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Ireland and the size
of the universe
Peter Household
Fermoy Library
24 August 2017
20th March 2015 about 9:30 am
at Blackrock Castle, Cork
Sun and Moon same apparent size, why?
The solar system to scale ?
Dimensions of solar system
If the balloon is the Sun,
how big is the Earth ?
Dimensions of solar system
Balloon Sun,
peppercorn Earth
What’s the Earth-Sun distance ?
40 metres
Dimensions of Milky Way
Balloon Sun, peppercorn Earth
Earth-Sun distance 40 metres
Distance to nearest star?
Dimensions of Milky Way
Balloon Sun, peppercorn Earth
Earth-Sun distance 40 metres
Distance to nearest star?
11,000 km
Dimensions of Milky Way
Balloon Sun, peppercorn Earth
Earth-Sun distance 40 metres
Distance to nearest star?
11,000 km
trying to grasp the size of space
trying to grasp the size of space
trying to grasp the size of space
trying to grasp the size of space
trying to grasp the size of space
Leviathan at Birr, Co Offaly (1845)
Leviathan at Birr, Co Offaly (1845)
Whirlpool Galaxy, M51
Whirlpool Galaxy, M51
Sketch by
Earl of
Rosse
made at
Birr
in 1845
Newgrange, Co Meath (5200 years ago )
Newgrange, Co Meath (5200 years ago )
Pyramids of Egypt 4630 years ago
Newgrange, Co Meath (3200 BC)
the
light
box
Newgrange, Co Meath (3200 BC)
Tomb lit up on 21st December
The last 100 years
1920’s There are other galaxies
1929 … and they are receding (Hubble)
1940’s Big bang theory
1980’s Dark matter - 10 times ordinary stuff
1994 Amino acid in interstellar cloud
1995 First extra-solar planet detected
1994-2000 “Galileo” mission to Europa
2015 New Horizons at Pluto
2017 Juno at Jupiter (May), Cassini to
plunge into Saturn (15 Sept)
The effort to understand the
universe is one of the very few
things that lifts human life a
little above the level of farce
and endows it with some of
the grace of tragedy.
Steven Weinberg
Questions ...
Thank you
Cork Astronomy Club
New season starts Mon 11th Sept
lectures, observing, study,
library, outings
own telescope not required
meetings held at UCC, 8 pm
some bonus slides to follow
Orion the hunter
Stars projected on the dome of heaven
The Seven
Sisters
410 light years distant
Hugh
O’Neill
Earl of
Tyrone
Flight of
Earls 1607
Quasar appears as it did 12.7 billion years ago
Universe was 7 % of present age
>
James Jeans
Gravity
Isaac Newton 1687
Albert Einstein
1915
The earth bending the
fabric of space
It is my task to convince you not
to turn away because you don’t
understand it. You see, my
physics students don’t
understand it either. That’s
because I don’t understand it.
Nobody does.
Richard Feynman c. 1963
Makemake, Kuiper belt object, discovered 2005
Phoenix digging on Mars 2008
Victoria Crater Mars 2007
Comet 67P – Mission Rosetta
Europa – warm ocean? Picture: Galileo 1994-2000
Titan
Dry bed of methane river?
Water and hydrocarbon ice.
Circus Maximus – laboratory
for life?
Picture : Huygens Jan 2005
Tongue fish – they cook but they don’t cook

Extremophiles
Europa – warm ocean? Picture: Galileo 1994-2000
Extra solar planets
Exoplanets
first, 1995
270 (July 2008 )
nearly 2000 (20 May 2015)
Corot 7 B
New Scientist 23 Aug 08
Milky Way over Ontario
Andromeda – our nearest galaxy
– visible with naked eye
NGC 1365
Barred
spiral galaxy
Full Moon rising above Cape Sounion, Greece
Galileo
Galilei
1609
The
Orion
Nebula
Orion the hunter
Mountains of Creation
Cosmic abundances
Hydrogen 70%
Helium 28%
Oxygen 1%
All other elements 1%
Only about 4% of the total energy density
in the universe can be seen directly
About 22% is thought to be composed of
dark matter
The remaining 74% is thought to consist
of dark energy
It is my task to convince you not
to turn away because you don’t
understand it. You see, my
physics students don’t
understand it either. That’s
because I don’t understand it.
Nobody does.
Richard Feynman c. 1963

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