This document discusses basic techniques for manufacturing plastic objects. It describes the key ingredients used - plastic granules, loads, dyes, and additives. Plastics can be found in many commercial forms like powders, granules, liquids, films and more. Common manufacturing techniques for thermoplastics include extrusion for pipes and rods, injection moulding for household items, and blow moulding for hollow objects like bottles. Thermosets are often made through compression moulding, molding with resins, or injection moulding with careful temperature and pressure control. The document provides an overview of plastic manufacturing processes and materials.

1. Basic techniques for
the manufacture of
plastic objects.
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2. Ingredients
 Chaff (sp- la granza):
they are the granules of
the base plastic material.
 Loads: they are
complementary
substances to improve
some properties of
plastic.
 Dyes: to obtain the desired color.
 Additives and catalysts: improve properties and
facilitate polymerization.

3. Commercial forms
Plastics can be found in a multitude of commercial forms:
 Powder
 Granules
 Liquid resins
 Films
 Sheets
 Blocks
 Bars
 Tubes
 Profiles
 Threads

4. Extrusion
This technique is used in thermoplastics to manufacture pipes,
rods, constant section profiles, coating of electrical cables, etc.

5. Injection moulding
This technique is used in thermoplastics to manufacture
household utensils (buckets, jars, cutlery,....) housings of
household appliances, toys, etc.
This technique makes it possible to manufacture parts with
complex shapes.

6. Blow moulding
This technique is
used in
thermoplastics to
make hollow
objects such as
bottles, jars, toys
such as balls,
etc.

7. Vacuum forming
This technique is
used in
thermosets to
manufacture
electrical
accessories
(plugs, plugs,...),
cassoes handles,
appliance
housings, toilet
lids,...

8. Compression moulding

9. Calendered
This technique is used in thermoplastics to manufacture
sheets, plastic-coated fabrics, etc.

10. Working with thermoset
• Thermoset plastics are not worked in the
same way as thermoplastics, since they do
not melt or deform once their structure has
been constituted.

11. • Compression molding. Plastic
granules are molded into hot molds,
where they melt and take their final
shape. This is how you get irons,
plugs, plugs, etc.
Some manufacturing methods
with thermosets are:

12. Molding by impregnation with resins.
Thin layers of liquid resin are spread over an open
mold. This is how boat hulls and car panels are
manufactured.
Injection molding.
Some thermosets support this procedure similar to
that used with thermoplastics, but controlling the
pressure and temperature of the mold.

13. Forming plastics
https://www.technologystudent.com/despro_flsh/mats_plast1.html
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibra_sint%C3%A9tica
Synthetic fibers