The document explains file handling in C, detailing operations such as creating, reading, writing, and updating files. It outlines key functions like fopen(), fclose(), fprintf(), and fscanf(), along with various file opening modes. Code examples for opening, reading, and writing files are also provided.

2. Agenda
What Is File Handling in C?
File Handling Operations in C
File Handling Functions in C
File Opening Modes in C

3. What Is File Handling in C?

4. What Is File Handling in C?
The data is stored in a file using a program called file handling.
The main objectives are:
• Create
• Read
• Write
• update

5. What Is File Handling in C?
Declaration:
FILE *ptr1, *ptr2;
File pointer is a variable that is used to access the files in the program to perform certain
operations on it.
Declaration:
int a, b;
The general syntax to open a file:
FILE *ptr;
ptr = fopen(“file_name”, “mode”);

6. File Handling Operations in C

7. File Handling Operations in C
Opening a file Reading from a file
Creation of a file

8. File Handling Operations in C
Moving a file Closing a file
Writing to a file

9. File Handling Functions in C

10. File Handling Functions in C
Sl. no Function Meaning
1 fopen() To open a file
2 fclose() To close a file
3 fprintf() Write to a file
4 fscanf() Read from a file
5 fputs() Write a string from file
6 fgets() Read a string from file
7 fseek() Adjust position in a file
8 rewind() Set current position to start of file
9 remove() Delete a file

11. File Opening Modes in C

12. File Opening Modes in C
Modes operation
“r” Open an existing file to read
“w” Open an existing file for writing or create a new file.
“at” Append to the end of the existing file
“rt+” Open a file for reading and writing
“wt+” Create a file for reading and writing
“at+” Append to the end of the existing file (for reading and writing)
“rb” Open a binary file for reading only
“wb” Open a binary file for writing only or create a new file.
“ab” Append to the end of existing binary file
“rb+” Open an existing binary file for reading and writing
“wb+” Create a binary file for reading and writing.
“ab+” Append to the end of existing binary file (for reading and writing)

13. File Handling Operations in C
Opening a file Example declaration:
FILE *ptr
ptr = fopen(“file1”, “w”);
Reading a file
Example declaration:
FILE *ptr
ptr = fopen(“file1”, “r”);
fscanf(ptr,”%d”,&a);

14. File Handling Operations in C
Writing a file Example declaration:
FILE *ptr
ptr = fopen(“file1”, “w”);
fprintf(ptr, “%d”,”a”);
Closing a file
Example declaration:
FILE *ptr
ptr = fopen(“file1”, “r”);
--------------------------
fclose(ptr);

15. File Handling Example Program