Factors that influence separation and rate of elu.pdf
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Factors that influence separation and rate of elution: 1. Polarity of mobile phase (solvent) 2. Substrate interactions with stationary phase Thus, for paper chromatography, time is not a factor that largely affect the separation. Solution Factors that influence separation and rate of elution: 1. Polarity of mobile phase (solvent) 2. Substrate interactions with stationary phase Thus, for paper chromatography, time is not a factor that largely affect the separation..
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We have two energy states that the hydrogen molec.pdf
We have two energy states that the hydrogen molecule possess. When the
difference in the energy matches with the supplied energy then one electron is promoted to
higher energy level i.e the anti bonding orbital. Putting both the electron in the excited state will
require even more energy. When the electron is promoted to the higher energy level then the
bond order of the molecule decreases which leads to dissociation. This is in accordance to the
observed phenomena that molecules do dissociate when heat is supplied.
Solution
We have two energy states that the hydrogen molecule possess. When the
difference in the energy matches with the supplied energy then one electron is promoted to
higher energy level i.e the anti bonding orbital. Putting both the electron in the excited state will
require even more energy. When the electron is promoted to the higher energy level then the
bond order of the molecule decreases which leads to dissociation. This is in accordance to the
observed phenomena that molecules do dissociate when heat is supplied..
The atom is a basic unit of matter that consists .pdf
The atom is a basic unit of matter that consists of a dense, central nucleus
surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons. The atomic nucleus contains a mix of
positively charged protons and electrically neutral neutrons (except in the case of hydrogen-1,
which is the only stable nuclide with no neutrons). The electrons of an atom are bound to the
nucleus by the electromagnetic force. Likewise, a group of atoms can remain bound to each
other, forming a molecule. An atom containing an equal number of protons and electrons is
electrically neutral, otherwise it has a positive or negative charge and is an ion. An atom is
classified according to the number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus: the number of protons
determines the chemical element, and the number of neutrons determines the isotope of the
element. Though the word atom originally denoted a particle that cannot be cut into smaller
particles, in modern scientific usage the atom is composed of various subatomic particles. The
constituent particles of an atom are the electron, the proton and the neutron. However, the
hydrogen-1 atom has no neutrons and a positive hydrogen ion has no electrons. In atomic
physics, the Bohr model, devised by Niels Bohr, depicts the atom as a small, positively charged
nucleus surrounded by electrons that travel in circular orbits around the nucleus—similar in
structure to the solar system, but with electrostatic forces providing attraction, rather than
gravity. This was an improvement on the earlier cubic model (1902), the plum-pudding model
(1904), the Saturnian model (1904), and the Rutherford model (1911). Since the Bohr model is a
quantum physics-based modification of the Rutherford model, many sources combine the two,
referring to the Rutherford–Bohr model. The Bohr model is a primitive model of the hydrogen
atom. As a theory, it can be derived as a first-order approximation of the hydrogen atom using
the broader and much more accurate quantum mechanics, and thus may be considered to be an
obsolete scientific theory. However, because of its simplicity, and its correct results for selected
systems (see below for application), the Bohr model is still commonly taught to introduce
students to quantum mechanics, before moving on to the more accurate but more complex
valence shell atom. An atomic orbital is a mathematical function that describes the wave-like
behavior of either one electron or a pair of electrons in an atom. This function can be used to
calculate the probability of finding any electron of an atom in any specific region around the
atom\'s nucleus. These functions may serve as three-dimensional graphs of an electron’s likely
location. The term may thus refer directly to the physical region defined by the function where
the electron is likely to be. Specifically, atomic orbitals are the possible quantum states of an
individual electron in the collection of electrons around a single atom, as described by the orbital
function. The idea .
PV=nRT S.pdf
This equation relates the pressure (P) and volume (V) of a gas to the amount of gas (n), the temperature (T) of the gas, and a constant (R). Specifically, it states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas, the temperature of the gas, and a constant, and inversely proportional to the volume of the container holding the gas.
hey provide more deatails Solution .pdf
This short document requests more details about a solution but does not provide any context or information to summarize. It states "hey provide more deatails" but no problem or topic is introduced.
H is oxidized in left side of the equation H is z.pdf
H is oxidized in left side of the equation H is zero while on right side H is +1
Solution
H is oxidized in left side of the equation H is zero while on right side H is +1.
D. both B and C are correct .pdf
This document contains the answer choice "D. both B and C are correct" for a multiple choice question. It then repeats the answer choice as the solution. In one sentence, it states the answer choice for a multiple choice question and repeats that choice as the solution.
Cyanide is CN-, which means that there are 4 shel.pdf
Cyanide is CN-, which means that there are 4 shell electrons for carbon, 5 for
nitrogen and one more to make the anion. This makes a total of 10 electrons. Nitrogen naturally
wants to make three bonds, carbon wants four, but two atoms can\'t have a quadruple bond
between them. So they have three covalent bonds, which uses up 6 electrons. This leaves four
electrons, which divides up nicely into two lone pairs (one for each atom). So the lewis dot
structure is: [:C:::N:]- (::: is a triple bond between the Carbon and Nitrogen).
Solution
Cyanide is CN-, which means that there are 4 shell electrons for carbon, 5 for
nitrogen and one more to make the anion. This makes a total of 10 electrons. Nitrogen naturally
wants to make three bonds, carbon wants four, but two atoms can\'t have a quadruple bond
between them. So they have three covalent bonds, which uses up 6 electrons. This leaves four
electrons, which divides up nicely into two lone pairs (one for each atom). So the lewis dot
structure is: [:C:::N:]- (::: is a triple bond between the Carbon and Nitrogen)..
c. 2methylpentane and 2,2 dimethylbutane note i.pdf
c. 2methylpentane and 2,2 dimethylbutane note: isomers have the same number of
carbons
Solution
c. 2methylpentane and 2,2 dimethylbutane note: isomers have the same number of
carbons.
Recommended
We have two energy states that the hydrogen molec.pdf
We have two energy states that the hydrogen molecule possess. When the
difference in the energy matches with the supplied energy then one electron is promoted to
higher energy level i.e the anti bonding orbital. Putting both the electron in the excited state will
require even more energy. When the electron is promoted to the higher energy level then the
bond order of the molecule decreases which leads to dissociation. This is in accordance to the
observed phenomena that molecules do dissociate when heat is supplied.
Solution
We have two energy states that the hydrogen molecule possess. When the
difference in the energy matches with the supplied energy then one electron is promoted to
higher energy level i.e the anti bonding orbital. Putting both the electron in the excited state will
require even more energy. When the electron is promoted to the higher energy level then the
bond order of the molecule decreases which leads to dissociation. This is in accordance to the
observed phenomena that molecules do dissociate when heat is supplied..
The atom is a basic unit of matter that consists .pdf
The atom is a basic unit of matter that consists of a dense, central nucleus
surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons. The atomic nucleus contains a mix of
positively charged protons and electrically neutral neutrons (except in the case of hydrogen-1,
which is the only stable nuclide with no neutrons). The electrons of an atom are bound to the
nucleus by the electromagnetic force. Likewise, a group of atoms can remain bound to each
other, forming a molecule. An atom containing an equal number of protons and electrons is
electrically neutral, otherwise it has a positive or negative charge and is an ion. An atom is
classified according to the number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus: the number of protons
determines the chemical element, and the number of neutrons determines the isotope of the
element. Though the word atom originally denoted a particle that cannot be cut into smaller
particles, in modern scientific usage the atom is composed of various subatomic particles. The
constituent particles of an atom are the electron, the proton and the neutron. However, the
hydrogen-1 atom has no neutrons and a positive hydrogen ion has no electrons. In atomic
physics, the Bohr model, devised by Niels Bohr, depicts the atom as a small, positively charged
nucleus surrounded by electrons that travel in circular orbits around the nucleus—similar in
structure to the solar system, but with electrostatic forces providing attraction, rather than
gravity. This was an improvement on the earlier cubic model (1902), the plum-pudding model
(1904), the Saturnian model (1904), and the Rutherford model (1911). Since the Bohr model is a
quantum physics-based modification of the Rutherford model, many sources combine the two,
referring to the Rutherford–Bohr model. The Bohr model is a primitive model of the hydrogen
atom. As a theory, it can be derived as a first-order approximation of the hydrogen atom using
the broader and much more accurate quantum mechanics, and thus may be considered to be an
obsolete scientific theory. However, because of its simplicity, and its correct results for selected
systems (see below for application), the Bohr model is still commonly taught to introduce
students to quantum mechanics, before moving on to the more accurate but more complex
valence shell atom. An atomic orbital is a mathematical function that describes the wave-like
behavior of either one electron or a pair of electrons in an atom. This function can be used to
calculate the probability of finding any electron of an atom in any specific region around the
atom\'s nucleus. These functions may serve as three-dimensional graphs of an electron’s likely
location. The term may thus refer directly to the physical region defined by the function where
the electron is likely to be. Specifically, atomic orbitals are the possible quantum states of an
individual electron in the collection of electrons around a single atom, as described by the orbital
function. The idea .
PV=nRT S.pdf
This equation relates the pressure (P) and volume (V) of a gas to the amount of gas (n), the temperature (T) of the gas, and a constant (R). Specifically, it states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of gas, the temperature of the gas, and a constant, and inversely proportional to the volume of the container holding the gas.
hey provide more deatails Solution .pdf
This short document requests more details about a solution but does not provide any context or information to summarize. It states "hey provide more deatails" but no problem or topic is introduced.
H is oxidized in left side of the equation H is z.pdf
H is oxidized in left side of the equation H is zero while on right side H is +1
Solution
H is oxidized in left side of the equation H is zero while on right side H is +1.
D. both B and C are correct .pdf
This document contains the answer choice "D. both B and C are correct" for a multiple choice question. It then repeats the answer choice as the solution. In one sentence, it states the answer choice for a multiple choice question and repeats that choice as the solution.
Cyanide is CN-, which means that there are 4 shel.pdf
Cyanide is CN-, which means that there are 4 shell electrons for carbon, 5 for
nitrogen and one more to make the anion. This makes a total of 10 electrons. Nitrogen naturally
wants to make three bonds, carbon wants four, but two atoms can\'t have a quadruple bond
between them. So they have three covalent bonds, which uses up 6 electrons. This leaves four
electrons, which divides up nicely into two lone pairs (one for each atom). So the lewis dot
structure is: [:C:::N:]- (::: is a triple bond between the Carbon and Nitrogen).
Solution
Cyanide is CN-, which means that there are 4 shell electrons for carbon, 5 for
nitrogen and one more to make the anion. This makes a total of 10 electrons. Nitrogen naturally
wants to make three bonds, carbon wants four, but two atoms can\'t have a quadruple bond
between them. So they have three covalent bonds, which uses up 6 electrons. This leaves four
electrons, which divides up nicely into two lone pairs (one for each atom). So the lewis dot
structure is: [:C:::N:]- (::: is a triple bond between the Carbon and Nitrogen)..
c. 2methylpentane and 2,2 dimethylbutane note i.pdf
c. 2methylpentane and 2,2 dimethylbutane note: isomers have the same number of
carbons
Solution
c. 2methylpentane and 2,2 dimethylbutane note: isomers have the same number of
carbons.
Total ionic equation2Na+(aq) + CO32-(aq) + Cu2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) =.pdf
Total ionic equation:
2Na+(aq) + CO32-(aq) + Cu2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) = CuCO3(s) + 2Na+(aq) + SO42-(aq)
net ionic equation:
CO32-(aq) + Cu2+(aq) = CuCO3(s)
Solution
Total ionic equation:
2Na+(aq) + CO32-(aq) + Cu2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) = CuCO3(s) + 2Na+(aq) + SO42-(aq)
net ionic equation:
CO32-(aq) + Cu2+(aq) = CuCO3(s).
There are a couple of things to notice here. You donSolutionTh.pdf
There are a couple of things to notice here. You don
Solution
There are a couple of things to notice here. You don.
The terms monitor and CRT are used interchangeably in computersyst.pdf
The terms monitor and CRT are used interchangeably in computer
systems. A CRT originally referred to a specific type of monitor that uses a
cathode-ray tube (CRT). Monitors today are constructed using several different
technologies such as liquid plasma, liquid crystal, and CRT.
Solution
The terms monitor and CRT are used interchangeably in computer
systems. A CRT originally referred to a specific type of monitor that uses a
cathode-ray tube (CRT). Monitors today are constructed using several different
technologies such as liquid plasma, liquid crystal, and CRT..
The only way for this to happen is that all an are not positive. So .pdf
The only way for this to happen is that all an are not positive. So an example is the alternating
harmonic function (-1)n/n
Solution
The only way for this to happen is that all an are not positive. So an example is the alternating
harmonic function (-1)n/n.
The idea of Encapsulation is to bundle data and methods (that work.pdf
The idea of Encapsulation is to bundle data and methods (that work on the data) together and
restrict access of private data members outside the class. In C++, a friend function or friend class
can also access private data members.
Is it possible to access private members outside a class without friend?
Yes, it is possible using pointers. See the following program as an example.
#include
using namespace std;
class Test
{
private:
int data;
public:
Test() { data = 0; }
int getData() { return data; }
};
int main()
{
Test t;
int* ptr = (int*)&t;
*ptr = 10;
cout << t.getData();
return 0;
}
Run on IDE
Output:
Note that the above way of accessing private data members is not at all a recommended way of
accessing members and should never be used. Also, it doesn’t mean that the encapsulation
doesn’t work in C++. The idea of making private members is to avoid accidental changes. The
above change to data is not accidental. It’s an intentionally written code to fool the compiler.
#include
using namespace std;
class Test
{
private:
int data;
public:
Test() { data = 0; }
int getData() { return data; }
};
int main()
{
Test t;
int* ptr = (int*)&t;
*ptr = 10;
cout << t.getData();
return 0;
}
Solution
The idea of Encapsulation is to bundle data and methods (that work on the data) together and
restrict access of private data members outside the class. In C++, a friend function or friend class
can also access private data members.
Is it possible to access private members outside a class without friend?
Yes, it is possible using pointers. See the following program as an example.
#include
using namespace std;
class Test
{
private:
int data;
public:
Test() { data = 0; }
int getData() { return data; }
};
int main()
{
Test t;
int* ptr = (int*)&t;
*ptr = 10;
cout << t.getData();
return 0;
}
Run on IDE
Output:
Note that the above way of accessing private data members is not at all a recommended way of
accessing members and should never be used. Also, it doesn’t mean that the encapsulation
doesn’t work in C++. The idea of making private members is to avoid accidental changes. The
above change to data is not accidental. It’s an intentionally written code to fool the compiler.
#include
using namespace std;
class Test
{
private:
int data;
public:
Test() { data = 0; }
int getData() { return data; }
};
int main()
{
Test t;
int* ptr = (int*)&t;
*ptr = 10;
cout << t.getData();
return 0;
}.
Answer 16 If Greece, Spain and Portugal have the similar financial .pdf
Answer 16: If Greece, Spain and Portugal have the similar financial conditions while Italy has
the different. If Greece, Italy, Spain, Portugal leave common currency that is Euro then it will be
a disaster for Euro as well as these countries. This move will affect Euro. Euro will not have its
existence and its value will come down drastically. If these countries stop using Euro, Euro will
just collapse and it will bring down the economy of these countries. If new currency will be
introduced, it will take time to get stable.
This will have a great negative impact on European Union also. Some countries may leave
European Union because of these uncertainties.
Answer 17: In 2007-08, Financial crisis started in USA and hit the whole world. Subprime crisis
started when there was heavy demand of houses in USA, banks were financing for housing loan
with the help of Mortgage backed securities (MBD). Banks lent so much money for buying
properties without taking and checking the proper documents. Banks did not do proper
documentation and provided loan. Slowly the demand or properties came down and properties
got unsold. People who took loan, were not able to repay it as their properties got unsold. Banks
could not get the money back and some banks collapsed and got bankrupt. Lehman brothers and
Merrill Lynch got bankrupt. This was the time during 2007-2010 when the Subprime mortgage
crisis hit not only USA but almost the whole world.
Solution
Answer 16: If Greece, Spain and Portugal have the similar financial conditions while Italy has
the different. If Greece, Italy, Spain, Portugal leave common currency that is Euro then it will be
a disaster for Euro as well as these countries. This move will affect Euro. Euro will not have its
existence and its value will come down drastically. If these countries stop using Euro, Euro will
just collapse and it will bring down the economy of these countries. If new currency will be
introduced, it will take time to get stable.
This will have a great negative impact on European Union also. Some countries may leave
European Union because of these uncertainties.
Answer 17: In 2007-08, Financial crisis started in USA and hit the whole world. Subprime crisis
started when there was heavy demand of houses in USA, banks were financing for housing loan
with the help of Mortgage backed securities (MBD). Banks lent so much money for buying
properties without taking and checking the proper documents. Banks did not do proper
documentation and provided loan. Slowly the demand or properties came down and properties
got unsold. People who took loan, were not able to repay it as their properties got unsold. Banks
could not get the money back and some banks collapsed and got bankrupt. Lehman brothers and
Merrill Lynch got bankrupt. This was the time during 2007-2010 when the Subprime mortgage
crisis hit not only USA but almost the whole world..
Please find the answers and explanations belowWhy might one expec.pdf
Please find the answers and explanations below:
Why might one expect to find coliform in samples of meat?
Answer: The animal intestine normally contains coliform bacteria but these do not pose any
health hazard unless they penetrate the flesh/muscles. These bacteria are also eliminated from the
intestine by the route of egestion through faeces. While butchering, the animal flesh might
accidently get contaminated with this infected faeces or acquire coliform spores from the open
environment itself. This can directly lead to contamination and rottening of the flesh. Thus, due
to poor sanitation conditions, one might expect coliform in samples of meat which can cause
diseases.
b) What is the danger associated with this type of contamination?
Answer: Although these coliforms normally reside as good-flora in the intestine, but when
present in exceedingly high amounts such as contaminated meat, consumption of such food can
lead to food-poisoning and infection of the gastro-intestinal tract. This can lead to indigestion,
diarrhoea, poor assimilation of nutrients, vomiting tendency, nutrient loss and dehydration. Thus,
such clinical situations are alarming and demand attention.
c) In terms of food safety, why is it suggested to cook hamburgers medium-well to well-done
whereas steaks can be cooked rare?
Answer: In the modern times, the trend of packed food is very advanced. People tend to consume
pre-cooked or packaged food owing to ease and quickness. It is very well known that bacteria are
omnipresent in nature and given a chance, they can definitely incubate on a substratum surface
and contaminate it. The steak surface are very good substratum for this purpose. However,
heating the steaks can lead to decontamination since bacteria cannot survive on heat. This is why
it is said that the food should be properly cooked on heat before eating.
Hamburgers are particularly prone to infection due to added reasons. During process of making a
hamburger, the metallic dicers are used to finely chop the meat. Since these metallic dicers
remain open in contact with air, they are highly vulnerable for infectious growth of
bacteria/pathogens. Moreover, mechanical churning of the meat will further promote even
distribution of the pathogen in the complete lot of the hamburgers making them more vulnerable
to infection. Thus, it is always strictly suggested to cook hamburgers medium-well to well-done.
On the other hand, the steaks are only surface infected with bacteria and small and short episodes
of heat exposure can directly kill these pathogens. Thus, it is suggested that cooking the steaks
moderately is accepted in terms of food safety.
Solution
Please find the answers and explanations below:
Why might one expect to find coliform in samples of meat?
Answer: The animal intestine normally contains coliform bacteria but these do not pose any
health hazard unless they penetrate the flesh/muscles. These bacteria are also eliminated from the
intestine by the route of e.
Manning = number of shift x amount of partsSolutionManning = n.pdf
The document discusses a formula for calculating manning, which is equal to the number of shifts multiplied by the amount of parts. It states that manning is calculated as the number of shifts times the amount of parts.
its not visible.Solutionits not visible..pdf
The document does not provide any visible information to summarize in 3 sentences or less. The document consists of the phrase "its not visible" repeated twice without any other context.
HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSECELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSEIt destroys antig.pdf
HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE
CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE
It destroys antigen outside of the cell in body fluids like blood and lymph.
It destroys antigen inside the cells using T cells tagged with MHC marker.
B cells produce memory cells which can provide future immunity.
T cells are of two types-
T helper cells-
They do not destroy the infected cells or pathogens, but they activate other immune cells to do
so.
The major roles of T helper cells are to stimulate B cells to secrete antibodies, to activate
phagocytes, to activate T killer cells and to enhance the activity of natural killer (NK) cells. They
require MHC class II proteins to present the exogenous antigens.
Cytotoxic T cells-
They destroy the cells by inducing apoptosis infected by viruses, intracellular bacteria and
certain types of cancers. They require MHC class I proteins to present the endogenous antigens.
Intracellular pathogens are usually not detected by macrophages and antibodies, and clearance of
infection depends upon elimination of infected cells by cytotoxic lymphocytes
HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE
CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE
It destroys antigen outside of the cell in body fluids like blood and lymph.
It destroys antigen inside the cells using T cells tagged with MHC marker.Apart from antigen
binding the B cell, Interleukins or helper T cells costimulate the B cells and enable its activation
and proliferation.B cells proliferate and produce plasma cells which bear antibodies with the
identical antigen specificity as the antigen receptors of the activated B cells. The antibodies are
released and circulate through the body, binding to the antigens.APC (Antigen presenting cells)
display antigen to T cells.Interleukins (secreted by APCs or helper T cells) costimulate the
activation of T cells based on the type of antigen.
B cells produce memory cells which can provide future immunity.
T cells are of two types-
T helper cells-
They do not destroy the infected cells or pathogens, but they activate other immune cells to do
so.
The major roles of T helper cells are to stimulate B cells to secrete antibodies, to activate
phagocytes, to activate T killer cells and to enhance the activity of natural killer (NK) cells.
They require MHC class II proteins to present the exogenous antigens.
Cytotoxic T cells-
They destroy the cells by inducing apoptosis infected by viruses, intracellular bacteria and
certain types of cancers. They require MHC class I proteins to present the endogenous antigens.
Intracellular pathogens are usually not detected by macrophages and antibodies, and clearance
of infection depends upon elimination of infected cells by cytotoxic lymphocytes
Solution
HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE
CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE
It destroys antigen outside of the cell in body fluids like blood and lymph.
It destroys antigen inside the cells using T cells tagged with MHC marker.
B cells produce memory cells which can provide future immunity.
T cells are of two types-
T helper cells-
They do not destroy the .
import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Scanner;public clas.pdf
The program takes a 12-digit number as input and splits it into pairs of 2, 3, 4 and 6 digits. It stores each pair in ArrayLists and checks if the numbers in each ArrayList are in increasing order, printing the ArrayLists if in order or an error message if not. It defines a count method to get the digit length of the input number.
H2A(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) Na2A(aq) + 2H2O(l) x .pdf
H2A(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) Na2A(aq) + 2H2O(l)
x 2x x 2x (mol)
moles of 0.5200 M NaOH
n1=0.039*0.52=0.02028 mol=2x
=> x=0.01 mol
=>molar mass of the acid:
M=1.0547/0.01014=104
Solution
H2A(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) Na2A(aq) + 2H2O(l)
x 2x x 2x (mol)
moles of 0.5200 M NaOH
n1=0.039*0.52=0.02028 mol=2x
=> x=0.01 mol
=>molar mass of the acid:
M=1.0547/0.01014=104.
Correct option 4.You are studying a population of wild coyotes an.pdf
Correct option: 4.
You are studying a population of wild coyotes and notice that every three years there is an
epidemic of a bacterial disease. Which of the following best explains this periodic cycling of the
disease?
1. New coyotes are continuously born into the population.
The statement is true but not the correct explanation.
The population must have new offspring continuously so that the it remains existing after
periodic epidemics each after 3 years.
2. Coyotes are dying from other causes over time.
The statement is true but not the correct explanation.
It may happen as a natural death, prey-predator relationships, other diseases, etc.
3. During an outbreak, the proportion of coyotes who are sick with the disease slowly falls as
they recover.
The statement is true but not the correct explanation.
Since, the immunity of one coyotes may work differently from others; some may fall sick early
while some may get sick late. However, epidemics can occur anytime once a sufficiently large
pathogen load has been established by the infected (sick) members. Thus, this case does not
show periodicity, most probability.
4. Coyotes from other populations, who have already caught and recovered from the disease,
immigrate into the study population.
The statement is true and is the correct explanation.
Immigration (periodic) of recovered coyotes from other community into the study area may be
responsible for the periodic appearance of epidemic in the study area.
Solution
Correct option: 4.
You are studying a population of wild coyotes and notice that every three years there is an
epidemic of a bacterial disease. Which of the following best explains this periodic cycling of the
disease?
1. New coyotes are continuously born into the population.
The statement is true but not the correct explanation.
The population must have new offspring continuously so that the it remains existing after
periodic epidemics each after 3 years.
2. Coyotes are dying from other causes over time.
The statement is true but not the correct explanation.
It may happen as a natural death, prey-predator relationships, other diseases, etc.
3. During an outbreak, the proportion of coyotes who are sick with the disease slowly falls as
they recover.
The statement is true but not the correct explanation.
Since, the immunity of one coyotes may work differently from others; some may fall sick early
while some may get sick late. However, epidemics can occur anytime once a sufficiently large
pathogen load has been established by the infected (sick) members. Thus, this case does not
show periodicity, most probability.
4. Coyotes from other populations, who have already caught and recovered from the disease,
immigrate into the study population.
The statement is true and is the correct explanation.
Immigration (periodic) of recovered coyotes from other community into the study area may be
responsible for the periodic appearance of epidemic in the study area..
Both the compounds mentioned are semiconductors. The atomic species .pdf
Both the compounds mentioned are semiconductors. The atomic species required for making
InAs (Indium Arsenide) is Indium which is is 3rd group element and Arsenic which is group 5th
element. To make InSb(Indium Antimonide) the atomic species required is Indium which is 3rd
group element and Antimony which is again 5th group element. InSb is a semiconductor which
has narrow bandgap of 0.17ev at toom temperature. Owing to its low band gap it is generally
used in infrared sensors application.
Solution
Both the compounds mentioned are semiconductors. The atomic species required for making
InAs (Indium Arsenide) is Indium which is is 3rd group element and Arsenic which is group 5th
element. To make InSb(Indium Antimonide) the atomic species required is Indium which is 3rd
group element and Antimony which is again 5th group element. InSb is a semiconductor which
has narrow bandgap of 0.17ev at toom temperature. Owing to its low band gap it is generally
used in infrared sensors application..
The amount spent per person on health care in the U.S. is approximat.pdf
The amount spent per person on health care in the U.S. is approximated by H(t) = h0
Solution
The amount spent per person on health care in the U.S. is approximated by H(t) = h0.
b. Somatosensory association areaAssociation cortex is the cerebra.pdf
b. Somatosensory association area
Association cortex is the cerebral cortex outside the primaryareas. It is essential for mental
functions that are more complex than detecting basic dimensions of sensory stimulation, for
which primary sensory areas appear to be necessary.
Solution
b. Somatosensory association area
Association cortex is the cerebral cortex outside the primaryareas. It is essential for mental
functions that are more complex than detecting basic dimensions of sensory stimulation, for
which primary sensory areas appear to be necessary..
b) 1Because the sum of the entire probability distribution is .pdf
b) 1
Because the sum of the entire probability distribution is always equal to 1
Solution
b) 1
Because the sum of the entire probability distribution is always equal to 1.
AnswerInterspecific hybridization causes difficulties in classify.pdf
Answer:
Interspecific hybridization causes difficulties in classifying species because the offspring
produced through this breeding is due to result of breeding of two species of same genus.
Therefore, species may become sterile some times and it may exhibit inherited features of both
parents. Hybrid sterility of the offspring is going to make them to classify into any genus because
sterility is going to prevent movement of genes from generation to another. Species such as
mules, hinnis are resulted from interspecific hybridization therefore, “viable sexual gametes
(meiosis is disrupted) are not generated from these organisms. Mules are cross breeds between
horse and donkey; they contain 63 numbers of chromosomes (32 from horse, and 31 from
donkey). 62 chromosomes are paired up and one remains unpaired (inherited from the horse).
Mules are sterile because horse and donkey has different number of chromosomes and they are
not homologues.
Solution
Answer:
Interspecific hybridization causes difficulties in classifying species because the offspring
produced through this breeding is due to result of breeding of two species of same genus.
Therefore, species may become sterile some times and it may exhibit inherited features of both
parents. Hybrid sterility of the offspring is going to make them to classify into any genus because
sterility is going to prevent movement of genes from generation to another. Species such as
mules, hinnis are resulted from interspecific hybridization therefore, “viable sexual gametes
(meiosis is disrupted) are not generated from these organisms. Mules are cross breeds between
horse and donkey; they contain 63 numbers of chromosomes (32 from horse, and 31 from
donkey). 62 chromosomes are paired up and one remains unpaired (inherited from the horse).
Mules are sterile because horse and donkey has different number of chromosomes and they are
not homologues..
Answer8. Metal ions are most common cofactors and some enzymes fun.pdf
Answer
8. Metal ions are most common cofactors and some enzymes functions as enzyme cofactors and
if the metal ion is not available, the function cannot be carried out. In daily nutrition, the trace
elemnts that acts as cofactors are iron, manganese, cobalt, copper, zinc, selenium, and
molybdenum. Though iodine is essential for synthesis of throid hormone, selenium-dependent
enzymes are also required for the coversion of throxine to the biologically active thyroid
hormone and it is still not evident how iodine acts as a cofactor.
Therefore, the correct answer is option (d).
9. Anemia results from lack of red blood cells or dysfunctional red blood cells in the body. This
leads to reduced oxygen flow to the body\'s organs and the symptoms include fatigue, skin
pallor, and shortness of breath, dizziness or a fast heartbeat. The most common cause of anemia
is blood loss. Heavy menstrual periods or bleeding in the digestive or urinary tract can cause
blood loss and young women up to 10% more of adolescent and adult women under 49 years ate
iron deficient and have higher risk of anemia. Iron is not the only mineral deficiency that will
impair hemoglobin synthesis; even low thyroid levels also impart hemoglobin synthesis
indirectly.
Iron-deficiency anemia is known as microcytic anemia, usually due to poor dietary intake or
blood loss and the macrocytic anemia results in red blood cells that are larger than normal.
Therefore, the correct answer is option (a).
10. Vitamin C enhances the absorption of the mineral Iron. A higher bioavailability of dietary
iron can be achieved by increasing the content of food components enhancing iron absoprtion by
ascorbic acid. The ascorbic acid absorbs the dietary iron fortwo reasons: (1) the prevention of the
formation of insoluble and unabsorbable iron compounds and (2) the reduction of ferric to
ferrous iron, which seems to be a requirement for the uptake of iron into the mucosal cells.
Therefore, the correct annwer is option (b).
11.
The mineral that is not included in children\'s multivitamin/mineral supplements is iron. Because
iron toxicity is most common even with small amounts above the recommended dietary intake,
having the potential to cause gastrointestinal upset, heart problems and anemia. Higher doses of
iron above dietary intake level can increase the risk of birth defects in the babies of pregnant
women and as children gain access to iron supplements it affects theirs central nervous system,
liver, bone, and skin making it a major cause of unintentional poisoning deaths.
Thus, iron is not included in children\'s multivitamin/mineral supplements. Therefore, the correct
answer is option (c).
12. Zinc is an essential mineral and meat sources such as beef, lamb are the best sources for zinc.
Excessive intake of zinc supplements can result in copper deficiency, as zinc inhibits the
absorption of copper. There is a category of enzymes that use Zinc acts as cofactor and these are
Matrix metalloproteinases. T.
More Related Content
More from shettysachin2005
Total ionic equation2Na+(aq) + CO32-(aq) + Cu2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) =.pdf
Total ionic equation:
2Na+(aq) + CO32-(aq) + Cu2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) = CuCO3(s) + 2Na+(aq) + SO42-(aq)
net ionic equation:
CO32-(aq) + Cu2+(aq) = CuCO3(s)
Solution
Total ionic equation:
2Na+(aq) + CO32-(aq) + Cu2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) = CuCO3(s) + 2Na+(aq) + SO42-(aq)
net ionic equation:
CO32-(aq) + Cu2+(aq) = CuCO3(s).
There are a couple of things to notice here. You donSolutionTh.pdf
There are a couple of things to notice here. You don
Solution
There are a couple of things to notice here. You don.
The terms monitor and CRT are used interchangeably in computersyst.pdf
The terms monitor and CRT are used interchangeably in computer
systems. A CRT originally referred to a specific type of monitor that uses a
cathode-ray tube (CRT). Monitors today are constructed using several different
technologies such as liquid plasma, liquid crystal, and CRT.
Solution
The terms monitor and CRT are used interchangeably in computer
systems. A CRT originally referred to a specific type of monitor that uses a
cathode-ray tube (CRT). Monitors today are constructed using several different
technologies such as liquid plasma, liquid crystal, and CRT..
The only way for this to happen is that all an are not positive. So .pdf
The only way for this to happen is that all an are not positive. So an example is the alternating
harmonic function (-1)n/n
Solution
The only way for this to happen is that all an are not positive. So an example is the alternating
harmonic function (-1)n/n.
The idea of Encapsulation is to bundle data and methods (that work.pdf
The idea of Encapsulation is to bundle data and methods (that work on the data) together and
restrict access of private data members outside the class. In C++, a friend function or friend class
can also access private data members.
Is it possible to access private members outside a class without friend?
Yes, it is possible using pointers. See the following program as an example.
#include
using namespace std;
class Test
{
private:
int data;
public:
Test() { data = 0; }
int getData() { return data; }
};
int main()
{
Test t;
int* ptr = (int*)&t;
*ptr = 10;
cout << t.getData();
return 0;
}
Run on IDE
Output:
Note that the above way of accessing private data members is not at all a recommended way of
accessing members and should never be used. Also, it doesn’t mean that the encapsulation
doesn’t work in C++. The idea of making private members is to avoid accidental changes. The
above change to data is not accidental. It’s an intentionally written code to fool the compiler.
#include
using namespace std;
class Test
{
private:
int data;
public:
Test() { data = 0; }
int getData() { return data; }
};
int main()
{
Test t;
int* ptr = (int*)&t;
*ptr = 10;
cout << t.getData();
return 0;
}
Solution
The idea of Encapsulation is to bundle data and methods (that work on the data) together and
restrict access of private data members outside the class. In C++, a friend function or friend class
can also access private data members.
Is it possible to access private members outside a class without friend?
Yes, it is possible using pointers. See the following program as an example.
#include
using namespace std;
class Test
{
private:
int data;
public:
Test() { data = 0; }
int getData() { return data; }
};
int main()
{
Test t;
int* ptr = (int*)&t;
*ptr = 10;
cout << t.getData();
return 0;
}
Run on IDE
Output:
Note that the above way of accessing private data members is not at all a recommended way of
accessing members and should never be used. Also, it doesn’t mean that the encapsulation
doesn’t work in C++. The idea of making private members is to avoid accidental changes. The
above change to data is not accidental. It’s an intentionally written code to fool the compiler.
#include
using namespace std;
class Test
{
private:
int data;
public:
Test() { data = 0; }
int getData() { return data; }
};
int main()
{
Test t;
int* ptr = (int*)&t;
*ptr = 10;
cout << t.getData();
return 0;
}.
Answer 16 If Greece, Spain and Portugal have the similar financial .pdf
Answer 16: If Greece, Spain and Portugal have the similar financial conditions while Italy has
the different. If Greece, Italy, Spain, Portugal leave common currency that is Euro then it will be
a disaster for Euro as well as these countries. This move will affect Euro. Euro will not have its
existence and its value will come down drastically. If these countries stop using Euro, Euro will
just collapse and it will bring down the economy of these countries. If new currency will be
introduced, it will take time to get stable.
This will have a great negative impact on European Union also. Some countries may leave
European Union because of these uncertainties.
Answer 17: In 2007-08, Financial crisis started in USA and hit the whole world. Subprime crisis
started when there was heavy demand of houses in USA, banks were financing for housing loan
with the help of Mortgage backed securities (MBD). Banks lent so much money for buying
properties without taking and checking the proper documents. Banks did not do proper
documentation and provided loan. Slowly the demand or properties came down and properties
got unsold. People who took loan, were not able to repay it as their properties got unsold. Banks
could not get the money back and some banks collapsed and got bankrupt. Lehman brothers and
Merrill Lynch got bankrupt. This was the time during 2007-2010 when the Subprime mortgage
crisis hit not only USA but almost the whole world.
Solution
Answer 16: If Greece, Spain and Portugal have the similar financial conditions while Italy has
the different. If Greece, Italy, Spain, Portugal leave common currency that is Euro then it will be
a disaster for Euro as well as these countries. This move will affect Euro. Euro will not have its
existence and its value will come down drastically. If these countries stop using Euro, Euro will
just collapse and it will bring down the economy of these countries. If new currency will be
introduced, it will take time to get stable.
This will have a great negative impact on European Union also. Some countries may leave
European Union because of these uncertainties.
Answer 17: In 2007-08, Financial crisis started in USA and hit the whole world. Subprime crisis
started when there was heavy demand of houses in USA, banks were financing for housing loan
with the help of Mortgage backed securities (MBD). Banks lent so much money for buying
properties without taking and checking the proper documents. Banks did not do proper
documentation and provided loan. Slowly the demand or properties came down and properties
got unsold. People who took loan, were not able to repay it as their properties got unsold. Banks
could not get the money back and some banks collapsed and got bankrupt. Lehman brothers and
Merrill Lynch got bankrupt. This was the time during 2007-2010 when the Subprime mortgage
crisis hit not only USA but almost the whole world..
Please find the answers and explanations belowWhy might one expec.pdf
Please find the answers and explanations below:
Why might one expect to find coliform in samples of meat?
Answer: The animal intestine normally contains coliform bacteria but these do not pose any
health hazard unless they penetrate the flesh/muscles. These bacteria are also eliminated from the
intestine by the route of egestion through faeces. While butchering, the animal flesh might
accidently get contaminated with this infected faeces or acquire coliform spores from the open
environment itself. This can directly lead to contamination and rottening of the flesh. Thus, due
to poor sanitation conditions, one might expect coliform in samples of meat which can cause
diseases.
b) What is the danger associated with this type of contamination?
Answer: Although these coliforms normally reside as good-flora in the intestine, but when
present in exceedingly high amounts such as contaminated meat, consumption of such food can
lead to food-poisoning and infection of the gastro-intestinal tract. This can lead to indigestion,
diarrhoea, poor assimilation of nutrients, vomiting tendency, nutrient loss and dehydration. Thus,
such clinical situations are alarming and demand attention.
c) In terms of food safety, why is it suggested to cook hamburgers medium-well to well-done
whereas steaks can be cooked rare?
Answer: In the modern times, the trend of packed food is very advanced. People tend to consume
pre-cooked or packaged food owing to ease and quickness. It is very well known that bacteria are
omnipresent in nature and given a chance, they can definitely incubate on a substratum surface
and contaminate it. The steak surface are very good substratum for this purpose. However,
heating the steaks can lead to decontamination since bacteria cannot survive on heat. This is why
it is said that the food should be properly cooked on heat before eating.
Hamburgers are particularly prone to infection due to added reasons. During process of making a
hamburger, the metallic dicers are used to finely chop the meat. Since these metallic dicers
remain open in contact with air, they are highly vulnerable for infectious growth of
bacteria/pathogens. Moreover, mechanical churning of the meat will further promote even
distribution of the pathogen in the complete lot of the hamburgers making them more vulnerable
to infection. Thus, it is always strictly suggested to cook hamburgers medium-well to well-done.
On the other hand, the steaks are only surface infected with bacteria and small and short episodes
of heat exposure can directly kill these pathogens. Thus, it is suggested that cooking the steaks
moderately is accepted in terms of food safety.
Solution
Please find the answers and explanations below:
Why might one expect to find coliform in samples of meat?
Answer: The animal intestine normally contains coliform bacteria but these do not pose any
health hazard unless they penetrate the flesh/muscles. These bacteria are also eliminated from the
intestine by the route of e.
Manning = number of shift x amount of partsSolutionManning = n.pdf
The document discusses a formula for calculating manning, which is equal to the number of shifts multiplied by the amount of parts. It states that manning is calculated as the number of shifts times the amount of parts.
its not visible.Solutionits not visible..pdf
The document does not provide any visible information to summarize in 3 sentences or less. The document consists of the phrase "its not visible" repeated twice without any other context.
HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSECELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSEIt destroys antig.pdf
HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE
CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE
It destroys antigen outside of the cell in body fluids like blood and lymph.
It destroys antigen inside the cells using T cells tagged with MHC marker.
B cells produce memory cells which can provide future immunity.
T cells are of two types-
T helper cells-
They do not destroy the infected cells or pathogens, but they activate other immune cells to do
so.
The major roles of T helper cells are to stimulate B cells to secrete antibodies, to activate
phagocytes, to activate T killer cells and to enhance the activity of natural killer (NK) cells. They
require MHC class II proteins to present the exogenous antigens.
Cytotoxic T cells-
They destroy the cells by inducing apoptosis infected by viruses, intracellular bacteria and
certain types of cancers. They require MHC class I proteins to present the endogenous antigens.
Intracellular pathogens are usually not detected by macrophages and antibodies, and clearance of
infection depends upon elimination of infected cells by cytotoxic lymphocytes
HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE
CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE
It destroys antigen outside of the cell in body fluids like blood and lymph.
It destroys antigen inside the cells using T cells tagged with MHC marker.Apart from antigen
binding the B cell, Interleukins or helper T cells costimulate the B cells and enable its activation
and proliferation.B cells proliferate and produce plasma cells which bear antibodies with the
identical antigen specificity as the antigen receptors of the activated B cells. The antibodies are
released and circulate through the body, binding to the antigens.APC (Antigen presenting cells)
display antigen to T cells.Interleukins (secreted by APCs or helper T cells) costimulate the
activation of T cells based on the type of antigen.
B cells produce memory cells which can provide future immunity.
T cells are of two types-
T helper cells-
They do not destroy the infected cells or pathogens, but they activate other immune cells to do
so.
The major roles of T helper cells are to stimulate B cells to secrete antibodies, to activate
phagocytes, to activate T killer cells and to enhance the activity of natural killer (NK) cells.
They require MHC class II proteins to present the exogenous antigens.
Cytotoxic T cells-
They destroy the cells by inducing apoptosis infected by viruses, intracellular bacteria and
certain types of cancers. They require MHC class I proteins to present the endogenous antigens.
Intracellular pathogens are usually not detected by macrophages and antibodies, and clearance
of infection depends upon elimination of infected cells by cytotoxic lymphocytes
Solution
HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE
CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE
It destroys antigen outside of the cell in body fluids like blood and lymph.
It destroys antigen inside the cells using T cells tagged with MHC marker.
B cells produce memory cells which can provide future immunity.
T cells are of two types-
T helper cells-
They do not destroy the .
import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Scanner;public clas.pdf
The program takes a 12-digit number as input and splits it into pairs of 2, 3, 4 and 6 digits. It stores each pair in ArrayLists and checks if the numbers in each ArrayList are in increasing order, printing the ArrayLists if in order or an error message if not. It defines a count method to get the digit length of the input number.
H2A(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) Na2A(aq) + 2H2O(l) x .pdf
H2A(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) Na2A(aq) + 2H2O(l)
x 2x x 2x (mol)
moles of 0.5200 M NaOH
n1=0.039*0.52=0.02028 mol=2x
=> x=0.01 mol
=>molar mass of the acid:
M=1.0547/0.01014=104
Solution
H2A(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) Na2A(aq) + 2H2O(l)
x 2x x 2x (mol)
moles of 0.5200 M NaOH
n1=0.039*0.52=0.02028 mol=2x
=> x=0.01 mol
=>molar mass of the acid:
M=1.0547/0.01014=104.
Correct option 4.You are studying a population of wild coyotes an.pdf
Correct option: 4.
You are studying a population of wild coyotes and notice that every three years there is an
epidemic of a bacterial disease. Which of the following best explains this periodic cycling of the
disease?
1. New coyotes are continuously born into the population.
The statement is true but not the correct explanation.
The population must have new offspring continuously so that the it remains existing after
periodic epidemics each after 3 years.
2. Coyotes are dying from other causes over time.
The statement is true but not the correct explanation.
It may happen as a natural death, prey-predator relationships, other diseases, etc.
3. During an outbreak, the proportion of coyotes who are sick with the disease slowly falls as
they recover.
The statement is true but not the correct explanation.
Since, the immunity of one coyotes may work differently from others; some may fall sick early
while some may get sick late. However, epidemics can occur anytime once a sufficiently large
pathogen load has been established by the infected (sick) members. Thus, this case does not
show periodicity, most probability.
4. Coyotes from other populations, who have already caught and recovered from the disease,
immigrate into the study population.
The statement is true and is the correct explanation.
Immigration (periodic) of recovered coyotes from other community into the study area may be
responsible for the periodic appearance of epidemic in the study area.
Solution
Correct option: 4.
You are studying a population of wild coyotes and notice that every three years there is an
epidemic of a bacterial disease. Which of the following best explains this periodic cycling of the
disease?
1. New coyotes are continuously born into the population.
The statement is true but not the correct explanation.
The population must have new offspring continuously so that the it remains existing after
periodic epidemics each after 3 years.
2. Coyotes are dying from other causes over time.
The statement is true but not the correct explanation.
It may happen as a natural death, prey-predator relationships, other diseases, etc.
3. During an outbreak, the proportion of coyotes who are sick with the disease slowly falls as
they recover.
The statement is true but not the correct explanation.
Since, the immunity of one coyotes may work differently from others; some may fall sick early
while some may get sick late. However, epidemics can occur anytime once a sufficiently large
pathogen load has been established by the infected (sick) members. Thus, this case does not
show periodicity, most probability.
4. Coyotes from other populations, who have already caught and recovered from the disease,
immigrate into the study population.
The statement is true and is the correct explanation.
Immigration (periodic) of recovered coyotes from other community into the study area may be
responsible for the periodic appearance of epidemic in the study area..
Both the compounds mentioned are semiconductors. The atomic species .pdf
Both the compounds mentioned are semiconductors. The atomic species required for making
InAs (Indium Arsenide) is Indium which is is 3rd group element and Arsenic which is group 5th
element. To make InSb(Indium Antimonide) the atomic species required is Indium which is 3rd
group element and Antimony which is again 5th group element. InSb is a semiconductor which
has narrow bandgap of 0.17ev at toom temperature. Owing to its low band gap it is generally
used in infrared sensors application.
Solution
Both the compounds mentioned are semiconductors. The atomic species required for making
InAs (Indium Arsenide) is Indium which is is 3rd group element and Arsenic which is group 5th
element. To make InSb(Indium Antimonide) the atomic species required is Indium which is 3rd
group element and Antimony which is again 5th group element. InSb is a semiconductor which
has narrow bandgap of 0.17ev at toom temperature. Owing to its low band gap it is generally
used in infrared sensors application..
The amount spent per person on health care in the U.S. is approximat.pdf
The amount spent per person on health care in the U.S. is approximated by H(t) = h0
Solution
The amount spent per person on health care in the U.S. is approximated by H(t) = h0.
b. Somatosensory association areaAssociation cortex is the cerebra.pdf
b. Somatosensory association area
Association cortex is the cerebral cortex outside the primaryareas. It is essential for mental
functions that are more complex than detecting basic dimensions of sensory stimulation, for
which primary sensory areas appear to be necessary.
Solution
b. Somatosensory association area
Association cortex is the cerebral cortex outside the primaryareas. It is essential for mental
functions that are more complex than detecting basic dimensions of sensory stimulation, for
which primary sensory areas appear to be necessary..
b) 1Because the sum of the entire probability distribution is .pdf
b) 1
Because the sum of the entire probability distribution is always equal to 1
Solution
b) 1
Because the sum of the entire probability distribution is always equal to 1.
AnswerInterspecific hybridization causes difficulties in classify.pdf
Answer:
Interspecific hybridization causes difficulties in classifying species because the offspring
produced through this breeding is due to result of breeding of two species of same genus.
Therefore, species may become sterile some times and it may exhibit inherited features of both
parents. Hybrid sterility of the offspring is going to make them to classify into any genus because
sterility is going to prevent movement of genes from generation to another. Species such as
mules, hinnis are resulted from interspecific hybridization therefore, “viable sexual gametes
(meiosis is disrupted) are not generated from these organisms. Mules are cross breeds between
horse and donkey; they contain 63 numbers of chromosomes (32 from horse, and 31 from
donkey). 62 chromosomes are paired up and one remains unpaired (inherited from the horse).
Mules are sterile because horse and donkey has different number of chromosomes and they are
not homologues.
Solution
Answer:
Interspecific hybridization causes difficulties in classifying species because the offspring
produced through this breeding is due to result of breeding of two species of same genus.
Therefore, species may become sterile some times and it may exhibit inherited features of both
parents. Hybrid sterility of the offspring is going to make them to classify into any genus because
sterility is going to prevent movement of genes from generation to another. Species such as
mules, hinnis are resulted from interspecific hybridization therefore, “viable sexual gametes
(meiosis is disrupted) are not generated from these organisms. Mules are cross breeds between
horse and donkey; they contain 63 numbers of chromosomes (32 from horse, and 31 from
donkey). 62 chromosomes are paired up and one remains unpaired (inherited from the horse).
Mules are sterile because horse and donkey has different number of chromosomes and they are
not homologues..
Answer8. Metal ions are most common cofactors and some enzymes fun.pdf
Answer
8. Metal ions are most common cofactors and some enzymes functions as enzyme cofactors and
if the metal ion is not available, the function cannot be carried out. In daily nutrition, the trace
elemnts that acts as cofactors are iron, manganese, cobalt, copper, zinc, selenium, and
molybdenum. Though iodine is essential for synthesis of throid hormone, selenium-dependent
enzymes are also required for the coversion of throxine to the biologically active thyroid
hormone and it is still not evident how iodine acts as a cofactor.
Therefore, the correct answer is option (d).
9. Anemia results from lack of red blood cells or dysfunctional red blood cells in the body. This
leads to reduced oxygen flow to the body\'s organs and the symptoms include fatigue, skin
pallor, and shortness of breath, dizziness or a fast heartbeat. The most common cause of anemia
is blood loss. Heavy menstrual periods or bleeding in the digestive or urinary tract can cause
blood loss and young women up to 10% more of adolescent and adult women under 49 years ate
iron deficient and have higher risk of anemia. Iron is not the only mineral deficiency that will
impair hemoglobin synthesis; even low thyroid levels also impart hemoglobin synthesis
indirectly.
Iron-deficiency anemia is known as microcytic anemia, usually due to poor dietary intake or
blood loss and the macrocytic anemia results in red blood cells that are larger than normal.
Therefore, the correct answer is option (a).
10. Vitamin C enhances the absorption of the mineral Iron. A higher bioavailability of dietary
iron can be achieved by increasing the content of food components enhancing iron absoprtion by
ascorbic acid. The ascorbic acid absorbs the dietary iron fortwo reasons: (1) the prevention of the
formation of insoluble and unabsorbable iron compounds and (2) the reduction of ferric to
ferrous iron, which seems to be a requirement for the uptake of iron into the mucosal cells.
Therefore, the correct annwer is option (b).
11.
The mineral that is not included in children\'s multivitamin/mineral supplements is iron. Because
iron toxicity is most common even with small amounts above the recommended dietary intake,
having the potential to cause gastrointestinal upset, heart problems and anemia. Higher doses of
iron above dietary intake level can increase the risk of birth defects in the babies of pregnant
women and as children gain access to iron supplements it affects theirs central nervous system,
liver, bone, and skin making it a major cause of unintentional poisoning deaths.
Thus, iron is not included in children\'s multivitamin/mineral supplements. Therefore, the correct
answer is option (c).
12. Zinc is an essential mineral and meat sources such as beef, lamb are the best sources for zinc.
Excessive intake of zinc supplements can result in copper deficiency, as zinc inhibits the
absorption of copper. There is a category of enzymes that use Zinc acts as cofactor and these are
Matrix metalloproteinases. T.
More from shettysachin2005 (20)
Total ionic equation2Na+(aq) + CO32-(aq) + Cu2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) =.pdf
Total ionic equation2Na+(aq) + CO32-(aq) + Cu2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) =.pdf
There are a couple of things to notice here. You donSolutionTh.pdf
There are a couple of things to notice here. You donSolutionTh.pdf
The terms monitor and CRT are used interchangeably in computersyst.pdf
The terms monitor and CRT are used interchangeably in computersyst.pdf
The only way for this to happen is that all an are not positive. So .pdf
The only way for this to happen is that all an are not positive. So .pdf
The idea of Encapsulation is to bundle data and methods (that work.pdf
The idea of Encapsulation is to bundle data and methods (that work.pdf
Answer 16 If Greece, Spain and Portugal have the similar financial .pdf
Answer 16 If Greece, Spain and Portugal have the similar financial .pdf
Please find the answers and explanations belowWhy might one expec.pdf
Please find the answers and explanations belowWhy might one expec.pdf
Manning = number of shift x amount of partsSolutionManning = n.pdf
Manning = number of shift x amount of partsSolutionManning = n.pdf
HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSECELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSEIt destroys antig.pdf
HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSECELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSEIt destroys antig.pdf
import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Scanner;public clas.pdf
import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Scanner;public clas.pdf
Correct option 4.You are studying a population of wild coyotes an.pdf
Correct option 4.You are studying a population of wild coyotes an.pdf
Both the compounds mentioned are semiconductors. The atomic species .pdf
Both the compounds mentioned are semiconductors. The atomic species .pdf
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