1) Optical fiber connectors are used to join optical fibers where a connect/disconnect capability is required, such as in telephone central offices and customer premises installations. 2) The main types of optical fiber connectors discussed are SC, ST, FC, LC, MT-RJ, MU, and SMA, which vary in dimensions, ferrule diameter and material, and coupling method. 3) Good connector design aims to provide low insertion loss, high return loss, ease of installation, low cost, reliability, low environmental sensitivity, and ease of use.

1. Topic:- Connectors
To:
Sir Abdul Latif Memon
By:
Rana Kashif Hussain
F16-16TL21
Subject:- Fiber optic communication system

2. Outline:
Why We require connectors?
Introduction
Features
Classification & Types of Connectors
Reference

3. Why?
Optical fiber connectors are used to join optical fibers
where a connect/disconnect capability is required.
Optical fiber connectors are used in telephone company
central offices, at installations on customer premises,
and in outside plant applications to connect equipment
and cables, or to cross connect cables.

4. A variety of optical fiber connectors are available, but SC
and LC
connectors are the most common types of connectors on
the market.
The main differences among types of connectors are
dimensions and methods of mechanical coupling.
Different connectors are required for multimode, and for
single mode fibers.
Introduction:

5. Features of good connector design:
Low insertion loss
High return loss (low amounts of reflection at the interface)
Ease of installation
Low cost
Reliability
Low environmental sensitivity
Ease of use

6. Types of Optical Connectors:
SC (Subscriber or Square or Standard connector)
ST (Straight Tip)
Fc (Ferrule Connector or Fiber Channel)
LC (Lucent Connector)
MT-RJ (Mechanical Transfer Registered Jack or Media
Termination -
Recommended Jack)
Mu (Miniature Unit)
SMA (Subminiature Version A)

7. SC
(Subscriber or Square or Standard connector)

8. (Subscriber or
Details of SC:
Square or Standard connector)
Manufactured By: NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone) of
Japan.
Application: SC Connectors are frequently used for Network
applications. SC connector is widely used in single mode systems.
SCconnectors have low cost and they are simple and durable.
Ferrule Diameter: It has a 2.5mm diameter ferrule, made of
ceramic or metal.

9. ST(straight tip) Connector:

10. Details of ST(straight tip) Connector:
Manufactured By: AT&T
Application: ST connectors are used in telecommunications
field for local network applications. They are the most
commonly used connectors for multimode applications.
Ferrule Diameter: It has a 2.5mm keyed long cylindrical
ferrule for the durability.

11. FC
(Ferrule connector fiber channel)

12. Manufactured By: AT
Application: It is being used Inlong haul and local network
connections. They are also useful in high-vibration environments.
Ferrule Diameter: FC connector also has a 2.5mm
ferrule made of ceramic (zirconia) or stainless alloy)
Details of FC
(Ferrule connector or fiber channel)

13. LC(LucentConnector)

14. Manufactured By: Lucent
Application: The LC has good performance and is highly
favored for single mode. Due to its small size, it is used
for high-density connections.
Details of LC (Lucent Connector)

15. MT-RJ connector
Machinal Transfer Registered jack connector

16. Details of MT-RJ Connector:
Manufactured By: Tyco Inc.
Application: MT-RJ connectors are used in building
communication systems for duplex multimode connections.

17. MU (Miniature Unit) connector

18. Manufactured By: It was developed by NTT.
Application:
Applications include high- speed data communications,
voice networks. They even support dense wavelength
division multiplexing (DWDM). They can also be used
multiple optical connections.
Ferrule Diameter: 1.25 mm
Losses & Other Details: It comes in simplex as well as
duplex form. It is a small
form factor SC connector. They have insertion loss of 0.25
dB and return loss >55 dB.
Details of MU connector

19. SMA (Subminiature version A) Connector

20. Details of SMA Connector
Manufactured By: Amphenol Fiber Optic Products
Application: Industrial lasers, military; for multimode fiber.
Ferrule Diameter: The SMA connector holds a single fiber. The
Ferrule is traditionally made of steel, although ceramic versions
are available. SMA 905 and SMA 906 multimode connectors
are available with stainless alloy or stainless steel ferrules. The
stainless alloy ferrule may be drilled from 125um to 1550um to
accept various fiber sizes.
Coupling Type: SMA connectors use a threaded plug and
socket. SMA connectors have a threaded Coupling nut.

21. Reference:
Optical fiber communication by John M.Senior
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_fiber_connector
www.electronics.dit.ie
http://www.ertyu.org/steven_nikkel/fiberconnect.html