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Formation of stars and planets
1.
2. A celestial body moving in an elliptical orbit round a star is known
an a planet.
A star is a luminous sphere of plasma held together by its own
gravity.
4. The planets in our Solar System are
believed to have formed from the same
spinning disc of dust that formed the Sun.
This disc, called the , was
composed mainly of hydrogen and
helium.
Particles in the spinning disc began to
clump together as gravity attracted them
to each other. Over a few million years
many of these chunks had merged
together and there were objects
5. Over time the planetesimals continued to
collide and join together, attracted by
gravity.These larger objects, about the
size and mass of our Moon, are
called .The accumulation of
material to form planets in this way is
called .
6. Stars form inside relatively dense
concentrations of interstellar gas
and dust known as molecular
clouds.These regions are
extremely cold.At these
temperatures, gases become
molecular meaning that atoms
bind together.
PLANETESIMAL a body which could come together with many others under gravitation to form a planet.
SOLAR NEBULA Solar Nebula. Our solar system began forming within a concentration of interstellar dust and hydrogen gas called a molecular cloud. The cloud contracted under its own gravity and our proto-Sun formed in the hot dense center. The remainder of the cloud formed a swirling disk called of the solar nebula.
ACCRETION growth or increase by the gradual accumulation of additional layers or matter
PROTOPLANET a large body of matter in orbit around the sun or a star and thought to be developing into a planet
ATOMS the smallest particle of a chemical element that can exist.
INTERSTELLER GAS Much of the space between the stars is filled with atomic and molecular gas (primarily hydrogen and helium) and tiny pieces of solid particles or dust (composed mainly of carbon, silicon and oxygen). In some places this interstellar material is very dense, forming nebulas.
Atom’s synonym is molecule.