A brief discription of the peperation of Fe-MCM-41 Catalyst for theCCVD peperatiob of CNT's used in Hydrogen storage....

1. UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM & ENERGY STUDIES
Dehradun
The Synthesis of Fe-Co MCM-41 Catalyst for the preparation of
Carbon nanotubes by Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition
MINOR PROJECT
B.Tech MSNT(2012-16)
5th - SEM
Submitted By: Guided By:
Anish Verma (007) G.Gopalakrishnan
Shah Faisal (42)
Vishal Jain (52)
Mohammad Abubakar (59)

2. Chapter outline of the Project
Introduction
Problem Statement
Objective
Flowchart
Methodology
MCM-41
Procedure
Synthesis
Conclusion
References

3. Introduction/Background:
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are allotropes of carbon with
a cylindrical nanostructure. Nanotubes have been constructed with
length-to-diameter ratio of up to 132,000,000:1.Current applications
include Tips for atomic force microscope probes. In tissue engineering,
carbon nanotubes can act as scaffolding for bone growth.
CNT and hetro atom substituted CNT having potential application for
Hydrogen storage devices. Search for efficient H-Storage devices is
necessitated by the risk involved in transportation of hydrogen which is
regarded as potential future auto fuels.
Hence, efficient method of CNT & hetro atom substituted CNT is being
sought. One of the method for CNT synthesis is by catalytic CVD
(Chemical vapour deposition) and so effective efficient catalyst become
important area for research. Hence it is proposed to synthesis Fe-Co
substituted MCM-41 & characterized them for its application & catalyst for
CNT synthesis by CVD.

4. Problem statement:
The serious problems that are affecting the development of hydrogen
cars are; hydrogen storage, the high reactivity of hydrogen, the cost
and methods of hydrogen fuel production, consumer demand and the
cost of changing the infrastructure to accommodate hydrogen
vehicles.
The concerns surrounding the storage of hydrogen are a major issue.
Hydrogen must be stored at extremely low temperatures and high
pressure. A container capable of withstanding these specifications is
larger than a standard gas tank. Hydrogen storage could be viewed
as a problem by consumers. Hydrogen is extremely reactive.
Hydrogen is combustible and flammable.
So in order to solve the above stated problem we are making Fe-Co
substituted MCM-41 catalyst to synthesis CNT hetro atoms
substituted CNT which have the potential to be used for hydrogen
storage.

5. Objectives:
• Develop high-capacity hydrogen storage material to meet
the demand for a hydrogen Storage system.
• To enhance the preparation of CNT’s produced by
Catalytic CVD using the MCM-41 Catalyst.
• Hydrogen capacity greater than 6 wt. %
• Favourable thermodynamic and kinetics suitable for
transportation applications.
• Stable with hydrating/dehydrating cycling.

6. FLOWCHART OF THE PROJECT
Literature Gathering
Data collection and reading Time-3 months
Catalyst Synthesis
Catalyst Analysis
Characterization and Verification
of properites
Time-3-4 months
Chemical preperation and
synthesis
Time-4-5 months

7. Methodology
MCM-41
Mobil Composition of Matter (MCM) is the initial name given for a
series of mesoporous materials that were first synthesized by Mobil's
researchers in 1992. MCM-41 (Mobil Composition of Matter No. 41)
and MCM-48 (Mobil Composition of Matter No. 48) are two of the most
popular mesoporous molecular sieves that are keenly studied by
researchers.
The most striking fact about the MCM-41 and MCM-48 is that,
although composed of amorphous silica wall, they possess long range
ordered framework with uniform mesopores. These materials also
possess large surface area, which can be up to more than 1000 m2g−1.
Moreover, the pore diameter of these materials can be nicely
controlled within mesoporous range between 1.5 to 20 nm by adjusting
the synthesis conditions and/or by employing surfactants with different
chain lengths in their preparation.

8. HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS
•Hydrothermal synthesis includes the various techniques of
crystallizing substances from high-temperature aqueous
solutions at high vapor pressures; also termed "hydrothermal
method.
•Hydrothermal synthesis can be defined as a method of synthesis
of single crystals that depends on the solubility of minerals in hot
water under high pressure.

9. PROCEDURE
Synthesis of Fe-MCM-41
Materials Required
Fe-MCM-41 molecular sieve is to be synthesised
hydrothermally using a gel composition of –
1SiO2:0.01 Fe2O3:0.2 CTAB: 0.89 H2SO4.
Sodium metasilicate, ferric nitrate and cetyl trimethyl
ammonium bromide(CTAB) are to be used as the sources
of silicon, iron and structure-directing agent, respectively.

10. Synthesis of catalyst
In a typical synthesis, 21.2g of sodium metasilicate is added with ferric
nitrate and dissolved in distilled water. The pH of the solution is adjusted to
10.5 using 1M sulphuric acid and the content was stirred well to form a gel.
An aqueous solution of CTAB was prepared by dissolving 7.2 g of it in
distilled water and it is added slowly to the gel for a period of about 30 min.
The resulting mixture is then stirred for 1 hrs. at room temperature and
autoclaved at 145oC for 48 hr. The crystallized Fe-MCM-41 is recovered by
filtration, washed several times with distilled water and dried at 80oC for 3
Hr.The occluded surfactant was removed by calcination at 550oC in muffle
furnace for 6 hrs. to obtain Fe-MCM-41.
Synthesis of Fe-MCM-41 and Co-MCM-41
Co-MCM-41 is synthesised by adopting the above procedure in which
cobaltous nitrate is used as the source for cobalt and ferric nitrate for Fe
(ratio 1:1).

11. CONCLUSION
The synthesis of the Fe-Co-MCM-41
catalyst for the catalytic CVD synthesis
of CNT’s will be carried out
successfully.

12. REFERENCES
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6. Electric Muffle Furnace, C.A. Crowley, Popular Mechanics, 67:6, June 1937, pp. 941-
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