA monographs
vary and can be used in
conjunction with one another
• Infrastructure is improving
20. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
Simba Information Report
• 10,000+ scholarly books on OA (at end
2015, but not complete)
• Expects growth of 30% per annum
• $21 Million – based on 2015 revenue
• HSS OA will depend on mixed models,
not just BPCs
• Does not take into account step
changes
21. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
Out of America
• Mellon Infrastructure Projects
• ARL/AAU/AAUP – ECA support
• 2.5% Library budget commitment to
OA
• Lever
• Luminos
23. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
Institutions and Libraries
• Links between impact and research
funding mean dissemination crucial
Therefore…
• New interest in experimentation
with new publishing
• New University Presses &
Coalitions
26. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
• Traditional University Presses
• Traditional Commercial Presses
• New University Presses (often library
based)
• Academic Led Presses
Types of Book Publishers
35. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
What’s a BPC?
• Covers partial or full publishing costs
• Covers partial income substitution
• Other formats (e.g. print) contribute
to full cost recovery
• Does it include a profit/surplus?
• Too little experience yet of whether
print will contribute enough to cover
all costs
37. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
What does a Publisher Do?
Some of the 99+ tasks
•Selection Process
•Peer Review and QA
•Author support
•Copyediting and proofing
•Project managements
•Permissions management
•File pre-processing
•Design
•Digital file preparation
•File conversion/distribution/preservation
•Marketing
•Website, e-marketing
•Sales Representation & Servicing sales channels
•Creation & Maintenance of metadata
•Sales and Distribution
38. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
• Pre-Press – fixed
• Post Press – variable
• Ongoing over life of book – fixed
and variable
• Overheads
• Profits/surplus
Costs of Publishing
40. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
Transitioning to OA
• Some university presses are
already a cost centre and do not
expect to recover costs
• This makes it easier to build OA
transitioning into the mission
without adding to costs
41. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
Publishers in many continental
countries continue to rely on
‘print’ subsidies and/or buy backs
from public and private funds –
these could easily be rechanneled
to pay for OA publishing
Transitioning to OA
42. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
• Successful pure OA monograph
initiatives are demonstrating clear
benefits but scalability will require
further support
• OA books contribute to
experimentation with different forms
of publishing and are drivers of
change
Getting from Here to OA
43. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
• Leading book publishers now
understand and are happy with BPCs
• OA much appreciated by those
authors who understand the benefits
• Traditional systems of publishing will
co-exist even as more goes OA
• Cost savings with OA?
Getting from Here to OA
45. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
• Discovery Challenges
• Discovery and Metadata
• Dissemination & Metadata
• Hosting & Preservation
• Guidelines for Good Infrastructure
• Value Added Services
talking about…
46. kuresearch.org @kuresearchorg
Discovery: Challenges
Goal of OA:
– take away access barriers, increase reach, usage, and
impact of content
Dependent on discovery:
•Users access content through various sources:
– retailers; e-book aggregators; library vendors; library
catalogues; publishers website
• Third party suppliers struggle with free content:
– zero pricing, no DRM, no commission?
•When a title is discovered:
– is it clear that there is a free version?
•When the OA version is discovered:
– is it clear what rights are attached?
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Discovery & Metadata
Using the right metadata is first part of the solution:
1. Conventional metadata for books:
– bibliographic information, isbn, classification codes,
keywords, abstract, etc
1. Metadata for digital content:
– DOI; ORCID; chapter level metadata
1. Metadata for OA content:
– license information (Creative Commons), open access flag,
funder information (FundRef), links to OA collections
– for green OA: embargo, version, link to version of record
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Dissemination & Metadata
The purpose of metadata is to support dissemination:
•Formats to supply metadata:
– ONIX 3.0 (book industry)
– MARC21 (library community)
•Provide metadata feeds for various channels:
– Library discovery systems: OCLC WorldCat; ExLibris Primo;
ProQuest’s Summon; EBSCO Discovery
– OA channels: harvesting through OAI-PMH; BASE
– Web resources: Europeana; DPLA
•Hosting & discovery platforms:
– OAPEN; JSTOR; Ingenta Open
– Discovery service for OA books: DOAB
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Hosting & Preservation
• Hosting & discovery platforms:
– OAPEN; JSTOR; Ingenta Open
– Discovery service for OA books: DOAB
– Some Publishers’ websites
• Preservation
_ Portico, CLOCKSS, HathiTrust & others
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Good Infrastructure Guidelines
Good practice guidelines for metadata:
•ONIX for books: Editeur FAQ on OA monographs
•CrossRef Best Practises for books
•Jisc/OAPEN metadata model for OA monographs
CrossRef guidelines include:
•Add outbound DOI links from references in books
•Establish editorial practises to ensure DOI linking
•Deposit references with CrossRef
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Value Added Services
• Identifiers: DOI (Crossref), ORCID,
named entities (NERD)
• Entity recognition, with NERD
• Certification of publications, with
DOAB
• Open annotation, eg - with
Hypothesis
• Usage metrics
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Furthermore…
‘The most vocal voices against OA
have been those who see the
challenges such as third party
rights permissions as
insurmountable obstacles. As we
see from this and other studies a
more nuanced approach to OA can
alleviate some of the concerns.’
Landscape Study knowledge-exchange.info/event/open-access-monographs
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And…
‘Some studies (such as the Book of
the Future report, RCUK & BL)
provide evidence that in some
subjects there is still limited
understanding of the benefits or
appetite for OA.’
Landscape Study knowledge-exchange.info/event/open-access-monographs
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• For the increasingly mobile
academic increased usage figures
are a definite plus
• Increased exposure and impact
Author Benefits
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Interviews with KU Authors
• Anke Timmermann, KU Pilot author of Verse and
• Cynthia Skenazi, KU Pilot author of Aging Gracefully in the Renaissance.
Stories of Later Life from Petrarch to Montaigne Jennifer Fredette, KU
Pilot author of Constructing Muslims in France (Temple University Press)
• Eugene D. Coyle and Richard A. Simmons, KU Pilot authors of
Understanding the Global Energy Crisis (Purdue University Press)
• Steven Pierce, author of Moral Economies of Corruption: State Formation
and Political Culture in Nigeria (Duke University Press)
• James P. Wilper, author of Reconsidering the Emergence of the Gay Novel
in English and German (Purdue University Press)
• Kristin V. Monroe, author of The Insecure City: Space, Power, and Mobility
in Beirut (Rutgers University Press)
• Marc D. Perry, author of Negro Soy Yo: Hip Hop and Raced Citizenship in
Neoliberal Cuba (Duke University Press)
• Jason Pierce, author of Making the White Man’s West: Whiteness and the
Creation of the American West (University Press of Colorado)
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What to Keep and Improve
For both Authors and Readers
•Quality Assurance
•Peer Review
•Editorial Processes
•New Software
•Easier to use Platforms
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The New Issues
• Data analytics
• Workflow processes and tools
• Who is developing the new services?
• What does that mean for the
future?
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New Studies and Reports
•Springer Report
•KU Research – 4 University Presses
and JSTOR
•KU Research – UCL
•Geolocational data
talking about…
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Where do Readers Come From?
Are they already on JSTOR or do they come from other
sites such as Google Scholar? What are the percentages?
Top 10 referrers by session – OA books
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OA Books
Event type as percentage of events by publisher
What is the reader’s behavior re: the proportion
who download chapters and those who just view?
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MIT - 2016Q4 Usage
37
556
593
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Institutional OAPEN
Downloads (COUNTER)
Geolocation Downloads Total Geolocation +OAPEN
(COUNTER)
Chart: Institutional Usage for Pilot and Round2
titles
Only 3.9-13.5% of all usage in the C/B area is recorded in COUNTER!
Including Geo-location (Cambridge & Boston)
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Libraries
• Supporting authors and readers
• Facilitating disscoverability
• Fostering New University Presses
• Participate and support new
initiatives
• Contributing to the debate
• Motor for the transition
The monograph is the big data in HSS especially.
Many exciting research projects coming out of the ability to interrogate whole corpuses of long-form publications – text - mining
So we can conclude that (slide text)
Sales of print books are 80% of publisher sales
This is the roadmap for the talk and the pieces that need to come together
Libraries are so central that we need to look at them after the other sectionsi
if I wanted to get there I wouldn’t start from here.
Move quickly to next slide
Some of the issues we’ll be addressing today
First stop in our tour around the octagon
Drawing on this report where we looked at 8 European countries, but also drew on studies based elsewhere
Some important starting points for our tour – and applicable everywhere
But the good news is that progress is being made in the right direction – more on that later
Books are complicated!
Explain what REF is and who HEFCE are
REF allocates research money form HEFCE.
HEFCE wants to mandate OA for REF submissions
That would cost close to £20 million a year
Pilot project in discussion – costing about £5 million – more on this later
More on how other countries can incentivise OA later on in presentation
Costs money – but we’ll see whether it takes new or old money
Top-slicing from central Research budgets
Allocations from specialist research funding sources (as in STM)
Flipping from library acquisitions budgets to supporting OA (Espesito says US libraries planning on spending 2-3% of budget on OA
Using non-traditional publishing models to re-route existing money in the system (more on this later)
Mixed models include Lever Press, KU and institutional support
Those step changes are taking place now – over the next five years
Linked to new and/or re-routed money
Examples of Mellon projects – supporting publishers, intermediaries, university projects $100K to $1 million per project
A note about the baseline cost
Describe four funding sources briefly
Involvement is not just about process
We need to understand a bit about publishing outlets
Authors still incentivised to use traditional high-prestigue presses – but this is changing
Examples of each of these (OUP/CUP, Routledge, UCL Press, ANU Press, LSP/OBP))
Paid for by Research Funder - eg Wellcome (headquarters in London)
Author’s institutional department or library manages payment
Price is generally set by the publisher
Societies eg Springer IMISCOE
Can come from a central or departmental budget
Administration of the funds by the library or one or more departments
More than one institution funding oA books
E.g. Lever Press’s ‘platinum OA model’. 40 US liberal arts colleges paying a membership fee to cover all publishing costs- managed by University of Michigan press
Luminos – University of California Press programme with tiered membership levels
More on Knowledge Unlatched later – over 400 libraries supporting opening up books from 25 countries
Language Science Press – three sources of funding, specialist research institutions, libraries and individuals. Fundraising carried out by KU
In-kind contribution of resources and staff, allowing for lower BPCs
Tampere University Press, many German University Presses, Leiden and Stockholm UPs
Pure OA publishing acts as a cost centre Revenues from print sales revert to the university
Some German University presses and many French University presses operate this way
UCL
We don’t have the data of past performance of free vs paid for digital retail/print
And the past won’t necessarily be a guide to the future
How publishers cost their BPSc includes factoring in a level of risk
Let’ look at the thorny issue of costs
Everyone has these costs
Explain why profit/surplus is important for sustainability
Explain difference between a BPCharge and a BPCost
Three key phases - Proof of concept/proof of process/proof of sustainability (Rick Anderson)
Cost savings are with cutting out intermediaries
Thanks to OAPEN, the Dutch based platform for OA books – we have an idea of what is required for good discoverability
Librarians know this better than everyone else in the ecosystem!
Interoperability an issue
What publisher nee and librries need are similar up to 90%, but the last 10% is the bugger
But there is little consistency yet (that’s why we still have to evangalise for good metadata)
HIRMEOS is a project to develop a layer of added services on top of existing platforms for OA books. The platforms are OpenEdition Books, Ubiquity Press, OAPEN, EKT and Göttingen University Press. Other partners in the project are KU Research and Open Book Publishers.
OPERAS is a distributed research infrastructure (RI) project for open scholarly communication. The main goal is to introduce the principle of open science and ensure effective dissemination and global access to research results in the humanities and social sciences. 24 partners in ten European countries, among them the infrastructure providers mentioned above: OpenEdition, Ubiquity Press, OAPEN, Knowledge Unlatched. Other partners include the Greek National Documentation Centre (EKT), Max Weber Foundation (MWS), and UCL Press.
Mellon Infrastructure projects – examples, Fulcrom, Luminos, MUSE
We’ve seen that when authors understand the benefits they love OA
But not everone is convinced
The metrics section later on tells the story in aggregated numbers – here we just have a few individual cases
From Landscape Studies
Differing naitonal preferences emerging or not?
The JSTOR platform accounts for the largest number of referrals to the OA books included in the study (34.1% of referrals). That is, 34.1% of readers are already on the platform when they access the OA books. Google.com (10.8%) and google.co.uk (2.8%) are also significant sources of referral to the books
An overview of activity, visualised as sessions by date for the 4 publishers.
The usage increase corresponding to the launch of the OA books platform in October 2016 is readily apparent.
A log-log plot of download count frequency versus download count is close to the classic power law shape, indicating that most downloads are of 1-5 chapters per session, with far fewer downloads of large numbers of chapters. 78.57% of sessions involve the download of a single chapter. 97.12% of sessions involve downloads of 5 chapters or fewer.
This figure breaks down the same data according to event type by user, showing a comparison between the percentage of users who only viewed, only downloaded or both viewed and downloaded
Using altmetrics methods, we are also exploring the role of platforms, blogs and social networks, in shedding light on how books travel across digital landscapes.
An example, here, is the Twitter network map for UCL Press that we tracked over two months.
Institutions that have a social justice mission are beginning to think about how the use of Open Access collections – by groups within particular demographics, or in specific geographic regions, can be understood.
Geolocation-based analysis of usage data is beginning to make it possible to explore the value of Open Access collections in more nuanced ways.
We are beginning to be able to understand the extent to which groups beyond the University, who might not have engaged with this kind of content if books had remained behind pay-walls, are downloading content.
COUNTER compliency issues – an area that is being worked on
Bringing the pieces together
Bringing the pieces together
Much happening around the world – especially North America
Power and wealth moving East and why Australia has an important role to play in the fight to keep knowledge open
