The document discusses dengue fever in the Philippines, including:
- Over 27,000 cases reported so far in 2022, down slightly from last year, with most cases in children aged 1-10. 172 deaths were reported.
- The Department of Health's strategies include community education campaigns promoting cleaning of mosquito breeding sites, distributing mosquito traps, and coordinating with local governments.
- Successfully controlling dengue requires an integrated approach including surveillance, community participation, environmental management, access to healthcare, and political/financial support for long-term programs.
Zika Virus: analysis, discussions and impacts in BrazilAJHSSR Journal
The ZikaDesease is increasing in Brazil since 2014. The causative vector is Aedesaegypti, which
through its bite can transmit the virus, causing microcephaly, it can causes consequences thought life. Beyond
the number of microcephaly cases growth, the Zika virus generates major problems involving the whole society
and economy of the country, such as the cost of medical treatment of the microcephalic child and his family that
will stop working to support and follow the treatment, and also to the cost of basic sanitation, as a prime factor
for mosquito control and the elaboration of public policies. Thus, the present work analyzed economic and
environmental aspects for the understanding the virus’ factors that provided the vector growth. A bibliographic
research carried out to understand the effects of the Zika virus and its economic, social and environmental
impacts. In this study, the costs related to microcephaly, the loss of income of microcephalic child’s relatives
and the country’s investment in basic sanitation were estimated
Introduction to public health, definition, Preventive medicine vs public health, social medicine, community medicine, role of public health, public health practices, core activities
Zika Virus: analysis, discussions and impacts in BrazilAJHSSR Journal
The ZikaDesease is increasing in Brazil since 2014. The causative vector is Aedesaegypti, which
through its bite can transmit the virus, causing microcephaly, it can causes consequences thought life. Beyond
the number of microcephaly cases growth, the Zika virus generates major problems involving the whole society
and economy of the country, such as the cost of medical treatment of the microcephalic child and his family that
will stop working to support and follow the treatment, and also to the cost of basic sanitation, as a prime factor
for mosquito control and the elaboration of public policies. Thus, the present work analyzed economic and
environmental aspects for the understanding the virus’ factors that provided the vector growth. A bibliographic
research carried out to understand the effects of the Zika virus and its economic, social and environmental
impacts. In this study, the costs related to microcephaly, the loss of income of microcephalic child’s relatives
and the country’s investment in basic sanitation were estimated
Introduction to public health, definition, Preventive medicine vs public health, social medicine, community medicine, role of public health, public health practices, core activities
The guidelines are intended to help countries identify priorities, objectives and the desired goal of disease control programmes. Disease control programmes are often established with the aim of eventual eradication of agents at a country, zone or compartment level. While this approach is desirable, the needs of stakeholders may require a broader range of outcomes. For some diseases, eradication may not be economically or practically feasible and options for sustained mitigation of disease impacts may be needed. It is important to clearly describe the programme goals and these may range from simple mitigation of disease impacts to progressive control or eradication of the disease. These guidelines highlight the importance of economic assessment of disease intervention options in the design of programmes taking into consideration effectiveness, feasibility of implementation, as well as costs and benefits. The purpose is to provide a conceptual framework that can be adapted to a particular national and epidemiological context.
A Short Report on Status of Leprosy in India by Rahul Shukla in Advances in Complementary & Alternative Medicine
Hansen’s disease, known as leprosy in colloquial language has been able to maintain its prevalence in the Indian subcontinent due to the haggard socio-economic status, lack of awareness and multiple other predisposing factors. Leprosy has been found to suppress the immune system thereby accentuating the chance of secondary infections. Contrary to the long held prevalent notion that the disease is not very contagious but shows long term effects that may lead to permanent limb and nerve disfigurement. The chronic effects of the ailment also include loss of visual acuity along with deformed limbs. Despite the prevalence and emergence of substantial number of new cases of leprosy each year in most of the developed and developing nations, the disease has still not been identified as a major health problem. The major hurdle in tackling the disease is also stemmed from the under reporting of the ailment caused by the excommunication of the afflicted individuals. India accounts for a large chunk of the global burden of leprosy, contributing almost 3/5th of the newly documented cases per annum. Reemergence of leprosy has been evidenced due to development of resistance in the causative bacterial strain. Yet much has not been accomplished in developing therapeutic regimen to curb the rampage of this insidious enemy. The aim of this short communication aims at portraying the true scenario of leprosy and there by attract the attention of policy makers and implementers to take radical actions to eradicate the menace to public health.
• Target Audience
[A] People of India, who keep themselves updated on current affairs.
[B] Government of India, who makes, implements and evaluates policies.
• Message to convey
Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient infectious disease that is second largest killer across the globe after HIV/AIDS.
India carries maximum burden of the disease.
Daily, 1000 Indians die due to TB.
Though Indian government is running program called DOTS, patient adherence to therapy is a great concern which results in drug resistance.
What steps to be taken by society, community, government and international community – are suggested in my presentation.
Constructing Therapeutic Management Framework in the Treatment of Dengue Feve...paperpublications3
Abstract: To document the therapeutic management in the treatment of dengue fever (DF) among the urban poor in Cebu City, Philippines, this descriptive study was conducted in the dengue hotspot areas of the city. A total of 120 respondents using the formal and non-formal interviews were used. Results revealed that children usually got inflicted with dengue fever; household monthly income was low (Php8, 000.00) with employment as the main source of income (75%). Generally, the study was able to identify the essential factors in the DF therapy management program of the urban poor. These factors were: a) the ethnocognition on the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease, b) ethnotaxonomy of healers and health providers and, c) ethnomedical practice and the health-seeking behavior of health-care givers. In this study, it was made clear that home and alternative medication in DF therapy were responses due to the lack of financial resources in the restoration of health. Although, the urban poor may have received assistance from the national and local governments, health issues were still pressing problems that national government and local governments, and local communities have to address.
The guidelines are intended to help countries identify priorities, objectives and the desired goal of disease control programmes. Disease control programmes are often established with the aim of eventual eradication of agents at a country, zone or compartment level. While this approach is desirable, the needs of stakeholders may require a broader range of outcomes. For some diseases, eradication may not be economically or practically feasible and options for sustained mitigation of disease impacts may be needed. It is important to clearly describe the programme goals and these may range from simple mitigation of disease impacts to progressive control or eradication of the disease. These guidelines highlight the importance of economic assessment of disease intervention options in the design of programmes taking into consideration effectiveness, feasibility of implementation, as well as costs and benefits. The purpose is to provide a conceptual framework that can be adapted to a particular national and epidemiological context.
A Short Report on Status of Leprosy in India by Rahul Shukla in Advances in Complementary & Alternative Medicine
Hansen’s disease, known as leprosy in colloquial language has been able to maintain its prevalence in the Indian subcontinent due to the haggard socio-economic status, lack of awareness and multiple other predisposing factors. Leprosy has been found to suppress the immune system thereby accentuating the chance of secondary infections. Contrary to the long held prevalent notion that the disease is not very contagious but shows long term effects that may lead to permanent limb and nerve disfigurement. The chronic effects of the ailment also include loss of visual acuity along with deformed limbs. Despite the prevalence and emergence of substantial number of new cases of leprosy each year in most of the developed and developing nations, the disease has still not been identified as a major health problem. The major hurdle in tackling the disease is also stemmed from the under reporting of the ailment caused by the excommunication of the afflicted individuals. India accounts for a large chunk of the global burden of leprosy, contributing almost 3/5th of the newly documented cases per annum. Reemergence of leprosy has been evidenced due to development of resistance in the causative bacterial strain. Yet much has not been accomplished in developing therapeutic regimen to curb the rampage of this insidious enemy. The aim of this short communication aims at portraying the true scenario of leprosy and there by attract the attention of policy makers and implementers to take radical actions to eradicate the menace to public health.
• Target Audience
[A] People of India, who keep themselves updated on current affairs.
[B] Government of India, who makes, implements and evaluates policies.
• Message to convey
Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient infectious disease that is second largest killer across the globe after HIV/AIDS.
India carries maximum burden of the disease.
Daily, 1000 Indians die due to TB.
Though Indian government is running program called DOTS, patient adherence to therapy is a great concern which results in drug resistance.
What steps to be taken by society, community, government and international community – are suggested in my presentation.
Constructing Therapeutic Management Framework in the Treatment of Dengue Feve...paperpublications3
Abstract: To document the therapeutic management in the treatment of dengue fever (DF) among the urban poor in Cebu City, Philippines, this descriptive study was conducted in the dengue hotspot areas of the city. A total of 120 respondents using the formal and non-formal interviews were used. Results revealed that children usually got inflicted with dengue fever; household monthly income was low (Php8, 000.00) with employment as the main source of income (75%). Generally, the study was able to identify the essential factors in the DF therapy management program of the urban poor. These factors were: a) the ethnocognition on the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease, b) ethnotaxonomy of healers and health providers and, c) ethnomedical practice and the health-seeking behavior of health-care givers. In this study, it was made clear that home and alternative medication in DF therapy were responses due to the lack of financial resources in the restoration of health. Although, the urban poor may have received assistance from the national and local governments, health issues were still pressing problems that national government and local governments, and local communities have to address.
One Health: A Holistic Approach to Achieving Global Well-beinggreendigital
Introduction:
In an interconnected world where the boundaries between humans, and animals. and the environment blurred. One Health has emerged as a comprehensive approach to addressing complex health challenges. One Health recognizes the intricate connections between the Health of humans and animals. and ecosystems, emphasizing the need for collaborative efforts across disciplines to achieve optimal well-being for all. This article delves into the fundamental principles of It, and its historical roots. and its potential to revolutionize the way we approach global Health.
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Understanding One Health:
A- Definition and Scope:
It is an integrative approach that considers the Health of humans, animals. and the environment as interdependent entities. It acknowledges that the Health of one component influences the Health of the others. and disruptions in any of these systems can have far-reaching consequences. This approach goes beyond traditional silos in health management. and embraces a holistic perspective. recognizing the intricate web of connections that shape our Health.
B- Historical Roots:
The roots of the It concept can traced back to ancient civilizations. where the interconnectedness of human and animal health acknowledged. But, the formal recognition of It as a distinct field gained momentum in the late 20th century. The emergence of zoonotic diseases transmitted between animals. and humans highlighted the need for a collaborative approach to disease prevention and control.
Key Principles of One Health:
A- Interdisciplinary Collaboration:
At the heart of It is interdisciplinary collaboration. This principle involves breaking down the traditional barriers between medical, veterinary. and environmental sciences. Professionals from various fields work together to understand the complex dynamics of Health. and to develop effective strategies for prevention, surveillance, and response to emerging threats.
B- Zoonotic Disease Surveillance:
Given the increasing frequency of zoonotic disease outbreaks. It emphasizes surveillance and early detection. Monitoring diseases at the human-animal-environment interface is crucial for identifying potential threats before. they escalate into global pandemics. This proactive approach involves close collaboration between public health agencies. veterinary services, and environmental monitoring bodies.
C- Environmental Stewardship:
It recognizes the impact of environmental degradation on Health. Climate change, deforestation, and pollution can exacerbate the spread of diseases. affect water and food sources, and compromise the well-being of ecosystems. Integrating environmental stewardship into health policies is essential for safeguarding the Health of present and future generations.
Examples of One Health in Action:
A- Pandemic Preparedness:
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the importance of a It approach. The virus, believed to have originated in bats.
Keynote address by Dr. Eric Goosby of UCSF, presented at CFAR HIV Research in International Settings (CHRIS) meeting in San Diego, October 1, 2014. Dr. Goosby discussed. "Global Health Delivery and Diplomacy: The Long Road to Sustainable Programs."
A New ERA on Philippine Higher Education ResearchRalph Bawalan
Innovations to Research and Extension services of the Commission on Higher Education as articulated in CMO 52 s 2016.
Presented as Keynote Speech during the 2018 Multidisciplinary R&D Conference of the University of the Visayas in Cebu City
Follow CHED Research: http://facebook.com/CHEDResearch
Innovations to Research and Extension services of the Commission on Higher Education as articulated in CMO 52 s 2016.
Presented during the 2017 International Conference on Nature Studies of the PSSN
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journey
Foundations of Healthcare System Factor Analysis on Dengue
1. DENGUE: Problem
Identification
When left undetected and
untreated, dengue could lead to a
number of complications and even
death.
Currently, no applicable/available
effective vaccine.
Current climate change, and variable
vector behavior.
2. Burden of Disease
DOH latest figures show a total of 27,071 dengue
cases recorded from January to June 11 this
year. This is 4.12 percent lower compared to the
same period last year (28,234).
Ages of cases ranged from less than 1 month to
89 years old, with most (40%) belonging to the 1
to 10 years age group. Majority (53%) of the
cases were male. There were 172 deaths
reported.
Most of the reported cases were from the
following regions: National Capital Region
(8,184), Region III or Central Luzon
(4,624), Region IV-A (3,935). In the National
Capital Region, most of the cases came from
Quezon City (2,017), Pasig City (970), and
Kalookan City (951).
3. Implications
Social status is a significant factor in terms of who is affected
by the dengue fever. The impact of the outbreak was greater
for poor communities in the urban and semi-rural
areas, particularly for women who described themselves as
housewives and mothers, and their children. In addition, they
experienced the greatest loss of time as a consequence of
the outbreak.
The main effect of the outbreak on work activities not
traditionally remunerated with money, such as
housework, was the inability of adult females in the
household to perform their routine activities to maintain family
life.
Moreover, the monetary costs of health care absorbed a
significant percentage of the household weekly income.
The impact on psychological well-being was related to the
stress produced by the clinical, social, and economic
consequences of the outbreak for women.
4. DOH Dengue Control
Program health problems during rainy
One of the major
season is the incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic
Fever. It occurs in all age groups. This disease
(transmitted by Aedes, a day-biting mosquito) is
preventable but is prevalent in urban centers where
population density is high, water supply is inadequate
(resulting to water storage and a good breeding place
for the vector), and solid waste collection and storing
are also inadequate.
The thrust of the Dengue Control Program is
directed towards community-based prevention and
control in endemic areas. Major strategy is advocacy
and promotion, particularly the Four O’clock
Habit which was adopted by most LGUs. This is a
nationwide, continuous and concerted effort to
eliminate the breeding places of Aedes aegypti. Other
5. Four o clock Habit
The Four-o'clock Habit (―4 o’clock habit‖) is an
initiative of the Philippine government that
requests residents to practice the cleaning of
their surroundings and draining water containers
to prevent the spread of mosquitoes, in support
of the Dengue Control Program and
the Malaria Control Program. This is also
known as ―operation kaya–kulub (upside down).‖
JUNE AS DENGUE PREVENTION MONTH
SOCIAL With the month of June declared as
Dengue Awareness month, private companies
such as SNI Philippines are actively pitching in to
help the DOH combat dengue through
nationwide info drives.
6. STRATEGIES
Dr. Lyndon Lee Suy, DOH program manager
of anti-dengue program, noted different
strategies in dengue prevention and control
program including the introduction Ovi-Larvi
Trap System, a mosquito trap and putting up
of insecticide-treated nets in the school
premises.
Lee Suy called on the (SOCIAL) public to be
partners in cleaning their surroundings
particularly on possible breeding areas of
mosquitoes — stagnant water in refrigerator
containers, dish drainers, flower vases, and
gutters -- should be removed.
7. STRATEGIES
ECONOMICAL/SOCIAL/POLITICAL
the DOH signed a memorandum of agreement
with barangay officials led by Liga ng Mga
Barangay who pledged that each member-
barangay will implement a dengue
prevention and control program coming
from their Internal Revenue Allotment
(IRA).
Likewise, the DOH has renewed its call to the
public to consider their slogan: "Kilos Na!
Mag-4S Kontra Dengue!" and it 4S strategies
such as Search and destroy, Seek early
consultation, Self-protective measures and
Say no to indiscriminate fogging.
8. STRATEGIES: OVITRAPS
The OL mosquito trap is a technology developed by
the Department of Science and Technology (DOST)
designed to reduce the population of the dengue-
carrying Aedes mosquitoes by attracting and killing their
eggs in a simple but proven effective system. This
technology will be distributed nationwide in cooperation
with the Department of Health (DOH).
(Political) The Governor also encouraged his fellow
officials and local constituents to be involved and not
to wait until they become victims of the disease. He also
stated that the local government of Tacloban will
allocate funds to buy extra OL mosquito trap kit to
distribute to all houses specially the identified high
dengue risk areas.
DOST and DOH will distribute 2,800 kits to each of the
16 regions of the country. National Capital
Region (NCR) will get a separate allocation of 5,200 OL
mosquito trap kits.
9. OVITRAP LAUNCHING
Local executives in Region VIII thumb up with DOST
Secretary Mario G. Montejo (third from right) and DOH
Secretary Enrique T. Ona (4th from right) to this new
dengue control and prevention program of the DOST and
DOH.
10. STRATEGIES: PROMOTION
SOCIAL health promotion, since
health is a collective social good. The
paradigm for promotion is centered on
the principle that health is the greatest
resource for social, economic, and
personal development, as well as an
important dimension of the quality of
life. It also recognizes that
political, economic, social, cultural, e
nvironmental, behavioral and
biological factors can help a person's
health as much they can damage it.
11. STRATEGIES
ECONOMICAL and SOCIAL holistic
vision of promotion. When it comes to
dengue, nothing is easy, simple, or
cheap. It is essential to promote
changes—behavioral changes—not
only in the community, but also in the
structure and organization of
prevention and control programs.They
have been successful or sustainable
over the years because of their very
costly vertical structure, based on
chemical control (the use of
insecticides),
12. STRATEGIES: COMMUNITY
INVOLVEMENT
SOCIAL because they utilize
community participation and health
education only in epidemics and
emergencies.
Community participation is normally
centered around mass clean-up
campaigns (trash removal), the
distribution of printed matter, and
mass radio and television campaigns
to disseminate information about the
vector, its breeding sites and the
disease.
13. STRATEGIES: BEHAVIOR
SOCIAL Because dengue a problem
linked to the residential
environment, the existence of
breeding sites is due to specific
human behaviors
(individual, community, and
institutional), since any receptable
capable of holdingwater is a potential
breeding site for Aedes eggs.
investigate, select, and
apply, appropriate to the situation of
each individual, family, or other
institutions outside the health sector.
14. STRATEGIES: POLITICAL
POLITICAL Understanding the
linkages between global, national and
local level policymaking.
PROPER REFERRAL SYSTEM
– Impact of such policies on prudent
and equitable use of antibiotics and
other drugs.
– Access to basic services by
vulnerable populations.
ability to respond to key health issues
16. KEY POINTS
Integrated epidemiological and entomological surveillance.
Advocacy and implementation of intersectoral actions among
health, environment, and education, as well as other sectors such as
industry and trade in new materials, tourism, and the legislative and
judicial branches of government.
Effective community participation.
Environmental management and attention to basic services such as
water supply, wastewater disposal, solid waste management, and
the proper disposal of used tires.
Patient care inside and outside the health system .
Case notification (clinical cases, confirmed, cases of and deaths
from DHF, circulating serotypes).
Incorporation of dengue/health into the formal education curriculum.
Critical analysis of the function and use of insecticides.
Formal training of health professionals and workers (from the
medical and social sectors).
Emergency preparedness, setting up new mechanisms and
preparing to deal with outbreaks and epidemics.
17. SUMMARY OF STRATEGIES
Strong leadership in program management.
Political and financial support to provide continuity for interventions.
Selective vector control based on effective social
communication, community participation, and environmental
management aimed at individual and collective behavior .
Environmental management and related activities
(water, refuse, and solid waste).
Active integrated surveillance based on an efficient, reliable health
information system (epidemiological and entomological).
Medical care to patients inside and outside the health system, which
includes recognition of warning signs and appropriate responses .
Evaluation tools that can periodically measure the effectiveness of
the action taken.
Knowledge of the economic impact of the various components of the
prevention and control programs.
Continuing education for human resources in the social and
biomedical sciences at all levels (from local to national)