The document summarizes George H. Kerr's book "Formosa" about Japan's invasion and rule over Taiwan from 1937 to 1945. It describes how Japan invaded Taiwan for its natural resources and to expand its empire. The Taiwanese people suffered under harsh Japanese rule, being forced to adopt the Japanese language and culture. By 1945, around 2 million Taiwanese had died as China lost the war and Taiwan came under full Japanese control. After World War 2, Taiwan gained independence as the US allied with Taiwan and threatened Japan with nuclear weapons if it tried to invade Taiwan again. The occupation spurred Taiwan to develop its own technology and military to defend itself in the future.