This document discusses dams, including their parts, uses, classifications, and factors considered in construction. Dams are classified based on their materials, purpose, and structural design. They are used for flood mitigation, irrigation, water supply, navigation, fishery/wildlife preservation, and hydroelectric power generation. Key factors for dam construction include geological conditions, rainfall/storage characteristics, material availability, river diversion planning, and environmental impact studies. The document also notes potential adverse effects of dams and discusses dam failures, case studies, and the future role of dams.