totlal description about flood in odisha

1. SOCIALSCIENCE PROJECT
Presented by: OM MISHRA
IX ‘C’
137

2.  It is a natural event or occurrence where a piece of land (or area)
that is usually dry land, suddenly gets submerged under water.
Some floods can occur suddenly and recede quickly. Others take
days or even months to build and discharge.
 When floods happen in an area that people live, the water carries
along objects like houses, bridges, cars, furniture and even people.
It can wipe away farms, trees and many more heavy Floods occur at
irregular intervals and vary in size, duration and the affected area.
 It is important to note that water naturally flows from high areas to
low lying areas. This means low-lying areas may flood quickly
before it begins to get to higher ground.
 In this lesson, we shall see more about what causes flooding, the
types of flooding, some effects of floods and what we can do before,
during and after floods occur.tems.

3. All factors starting from the temperature difference to climatic
change to the diseases,
All have a similar link that is population growth.
The following graph shows the growth of population from
1951-2005 .this graph can only give us a clear information
about our project.
 The demand of population for livelihood happiness lead to
cutting of trees.
 Deforestation.
 Gradually the increase in temperature takes place.
 Leads to green house effect, this causes many more hazards.
 Causes diseases.

4.  RAINS
Rivers can overflow their banks to
cause flooding. This happens when
there is more water upstream than
usual, and as it flows downstream to
the adjacent low-lying areas (also
called a floodplain), there is a burst
and water gets into the land.

5.  In many cold regions, heavy
snow over the winter usually
stays un-melted for
sometime. There are also
mountains that have ice on
top of them. Sometimes the
ice suddenly melts when the
temperature rises, resulting
in massive movement of
water into places that are
usually dry. This is usually
called a snowmelt flood

7.  The water level in Hirakud dam has soared due to the heavy
rains. Major rivers flowing across the state Baitarani,
Brahmani, Subarnarekha, Jalaka, Chitrotpala, Kathjodi,
Kuakhai, Budhabalanga, Devi, Chitrotpala, Daya,
Kushabhadra, Biluakhai, Bhargabi, Luna, Dhanua, Birupa,
Genguti and Mahanadi are on spate.
 19 districts i.e Sambalpur, Subarnapur, Boudh, Jharsugudah,
Angul, Balasore, Bhadrak, Kendrapara, Jagatsinghpur, Jajpur,
Cuttack, Khordha, Nayagarh, Puri and Bargarh, are worst
affected.
 80,720 hector cultivated land submerged.
 5000 people evacuated from low lying areas to safer place
 17 dead and many missing
 21 major breaches in the embankments on rivers.

8.  From the causes of floods and the types that we just read about, you can tell that
floods are more likely to occur in some areas than others.
 Generally, the natural behavior of water (and flowing water) is that it moves
from higher ground to lower ground. This means if there is a higher ground
adjacent a lower ground, the lower ground is a lot more likely to experience
floods.
 Additionally, anywhere that rains fall, floods can develop. This is so because
anytime there are more rains bringing more water than it can be drained or
absorbed by the soil, there is a flood potential.
 In many cities, there are buildings springing up in many places where they have
not been authorized. Some of these building are placed in waterways. Other
places also have very bad and chocked drainage systems. The danger is that, with
the rains, water will find its own level if it cannot find its way. The result is
flooding and your home could be under water.
 Any plain low-lying area adjacent a river, lagoon or lake is also more likely to
have floods anytime the water level rises. This includes coastal areas and
shorelines, as seawater can easily be swept inland by strong winds, tides and
tsunamis.

9. The 482 km long of coastline of Orissa exposes the State to flood, cyclones and storm surges.
Heavy rainfall during monsoon causes floods in the rivers. Flow of water from neighbouring
States of Jharkhand and Chattisgarh also contributes to flooding. The flat coastal belts with
poor drainage, high degree of siltation of the rivers, soil erosion, breaching of the
embankments and spilling of floodwaters over them, cause severe floods in the river basin
and delta areas. In Orissa, rivers such as the mahanadi, Subarnarekha, Brahmani, Baitarani,
Rushikulya, Vansadhara and their many tributaries and branches flowing through the State
expose vast areas to floods.
In Orissa, damages are caused due to floods mainly in the Mahanadi, the Brahmani, and
the Baitarani. These rivers have a common delta where flood waters intermingle, and when
in spate simultaneously, wreak considerable havoc. This problem becomes even more
acute when floods coincide with high tide. The water level rises due to deposits of silt on the
river-bed. Rivers often overflow their banks or water rushes through new channels causing
heavy damages.

10. THANK YOU
SUBMITTED BY::--
OM MISHRA