Fashion retailing models era gp3 ppt

MODELS
• The modern fashion show has a long and winding history
that spans empires, revolutions and key moments in
history… and it all began with an Englishman by the
name of Worth. Charles Frederick Worth
Marie
Vernet,
First
model
hired
by
Worth.

MODELS
• THEY
EMBODY
A
NATURALIZED
VISION
OF
FEMALE
BEAUTY,
ONE
THAT
ALL
COMES
DOWN
TO
MAKING
CLOTHES
LOOK
GOOD.
• -‐NEV,
NYC
MAGAZINE
EDITOR

Sociology and
Philosophy of models
ProducFon
of
the
Look
from
Scouts
to
Shoppers

Sociology and
Editorial
and
Commercial
Worlds
in
the
Fashion
Field

Sociology and
Structure
of
the
Field
of
Fashion

Sociology and
• Editorial
and
Commercial
–
two
different
markets
• The
Fashion
Modeling
Market
–
the
creaLon
of
value
and
look
for
consumpLon
• The
Uncertainty
of
Fashion
Market
–
imitaLon
of
looks
• The
Contradictory
NoLon
of
Look
–
unique,
edgy
but
conforming
• The
slenderness
of
model
–
feminism,
beauty
and
in
reality
• What
makes
a
good
ethnic
model?
–
embodies
an
aUempt
to
reconcile
contradictory
social
categories
• Gender
–
The
IrraLonality
of
Pay
between
Female
and
Male
Models

1950s & before
• The
Golden
Age
of
Haute
Couture
• The
post-‐WWII
ChrisFan
Dior’s
“New
Look”
• The
ultra
feminine
beauty
• Television
joined
fashion
magazines
and
movies
• 1954:
the
come
back
of
Coco
Chanel
–
a
braid-‐trimmed
cardigan-‐
style
jacket
• Mid-‐1950s:
the
unfi]ed
style
–
Balenciaga
unfi]ed
suits
• 1958:
Yves
Saint
Laurent’s
Trapeze
Line

1950s & before
• A`er
the
Great
Depression,
the
World
War
II
dented
the
morale
of
the
people.
In
such
desperate
Fmes
with
shortage
of
supplies
and
raFoning,
men
and
women
sFll
held
on
to
fashion
and
coped
with
simplicity
• Fashion
in
the
1950s'
was
one
that
saw
some
stark
changes
in
terms
of
clothes
and
styling.
With
the
war
over,
austerity
was
out
and
haute
couture
saw
a
resurgence
in
popularity.
Lisa Fonssagrives at Paddington Station, London, 1951

1950s & before
• Lisa Fonssagrives (May 17, 1911 –
February 4, 1992),was a Swedish
fashion model widely credited as the
first supermodel.
• Her training in the art of ballet
helped in contributing to the
success of her modelling career. Her
poise and elegance made her stand
out from all the rest.
The Black and White Idea, April 1950, by Irving Penn
Lisa Fonssagrives

1950s & before
• She once said of herself,
Fonssagrives was a “good
clothes hanger”, and indeed her
look was the perfect portrayal of
the “new ideal of feminine
artifice” which was the ideal of
the late 1940s and the 1950s.
Lisa Fonssagrives on the Eiffel Tower, a photo by Erwin
Blumfeld for Vogue, 1939
`

1950s & before Dovima with Elephants, Evening dress by Dior, Cirque
d’Hiver, August 1955
DOVIMA

1950s & before
DOVIMA
• Dorothy Virginia Margaret Juba
(December 11, 1927 – May 3, 1990),
later known as Dorothy Horan, and
best known as Dovima, was an
American model during the 1950s.
• Dovima was reputed to be the
highest-paid model of her time.
• Dovima with the Elephants” has
become an icon. The gown was the
first evening dress designed for
Christian Dior by his new assistant,
Yves Saint-Laurent. Dovima became
the epitome of 1950s haute couture
and of Dior's "New Look"!

• Hippies
–
young
people
revolted
against
the
conservaFve
norms
e.g.
bell-‐bo]om
jeans,
Fe-‐dye
and
baFk
fabrics,
paisley
prints
• Second-‐wave
of
feminism
• Mary
Quant
invented
the
mini-‐skirt
• The
bikini
came
into
fashion
in
1963
a`er
being
featured
in
the
film
Beach
Party
• Hairstyles:
beehive
hairdos,
the
bird’s
nest
hairstyle,
the
chignon
hairstyle,
feathery
cut,
very
short
styles
• Leisure
suit
1960s & 1970s

1960s
• The
early
sixFes
were
more
reminiscent
of
the
1950s
• The
'60s'
clothing
era
expressed
individuality,
peace,
love,
freedom,
and
supported
vivid
unisex
styles.
• Bright,
swirling
colors,
Psychedelic,
Fe-‐dye
shirts
and
long
hair
and
beards
were
commonplace
• For
the
first
Fme
in
the
20th
Century,
London,
not
Paris,
was
the
center
of
the
fashion
world

1960s
Twiggy
• Lesley Lawson (née Hornby;
born 19 September 1949)
• Twiggy was initially known for
her thin build and her
androgynous look consisting
of large eyes, long eyelashes,
and short hair. In 1966, she was
named "The Face of 1966" by
the Daily Express and voted
British Woman of the Year.
• Twiggy worked closely with
Mary Quant and her fashion
collaborations

1960s
Twiggy
• She retired from modelling in 1970
after four years, joking at the time:
"You can't be a clothes hanger for
your entire life." She moved on to
stage, films, TV and singing, earning
two Golden Globes and a Tony
nomination.
• In 2005, she joined the cast of the
television show America's Next Top
Model for Cycles 5–9 as one of four
judges
• She started an HSN fashion line
called the "Twiggy London"
collection, and has begun a fashion
blog to discuss the line. Women in
their 60s and 70s are remaining stylish
today, and this trend has been termed
the "Twiggy effect".

1970s
Lauren Hutton
• Lauren Hutton (born
November 17, 1943) is an
American model and actress.
• She was known not only for
her pretty face, but also for
the very noticeable gap
between her two front teeth.
• Fashion designer Halston
proclaimed Hutton “the
greatest mannequin in
history” and in 1974, she was
the first model to receive a
million dollar contract – and
became the face of Revlon
Cosmetics.

1980s
• pop music stars like Cyndi
Lauper were ushering in an
entirely new
• Apparels tend to be overly
bright and vivid in
appearance.
• Punk fashion began
• from the 1980s wore a heavy
and bright makeup

I am not Superman ,
I am a supermodel.
• Model Janice Dickinson
states that she coined the
term supermodel in 1979 as a
compound of Superman and
model. Dickinson also claims
to be the first supermodel.
• The term supermodel
became prominent in the
popular culture of the 1980s.
Supermodels
“
”

Supermodels
From left to right:
Claudia Schiffer, Cindy Crawford, Kate Moss, Linda
Evangelista, Naomi Campbell and Christy Turlington
Trinity : Linda Evangelista, Christy Turlington and Naomi
campbell

Trinity
Linda Evangelista
"We don't wake up
for less than
$10,000 a day"
• Canada’s most legendary
model; referred to as "The
Chameleon" for her ever-evolving
hairstyle and ability to
disappear into a character in
front of the camera
• has appeared on more than 600
magazine covers
• will be haunted by her joking
quote “We don’t wake up for
less than $10,000 a day” which
seemed to symbolize ‘90s
supermodel exces

Trinity
Christy Turlington
• Represented Calvin Klein from 1987 to 2007
• posed nude for a controversial PETA poster that read "I'd rather go naked than wear fur
• brought the navel piercing to fame in 1993

Trinity
Naomi Campbell
• One of the world's most
renowned supermodels, Naomi
Campbell was the first black
woman to appear on the covers
of French and British Vogue
and the first black model to
appear on the cover of Time.
• In addition to modeling,
Campbell has pursued acting
and music careers, the latter of
which has been particularly
successful in Japan.
• Naomi Campbell has also
posed for more erotic fare,
including Playboy magazine
and Madonna's book Sex.
• She is active in promoting the
welfare of children in Africa and
has worked with Nelson
Mandela since 1997.

1990s
• Androgynous
• An
Imperfect
Beauty
– Anna
Sui:
“You
couldn’t
go
any
further
than
supermodels.
You
couldn’t
get
any
taller,
blonder,
or
breasFer.”
• GeneraFon
X
–
the
popularity
of
MTV
• Rave
parFes
take
the
place
of
rock
fesFvals
• The
era
a`er
the
fall
of
Berlin
Wall
–
young
adults
• The
very
thin,
waif-‐like
figure,
Kate
Moss
• The
casual
chic
in
late
1990s
• Women’s
fashion
became
more
body
conscious
and
athleFc
• Britpop

• In
the
early
1990s,
several
mid
and
late
1980s
fashions
remained
very
stylish
among
both
sexes.
However,
the
popularity
of
grunge
and
alternaFve
rock
music
helped
bring
the
simple,
unkempt
grunge
look
into
the
mainstream
by
1994.
The
clothing
was
greatly
influenced
by
the
hit
music
groups.
It
was
they
who
popularized
parFcular
clothing
styles
and
trends
that
simply
caught
on.
• This
was
a
Fme
that
witnessed
many
fashion
trends.
From
the
introducFon
of
the
very
bizarre
style
statements
to
the
revival
of
fashion
from
the
olden
days,
the
1990s
literally
had
it
all.
1990s

1990s
Kate Moss
• Kate
Moss
(born
16
January
1974)
is
an
English
model
• Became
poster
child
for
‘90s
grunge
heroin
chic
movement
• sparked
controversy
during
an
interview
with
WWD
in
saying,
“Nothing
tastes
as
good
as
skinny
feels”
• Her
contribuFon
to
the
fashion
industry
is
marked
by
her
rock-‐inspired
signature
style
• A
prototype
of
BriFsh
fashion,
street
style
that
is
copied
worldwide.
Eg.skinny
jeans,
low-‐slung
belts
and
vintage
dresses
are
iconic
• On
1
May
2007,
a
collecFon
of
clothes
designed
by
Moss
exclusively
for
the
Topshop.
In
early
2010,
it
was
revealed
that
she
had
designed
a
range
of
handbags
for
luxury
goods
house
Longchamp.

COVERS OF KATE MOSS
Although
is
hard
to
decipher
exactly
how
many
magazine
covers
Kate
Moss
appeared
on,
sources
report
that
it
definitely
more
than
300.

present
• In
the
'00s,
fashion,
and
indeed
the
Arts
in
general,
looked
to
the
past
for
inspiraFon,
arguably
more
so
than
in
previous
decades.
Vintage
clothing,
especially
from
the
SixFes,
SevenFes,
and
EighFes
became
extremely
popular
and
fashion
designers
o`en
sought
to
emulate
bygone
styles
in
their
collecFons.
• The
early
'00s
saw
a
conFnuaFon
of
the
minimalist
look
of
the
NineFes
in
high
fashion.
Later
on,
designers
began
to
adopt
a
more
colorful,
feminine,
excessive,
and
'anF-‐
modern'
look.
Name
brands
became
of
parFcular
importance
among
young
people
and
many
celebriFes
launched
their
own
lines
of
clothing.
Tighter
fit
clothing
and
longer
hair
became
mainstream
for
many
men
and
women.
Rap
music
also
had
a
considerable
influence
on
popular
fashion,
in
the
early
part
of
the
2000s.

Present
Gisele Bündchen
• Gisele
Caroline
Bündchen
(
born
July
20,
1980)is
a
Brazilian
fashion
model,
actress,
and
producer
• In
1999,
Vogue
dubbed
her
"The
Return
of
the
Sexy
Model",
and
she
was
credited
with
ending
the
"heroin
chic"
era
of
modeling.
• Kick-‐started
the
wave
of
Brazilian
supes,
as
the
austerity
of
the
‘90s
gave
way
to
vitality
and
curves
• Bündchen
was
one
of
the
Victoria's
Secret
Angels
from
2000
unFl
mid-‐2007
• Bündchen
pioneered
the
"horse
walk",
a
stomping
movement
created
when
a
model
picks
her
knees
up
high
and
kicks
her
feet
out
in
front
• Since
2004,
she
has
been
the
highest-‐paid
model
in
the
world,
and
as
of
2007
was
the
16th
richest
woman
in
the
entertainment
industry.
• Claudia
Schiffer
and
Naomi
Campbell
have
stated
that
Bündchen
is
the
only
remaining
true
supermodel.

present
Cara Delevigne
• Cara
Jocelyn
Delevingne
(born
12
August
1992)
is
an
English
fashion
model,
socialite,
actress
and
singer
• Signature
eyebrows
• Named
"Model
of
the
Year"
at
the
2012
BriFsh
Fashion
Awards
• became
Karl
Lagerfeld's
muse
in
2014.
• quote
a
profile
in
New
York,
“In
an
age
of
the
fasFdiously
styled
and
perfectly
-‐presented
model,
Delevingne
offers
-‐something
gloriously
weird.”
Meaning,
she’s
the
type
of
gal
who,
a`er
being
named
Model
of
the
Year,
called
it
a
“Zoolander
moment.”
• Added
fashion
designer
to
her
resume
by
teaming
up
with
DKNY
for
her
first
capsule
collecFon.

Male Models
• In
1960,
Pierre
Cardin
showed
the
first
haute
couture
menswear
collecFon
in
Paris.
• Fashion:
representaFon
of
gender
and
doing
gender
• The
presentaFon
of
masculinity
• ConvenFonally,
the
right
image
of
tough,
heterosexual
masculinity
• Today:
style-‐conscious
masculiniFes
–
metrosexuals

Male models
Darrell Winfield
• The
Marlboro
Men
from
1968
to
1989
• A
real
cowboy
• Conveying
heterosexual
masculinity
• His
look
was
rugged
and
“authenFc”
manhood
• The
adverFsements
were
originally
conceived
as
a
way
to
popularize
filtered
cigare]es,
which
at
the
Fme
were
considered
feminine.
• Sales
went
up
from
$5
billion
in
1995
to
$20
billion
in
1957
for
Philip
Morris

Male models
Marcus Schenkenberg
• The
first
male
supermodel
• Renowned
for
his
sexy
Calvin
Klein
adverFsements
• 6
`
4
in
(1.93m)
• The
standard
of
a
muscular
good
looking
men
• A
conFnuaFon
of
the
tradiFonal
manhood
• Followed
by
Joel
West
who
shares
a
similar
look
• The
current
representaFon
of
the
muscular
handsome
look:
David
Gandy

Male models
Sean O’Pry
• GQ
style’s
2007
‘Man
for
the
Season’
• 6`
1in
(1.85m)
• The
metrosexual
look

Asian Models
• For
the
past
several
years,
fashion
has
started
to
embrace
East
Asian
models
as
countries
like
China
become
important
in
the
global
market
place.
• The
Asian
inspired
trend
was
strongest
at
labels
such
as
Haider
Ackermann
and
Prada.
Ackermann
showed
deep
hues
such
as
black
and
navy
on
lavish
and
tradiFonal
Asian
silhoue]es.
• RISE
OF
THE
ASIAN
MALE
SUPERMODEL

Asian Models
Liu Wen
• Liu ( born January 27, 1988) , is a Chinese
fashion model.
• She is the first model of East Asian descent to
walk the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show.
• In 2010, she became the first spokesmodel of
Asian descent for Estée Lauder.
• In 2012, The New York Times named her
"China’s first bona fide supermodel”.
• In 2013, she became the first Asian model to
ever make Forbes magazine's annual highest-paid
models list.
• In an April 2014 article about social media's rise
in the fashion industry, American Vogue
remarked that she had "by far, the biggest
social-media audience of any model”.
• Models.com dubbed her as the first ever Asian
"New Supermodel" in July 2014.
• And in October of the same year, Liu became
the first person in the world to showcase an
Apple Watch on a magazine cover when she
graced Vogue China's November 2014 issue.,
called it a “Zoolander moment.”

Soo Joo Park
• Soo Joo Park (born March 26, 1989 in Seoul,
South-Korea) is a professional fashion
model from South-Korea.
• With her signature bleached hair and
eccentric street style, Park is not your
average model.
• A favorite of Chanel, Jeremy Scott, and
Moschino, she was most recently featured
as one of the “It Girls” on MNET’s original
series “Alpha Girls”.
Asian Models

Conclusion
• In
the
fashion
industry,
fashion
modeling
is
o`en
used
as
a
type
of
adverFsing.
Models
are
o`en
featured
in
magazines
and
catalogs,
as
well
as
on
television
and
the
Internet
• Uniqueness
and
opportuniFes
are
the
keys
to
become
a
Supermodel
• Social
development
and
fashion
trends
co-‐relate
and
dictate
the
modeling
industry
•
Rise
of
Asian
models

References
• The
Model
as
Muse:
Embodying
Fashion
(Metropolitan
Museum
of
Art
)May
26,
2009
by
Harold
Koda
(Author),
Kohle
Yohannan
(Author)
• Derrick,
Robin
and
Muir,
Robin,
The
Faces
of
Fashion
Vogue
Model,
Li]le,
Brown
2013
• Mears,
Ashley,
Pricing
Beauty
-‐
The
ProducFon
of
Value
in
Fashion
Modeling
Markets,
ProQuest
LLC.
2009
• Salmon,
ChrisFan,
Kate
Moss
-‐
The
Making
of
An
Icon,
Harper
Collins
Publishers
2012
• h]p://www.ellecanada.com/celebrity/celebrity-‐style/25-‐most-‐popular-‐supermodels-‐of-‐all-‐Fme/a/
85070#ss-‐863-‐slide-‐25
• h]p://www.ellecanada.com/celebrity/celebrity-‐style/25-‐most-‐popular-‐supermodels-‐of-‐all-‐Fme/a/
85070#ss-‐863-‐slide-‐25
• h]p://www.mochimag.com/arFcle/the-‐seven-‐asian-‐models-‐taking-‐over-‐the-‐fashion-‐world
• h]p://www.niwdenapolis.com/2013/04/top-‐asian-‐male-‐models.html
• h]p://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gisele_B%C3%BCndchen
• h]p://book.douban.com/subject/3692411/
• h]p://hubpages.com/hub/The-‐Rise-‐and-‐Fall-‐of-‐the-‐Supermodel#

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