Frampton's critical regionalism
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Kenneth Frampton is an English architect, historian, and critic known for his theory of Critical Regionalism. He explores how globalization has led to the loss of regional culture and identity. In his essay "Six Points for an Architecture of Resistance," Frampton proposes a new type of architecture that synthesizes a region's identity, history, culture, and values to strengthen regional prosperity. He advocates integrating old traditions with modernism to achieve a process that defines Critical Regionalism through consideration of culture, civilization, the rise and fall of avant-garde movements, world culture, place forms, topography, climate, light, tectonics, and the visual versus the tactile. Frampton's concept focuses on
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Rem koolhas
Rem Koolhaas is a renowned Dutch architect and founder of OMA, known for visionary projects that push architectural boundaries. Some of his notable works include the Netherlands Embassy in Berlin, Seattle Central Library, and the controversial CCTV headquarters in Beijing, which features a dramatic looped form suspended between two leaning towers. Koolhaas aims to find new synergies between architecture and culture through experimental designs that interrogate functions and embrace contradictions. While pioneering, his radical forms are not without criticism for disregarding aesthetics and cultural context.
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Deconstruction is a philosophical and literary theory that challenges traditional interpretations of texts by questioning assumptions about meaning, identity, and language. It aims to undermine systems of thought based on stable concepts of self, world, and meaning. Jacques Derrida developed these ideas and conducted deconstructive readings of many thinkers, showing how meaning depends on linguistic and conceptual relationships rather than correspondence to external realities.
Saussure
Ferdinand de Saussure was a Swiss linguist born in 1857 who studied languages across Europe and taught Sanskrit. He is considered the founder of modern linguistics. He taught a seminal course on general linguistics from 1907-1911 that influenced many fields. Saussure argued that language should be studied as a system of signs composed of a signifier (sound pattern) and signified (concept). He distinguished between langue (the system shared by a language community) and parole (individual instances of language use). Saussure's work emphasized that language is a social construct whose elements are arbitrarily linked and exist in a network of relationships. He introduced key concepts like the arbitrary nature of the sign, synchronic vs
HISTORY: Understanding Deconstructivism/ Critical Regionalism/ Phenomenology
History of Architecture 2
Report by: Dalmacio
DLS-College of St. Benilde
School of Architecture
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April 2016
Deconstruction
1. Deconstruction began as a philosophical movement that questioned metaphysical assumptions in Western philosophy. Thinkers like Rene Descartes and Fredrick Nietzsche began questioning the objective truth of language.
2. Jacques Derrida developed deconstruction as a form of semiotic analysis that disputed philosophical centers of meaning and binary oppositions. He analyzed how meanings shift within language.
3. Deconstruction examines how texts undermine or defer fixed meanings through ambiguities in signs and changing relationships between signifiers and signifieds. It aims to "de-center" the search for transcendental truths or meanings.
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Deconstruction
Deconstruction is a strategy for analyzing texts developed by Jacques Derrida that focuses on ambiguities and contradictions in language. It originated from thinkers like Rene Descartes and Fredrick Nietzsche who questioned the objective truth of language. Structuralism, which sought to understand how language systems work, preceded deconstruction. Ferdinand de Saussure's study of language introduced concepts like the signifier/signified and langue/parole that deconstruction examines. Deconstruction analyzes binary oppositions in texts and seeks to reverse the relationship between dominant and non-dominant elements.
Laurie baker..
Laurie Baker was a British architect who came to India in 1945 as a missionary. He lived and worked in India for over 50 years, obtaining Indian citizenship in 1989. Baker is renowned for his initiatives in low-cost housing and sustainable architecture using locally available materials. Some key aspects of his work included using cost-effective materials like brick, laterite, mud and cow dung in innovative construction techniques like rat trap bond. He designed over 1000 residences and 40 other buildings in Kerala emphasizing natural ventilation, privacy and historical influences. Baker received the Padma Shri award in 1990 for his contributions to architecture.
saussure
Ferdinand de Saussure was a pioneer in modern linguistics who viewed language as a system of arbitrary signs. He made an important distinction between langue (the abstract system of a language) and parole (individual usage). Saussure also differentiated between the synchronic study of language at a single point in time versus the diachronic study of language evolution over time. His work emphasized analyzing the langue through its sign relationships and structure at a fixed time period, establishing linguistics as a formal, scientific discipline.
Works of laurie baker
Laurie Baker was a British-born Indian architect known for his low-cost and sustainable building designs. He lived and worked in India for over 50 years, obtaining Indian citizenship in 1989. Some key aspects of his works presented include seeking to promote simplicity and cost-conscious construction methods using local materials like brick and tile. His designs featured elements like pyramid-like roof structures, brick jali walls, and curved walls. Notable projects discussed include his own home in Thiruvananthapuram called The Hamlet, Mrs. Nalini Nayak's residence in Ulloor, and a fishermen's village in Poonthura that addressed challenges of the local environment and cyclones.
Laurie baker
Baker studied architecture in Birmingham and graduated in 1937, aged 20, in a period of political unrest for Europe.During the Second World War, he served in the Friends Ambulance Unit in China and Burma.He worked as an architect for an international and interdenominational Mission dedicated to the care of those suffering from leprosy. He focused on converting or replacing asylums once used to house the ostracized sufferers of the disease - "lepers".He Used indigenous architecture and methods of these places as means to deal with his once daunting problems.
Baker's designs invariably have traditional Indian sloping roofs and terracotta Mangalore tile shingling with gables and vents allowing rising hot air to escape curved walls to enclose more volume at lower material cost than straight walls.Designing and building low cost, high quality, beautiful homes
Suited to or built for lower-middle to lower class clients.
Irregular, pyramid-like structures on roofs, with one side left open and tilting into the wind.Brick jali walls, a perforated brick screen which utilises natural air movement to cool the home's interior and create intricate patterns of light and shadow.
Joseph Allen Stien, Raj Rewal, Anant D Raje
This document provides information on three contemporary Indian architects: Joseph Allen Stein, Anant D. Raje, and Raj Rewal. It discusses some of their key works and design philosophies. Joseph Allen Stein was an American architect who settled in India and is renowned for works like the Indian Habitat Centre that blended modernism with local materials and traditions. Anant Raje collaborated with Louis Kahn on the Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad campus. He emphasized light, climate responsiveness, and pedestrian mobility in his projects. Raj Rewal studied in London and Paris and is known for works integrating advanced technologies with cultural traditions in a humanist approach to architecture.
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This document summarizes a student's reaction paper on the architectural theory of Critical Regionalism. Critical Regionalism aims to provide architecture rooted in the modern tradition but tied to local geography and culture. It discusses how to revive old civilizations while participating in universal civilization. Specifically, it emphasizes the importance of preserving landscapes and local culture to create buildings that resonate with the natural environment and foster a sense of place. The student analyzes an example of a Malaysian house that integrated traditional Malay elements with modern materials. In their opinion, Critical Regionalism should be a flexible approach, and architects should reinterpret local characteristics in contemporary terms rather than directly adapting traditions.
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Synopsis
The document discusses the theory of critical regionalism in architecture. It begins by explaining that critical regionalism emerged as a third approach between postmodernism and modernism, seeking a middle ground. The key aspects of critical regionalism are reflecting local culture and traditions through design and materials, while applying stylistic flourishes in a meaningful way. An example project discussed is the British India Corporate Warehouse in Malaysia, which successfully combines modern and traditional elements. The document argues that critical regionalism synthesizes a region's identity, history and culture, and helps address the balance between past and future in architecture.
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The document discusses four readings related to architecture theory. It summarizes Frank Lloyd Wright's philosophy of organic architecture that harmonizes with nature. It also summarizes discussions on architecture as self-expression, as a spatial representation of time, and the relationship between architecture and the human body. Critical regionalism is described as a means to balance local and universal influences in architecture.
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Critical regionalism is an approach to architecture that seeks to mediate between the global and local languages of architecture. It strives to counter the placelessness of the International Style while also rejecting the ornamentation of Postmodernism. Critical regionalism advocates consciously studying and reinterpreting historical and local building patterns using contemporary techniques. Key aspects include buildings being consciously bounded and establishing a territory, optimizing building systems for the local climate and light conditions, emphasizing the tactile experience over just the visual, and reinterpreting vernacular elements to create a contemporary place oriented by the local culture.
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This issue of Architectural Design focuses on "Post-Traumatic Urbanism" and examines cities and architecture in the aftermath of disasters and conflicts. It contains contributions from philosophers and researchers analyzing the relationship between trauma and the urban environment. Projects showcase speculative design proposals for areas recovering from crises. The issue explores what architects can learn from studying unstable urban conditions and the role of design in troubled contexts.
Critical regionalism-1207731885317014-9
Critical regionalism is an architectural approach that counters placelessness in modern architecture by giving a sense of place and meaning through contextual forces. It values a building's response to its particular context, emphasizing topography, climate, and light over visual scenography. Critical regionalism adopts modern architecture for its progressive qualities but also values local responses. It differs from regionalism by consciously partaking in the universal rather than striving for direct correspondence with vernacular forms.
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Art and architecture are getting divorced despite the fact, there exists thin line to differentiate between art and architecture. If Art is labelled as,’ expression of human creative skill/imagination in visual form, Architecture ,is defined as art and science of creating buildings based on utility ,strength and beauty. If a great piece of art is an object of joy and pleasure, a well designed and constructed building brings joy and happiness for the owner, community and user .As a creative science Art has leveraged architecture in numerous ways giving architecture a new theme, meaning and vocabulary. Chandigarh, a role model in the field of architecture and urban planning, designed by Mon Le-Corbusier and his team of great architects, have made extensive use of art as integral part of the designing various buildings including buildings in Capitol Complex, High Court, Assembly, College of Art and Architecture etc to promote their aesthetics and beauty. If architecture is called the body, art rightly assumes the role of soul. Majority of problems facing the profession of architecture has genesis in growing mismatch between art and architecture. The existing ideology of architectural education and practice needs to be, revisited
Defining Role of Art in promoting Chandigarh architecture
Art and architecture are getting divorced despite the fact, there exists thin line to differentiate between art and architecture. If Art is labelled as,’ expression of human creative skill/imagination in visual form, Architecture ,is defined as art and science of creating buildings based on utility ,strength and beauty. If a great piece of art is an object of joy and pleasure, a well designed and constructed building brings joy and happiness for the owner, community and user .As a creative science Art has leveraged architecture in numerous ways giving architecture a new theme, meaning and vocabulary. Chandigarh, a role model in the field of architecture and urban planning, designed by Mon Le-Corbusier and his team of great architects, have made extensive use of art as integral part of the designing various buildings including buildings in Capitol Complex, High Court, Assembly, College of Art and Architecture etc to promote their aesthetics and beauty. If architecture is called the body, art rightly assumes the role of soul. Majority of problems facing the profession of architecture has genesis in growing mismatch between art and architecture. The existing ideology of architectural education and practice needs to be, revisited
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Synopsis 4
Kenneth Frampton discusses critical regionalism as a new theory that balances universal and local architectural styles. Critical regionalism mediates universal civilization's impact to maintain local elements while achieving a high level of critical self-consciousness. The student agrees that critical regionalism helps retain balance between postmodernism and modernism, but it is difficult for new generations to achieve due to strong modern influences that cause placelessness. However, the theory may still impact the architecture field.
Compare And Contrast Indian Architecture And Japanese...
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Synopsis 3
Kenneth Frampton proposed the concept of "critical regionalism" as a progressive approach to architecture that seeks to mediate between global and local design languages. Critical regionalism aims to avoid placelessness of the International Style while also rejecting the individualism of postmodern architecture. He emphasized that architects should analyze and interpret local context and features with contemporary rather than traditional terms. Architecture should have a strong relationship with its surrounding context, cultural values, and local identity rather than being defined solely by technology or history. The author agreed with Frampton's perspective that architecture should bring back actual design components like topography, materials, climate, and structure, and avoid being a free-standing object isolated from its surroundings.
URBAN SYNOPSIS 3
Kenneth Frampton's essay "Towards a Critical Regionalism" discusses how architects can interpret local character and contextual features when designing buildings. Frampton believes architecture should be influenced by a place's peculiarities rather than just technology or history. Critical regionalism can both influence universal culture by incorporating local elements, and resist homogenization by emphasizing each place's unique physical characteristics. The human perception of a region is shaped by critical regionalism's approach of designing buildings that respond to their specific contexts and develop their own identities.
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Frampton's critical regionalism
- 1. Rida Ilyas 1 Rida Ilyas Architecture Design October 7, 2013 Frampton’s Critical Regionalism Kenneth Frampton was born in Woking, England in the year 1930. He took his training as an architect at the Architectural Association School of Architecture in London. At present, he a professor at Columbia University, New York City. He has previously worked as an architect, architectural historian and critic. Frampton has written books and essays on modern and contemporary architecture. He tried to acquire a better understanding of architectural identity, making places and contemporary architectural demands. Frampton’s Critical Regionalism explores the loss of regional culture overpowered by global development. In his essay, he gives “Six points for an Architecture of Resistance” in which he has addressed the condition of traditional culture and how our technocratic world has moved the society to universalization of the civilization. Now, Frampton has devised a new system for a new type of architecture that synthesizes identity, past, history, culture and values of a region which he calls architecture of resistance because it serves as an element of prosperity for the region itself. He has tried to achieve a process of integration between old traditions and changing modernism. He, thereby has devised a framework of some specific features that for him, define the critical regionalism. In the following six points: Culture and Civilization The rise and fall of the Avant-Garde Critical Regionalism and World culture The resistance of the Place Form Culture Versus nature: Topography, Context, climate, light and Tectonic Form.
- 2. Rida Ilyas 2 The Visual Versus the Tactile Frampton’s concept of regionalism mainly focuses on the relationship of a building to its site and location in a sociological context. I perceive the essay as a process of consuming. He uses the features of site, he has embraced and emphasized on the specific characteristics of site. Geography, climate, environment, cultural background should all be brought into consideration to utilize with the contemporary architecture inorder to strengthen the regional identity and contribute towards recreating the place. He wanted the countries of South to re-examine their traditions and go back to learn their own traditional values, principles, identity and bring out the sense of ownness in architecture. ______________________________