4. INTRODUCTION
The ability of individuals to
determine their family size and the
timing and spacing of their children
has resulted in significant
improvements in health and in social
and economic well-being (IOM,
1995).
5. INTRO. Conti.
According to the World Health Organization
(WHO), family planning is defined as “the ability
of individuals and couples to anticipate and
attain their desired number of children and the
spacing and timing of their births. It is
achieved through use of contraceptive
methods and the treatment of involuntary
infertility” (working definition used by the WHO
Department of Reproductive Health and Research
[WHO, 2008]).
6.
7.
8. Scope Of Family Planning
September 26 is designated as World Contraception Day,
devoted to raising awareness of contraception and
improving education about sexual and reproductive health,
with a vision of "a world where every pregnancy is wanted".
Family planning is not only about birth control, number,
spacing, and timing, but rather other aspects of family
planning aside from contraception which include:
9. Scope Of Family Planning Conti.
Infertility management
Proper spacing & limitation of birth
Advice on sterility
Education for parenthood
Sex education
Screening for pathological condition related to
reproductive system.
10. Scope Of Family Planning Conti.
Pre-conception counseling and management,
Genetic counseling
Premarital consultation and examination
Carrying out pregnancy test
Marriage counseling
Preparation of coupes for their arrival
of their first child
11. FAMILY PLANNING METHODS
There are many types of contraceptives available and many ways of
categorizing them.
Some of the common ways of categorizing contraceptive methods
is by looking at how often you need to remember to take or
use them (Duration), for example, there are short-term
contraceptives, long-acting reversible contraception methods and
irreversible contraception methods, by their mood of mechanism,
for example blocking (barrier), disabling semen, preventing
implantation of fertilized egg and suppressing hormones for
ovulation or by origin(sources), for example artificial (synthetic)
29. THE MEDICAL ELIGIBILITY
CRITERIA (MEC)
The Medical Eligibility Criteria (MEC) for contraceptive
use provides guidance regarding which clients can use
contraceptive methods safely.
It was developed in A FORM OF A WHEEL by the
World Health Organization with the primary aim of
guiding the selection of an effective and safe method
for clients with medical conditions.
30. The Medical Eligibility Criteria Wheel
This wheel contains the medical
eligibility criteria for starting use
of contraceptive methods, based
on Medical Eligibility Criteria for
Contraceptive Use, 5th edition
(2015), one of WHO’s evidence-
based guidelines.
31. Component of the Eligibility wheel
It guides family planning providers in
recommending safe and effective contraception
methods for women with medical conditions or
medically-relevant characteristics.
The wheel includes recommendations on initiating
use of nine common types of contraceptive
methods:
33. Component of the wheel
The wheel has four(4) essential
component, ie ; Outer Rim, Inner Disc,
Viewing slot and Interpretation
Outer Rim: This displays specific
medical conditions or characteristics
Inner Disc: This shows the various
contraceptive methods
34. Component of the wheel Conti.
Viewing slot: This has numbers
telling you whether the person who
has this known condition or
characteristic is able to start use of
the contraceptive method
Interpretation: This portion gives
the meaning of the numbers (1 to 4)
found in the viewing slot
35. COUNSELING ON FAMILY PLANNING
GATHER is an acronym used to remember the six steps
in counselling.
It stands for:
1. G - Greet,
2. A - Ask/Assess,
3. T - Tell,
With the “GATHER” in mind the following outlined
steps are commended:
4. H - Help,
5. E - Explain,
6. R - Return.
36. Step 1
Establish rapport;
I. Observe the client as he/she comes in and note the facial
expression and gait
II. Greet respectfully and with kindness
III. Introduce yourself and offer a seat.
IV. Ensure privacy and confidentiality
V. Establish purpose of visit
VI. Explain what to expect during visit
37. Step 2
Interview to obtain essential information;
a. Obtain and record history following national format in client's record card
b. Obtain the following information: personal data, social history, obstetric history,
menstrual history, medical/surgical history, contraceptive history and sexual
history
c. Find out what client knows about family planning methods
d. Give information on all available methods,
including their advantages and limitations
e. Counsel client’s preferred method
f. Explain the next steps to client
38. Step 3
Perform Assessments;
a. Perform the following based on
the method of choice and where
appropriate. Record Findings:
i. Vital sign check
ii. General Physical Examination
iii. Breast Examination
iv. Abdominal Examination
v. Pelvic Examination
vi. Inspection of External
Genitalia
vii. Speculum Examination
viii. Bimanual Examination
39. Step 4
Assist client to choose a method;
I. Review history, physical examination, laboratory
investigation (if any) findings.
II. Refer to WHO Medical Eligibility Criteria (MEC) if there
is a medical condition or characteristic
III. Explain and help client choose another method, if the
chosen method is not appropriate/suitable
40. Step 5
Provide method;
I. Be sure timing is correct and client is not pregnant
II. Explain the procedure to the client
III. Observe infection prevention procedures
IV. Prepare appropriate equipment (e.g., for sterile injection, intrauterine
device (IUD) or implant insertion)
V. Provide method following instructions for administration
VI. Review instructions for use of method
VII.Ask client to repeat instructions and fill in as necessary
41. Step 6
Schedule a follow-up visit;
I. Explain when routine visit takes place
II. Schedule the next visit
III. Remind client to visit anytime there is a concern
IV. Complete all records
V. Thank client
43. CONCLUSION
Family planning allow people to attain their desire number of children,
if any, and to determines the spacing of their pregnancies. It is
achieved through the use of contraceptive method and the treatment
of infertility.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC),
family planning is one of the 10 great public health achievements of
the twentieth century, on a par with such accomplishments as
vaccination and advances in motor vehicle safety (CDC, 1999).
44. REFERENCE
Family Planning, A Global Handbook For Providers, 2022
Edition.
http//Who.net/Health Topics/Contraception.
Health market innovations, Adolescent Friendly
Reproductive Health Services Program (AFRHS), 2004.
http//www.open.edu/dolescent-youth-reproductive-health-
module-ethiopian Federal Ministry of health.
Editor's Notes
UPA = ULIPRISTAL ACETATE
LNG = LEVONORGESTRAL
Combined pills, COC (low dose combined oral contraceptives, with ≤ 35μg ethinylestradiol).
Progestogen-only injectables, DMPA /NET-EN (depot medroxyprogesterone acetate intramuscular or subcutaneous or norethisteroneenantate intramuscular)
Progestogen-only implants, LNG/ETG (levonorgestrel etonogestrel)
