This document summarizes employment data in the renewable energy and energy efficiency sectors in the United States. It finds that in 2014, the renewable energy sector employed over 724,000 workers, with the largest subsectors being solar (174,000 jobs), wind (80,000 jobs), and biofuels (over 62,000 jobs from biodiesel alone). Energy efficiency is also a major employer, with the buildings sector projected to support over 2.3 million jobs in 2015. Overall, investments and policies that support renewable energy and energy efficiency are found to create substantial employment opportunities in the United States.
What does energy efficiency matter? Energy efficiency is the single most cost-effective way of lowering greenhouse gas emissions and an essential component of any strategy to reach long-term emission reduction goals. It also boosts economic productivity, improves energy security, reduces expenditure on fuels and energy infrastructure, reduces air pollution and develops the energy services industry.
If Australia improved its energy efficiency by just an extra one per cent each year it would generate an additional $8 billion in GDP by 2020 and $26 billion by 2030. This is an important contribution to improving Australia’s productivity, as well as cutting our energy bills and carbon pollution.
For more information please visit www.climateinstitute.org.au/boosting-australias-energy-productivity.html
This document summarizes a Google Hangout session on green jobs and the energy transition to sustainable development. The session included three presenters: Janine Finnell reviewed recent US studies and data on green jobs; Silvia Leahu-Aluas provided examples of green job successes in Midwest states like Iowa, Ohio, and Indiana; and Adriaan Kamp discussed international perspectives on green jobs and their relationship to energy transition, sustainable development, and economic growth. The discussion touched on topics like the challenges of climate change and employment, definitions of green jobs, US and international data sources, and examples of renewable energy job growth and economic development in the Midwest region.
Electricity consumption and household characteristics: Implications for censu...Ben Anderson
Presentation given at MRS Workshop "Can Big Data replace the Census? What does Big Data give us now?" , March 7, 2016, MRS, London (https://www.mrs.org.uk/event/conferences/can_big_data_replace_the_census/course/4088/id/10035)
Report, Review Of Green Job Estimations For CoWalmartCAN
This document summarizes and analyzes two reports on green jobs in Colorado from 2007. It finds that the reports estimated vastly different numbers of green jobs - 17,000 versus 91,000 - due to using different definitions and methodologies. The document also examines the top renewable energy and energy efficiency job categories in Colorado in 2007 and projections for 2030. Barriers and opportunities to green job growth in Colorado are discussed.
With conditions in the developed markets of Europe and North America likely to remain weak in the near term, business is increasingly looking to Asia for growth. Growth will not be uniform across sectors or even within them. Which subsectors will see the most dynamic growth? And what will drive it? Exports? Domestic sales? Technology? Innovation? Rising consumer incomes? What should companies be thinking about as they plan their Asia strategies for the next five to ten years?
The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), sponsored by InvestKL, developed the “industry dynamism” barometer to measure the resilience and growth potential of six industry sectors across Asia.
Review Of Green Job Estimations For Co (2)WalmartCAN
This document summarizes two reports on green jobs in Colorado from 2007. One report estimated around 17,000 green jobs, while the other estimated around 91,000 jobs, with the difference largely due to differing definitions of green jobs. The report with the higher estimate used a broader, occupational approach, while the lower estimate used a narrower industry approach. The report also breaks down the top renewable energy and energy efficiency jobs in Colorado, finding energy efficiency employed far more workers than renewable energy. The top renewable energy employer was the federal government, while the leading energy efficiency industry was recycling and waste management.
Energy Sources and the Production of Electricity in the United StatesDavid Manukjan
A 48 page paper that forecasts the total costs of energy sources used in the production of electricity in the United States, based on calculations of externality costs and market price per kWh. The paper also explores realistic energy distributions for electricity production that would lower carbon emissions, while taking into consideration economic, geographical, and political feasibility.
Energy Services Market: Conceptual Framework and Mechanism of FormingIJCMESJOURNAL
The energy services market is the youngest, compared to other types of energy markets, but also the most actively expanding worldwide in two priority areas: energy efficiency and renewable energy sources. At the same time, the incompleteness of the theoretical foundations substantially slows down its development. This paper provides an overview of the legal and regulatory frameworks associated with energy services market formation, brings together conceptual ideas and innovation studies from developed countries, and offers a theoretical foundations (model) of the energy services market formation based on the synergetic combination of energy systems requirements analysis and set theory. A new organizational structure of the energy services market clients’ interaction with energy-and-fuel markets, markets of energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies and markets of consumers, as well as a new organizational mechanism for supporting the effective functioning of the energy services market based on a system of corresponding equations are proposed. In general, the proposed framework allows the researchers and engineers to define in more depth and more clearly the system-coordinated pathways to improve the energy services market functioning.
What does energy efficiency matter? Energy efficiency is the single most cost-effective way of lowering greenhouse gas emissions and an essential component of any strategy to reach long-term emission reduction goals. It also boosts economic productivity, improves energy security, reduces expenditure on fuels and energy infrastructure, reduces air pollution and develops the energy services industry.
If Australia improved its energy efficiency by just an extra one per cent each year it would generate an additional $8 billion in GDP by 2020 and $26 billion by 2030. This is an important contribution to improving Australia’s productivity, as well as cutting our energy bills and carbon pollution.
For more information please visit www.climateinstitute.org.au/boosting-australias-energy-productivity.html
This document summarizes a Google Hangout session on green jobs and the energy transition to sustainable development. The session included three presenters: Janine Finnell reviewed recent US studies and data on green jobs; Silvia Leahu-Aluas provided examples of green job successes in Midwest states like Iowa, Ohio, and Indiana; and Adriaan Kamp discussed international perspectives on green jobs and their relationship to energy transition, sustainable development, and economic growth. The discussion touched on topics like the challenges of climate change and employment, definitions of green jobs, US and international data sources, and examples of renewable energy job growth and economic development in the Midwest region.
Electricity consumption and household characteristics: Implications for censu...Ben Anderson
Presentation given at MRS Workshop "Can Big Data replace the Census? What does Big Data give us now?" , March 7, 2016, MRS, London (https://www.mrs.org.uk/event/conferences/can_big_data_replace_the_census/course/4088/id/10035)
Report, Review Of Green Job Estimations For CoWalmartCAN
This document summarizes and analyzes two reports on green jobs in Colorado from 2007. It finds that the reports estimated vastly different numbers of green jobs - 17,000 versus 91,000 - due to using different definitions and methodologies. The document also examines the top renewable energy and energy efficiency job categories in Colorado in 2007 and projections for 2030. Barriers and opportunities to green job growth in Colorado are discussed.
With conditions in the developed markets of Europe and North America likely to remain weak in the near term, business is increasingly looking to Asia for growth. Growth will not be uniform across sectors or even within them. Which subsectors will see the most dynamic growth? And what will drive it? Exports? Domestic sales? Technology? Innovation? Rising consumer incomes? What should companies be thinking about as they plan their Asia strategies for the next five to ten years?
The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), sponsored by InvestKL, developed the “industry dynamism” barometer to measure the resilience and growth potential of six industry sectors across Asia.
Review Of Green Job Estimations For Co (2)WalmartCAN
This document summarizes two reports on green jobs in Colorado from 2007. One report estimated around 17,000 green jobs, while the other estimated around 91,000 jobs, with the difference largely due to differing definitions of green jobs. The report with the higher estimate used a broader, occupational approach, while the lower estimate used a narrower industry approach. The report also breaks down the top renewable energy and energy efficiency jobs in Colorado, finding energy efficiency employed far more workers than renewable energy. The top renewable energy employer was the federal government, while the leading energy efficiency industry was recycling and waste management.
Energy Sources and the Production of Electricity in the United StatesDavid Manukjan
A 48 page paper that forecasts the total costs of energy sources used in the production of electricity in the United States, based on calculations of externality costs and market price per kWh. The paper also explores realistic energy distributions for electricity production that would lower carbon emissions, while taking into consideration economic, geographical, and political feasibility.
Energy Services Market: Conceptual Framework and Mechanism of FormingIJCMESJOURNAL
The energy services market is the youngest, compared to other types of energy markets, but also the most actively expanding worldwide in two priority areas: energy efficiency and renewable energy sources. At the same time, the incompleteness of the theoretical foundations substantially slows down its development. This paper provides an overview of the legal and regulatory frameworks associated with energy services market formation, brings together conceptual ideas and innovation studies from developed countries, and offers a theoretical foundations (model) of the energy services market formation based on the synergetic combination of energy systems requirements analysis and set theory. A new organizational structure of the energy services market clients’ interaction with energy-and-fuel markets, markets of energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies and markets of consumers, as well as a new organizational mechanism for supporting the effective functioning of the energy services market based on a system of corresponding equations are proposed. In general, the proposed framework allows the researchers and engineers to define in more depth and more clearly the system-coordinated pathways to improve the energy services market functioning.
Werner - Emerging Energy Infrastructure Technologies: Opportunities and Imple...Environmental Initiative
The document discusses emerging energy infrastructure technologies and opportunities for implementation in Minnesota. It provides an overview of electricity sources and generation in MN, including goals for increasing renewable energy. Specific projects to expand transmission lines and increase distributed generation are mentioned. The document also discusses opportunities for local communities to develop local renewable resources, the economic and job benefits of different renewable technologies, and policies that can support renewable energy development.
This document provides an overview of waste-to-energy (WTE) facilities in the United States, including state profiles of top WTE states, incentives and concerns regarding WTE, and costs associated with building and operating WTE plants. Key details include Florida and New York having the most WTE facilities, incentives like tax credits and grants supporting renewable energy, concerns around emissions and permitting, and capital costs of around $200,000 per daily ton of waste processed.
Kapstein Executive Summary, Green Jobs In TexasWalmartCAN
This report analyzes green jobs in Texas and makes policy recommendations. It finds that estimates of current green jobs in Texas range widely from 800 to 4,800. The report estimates that under two scenarios, green jobs in Texas could increase by 137,000-165,000 by 2012. It recommends that Texas provide stronger incentives for green industries, ensure workforce training, increase sustainability research, and promote itself as a global green leader to capture more green jobs.
The document provides an overview of the waste-to-energy market in the United States. It discusses key facts about waste generation and processing. It also reviews the costs of different thermal technologies and notes that some major urban areas have run out of landfill space. Additionally, the document examines opportunities for investors in areas like upgrading facilities to produce end-use products and notes several barriers that obstruct investment in the waste-to-energy industry.
The document discusses energy efficiency and the Alliance to Save Energy. It notes that the Alliance is a non-profit organization led by a Senator and utility CEO that includes members of Congress and leaders from various sectors. The Alliance works across all economic sectors on initiatives to advance energy efficiency through research, advocacy, education, technology deployment, and communications. The document summarizes that improving energy efficiency is important given tight global energy supplies, growing demand, and concerns over climate change and the unsustainability of business as usual approaches. Energy efficiency is described as cheaper, quicker, cleaner, and more secure than other energy resources.
The document discusses how government CIOs can help make Canada a world leader in the next industrial transformation by building a zero carbon economy through information and communication technologies (ICT). It outlines challenges like rising ICT carbon emissions and costs of carbon taxes. It proposes using ICT and new network architectures that follow renewable energy sources to provide reliable services and share infrastructure costs. This could create economic benefits while helping transition to renewable energy and a carbon-positive economy through "gCommerce" rewards rather than taxes.
ICT and Climate Change Beijing 22nd April2011Andrew Mitchell
The document discusses the challenges of climate change and the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in addressing these challenges. It outlines three key roles for ICT: 1) Reducing the carbon footprint of the ICT industry itself; 2) Using informatics to analyze and understand climate change; and 3) Enabling efficiency through applications like dematerialization, smart motor systems, logistics, buildings, and grids. The document also notes that while ICT has potential to help, the industry must show urgency and commitment to deliver on reducing emissions.
Energy efficiency has become a major energy resource in the United States, reducing energy use and costs. Through policies and programs since 1990, energy efficiency is now the third largest electricity resource in the US, greater than nuclear power. If energy efficiency continued to be supported and expanded, it could become the largest electricity resource by 2030, providing one-third of total generation and avoiding the need for capacity from hundreds of additional power plants. Energy efficiency investments have saved customers and the environment billions while creating jobs and advancing technologies.
The Role of ICT in Carbon Management & FinanceAndrew Mitchell
The document introduces the Edinburgh Centre on Climate Change (ECCC), a partnership between three universities in Edinburgh, Scotland. The ECCC aims to bring together experts from different sectors to help deliver a low carbon economy. It will have both a virtual information hub and a physical space. The ECCC focuses on areas like renewable energy, carbon capture and storage, and the role of information and communication technologies in carbon management and finance.
The document provides an overview of the waste-to-energy industry in the United States, including key facts about market opportunities and technologies. It discusses the types of facilities used, conversion processes like combustion and gasification, inputs and commercial opportunities. The document also profiles companies in the industry and reviews factors like incentives, concerns, costs and the regulatory environment. It aims to give investors an outlook on market trends and potential areas for investment.
Increasing Investment and Capital Flows in MarylandScott Clausen
Renewable energy, especially wind and solar, has grown significantly in Maryland due to policies like the state's Renewable Portfolio Standard. This growth has attracted $1.4 billion in investment since 2008 and led to over 700 MW of installed renewable capacity. Further increasing the RPS to 25% by 2020 could result in an additional $8.22 billion in investment and economic activity, creating thousands of jobs and millions in economic impact for the state.
The document discusses the potential impacts of information and communication technologies (ICT) on climate change and the environment. It notes that ICT carbon emissions are growing rapidly and could match the aviation industry's emissions by 2020 if no action is taken. However, ICT also provides an opportunity to build a zero-carbon economy if infrastructure like data centers, networks, and devices are designed to be more energy efficient and powered by renewable energy. The document advocates transitioning to an "information internet" model that relies more on cloud services and content distribution networks rather than traditional end-to-end connectivity.
L. Hunter Lovins at the Iowa Environmental Council's annual conferenceiaenvironment
L. Hunter Lovins delivered the keynote address at the Iowa Environmental Council's annual conference, "Finding Iowa's Way: Economic Solutions for a Healthier Environment," held October 4, 2012, in Des Moines.
A chronology in pictures and charts of selected developments in climate, ener...Jeremy Leggett
One person’s collated precis-for-the-busy of the last three months in the related dramas of climate change, energy transition, big tech and the future of civilisation.
The slideshow is derived, as ever, from entries in the Future Today chronology. Those who would like the original powerpoint, with source urls as notes, can find it – with all the other source files, for free use – in the folder linked to from my website www.jeremyleggett.net.
Universities and research networks can play a leadership role in reducing CO2 emissions. Drastic reductions are needed to limit global warming, and information and communication technologies (ICT) are both a contributor and an enabler of reductions. While ICT accounts for 2-3% of emissions, it could enable reductions five times larger in other sectors through applications like smart grids and buildings. Universities produce significant emissions and must inventory and reduce their carbon footprints to avoid future costs. ICT infrastructure itself must transition to renewable energy to support future needs while remaining carbon neutral.
Investment on the global energy transition: a report from the front lines as ...Jeremy Leggett
A global energy transition is underway: a system change driven by exponential growth in clean-energy technologies. But there is an investment gap. Much will depend on closing it. What will happen next?
This presentation was the keynote for Business Green's 2019 Tech and Investment Forum.
This document summarizes a research paper that examines the relationships between electric power consumption, foreign direct investment (FDI), and economic growth in India and Pakistan from 1975-2008. For India, the findings indicate long-run causal relationships where electric power consumption and FDI boost economic growth, and electric power consumption and economic growth impact FDI. For Pakistan, the findings show foreign investment and economic growth cause electric power consumption in the long run. The study adds to the limited literature on the electricity consumption-FDI-economic growth nexus and provides a comparative analysis of the results for India and Pakistan.
This document summarizes an exploratory study on the interaction between Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification and the implementation of the EU Timber Regulation (EUTR) in Romania. It finds that FSC certification has helped companies in Romania prepare for and comply with EUTR requirements, particularly around implementing due diligence systems for assessing and mitigating timber legality risks. However, challenges remain regarding costs, lack of information, and establishing effective due diligence systems in the absence of monitoring organizations. The recent growth in FSC chain-of-custody certification in Romania has also likely been influenced by EUTR, but certification alone does not guarantee full compliance with EUTR or improved sustainable forest management.
Sudhakar Nakka is seeking a challenging career in analytical research and development. He has a Master's degree in Pharmacy and over 3 years of work experience in analytical development at Cadila Healthcare. His experience includes handling instruments like HPLC, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, and dissolution apparatus. He is proficient in Microsoft Office and seeks an opportunity to enhance his skills and contribute meaningfully to a progressive organization.
Werner - Emerging Energy Infrastructure Technologies: Opportunities and Imple...Environmental Initiative
The document discusses emerging energy infrastructure technologies and opportunities for implementation in Minnesota. It provides an overview of electricity sources and generation in MN, including goals for increasing renewable energy. Specific projects to expand transmission lines and increase distributed generation are mentioned. The document also discusses opportunities for local communities to develop local renewable resources, the economic and job benefits of different renewable technologies, and policies that can support renewable energy development.
This document provides an overview of waste-to-energy (WTE) facilities in the United States, including state profiles of top WTE states, incentives and concerns regarding WTE, and costs associated with building and operating WTE plants. Key details include Florida and New York having the most WTE facilities, incentives like tax credits and grants supporting renewable energy, concerns around emissions and permitting, and capital costs of around $200,000 per daily ton of waste processed.
Kapstein Executive Summary, Green Jobs In TexasWalmartCAN
This report analyzes green jobs in Texas and makes policy recommendations. It finds that estimates of current green jobs in Texas range widely from 800 to 4,800. The report estimates that under two scenarios, green jobs in Texas could increase by 137,000-165,000 by 2012. It recommends that Texas provide stronger incentives for green industries, ensure workforce training, increase sustainability research, and promote itself as a global green leader to capture more green jobs.
The document provides an overview of the waste-to-energy market in the United States. It discusses key facts about waste generation and processing. It also reviews the costs of different thermal technologies and notes that some major urban areas have run out of landfill space. Additionally, the document examines opportunities for investors in areas like upgrading facilities to produce end-use products and notes several barriers that obstruct investment in the waste-to-energy industry.
The document discusses energy efficiency and the Alliance to Save Energy. It notes that the Alliance is a non-profit organization led by a Senator and utility CEO that includes members of Congress and leaders from various sectors. The Alliance works across all economic sectors on initiatives to advance energy efficiency through research, advocacy, education, technology deployment, and communications. The document summarizes that improving energy efficiency is important given tight global energy supplies, growing demand, and concerns over climate change and the unsustainability of business as usual approaches. Energy efficiency is described as cheaper, quicker, cleaner, and more secure than other energy resources.
The document discusses how government CIOs can help make Canada a world leader in the next industrial transformation by building a zero carbon economy through information and communication technologies (ICT). It outlines challenges like rising ICT carbon emissions and costs of carbon taxes. It proposes using ICT and new network architectures that follow renewable energy sources to provide reliable services and share infrastructure costs. This could create economic benefits while helping transition to renewable energy and a carbon-positive economy through "gCommerce" rewards rather than taxes.
ICT and Climate Change Beijing 22nd April2011Andrew Mitchell
The document discusses the challenges of climate change and the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in addressing these challenges. It outlines three key roles for ICT: 1) Reducing the carbon footprint of the ICT industry itself; 2) Using informatics to analyze and understand climate change; and 3) Enabling efficiency through applications like dematerialization, smart motor systems, logistics, buildings, and grids. The document also notes that while ICT has potential to help, the industry must show urgency and commitment to deliver on reducing emissions.
Energy efficiency has become a major energy resource in the United States, reducing energy use and costs. Through policies and programs since 1990, energy efficiency is now the third largest electricity resource in the US, greater than nuclear power. If energy efficiency continued to be supported and expanded, it could become the largest electricity resource by 2030, providing one-third of total generation and avoiding the need for capacity from hundreds of additional power plants. Energy efficiency investments have saved customers and the environment billions while creating jobs and advancing technologies.
The Role of ICT in Carbon Management & FinanceAndrew Mitchell
The document introduces the Edinburgh Centre on Climate Change (ECCC), a partnership between three universities in Edinburgh, Scotland. The ECCC aims to bring together experts from different sectors to help deliver a low carbon economy. It will have both a virtual information hub and a physical space. The ECCC focuses on areas like renewable energy, carbon capture and storage, and the role of information and communication technologies in carbon management and finance.
The document provides an overview of the waste-to-energy industry in the United States, including key facts about market opportunities and technologies. It discusses the types of facilities used, conversion processes like combustion and gasification, inputs and commercial opportunities. The document also profiles companies in the industry and reviews factors like incentives, concerns, costs and the regulatory environment. It aims to give investors an outlook on market trends and potential areas for investment.
Increasing Investment and Capital Flows in MarylandScott Clausen
Renewable energy, especially wind and solar, has grown significantly in Maryland due to policies like the state's Renewable Portfolio Standard. This growth has attracted $1.4 billion in investment since 2008 and led to over 700 MW of installed renewable capacity. Further increasing the RPS to 25% by 2020 could result in an additional $8.22 billion in investment and economic activity, creating thousands of jobs and millions in economic impact for the state.
The document discusses the potential impacts of information and communication technologies (ICT) on climate change and the environment. It notes that ICT carbon emissions are growing rapidly and could match the aviation industry's emissions by 2020 if no action is taken. However, ICT also provides an opportunity to build a zero-carbon economy if infrastructure like data centers, networks, and devices are designed to be more energy efficient and powered by renewable energy. The document advocates transitioning to an "information internet" model that relies more on cloud services and content distribution networks rather than traditional end-to-end connectivity.
L. Hunter Lovins at the Iowa Environmental Council's annual conferenceiaenvironment
L. Hunter Lovins delivered the keynote address at the Iowa Environmental Council's annual conference, "Finding Iowa's Way: Economic Solutions for a Healthier Environment," held October 4, 2012, in Des Moines.
A chronology in pictures and charts of selected developments in climate, ener...Jeremy Leggett
One person’s collated precis-for-the-busy of the last three months in the related dramas of climate change, energy transition, big tech and the future of civilisation.
The slideshow is derived, as ever, from entries in the Future Today chronology. Those who would like the original powerpoint, with source urls as notes, can find it – with all the other source files, for free use – in the folder linked to from my website www.jeremyleggett.net.
Universities and research networks can play a leadership role in reducing CO2 emissions. Drastic reductions are needed to limit global warming, and information and communication technologies (ICT) are both a contributor and an enabler of reductions. While ICT accounts for 2-3% of emissions, it could enable reductions five times larger in other sectors through applications like smart grids and buildings. Universities produce significant emissions and must inventory and reduce their carbon footprints to avoid future costs. ICT infrastructure itself must transition to renewable energy to support future needs while remaining carbon neutral.
Investment on the global energy transition: a report from the front lines as ...Jeremy Leggett
A global energy transition is underway: a system change driven by exponential growth in clean-energy technologies. But there is an investment gap. Much will depend on closing it. What will happen next?
This presentation was the keynote for Business Green's 2019 Tech and Investment Forum.
This document summarizes a research paper that examines the relationships between electric power consumption, foreign direct investment (FDI), and economic growth in India and Pakistan from 1975-2008. For India, the findings indicate long-run causal relationships where electric power consumption and FDI boost economic growth, and electric power consumption and economic growth impact FDI. For Pakistan, the findings show foreign investment and economic growth cause electric power consumption in the long run. The study adds to the limited literature on the electricity consumption-FDI-economic growth nexus and provides a comparative analysis of the results for India and Pakistan.
This document summarizes an exploratory study on the interaction between Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification and the implementation of the EU Timber Regulation (EUTR) in Romania. It finds that FSC certification has helped companies in Romania prepare for and comply with EUTR requirements, particularly around implementing due diligence systems for assessing and mitigating timber legality risks. However, challenges remain regarding costs, lack of information, and establishing effective due diligence systems in the absence of monitoring organizations. The recent growth in FSC chain-of-custody certification in Romania has also likely been influenced by EUTR, but certification alone does not guarantee full compliance with EUTR or improved sustainable forest management.
Sudhakar Nakka is seeking a challenging career in analytical research and development. He has a Master's degree in Pharmacy and over 3 years of work experience in analytical development at Cadila Healthcare. His experience includes handling instruments like HPLC, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, and dissolution apparatus. He is proficient in Microsoft Office and seeks an opportunity to enhance his skills and contribute meaningfully to a progressive organization.
The National Aquarium in Baltimore is considering retiring its eight dolphins to an ocean-side sanctuary based on research showing dolphins have complex cognitive and social behaviors. Representative Tony Cárdenas and his staff will participate in Meatless Mondays to encourage healthier eating. South Dakota became the 50th state to establish felony penalties for malicious animal cruelty. Porsche urged dealers to exclude live tiger cubs from car promotions after concerns about animal welfare and public safety.
The document provides information about Ryan Shak's Innermetrix Values Index report. It discusses the seven dimensions of value and motivation measured by the Index, which are based on the research of Drs. Eduard Spranger and Gordon Allport. The report analyzes Ryan's individual scores on each of the seven dimensions - Aesthetic, Economic, Individualistic, Political, Altruistic, Regulatory, and Theoretical - and provides insights into his motivators, strengths, areas for development, and how to maximize his performance based on his values.
Anastasia Lambe has over 20 years of experience in information technology roles including project management, training, desktop support, and administrative coordination. She has an Associate's Degree in Networking and holds several certifications including MCP, CCNA, A+, and Network+. Her career highlights include awards for outstanding service from both MCG School of Nursing and Fidelity Information Services. She is currently a Program/Project Manager at FIS where she leads technical implementations and conversions while maintaining client relationships.
Este documento explora la posibilidad de vivir sin papel y los beneficios de hacer la transición a documentos digitales. Se mencionan varias formas en que las personas y empresas ya están adoptando formatos digitales para recibos, billetes, entradas y más. Aunque hay ventajas como ahorro de costos y beneficios ambientales al eliminar el papel, también es importante tomar precauciones como hacer copias de seguridad de los documentos digitales y usar contraseñas seguras.
Este documento describe un estudio que analiza la relación entre la altura y el peso de un grupo de sujetos. Se utilizan pruebas estadísticas en R para determinar si las variables siguen una distribución normal y qué tipo de correlación existe entre ellas. Los resultados muestran que la altura y el peso no siguen una distribución normal y que existe una correlación positiva entre ambas variables.
The document outlines statistics on clean energy jobs in the United States according to a report, including that there are currently over 3 million Americans working in clean and renewable energy industries such as solar, wind, geothermal, and more. California has the most new clean energy jobs announced in 2012. Specific statistics are provided on the number of jobs in various clean energy sectors such as solar, wind, biofuels, green building, and more.
Renewable energy employed an estimated 7.7 million people worldwide in 2014, an 18% increase over the previous year's estimate. Solar PV was the largest employer with 2.5 million jobs, led by China with 1.6 million solar PV jobs. Liquid biofuels employed nearly 1.8 million globally, while wind power employment crossed 1 million jobs for the first time. For the first time, IRENA also estimated large hydropower to support approximately 1.5 million direct jobs. China, Brazil, the United States, India and Germany remained the top countries for renewable energy employment.
Renewable energy employment reached an estimated 7.7 million jobs in 2014, an 18% increase from the previous year's estimate. Solar PV accounted for the most jobs with 2.5 million, followed by liquid biofuels with 1.8 million jobs and wind power with over 1 million jobs. China had the most renewable energy jobs of any country with an estimated 3.4 million jobs, driven primarily by strong solar PV, wind, and solar heating and cooling industries.
DO GREEN PROGRAMS CREATE JOBS OR DESTROY JOBS?AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: Green jobs are of intense interest in the USA – especially the issue of net job creation: Do
green programs create jobs or destroy jobs?We determine that there are two issues: 1) the issue of when
investing a specified amount in a green jobs initiative, how many jobs are created compared to investing the
same amount in other programs; 2) the issue of whether the creation of jobs via green initiatives destroys “nongreen” jobs.Here we address thesecritical questions by analyzing the major studies conducted. We find that
there are numerous studies finding both that green programs create jobs and that green programs destroy jobs.
Nevertheless, we conclude, with caveats, that rigorous review of the existing research indicates that investments
in environmental and green economy programs will likely have substantial net positive impacts on the economy
and jobs. We caution that the net positive economic and jobs impacts, while significant for policy purposes,
should not obscure the fact that the major purpose of these programs is the energy and environmental and
benefits they will create -- jobs benefits are an important secondary benefit, but must be evaluated as such.
KEY WORDS: green jobs; USA green jobs; net green jobs; green jobs creation; green jobs vs. non-green
jobs
Global renewable energy employment increased to 8.1 million jobs in 2015, up 5% from 2014. Solar PV was the largest employer with 2.8 million jobs, an 11% increase, followed by liquid biofuels at 1.7 million jobs (down 6% due to mechanization). Wind power employment rose 5% to reach 1.1 million jobs on record installations in China, the US, and Germany. Asia accounted for 60% of renewable energy jobs as markets and manufacturing continued shifting to the region, led by China as the largest employer across many technologies.
The document discusses green jobs and training programs to support the growth of green jobs. It provides examples of successful green jobs training programs, including those run by Red Rocks Community College in Colorado and SEIU 32BJ in New York City. It also outlines partnerships between the Departments of Labor, Housing and Urban Development, Energy, and Education to connect workers with green job opportunities and training using Recovery Act funds. The task force aims to ensure the middle class benefits from and is strengthened by the growing clean energy economy.
Jurnal Internasional – Dampak Energi Terbarukan Terhadap Ketenagakerjaan di I...Dani Gunawan
Sebuah permintaan global untuk energi telah memaksa banyak negara untuk mencari energi alternatif dan terbarukan . Efek diantisipasi pengembangan terbarukan adalah peningkatan lapangan kerja sebagai bagian dari penciptaan lapangan pekerjaan hijau baru , manfaat besar bagi Indonesia untuk mengatasi tingkat pengangguran yang tinggi . Makalah ini menjelaskan dampak pengembangan energi terbarukan pada penciptaan lapangan kerja di Indonesia .
This document reviews literature on jobs created by renewable and sustainable energy technologies. It aims to select an appropriate methodology, collect comprehensive data, and provide rankings of job creation estimates for various technologies in job-years per gigawatt-hour generated. The review finds that investments in solar PV, landfill gas, and offshore wind create the most jobs, while fossil fuel alternatives like coal and natural gas create the least. It recommends further research on variations in job creation estimates and the types of jobs created.
For my business communications class we had to write a business article. Clean energy and economics have always interested me, turns out they go together more than we thought.
America is the second largest contributor of energy pollution after China. Economic growth leads to increased energy consumption and pollution for countries. However, clean energy may stimulate economies in ways traditional energy does not. Investing in clean energy creates more jobs than investing equally in fossil fuels or the military. Shifting some investment away from traditional energy and into clean energy and education would boost employment while reducing pollution.
Relatório da indústria de energia no estado de Nova IorqueMauricioBemfica1
This document provides an executive summary of the 2022 New York Clean Energy Industry Report. Some key findings from the report include:
- Clean energy employment in New York reached a record high of over 165,000 jobs in 2021, recovering fully from pandemic losses in 2020 and exceeding pre-pandemic levels.
- The clean energy sector rebounded faster than other major industries like healthcare and education.
- Nearly all clean energy technology sectors like renewable power generation, alternative transportation, and energy storage exceeded pre-pandemic employment levels by the end of 2021.
- The alternative transportation sector grew by over 26% between 2020-2021, driven largely by gains in hybrid and electric vehicles.
- Solar and
This document summarizes arguments against wind energy, including:
1) Wind energy relies heavily on government subsidies and does not make economic sense without them.
2) For every "green job" created by wind energy, several jobs are lost elsewhere in the economy due to higher energy costs.
3) Models used to predict job creation from wind overestimate jobs and fail to account for job losses in other sectors.
The Global Survey of the Electrical Energy Distribution System: A ReviewIJECEIAES
This paper gives a review of energy scenario in India and other countries. Today’s demand of the world is to minimize greenhouse gas emissions, during the production of electricity. Henceforth over the world, the production of electrical power is changing by introducing abundantly available renewable energy sources like sun and wind. But, because of the intermittent nature of sustainable power sources, the electrical power network faces many problems, during the transmission and distribution of electricity. For resolving these issues, Electrical Energy Storage (EES) is acknowledged as supporting technology. This paper discusses about the world electrical energy scenario with top renowned developed countries in power generation and consumption. Contribution of traditional power sources changed after the introduction of renewable energy sources like sun and wind. Worldwide Agencies are formed like International Energy Agency (IEA), The Central Intelligence Agency, (CIS) etc. The main aim of these agencies is to provide reliable, affordable and clean energy. This paper will discuss about the regulatory authority and government policies/incentives taken by different countries. At the end of this paper, author focuses on obstacles in implementation, development and benefits of renewable energy.
Study of Construction Employment in Marcellus Shale Related Oil and Gas IndustryMarcellus Drilling News
A study authored by the director of the labor education program at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Dr. Robert Bruno, titled "Study of Construction Employment in Marcellus Shale Related Oil and Gas Industry." The study looks at natural gas/Marcellus Shale employment data from 2008-2014 for parts of OH, PA, and WV. The study found that the number of jobs for electricians, plumbers, welders, equipment operators and laborers--skilled people who work with their hands--went through the roof because of the Marcellus Shale.
Factors Affecting the Rise of Renewable Energy in the U.S. .docxmydrynan
Factors Affecting the Rise of Renewable Energy in the U.S.:
Concern over Environmental Quality or Rising Unemployment?
Adrienne M. Ohler*
A B S T R A C T
This paper studies the development of renewable energy (RE) in the U.S. by
examining the capacity to generate electricity from renewable sources. RE ca
pacity exhibits a U-shaped relationship with per capita income, similar to other
metrics for environmental quality (EQ). To explain this phenomenon, I consider
several of the environmental Kuznets curve theories that describe the relationship
between income and environmental quality (Y-EQ), including evolving property
rights, increased demand for improved EQ, and changing economic composition.
The results fail to provide support for the Y-EQ theories. I further consider the
alternative hypothesis that increases in unemployment lead to increases in relative
RE capacity, suggesting that promoting RE projects as a potential job creator is
one of the main drivers of RE projects. The results imply that lagged unemploy
ment is a significant predictor of relative RE capacity, particularly for states with
a large manufacturing share of GDR
Keywords: Renewable energy, Environmental quality, Environmental Kuznets
curve, Electricity mix, Transition, Unemployment
http://dx.doi.Org/10.5547/01956574.36.2.5
1. INTRODUCTION
This paper analyzes the transition between renewable and nonrenewable energy sources
by empirically examining the relationship between per capita income and the relative use of RE
sources. Schmalensee, Stoker, and Judson (1998) stress that examining this relationship is important
to understanding whether energy transitions are due to fundamental economic trends or environ
mental policy. Using 1990-2008 state level panel data from the U.S. electricity market, I examine
two measures of relative RE use: the percent of capacity that utilizes RE sources and the devel
opment of RE capacity, defined as the change in the percent of RE capacity. The basic regression
results report a U-shaped relationship between income and RE capacity.
Literature on the empirical relationship between renewable energy (RE) and income typ
ically finds a positive relationship. Research on an individual’s willingness-to-pay (WTP) for RE
suggests that demand for RE increases with income. Bollino (2009) shows that high income indi
viduals are willing to pay more for electricity from RE, and Long (1993) presents results that suggest
high-income individuals spend more on RE investments. Oliver, Volschenk, and Smit (2011) study
the developing country of South Africa and also find a positive link between household income
and WTP for green electricity. On a more aggregate level, Carley (2009) finds evidence that the
percentage of RE generation increases with a state’s Gross State Product, and Burke (2010) finds
that the share of electricity generation from wind, and biomass electricity increases with per capita
* Illinois State University ...
OverviewIntroduction to WeatherizationPeople are using more en.docxalfred4lewis58146
This document provides an overview of weatherization and energy efficiency. It discusses how buildings consume a large amount of energy and resources. It describes the Department of Energy's Weatherization Assistance Program established in 1976 to help low-income families make their homes more energy efficient. The document outlines the purpose and goals of conducting an energy audit to evaluate a home's energy usage and recommend efficiency upgrades. It also describes various organizations and standards involved in green building, energy efficiency certification, and rating home energy performance.
Increasing Investment and Capital Flows in Illinois - 12.8.2015 FinalScott Clausen
The document discusses Illinois' Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) which has driven over $9 billion in investment and created a robust renewable energy industry in the state. It notes that while the RPS spurred initial growth, with over 3,700 MW of wind and 55 MW of solar constructed, no new wind development occurred in 2013-2014 and little solar due to issues with the RPS law. To maintain momentum, it recommends amending the RPS to allow better long-term contracting, which could result in over $5.9 billion in additional economic activity through full compliance.
The document summarizes a report on solar jobs in California in 2013. It finds that California had 47,223 solar workers as of November 2013, concentrated in the San Francisco Bay Area and Southern California. Solar employers in California expect to add 10,500 new solar jobs, a growth rate of 22.3%, by November 2014. California has been a leader in solar energy and jobs due to its renewable energy policies like renewable portfolio standards and solar rebate programs, which have led to over 10,000 MW of installed solar capacity, over 40% of the US total.
Telework makes a significant positive impact on the environment, provides for business continuity, and adds workforce that might not otherwise contribute to the economy. This paper details why telecommuting is not only attractive, it argues that it is an imperative.
A Comparative Analysis of Renewable Energy Policies and its Impact on Economi...ssuser793b4e
Renewable energy has been identified as a critical component of
global efforts to address climate change, enhance energy security, and foster
sustainable economic growth. As a result, many countries have implemented
renewable energy policies to promote the development and deployment of
renewable energy technologies. However, the impact of these policies on
economic growth remains a subject of debate. This article provides a
comparative analysis of renewable energy policies and their impact on
economic growth. The study employs a systematic review of the literature and
utilizes qualitative and quantitative methods to compare renewable energy
policies and their economic impacts across different countries. The findings
suggest that the impact of renewable energy policies on economic growth
varies across countries and is influenced by factors such as policy design,
institutional context, and economic structure. This research article finally,
examined the challenges associated with implementing renewable energy
policies, analyzed the implications of the findings for policymakers and
further gave some potential solutions that will help the policymakers and
future researchers
A Comparative Analysis of Renewable Energy Policies and its Impact on Economi...
FactSheet_REEE_Jobs_110615
1. EESI 1112 16th Street, NW, Suite 300 Washington, DC 20036 (202) 628-1400 www.eesi.org
Jobs in Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency
November 2015
This fact sheet examines employment in the renewable energy and energy efficiency sectors in the United
States and around the world. The job figures cited below are sourced from the U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE), as well as international organizations, national non-profits, think tanks and national trade associations.
Due to the lack of a single body conducting job surveys, EESI has collected information from a number of
sources which employ different research methodologies and different job definitions in their work. This makes
it somewhat problematic to compare job estimates directly. In addition, EESI must occasionally refer to reports
that are somewhat dated, due to a lack of more recently released information. This fact sheet represents a
best effort to survey the status of renewable energy and energy efficiency jobs from the data that is publicly
available.
CLEAN ENERGY JOBS IN THE UNITED STATES
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) defines a green job as either “jobs in businesses that produce goods
and provide services that benefit the environment or conserve natural resources” or as “jobs in which workers'
duties involve making their establishment's production processes more environmentally friendly or use fewer
natural resources.”1
These definitions include employment in 1) renewable energy; 2) energy efficiency; 3)
pollution reduction and removal, greenhouse gas reduction, and recycling and reuse; 4) natural resource
conservation; and 5) environmental compliance, education and training, and public awareness.2
In Fiscal Year 2010, the Bureau of Labor Statistics began collecting data for green jobs, as a way of measuring
progress in green technology. Unfortunately, in March of 2013 the Administration ordered across-the-board
spending cuts as a result of the amended Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act, causing BLS to
eliminate the Green Careers program, and thereby the green job statistics.3
The program has not resumed.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY EMPLOYMENT
The following sections provide employment assessments by government agencies, nonprofits and industry
groups for the energy efficiency and renewable energy sectors. Many of the assessments include direct
employment (directly related to on-site operations), indirect employment (resulting from the supply of
materials to on-site operations), and induced employment (employment that arises from the generation of
revenue by the direct and indirect workers). Data collection methodologies and specific job categorizations
differ between assessments, because the information for each sector was collected from different sources.
The Ecotech Institute used the Bureau of Labor Statistics definition of a green job to calculate the number of
clean job openings in 2014. The organization found a 13 percent increase in clean job openings from 2013 to
2014, from 3.6 million clean job openings in 2013 to 3.8 million openings in 2014.4, 5
The institute estimates
that there were 1.2 million clean job openings in the first three months of 2015.6
2. EESI 1112 16th Street, NW, Suite 300 Washington, DC 20036 (202) 628-1400 www.eesi.org
Energy Efficiency
The American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (ACEEE) is currently working on a new estimate for
energy efficiency jobs in the United States, following a review of the methodologies that can used to measure
such jobs.7
Its last analysis dates to 2010, when ACEEE estimated there were 830,000 energy efficiency jobs in
the United States, and predicted numbers were increasing at a three percent annual rate.8
ACEEE also stated
that if the United States were to invest whole-heartedly in energy efficiency, especially new technologies, there
could be a net increase of 1.3 to 1.9 million jobs in energy efficiency industries by 2050.9
Appliances: According to Environmental Entrepreneurs (E2), as of 2010 federal appliance standards had
generated a total of 340,000 jobs. E2 predicts this number will come close to 380,000 by 2030.10
E2 also
reported that in the first quarter of 2015, 200 new jobs were announced in lighting efficiency.11
Buildings: According to a U.S. Green Building Council study conducted by Booz Allen Hamilton, during 2015 the
U.S. green building sector will support over 2.3 million jobs. The study also found that green buildings will
support more than 3.3 million jobs by 2018, equivalent to one-third of all U.S. construction jobs.12
Consulting
firm McKinsey calculated that an additional 600,000 to 900,000 jobs could be created in buildings efficiency
between 2009 and 2020.13
Public Transportation: According to Environmental Entrepreneurs' annual jobs reports, in 2013, newly
announced projects created 6,900 jobs, projects under construction created 2,749 jobs, and projects in
operation created 1,800 jobs, for a total of 11,449 new jobs.14
In 2014, 2,000 new jobs were announced.15
Smart Grid and Demand Management: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) calculated that the smart grid
program, part of the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, supported a minimum of 47,000 jobs.16
Environmental Entrepreneurs found that in 2013, there were 8,765 new jobs in smart grid/transmission.17
Vehicles: To estimate green jobs in the car industry, Environmental Entrepreneurs focuses on “electric and
hybrid vehicle manufacturing and vehicle fuel efficiency manufacturing projects.” The organization estimates
that in 2013, new projects created 1,680 jobs, projects under construction created 100 jobs, and projects in
operation created 612 jobs, for a total of 2,392 new jobs.18
In 2014, E2 found 9,020 additional jobs were
announced,19
and in the first quarter of 2015, 300 new jobs were announced.20
Renewable Energy
According to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), renewable energy employment in the United
States reached 724,000 jobs in 2014, a 16 percent increase from the previous year (IRENA does not include
large-scale hydropower in their estimates).21
Biogas: Although there is no data for total employment in biogas, E2 found that 125 new jobs were announced
at the end of 2014.22
A different E2 report detailed that 60 new jobs were announced in the first quarter of
2015.23
In 2014, the American Biogas Council found 2,000 biogas systems in operation in the United States, and
reported there is a market potential for 12,000 new systems. They determined these new systems could create
300,000 construction jobs and 20,000 permanent jobs.24
Biomass: According to IRENA, the United States currently employs a total of 152,000 direct and indirect
workers in the biomass industry. 25
The Biomass Power Association calculates that each biomass facility
supports up to four jobs per megawatt (MW), with two jobs inside the plant and two working on the “collection,
handling, and transportation of the organic fuels used by the plants.”26
3. EESI 1112 16th Street, NW, Suite 300 Washington, DC 20036 (202) 628-1400 www.eesi.org
Fuel Cells: In 2011, Fuel Cells 2000 found that the fuel cell industry was supporting 10,845 jobs, of which 3,615
were direct and 7,230 were indirect.27
While concrete data from 2012 and 2013 is unavailable, E2 found that
222 jobs in this industry were announced in 2014 and 550 new jobs were announced during the first quarter
of 2015.28, 29
In addition, a DOE report found 1,700 total direct and indirect fuel cell jobs in New York in 2013,
8,400 jobs in Massachusetts in 2013, and 1,010 direct jobs in Connecticut in 2011.30
Geothermal: The International Renewable Energy Agency reported a total of 35,000 geothermal energy jobs
in the United States at the end of 2014 in its annual report.31
In a 2015 Issue Brief, the Geothermal Energy
Association estimated that geothermal power plants employ roughly 1.17 permanent workers per megawatt
(MW). If other positions are added to this figure (e.g., related governmental, administrative, and technical
positions), the number of geothermal jobs jumps to 2.13 workers per MW. Building geothermal plants also
supplies temporary direct employment. During construction, 3.1 workers per MW are employed, and 3.3
workers per MW are employed for equipment manufacturing.32
Hydropower: In a 2014 report, the American Council on Renewable Energy (ACORE) found that the hydropower
industry employs 200,000 to 300,000 workers, and supports a supply chain of more than 2,500 companies in
the United States.33
Navigant Consulting estimated in 2009 that another 1.4 million jobs could be created in
the hydropower sector by 2025 if certain policies were enacted.34
Renewable Fuels: The Fuels America coalition calculated there were 852,056 total renewable fuels jobs in
2014; 292,166 of these jobs were direct jobs, 226,098 were induced, and 333,792 were in the supply chain. The
coalition determined the economic impact of these jobs to be worth $184.47 billion. The following is a job
breakdown for the three main sectors of renewable fuels.35
Advanced Biofuels: In 2013, Environmental Entrepreneurs found that advanced biofuel companies
reported they were supporting about 4,500 direct, full-time jobs, and that the companies predicted
they would directly support 8,000 employees by 2016. E2's report added that the supply chain,
especially feedstock production, is the greatest employment driver in the advanced biofuels sector.
Feedstock production could directly employ 12,300 people by 2016, bringing the direct job total to
20,300. Under this growth scenario, construction work would temporarily provide another 33,000
jobs.36
Biodiesel: In 2013, the National Biodiesel Board said the biodiesel industry supported more than 62,000
jobs.37
Ethanol: According to the Renewable Fuels Association, the ethanol industry supported 83,949 direct
jobs at the end of 2014, 148,684 indirect jobs, and 146,582 induced jobs—for a total of 379,215 jobs at
the end of 2014.38
Solar: According to The Solar Foundation, as of November 2014, the solar energy industry provided 173,807
direct jobs. This is a 21.8 percent increase in solar jobs from November 2013. Overall, solar jobs growth
accounted for 1.3 percent of all new U.S. jobs in 2014. Factoring in indirect and induced job impacts, which
amount to 531,200 additional jobs, total employment in the solar energy sector exceeds 705,000 jobs.39
Waste-to-Energy: A 2014 Energy Recovery Council report suggests that 5,350 direct jobs are supported in the
waste-to-energy industry. This number includes those workers who are employed on-site and off-site as
owners, operators, and local governments involved in the industry. Indirectly, the industry provides another
8,600 jobs, for a total of about 14,000 jobs.40
A 2015 report published by the National Association of Counties
4. EESI 1112 16th Street, NW, Suite 300 Washington, DC 20036 (202) 628-1400 www.eesi.org
calculates that a 1,500-tons-per-day waste-to-energy facility creates 248 direct and 52 indirect jobs during
construction, and 59 permanent direct jobs for the plant's operation and maintenance.41
Wave & Ocean Power: In 2010, the Brookings-Battelle Clean Economy Database found 371 workers were
supported by the wave and ocean power industry in the United States.42
The Ocean Renewable Energy
Coalition suggests marine and hydrokinetic energy would support 36,000 direct and indirect positions in the
United States by 2030, if its goal of 15 gigawatts of marine power is reached.43
Wind: According to the American Wind Energy Association (AWEA), as of the end of 2014, the wind energy
industry had provided a total of 73,000 full-time equivalent jobs in “planning, siting, development,
construction, manufacturing and supply chain, and operations” in the United States. 44
A press release
published by AWEA in April 2015 stated that 23,000 of these jobs were added in 2014. Texas, the largest state
for wind energy jobs, employs over 17,000 people in the sector.45
CLEAN ENERGY JOBS AROUND THE WORLD
Energy Efficiency
Energy efficiency jobs are particularly difficult to measure on the global stage, as definitions vary greatly, and
many workers in the building industry are not part of the formal economy. The latest information for global
energy efficient data comes from a 2008 green jobs report published by the United Nations Environment
Programme (UNEP), in which the organization determined there were a total of four million direct jobs in
energy efficiency in the United States and a selection of European countries.46
In a 2013 report, SustainLabour
estimated 25,900 jobs are created for every one billion euros ($1,135 billion) invested in energy efficient
buildings, and that there were 232,050 jobs currently in the European Union insulation industry.47
Renewable Energy
The following data is from the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA).
In its 2015 Renewable Energy and Jobs Annual Report, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)
estimated there were 7.7 million direct and indirect jobs in the renewable energy sector in 2014. The nine
sectors of renewable energy covered by the report were biomass, liquid biofuels, biogas, geothermal, small
hydropower, solar photovoltaic (PV), concentrated solar power (CSP), solar heating/cooling, and wind power.
The report revealed that China leads global employment in renewable energy with roughly 3.4 million direct
and indirect jobs, followed by Brazil, the United States, India, and Germany.48
Across the globe, solar PV has the highest employment in the renewable energy sector, with roughly 2.5 million
jobs. Liquid biofuels trails closely behind with 1.8 million jobs, followed by wind power at approximately one
million jobs.49
The following is a breakdown of green jobs in the countries with the largest amounts of renewable energy
employment.
China: In addition to being the largest provider of total renewable energy jobs worldwide, China also leads in
eight of the nine different renewable energy sectors. Some of China’s biggest renewable energy employment
sectors in 2014 were solar PV with 1.6 million direct and indirect jobs, solar heating/cooling with 600,000 jobs,
and wind power with 502,400 jobs.50
5. EESI 1112 16th Street, NW, Suite 300 Washington, DC 20036 (202) 628-1400 www.eesi.org
Brazil: According to IRENA, Brazil has the second greatest number of renewable energy jobs worldwide, with a
total of 934,000 jobs. Brazil tops the charts globally for jobs in liquid biofuels with a total of 845,000. IRENA
also notes that the nation has 41,000 jobs in solar heating/cooling, 36,000 jobs in wind, and 12,000 jobs in small
hydropower.51
India: India has the fourth largest number of renewable energy jobs globally, employing 437,000 people
directly and indirectly in the sector. IRENA calculates that India employs the most people in solar PV, with a
total of 125,000 jobs, followed by biogas (85,000 jobs), solar heating/cooling (75,000 jobs), and biomass
(58,000 jobs).52
Germany: IRENA finds Germany has the most renewable energy jobs in the European Union, as well as the fifth
largest number in the world, with a total of 371,000 jobs. Germany is widely known for its use of wind power,
a sector that employs 138,000 people. Germany also has 56,000 jobs in solar PV and 52,000 jobs in biomass.53
IRENA reports that Indonesia, Japan, France, Bangladesh and Colombia make up the rest of the top ten
countries with the highest number of green jobs.54
Author: Sharmen Hettipola
Editor: Laura Small
The Environmental and Energy Study Institute (EESI) is a non-profit organization founded in 1984 by a bipartisan
Congressional caucus dedicated to finding innovative environmental and energy solutions. EESI works to protect the
climate and ensure a healthy, secure, and sustainable future for America through policymaker education, coalition
building, and policy development in the areas of energy efficiency, renewable energy, agriculture, forestry,
transportation, buildings, and urban planning.
1
“Measuring Green Jobs,” Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2010.
2
“Measuring Green Jobs,” Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2010.
3
“BLS 2013 Sequestration Information,” Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2013.
4
“Clean Jobs Infographic for 4th Quarter 2013,” Ecotech Institute, February 2014.
5
“Clean Jobs Infographic: 2013 vs. 2014,” Ecotech Institute, April 2015.
6
“Clean Jobs Infographic for 1st Quarter 2015,” Ecotech Institute, May 2015.
7
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Economy, September, 2015.
8
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9
Bell, Casey J. “Energy Efficiency Job Creation: Real World Experiences”. American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy,
October 2012.
10
“Appliance Efficiency,” Environmental Entrepreneurs, Access Date: July 2015.
11
“Clean Energy Works For Us: Q1 2015 Jobs Report,” Environmental Entrepreneurs, June, 2015.
12
"New Study Finds Green Construction is Major U.S. Economic Driver," U.S. Green Building Council, September 16, 2015.
13
“Building Efficiency,” Environmental Entrepreneurs, Access Date: July, 2015.
14
“Clean Energy Works For Us: 2013 Year-In-Review And Q4 Report,” Environmental Entrepreneurs, March, 2014.
15
“Clean Energy Works For Us: Q4 2014 Jobs Report,” Environmental Entrepreneurs, March, 2015.
16
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17
“Clean Energy Works For Us: 2013 Year-In-Review And Q4 Report,” Environmental Entrepreneurs, March, 2014.
18
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19
“Clean Energy Works For Us: Q4 2014 Jobs Report,” Environmental Entrepreneurs, March, 2015.
20
“Clean Energy Works For Us: Q1 2015 Jobs Report,” Environmental Entrepreneurs, June, 2015.
21
“Renewable Energy and Jobs Annual Review 2015,” International Renewable Energy Agency, March, 2015.
22
“Clean Energy Works For Us: Q4 2014 Jobs Report,” Environmental Entrepreneurs, March, 2015.
23
“Clean Energy Works For Us: Q1 2015 Jobs Report,” Environmental Entrepreneurs, June, 2015.
24
“Biogas Council: New Biogas Systems will Cut Methane Emissions,” American Biogas Council, March, 2014.
6. EESI 1112 16th Street, NW, Suite 300 Washington, DC 20036 (202) 628-1400 www.eesi.org
25
“Renewable Energy and Jobs Annual Review 2015,” International Renewable Energy Agency, March, 2015.
26
“Helping Biopower Help America: Extending Production Tax Credit Vital for Jobs, Clean Electricity and Energy
Independence,” Fact Sheet, Biomass Power Association, January, 2013.
27
“A Compendium of Job Estimates in the Fuel Cell Industry,” Fuel Cell 2000, March 2011.
28
“Clean Energy Works For Us: Q4 2014 Jobs Report,” Environmental Entrepreneurs, March, 2015.
29
“Clean Energy Works For Us: Q1 2015 Jobs Report,” Environmental Entrepreneurs, June, 2015.
30
“State of the States: Fuel Cells in America 2014,” U.S. Department of Energy, December, 2014.
31
“Renewable Energy and Jobs Annual Review 2015,” International Renewable Energy Agency, March, 2015.
32
“Geothermal Energy Association Issue Brief: Additional Economic Values of Geothermal Power,” Geothermal Energy
Association, February 2015.
33
“The Outlook for Renewable Energy in America,” American Council on Renewable Energy, 2014.
34
“Job Creation Opportunities in Hydropower,” Navigant Consulting, September 2009.
35
“Renewable Fuel Drives Economic Growth Nationwide,” Fuels America, 2014.
36
Solecki, Mary, Anna Scodel, and Bob Epstein. "Advanced Biofuel Market Report 2013: Capacity through 2016,"
Environmental Entrepreneurs, 2013.
37
“Study: Biodiesel Industry Supporting 62,000 Jobs,” Biodiesel - America's First Advanced Biofuel, November, 2013.
38
“Contribution Of The Ethanol Industry To The Economy Of The United States In 2014,” Renewable Fuels Association,
February, 2015.
39
“National Solar Jobs Census 2014,” The Solar Foundation, January 2015.
40
“The 2014 Erc Directory Of Waste-To-Energy Facilities,” Energy Recovery Council, May, 2014.
41
“Waste Energy Recovery: Renewable Energy From County Landfills,” National Association of Countries, February, 2015.
42
“Sizing the Clean Economy,” Brookings-Battelle Clean Economy, July, 2013.
43
“U.S. Marine and Hydrokinetic Renewable Energy Roadmap,” Ocean Renewable Energy Coalition, November 2011.
44
“U.S. Wind Industry Annual Market Report 2014: Executive Summary,” American Wind Energy Association, April, 2015.
45
“American wind energy rebounded in 2014; “wind rush” underway in Texas,” News release, American Wind Energy
Association, April 2015.
46
“Green Jobs: Towards Decent Work In A Sustainable, Low Carbon World: Policy Messages and Main Findings for Decision
Makers,” United Nations Environment Programme, September, 2008.
47
“Green Jobs and related policy frameworks and an overview of the European Union,” SustainLabour: International Labour
Foundation for Sustainable Development, February 2013.
48
“Renewable Energy and Jobs Annual Review 2015,” International Renewable Energy Agency, March, 2015.
49
“Renewable Energy and Jobs Annual Review 2015,” International Renewable Energy Agency, March, 2015.
50
“Renewable Energy and Jobs Annual Review 2015,” International Renewable Energy Agency, March, 2015.
51
“Renewable Energy and Jobs Annual Review 2015,” International Renewable Energy Agency, March, 2015.
52
“Renewable Energy and Jobs Annual Review 2015,” International Renewable Energy Agency, March, 2015.
53
“Renewable Energy and Jobs Annual Review 2015,” International Renewable Energy Agency, March, 2015.
54
“Renewable Energy and Jobs Annual Review 2015,” International Renewable Energy Agency, March, 2015.